CN109958923B - 照明装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种照明装置,其包括外管、内管以及光源。外管具有反射内壁。内管设置于外管内且与外管共轴,其中内管具有反射外壁,外管与内管之间形成环状光通道,环状光通道具有分别对应于外管两端的入光口与出光口,且内管的区段从出光口处延伸出。光源设置于入光口处,光源发出的光线经由入光口进入环状光通道,并被外管的反射内壁与内管的反射外壁多次反射后由出光口离开照明装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种装置,且特别是涉及一种照明装置。
背景技术
一般而言,在照明的使用上,若照明区域的亮度呈现较一致的均匀性,将有助于使用者对于照明区域的观察。然而,常见的照明装置(例如内窥镜照明装置)的照射范围主要集中在照明装置正前方的区域,使得正前方区域的亮度过高而远离正前方区域的较大视场角区域的亮度则快速降低,导致照明区域的亮度均匀性不佳,进而影响使用者对于照明区域的观察结果。
发明内容
本发明提供一种照明装置,具有均匀的照明亮度。
本发明一实施例提出一种照明装置,包括外管、内管以及光源。外管具有反射内壁。内管设置于外管内且与外管共轴,其中内管具有反射外壁,外管与内管之间形成环状光通道,环状光通道具有分别对应于外管两端的入光口与出光口,且内管的区段从出光口处延伸出。光源设置于入光口处,光源发出的光线经由入光口进入环状光通道,并被外管的反射内壁与内管的反射外壁多次反射后由出光口离开照明装置。
为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举实施例,并配合所附的附图作详细说明如下。
附图说明
图1A为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的示意图;
图1B为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图;
图2为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图;
图3为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图;
图4为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图;
图5为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图;
图6为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的设计示意图;
图7A为使用发光二极管作为照明装置的非相干性辐照度(incoherentirradiance)的分布图;
图7B为使用发光二极管与二次光学透镜作为照明装置的非相干性辐照度的分布图;
图7C为本发明的一实施例的照明装置300的非相干性辐照度的分布图。
符号说明
100、200、300、400、500、600:照明装置
110:外管
112:反射内壁
120:内管
120a:区段
122:反射外壁
130:光源
240、440:光扩散结构
350:折光结构
560:摄影装置
570、580、590:封口结构
CH:环状光通道
I:入光口
O:出光口
L:光线
具体实施方式
图1A为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的示意图。图1B为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图。请参照图1A与图1B,本实施例的照明装置100包括外管110、内管120以及光源130。外管110具有反射内壁112。内管120设置于外管110内且与外管110共轴,其中内管120具有反射外壁122,外管110与内管120之间形成环状光通道CH,环状光通道CH具有分别对应于外管两端的入光口I与出光口O,且内管120的区段120a从出光口O处延伸出。光源130设置于入光口I处,光源130发出的光线L经由入光口I进入环状光通道CH,并被外管110的反射内壁112与内管120的反射外壁122多次反射传递后由出光口O离开照明装置100。在本实施例中,由于内管120的区段120a从出光口O处延伸出,使得较多的光线L会往远离内管120的方向射出照明装置100,因此光线L在离开照明装置100时的发散角较大,可提升较大视场角区域的亮度,使光线L不过度集中于照明装置100正前方的区域。如此一来,本发明的实施例的照明装置100可具有均匀的照明亮度。
在本实施例中,光源130为多个不连续的点型发光元件,其例如是由多个发光二极管(light-emitting diode,LED)所组成。在其他实施例中(未示出),光源也可以是连续的面型发光元件,其例如是由有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode,OLED)所构成。此外,光源130可包括导光光纤束或光导,连接至环状光通道CH的入光口I处。也就是说,发光元件可不直接设置于环状光通道CH的入光口I处,而是通过导光光纤束或光导将发光元件发出的光线导引至环状光通道CH的入光口I处,然而本发明不以此为限。
在本实施例中,外管110与内管120的材质例如是金属,且外管110的反射内壁112与内管120的反射外壁122例如是平滑表面,使光线L在外管110的反射内壁112与内管120的反射外壁122的反射方式为镜面反射。在其他实施例中,外管110的反射内壁112与内管120的反射外壁122例如是粗糙表面,使光线L在外管110的反射内壁112与内管120的反射外壁122的反射方式为扩散式反射。
图2为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图。请参照图2,本实施例的照明装置200与图1B所示的照明装置100大致上相同,要注意的是,照明装置200还包括光扩散结构240,设置于环状光通道CH内,且光扩散结构240具有对应于环状光通道CH的环状形状。具体来说,光扩散结构240可使通过的光线发散,因此当光源130发出的光线L通过光扩散结构240后,光线L可更分散而均匀化。举例来说,光扩散结构240可为透光材质且具有粗糙表面。光扩散结构240也可以包括散射材料,分散于光扩散结构240内。此外,光扩散结构240也可以包括全息扩散片,然而本发明不以此为限。
图3为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图。请参照图3,本实施例的照明装置300与图2所示的照明装置200大致上相同,要注意的是,照明装置300还包括折光结构350,设置于环状光通道CH的出光口O处且连接于外管110。折光结构350为环状结构。折光结构350的外径与外管110的外径相同,且折光结构350在与外管110连接处的内径小于折光结构350在远离外管110的一端的内径。此外,折光结构350在与外管110连接处的内径大于内管120的外径,也就是说,在出光口O处,折光结构350与内管120之间具有间距。另外,折光结构350在远离外管110的一端的内径小于或等于外管110的外径。应理解,此处提到的内径为构件的内表面相对于照明装置300的中心轴的半径,而外径为构件的外表面相对于照明装置300的中心轴的半径。在本实施例中,折光结构350在远离外管110的一端的内径小于外管110的外径,因此折光结构350的剖面形状为梯形。在其他实施例中(例如图6所示),折光结构350在远离外管110的一端的内径也可以等于外管110的外径,因此折光结构350的剖面形状也可以为三角形,然而本发明不以此为限。
在本实施例中,折光结构350为透明材质。光源130发出的光线L经过外管110的反射内壁112与内管120的反射外壁122多次反射后,被折光结构350折射或是在折光结构350内部发生全反射而往更远离内管120的方向离开照明装置300。折光结构350的材质例如玻璃、塑胶、压克力或其他适当的透明材质。由于折光结构350可进一步将光线L向外偏折而离开照明装置300,使光线L在离开照明装置300时的发散角更大,因此照明装置300可具有更均匀的照明亮度。此外,折光结构350连接于外管110且具有与外管110相同的外径,也就是说,照明装置300具有连续且完整的外轮廓,而在出光口O的一端不具有外管110与内管120之间的落差,将有利于例如内窥镜照明的应用上。然而,在其他实施例中(未示出),折光结构350也可以不具有与外管110相同的外径。
在本实施例中,照明装置300同时设置了折光结构350与光扩散结构240。然而,在其他实施例中(未示出),照明装置也可以仅设置折光结构350而不设置光扩散结构240。
图4为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图。请参照图4,本实施例的照明装置400与图3所示的照明装置300大致上相同,要注意的是,照明装置300的光扩散结构240设置于环状光通道CH内,且较靠近入光口I处,而照明装置400的光扩散结构440设置于折光结构350上且接近环状光通道CH的出光口O处。在一实施例中,光扩散结构440与折光结构350为一体成型。
图5为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的沿着中心轴的剖面示意图。请参照图5,本实施例的照明装置500与图3所示的照明装置300大致上相同,要注意的是,照明装置500还包括摄影装置560,设置于内管120中靠近区段120a的一端内。此外,照明装置500还包括封口结构570、封口结构580与封口结构590。封口结构570将折光结构350与内管120之间的间隙封住,封口结构580将光源130与环型光通道CH的入光口I之间的间隙封住,而封口结构590将位于光源130一侧的内管120封住。其中,封口结构570与封口结构580可固定外管110与内管120之间的间距。
图6为本发明的一实施例的照明装置的设计示意图。为清楚描述,图6仅示出部分构件,且省略示出外管110与内管120的厚度。请参照图6,若本实施例的照明装置600的内管120的半径为r1,外管110的半径为r2,外管110与内管120之间的管径差为D,折光结构350的长度为H,折光结构350与内管120之间在出光口O处的间距为a,且区段120a从出光口O处延伸出的长度为b。在一实施例中,满足下列关系式:0.5≤H/D≤2,0.04≤a/D≤0.33,0<b≤7a+0.1D,且b≤H,其中D=r2-r1,然而本发明不以此为限。
图7A为使用发光二极管作为照明装置的非相干性辐照度(incoherentirradiance)的分布图。图7B为使用发光二极管与二次光学透镜作为照明装置的非相干性辐照度的分布图。图7C为本发明的一实施例的照明装置300的非相干性辐照度的分布图。请同时参照图7A、图7B以及图7C,由非相干性辐照度的分布图可知,相较于仅使用发光二极管作为照明装置以及使用发光二极管与二次光学透镜作为照明装置而言,本发明的实施例的照明装置300的辐照度的分布较为平均。若将发光装置正前方区域的中央亮度定为100%,则仅使用发光二极管作为照明装置(如图7A)的照明区域中,亮度为中央亮度的80%处的视场角为39.6度,而此照明装置的视场角(field of view,FOV)为56.6度;使用发光二极管与二次光学透镜作为照明装置(如图7B)的照明区域中,亮度为中央亮度的80%处的视场角为42.2度,而此照明装置的视场角为60.3度;本发明的实施例的照明装置300的照明区域中,亮度为中央亮度的80%处的视场角为93.8度,而此照明装置300(如图7C)的视场角为134度。也就是说,本发明的实施例的照明装置300具有较均匀的照明亮度,且可适用于视场角较大的照射范围。
需说明的是,根据中华人民共和国医药行业标准YY 1082--2007的检测方法:取得发光装置正前方区域的中央亮度;取得视场角的角度的70%处的亮度;将视场角的角度的70%处的亮度除以正前方区域的中央亮度,以计算出亮度均匀性。由于本发明的实施例的亮度均匀性为80%,因此,前述提到的视场角(field of view,FOV)的角度的计算方式为:将发光装置正前方区域的中央亮度定为100%;找出亮度为中央亮度的80%处,并将此中央亮度的80%处相对于中央轴的视场角定为视场角的角度的70%;再将此视场角除以70%,以得到视场角的角度。
请同时参考图2、图3及图7C。在图2实施例的照明装置200的照明区域中,亮度为中央亮度的80%处的视场角为69.4度,而此照明装置200的视场角为99.1度。在图3实施例的照明装置300的照明区域中,亮度为中央亮度的80%处的视场角为93.8度,而此照明装置300的视场角为134度。由此可知,通过折光结构与光扩散结构的设置,可以进一步的提升照明装置的亮度均匀度。
综上所述,在本发明的实施例的照明装置中,由于内管的区段从出光口处延伸出,光源所发出的光线被外管的反射内壁与内管的反射外壁多次反射后,较多的光线会往远离内管的方向射出照明装置,因此光线在离开照明装置时的发散角较大,可提升较大视场角区域的亮度,使光线不过度集中于照明装置正前方的区域。如此一来,本发明的实施例的照明装置可具有较均匀的照明亮度。再者,本发明的实施例的光扩散结构可使通过的光线发散,因此当光源发出的光线通过光扩散结构后,光线可更分散而均匀化。另外,光源发出的光线在通过折光结构后,可被折光结构折射或是在折光结构内部发生全反射而进一步往远离中心轴的方向离开照明装置,因此本发明的实施例的照明装置可具有更均匀的照明亮度。
虽然结合以上实施例公开了本发明,然而其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域中技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,可作些许的更动与润饰,故本发明的保护范围应当以附上的权利要求所界定的为准。
Claims (22)
1.一种照明装置,包括:
外管,具有反射内壁;
内管,设置于所述外管内且与所述外管共轴,其中所述内管具有反射外壁,所述外管与所述内管之间形成环状光通道,所述环状光通道具有分别对应于所述外管两端的入光口与出光口;以及
光源,设置于所述入光口处,所述光源发出的光线经由所述入光口进入所述环状光通道,并被所述外管的所述反射内壁与所述内管的所述反射外壁多次反射后由所述出光口离开所述照明装置;
其特征在于,所述内管的区段从所述出光口处延伸出。
2.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述外管与所述内管的材质为金属。
3.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光源包括导光光纤束或光导。
4.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光源包括至少一发光二极管。
5.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,还包括光扩散结构,设置于所述环状光通道内。
6.如权利要求5所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光扩散结构为透光材质且具有粗糙表面。
7.如权利要求5所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光扩散结构包括散射材料,分散于所述光扩散结构内。
8.如权利要求5所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光扩散结构包括全息扩散片。
9.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,还包括折光结构,设置于所述环状光通道的所述出光口处且连接于所述外管,所述光线通过所述折光结构往远离所述内管的方向离开所述照明装置。
10.如权利要求9所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述折光结构的外径与所述外管的外径相同,且所述折光结构在与所述外管连接处的内径小于所述折光结构在远离所述外管的一端的内径。
11.如权利要求9所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述折光结构在与所述外管连接处的内径大于所述内管的外径。
12.如权利要求9所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述折光结构在远离所述外管的一端的内径小于或等于所述外管的外径。
13.如权利要求9所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述内管的半径为r1,所述外管的半径为r2,所述外管与所述内管之间的管径差为D,所述折光结构的长度为H,则0.5≤H/D≤2,其中D=r2-r1。
14.如权利要求9所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述内管的半径为r1,所述外管的半径为r2,所述外管与所述内管之间的管径差为D,所述折光结构与所述内管之间在所述出光口处的间距为a,则0.04≤a/D≤0.33,其中D=r2-r1。
15.如权利要求9所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述内管的半径为r1,所述外管的半径为r2,所述外管与所述内管之间的管径差为D,所述折光结构的长度为H,所述折光结构与所述内管之间在所述出光口处的间距为a,所述区段从所述出光口处延伸出的长度为b,则0<b≤7a+0.1D,且b≤H,其中D=r2-r1。
16.如权利要求9所述的照明装置,其特征在于,还包括光扩散结构,设置于所述环状光通道内。
17.如权利要求16所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光扩散结构为透光材质且具有粗糙表面。
18.如权利要求16所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光扩散结构包括散射材料,分散于所述光扩散结构内。
19.如权利要求16所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光扩散结构包括全息扩散片。
20.如权利要求16所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光扩散结构设置于所述折光结构上且接近所述环状光通道的所述出光口处。
21.如权利要求16所述的照明装置,其特征在于,所述光扩散结构与所述折光结构为一体成型。
22.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,还包括摄影装置,设置于所述内管中靠近所述区段的一端内。
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