CN109957831B - Electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection integrated device - Google Patents
Electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection integrated device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109957831B CN109957831B CN201910283793.5A CN201910283793A CN109957831B CN 109957831 B CN109957831 B CN 109957831B CN 201910283793 A CN201910283793 A CN 201910283793A CN 109957831 B CN109957831 B CN 109957831B
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of detection of residual stress of samples, and discloses an integrated device for electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection, which comprises an X-ray diffraction system, a detection head, a working platform, a polishing solution recovery device, an anti-corrosion flushing device, a transverse servo motor, a longitudinal servo motor, a clamp device, a sample piece and an online electrolytic polishing system, wherein the working platform for fixing the sample piece is arranged below the detection head of the X-ray diffraction system, and is provided with the transverse servo motor and the longitudinal servo motor, and the working platform is driven to transversely and longitudinally move through the transverse servo motor, the longitudinal servo motor and a ball screw; the working platform is provided with a clamp device for fixing the sample; an online electrolytic polishing system is arranged on one side of the working platform; the online electrolytic polishing system is provided with a polishing solution recovery device and an anti-corrosion flushing device. The method realizes the detection of residual stress by X-ray diffraction, and integrates electrolytic polishing and liquid recovery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of residual stress detection of samples, and particularly relates to an electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection integrated device.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, the principle of X-ray diffraction method: when the X-ray irradiates on the polycrystal, diffraction occurs when the X-ray optical path difference 2dsin theta of the adjacent 2 atomic planes is an integral multiple of the wavelength lambda, and the Bragg equation 2dsin theta = n lambda is satisfied, wherein d is the material crystal face spacing theta and is the diffraction angle, and lambda is the characteristic spectral line wavelength of the X-ray tube target material. The X-ray stress meter obtains the change of the microscopic interplanar spacing d by measuring the diffraction angle 2 theta. And calculating the stress sigma=k.M of the material by using an elastic mechanics theory, wherein k is a stress constant, M= (2 theta)/(sin ψ), and M is required to be determined experimentally.
Electrolytic polishing: the workpiece is used as an anode to be connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply. And a conductive material resistant to electrolyte corrosion such as lead, stainless steel and the like is used as a cathode, and is connected to the cathode of a direct current power supply. Immersing the two materials at a certain distance in electrolyte which generally takes sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid as basic components, and under a certain temperature, voltage and current density (generally lower than 1A/cm) 2 ) Then, the workpiece is energized for a certain period of time (typically, several tens of seconds to several minutes), and the minute raised portions on the surface of the workpiece are dissolved first, and gradually become a smooth and bright surface.
With the rapid development of the technology for detecting residual stress, three methods for detecting residual stress generally appear, and for the X-ray diffraction method, only the residual stress of the surface of the sample is detected. Meanwhile, if the same surface is measured at different positions, the point required to be measured is required to be searched through a manual sample, so that the working load is large, and meanwhile, the inaccuracy can cause large errors.
If the residual stress of the depth of the sample is detected, the residual stress is detected after electrolytic polishing, and meanwhile, the position of the electrolytic polishing is required to be found, so that the position is not easy to find, the precision is poor, and the efficiency is low. When the electrolytic polishing pen is used, one part of electrolytic polishing liquid can flow back through the system of the electrolytic polishing pen, and the other part is wasted.
In the related art, patent 1 is as follows: application number CN201510336332, a method, a device and application for measuring residual stress of a thin plate by using a name-assisted ray diffraction method; aiming at the measurement of the residual stress of the plate such as casting, heat treatment, rolling, slitting and the like, when the residual stress of the thin plate is measured, the thin plate is horizontally fixed by the clamp, and meanwhile, a certain horizontal tensile force is applied to the thin plate, so that the influence of the gravity of the warping thin plate on the measurement result of the residual stress is eliminated under the action of the tensile force, and the reliability of the result of measuring the residual stress of the thin plate by a ray method is improved. The defects are that: accurate repeated positioning measurement of the sample cannot be achieved. The electrolytic polishing and the recovery of polishing liquid at the measuring point at any time can not be carried out, and then the measurement is carried out again, and the layered accurate measurement at the same position can not be carried out.
Related patent 2: the application number CN201310676632, name, a laser ultrasonic nondestructive testing method and equipment for residual stress of a composite material, which is characterized in that an emission light source of a laser emitter is focused on the composite material to be tested through a convex lens, then a laser beam reflected by the composite material is formed into a parallel beam through the convex lens, the parallel beam is then emitted onto a triple prism to be divided into two laser beams, the two laser beams are respectively reflected through a reflecting mirror on the premise of ensuring that the optical paths of the two laser beams are equal, and the two reflected laser beams are respectively focused on two input ends of a balance receiver through the convex lens; the output signal of the output end of the balance receiver is processed and converted into the numerical value of the residual stress of the composite material to be detected by the terminal processor. The above patent has the disadvantages that: accurate repeated positioning measurement of the sample cannot be achieved. Layered measurement of the same point and accurate measurement of different points on the same plane cannot be achieved.
The related patent 3 is as follows: application number CN201610134534, mechanical arm detection device and method for residual stress of complex-named member, comprising: an industrial personal computer; the manipulator scanning mechanism comprises a manipulator and a manipulator controller, wherein the manipulator is used for clamping an ultrasonic transducer, and the manipulator is connected and communicated with the manipulator controller and the industrial personal computer; the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting mechanism comprises an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic pulse receiving and transmitting card and a data acquisition card, wherein the ultrasonic pulse receiving and transmitting card and the high-speed acquisition card are arranged on the industrial personal computer, and the industrial personal computer is used for receiving and transmitting and acquiring pulse signals. When a tested sample is placed in a known fixed position in a manipulator moving space, and is detected, the industrial personal computer controls a manipulator holding an ultrasonic transducer to scan a moving track, the ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves, receives ultrasonic pulse echo signals reflected by a tested piece, extracts sound velocity information in the ultrasonic echo signals and feeds the sound velocity information back to the industrial personal computer to obtain residual stress characteristic distribution. The above patent has the disadvantages that: repeated positioning measurement of the sample cannot be accurately achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to find the defects of the existing equipment based on observation in a practical operation test, thereby providing an improved device, providing an integrated device for electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection, and realizing the integration of the electrolytic polishing and liquid recovery. When the original deep detection is carried out, the residual stress detection can be carried out after the sample piece is disassembled and moved to the outside for electrolytic polishing and then clamped again, the repeated disassembly and movement of the sample piece are difficult, the position of the detection point is difficult to accurately position, the problems of low detection efficiency, large detection error and the like are caused, and the invention effectively solves the problems, and greatly improves the detection efficiency and precision.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the integrated device for electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection comprises an X-ray diffraction system 1, a detection head 11, a working platform 2, a polishing solution recovery device 71, an anti-corrosion flushing device 77, a transverse servo motor 3, a longitudinal servo motor 4, a clamp device 5, a sample 6 and an online electrolytic polishing system 7, and is characterized in that the working platform 2 is arranged below the detection head of the X-ray diffraction system 1, and the clamp device 5 for fixing the sample is arranged on the working platform; the working platform is provided with a transverse servo motor 3 and a longitudinal servo motor 4, and is driven to transversely and longitudinally move by the transverse servo motor, the longitudinal servo motor and a ball screw; an online electrolytic polishing system 7 is arranged on one side of the working platform; the online electrolytic polishing system is provided with a polishing solution recovery device and an anti-corrosion flushing device.
Preferably, the online electrolytic polishing system 7 comprises a polishing solution recycling device 71, a servo motor III 72, a clamping robot 73, a clamping device 74, a force sensor 75, an electrolytic polishing pen 76 and an anti-corrosion flushing device 77, wherein the clamping robot 73 is arranged on the polishing solution recycling device 71, the servo motor 72 is used for controlling the movement of an arm of the clamping robot, and the clamping robot 73 clamps the electrolytic polishing pen 76 to move up and down and back and forth to corresponding points through the clamping device 74 of the arm; a force sensor 75 is arranged at the wrist of the clamping robot 73, and the force is determined; meanwhile, the lower part of the arm of the clamping robot is provided with an anti-corrosion flushing device 77; the liquid sensor senses the electrolytic polishing liquid which triggers the anti-corrosion flushing device to slowly discharge water to flush overflowed, and then flows into the polishing liquid recovery device body through a water outlet on the workbench.
Preferably, a workbench is placed in the middle of the workbench, a drainage port 24 is arranged on one side of the workbench, four grooves 21 are arranged on the surface of the workbench, drainage holes 22 are uniformly distributed on the grooves, and a liquid detector 23 is respectively arranged in each of the four grooves and each drainage hole and is used for detecting liquid in which a part of polishing liquid flows back and another part flows out when a polishing pen polishes a sample, and then the polishing liquid after flowing out is flushed into a polishing liquid recovery device through a flushing device.
Preferably, the liquid detector has a liquid sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the detection of residual stress by X-ray diffraction, and integrates electrolytic polishing and liquid recovery. The original depth detection needs repeated disassembly and assembly, moves the sample piece to the outside for electrolytic polishing, and then the residual stress detection can be carried out next time after the sample piece is clamped again, so that the repeated disassembly and movement of the sample piece are caused, the detection point is difficult to accurately position, the problems of low detection efficiency, large detection error and the like are caused, and the detection efficiency and the detection precision are greatly improved.
The repeated accurate positioning of the sample piece is achieved through the combination of the electrolytic polishing device, the residual stress detection device and the improved working platform, firstly, the residual stress can be detected at points of different positions on the same surface of the sample piece, and secondly, the layering detection can be carried out on the same position. When the residual stress of the sample piece such as laser cladding is detected, different points of the same surface can be measured. Meanwhile, an electrolytic polishing pen is arranged beside the sample, and the sample is subjected to layering detection at the same position through accurate positioning and electrolytic polishing. And meanwhile, the polishing solution is recovered to prevent the working platform from being corroded.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the diffraction principle of the existing X-ray in the crystal.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the device for detecting residual stress by combining electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the polishing of the integrated electropolishing and residual stress detection apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a working box of the integrated electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection device of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a portion of an integrated electropolishing and residual stress detection apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an overall schematic view of an integrated electropolishing and residual stress detection apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2-6, an integrated device for electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection comprises an X-ray diffraction system 1, a detection head 11, a working platform 2, a polishing solution recovery device 71, an anti-corrosion flushing device 77, a transverse servo motor 3, a longitudinal servo motor 4, a clamp device 5, a sample 6 and an online electrolytic polishing system 7, wherein the working platform 2 is arranged below the detection head of the X-ray diffraction system 1, and the clamp device 5 for fixing the sample is arranged on the working platform and is used for fixing the sample on the working platform; the working platform is provided with a transverse servo motor 3 and a longitudinal servo motor 4, and is driven to transversely and longitudinally move by the transverse servo motor, the longitudinal servo motor and a ball screw; an online electrolytic polishing system 7 is arranged on one side of the working platform; the online electrolytic polishing system is provided with a polishing solution recovery device and an anti-corrosion flushing device.
Preferably, the online electrolytic polishing system 7 comprises a polishing solution recycling device 71, a servo motor III 72, a clamping robot 73, a clamping device 74, a force sensor 75, an electrolytic polishing pen 76 and an anti-corrosion flushing device 77, wherein the clamping robot 73 is arranged on the polishing solution recycling device 71, the servo motor III 72 is used for controlling the movement of an arm of the clamping robot, the clamping robot 73 clamps the electrolytic polishing pen 76 through the clamping device 74 of the arm and moves up and down and back and forth to a corresponding point, and the clamping device is a robot arm for clamping the electrolytic polishing pen; a force sensor 75 is arranged at the wrist of the clamping robot 73, and the force is determined; meanwhile, an anti-corrosion flushing device 77 is arranged at the lower part of the arm of the clamping robot, when the electrolytic polishing pen performs electrolytic polishing, part of electrolytic polishing liquid flows back to the original equipment through the electrolytic polishing pen, and the other part of electrolytic polishing liquid cannot overflow; the liquid sensor senses the electrolytic polishing liquid which triggers the anti-corrosion flushing device to slowly discharge water to flush overflowed, and then flows into the polishing liquid recovery device body through a water outlet on the workbench.
The working principle is as follows. As shown in fig. 2, at the beginning of the experiment, the working platform 2 is electrically driven by a transverse servo motor and a longitudinal servo motor, the accurate points of the sample 6 required to be measured are found by the user, and then the residual stress of the sample is detected by using the X-ray diffractometer system 1 according to the basic steps. If the point is measured, the feeding step by step can be realized through a servo motor, for example, for a laser cladding test piece, the measurement can be carried out along the forming direction of the test piece, the residual stress at different places in the forming process can be obtained, the repeated positioning can be realized, and the accurate detection can be carried out at different points on the same surface.
As shown in fig. 3, the working platform comprises a sample 6, a liquid detector 23, a servo motor and a drainage port, the working platform is driven by the transverse servo motor 3 and the longitudinal servo motor 4 to realize accurate moving distance, then the clamping robot 73 moves up and down and back to corresponding points by clamping the electrolytic polishing pen 76, a force sensor 7 is arranged at the wrist of the clamping robot 5, and whether the pressure of the electrolytic polishing pen on the surface of the workpiece meets the requirement is controlled by determining the force; the sample is eroded by controlling the time and the flow rate of the polishing liquid, and meanwhile, the lower part of the mechanical arm is provided with an anti-corrosion flushing device, when the electrolytic polishing pen performs electrolytic polishing, part of the electrolytic polishing liquid flows back to the original equipment through the electrolytic polishing pen, and the other part of the electrolytic polishing liquid cannot overflow. The liquid sensor senses at this time, triggers the flushing device and then slowly goes out water to wash the polishing solution that overflows, prevents the platform from being corroded. And then flows into the box body through a water outlet on the workbench.
As shown in fig. 4, a workbench is placed in the middle of the workbench, a drainage port 24 is provided on one side of the workbench, four grooves 21 are arranged on the surface of the workbench, drainage holes 22 are uniformly distributed on the grooves, and a liquid detector 23 is respectively installed in each of the four grooves and each drainage hole and is used for detecting liquid in which a part of polishing liquid flows back and another part flows out when a polishing pen polishes a sample, and then the polishing liquid after flowing out is flushed into a polishing liquid recovery device by a flushing device. The liquid detector has a liquid sensor.
As shown in FIG. 5, after the electrolytic polishing, the servo motor drives the electrolytic polishing pen to return to the original position, and drives the whole working platform to return to the original position. Then the X-ray diffractometer detects the residual stress of the depth of the original point. The experimental time is reduced, unnecessary trouble is reduced, and meanwhile, errors can be avoided as much as possible, so that the test has better accuracy.
During real-time detection, the working platform carries out transverse and longitudinal feeding according to the servo motor and the ball screw, and the point to be measured can be accurately found. When the detection of one point is finished, if the residual stress in the forming direction of the sample like laser cladding is required to be measured, the measurement can be performed again through the accurate one-point measurement of the motor driving working platform without manually searching for the moving sample. When the residual stress at a certain point is needed to be measured, the platform can be moved to one side left, then the left mechanical arm grabs the electrolytic polishing pen to move downwards and then applies a force to press the electrolytic polishing pen to the working surface to carry out electrolytic polishing, and the redundant polishing liquid can be recovered. After the electrolytic polishing is finished, the polishing device moves to the original position, and layering detection of the same position can be performed.
According to the invention, the electrolytic polishing pen can be clamped by the clamping device, the force, time and flow speed are controlled, the sample is subjected to electrolytic polishing, and online erosion and backflow are realized, and the working platform is protected; the detection device is high in precision and efficiency through the driving of the servo motor and the condition of integration.
The embodiments described above are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The integrated device for electrolytic polishing and residual stress detection comprises an X-ray diffraction system (1), a detection head (11), a working platform (2), a transverse servo motor (3), a longitudinal servo motor (4), a clamp device (5), a sample piece (6) and an online electrolytic polishing system (7), and is characterized in that the working platform (2) is arranged below the detection head of the X-ray diffraction system (1), and the clamp device (5) for fixing the sample piece is arranged on the working platform (2); the working platform is provided with a transverse servo motor (3) and a longitudinal servo motor (4), and is driven to transversely and longitudinally move through the transverse servo motor, the longitudinal servo motor and a ball screw; an online electrolytic polishing system (7) is arranged on one side of the working platform (2);
the online electrolytic polishing system (7) comprises a polishing solution recycling device (71), a servo motor III (72), a clamping robot (73), a clamping device (74), a force sensor (75), an electrolytic polishing pen (76) and an anti-corrosion flushing device (77), wherein the clamping robot (73) is arranged on the polishing solution recycling device (71), the servo motor III (72) is used for controlling the movement of an arm of the clamping robot, and the clamping robot (73) clamps the electrolytic polishing pen (76) through the clamping device (74) of the arm to move up and down and back and forth to corresponding points; a force sensor (75) is arranged at the wrist of the clamping robot (73), and the force is determined through the force sensor; meanwhile, the lower part of the arm of the clamping robot is provided with an anti-corrosion flushing device (77); the liquid sensor senses that the electrolytic polishing liquid triggering the anti-corrosion flushing device to slowly discharge water to flush overflowed water, and then flows into the polishing liquid recovery device body through a water outlet on the workbench;
a workbench is placed in the middle of the workbench, a drainage port (24) is formed in one side of the workbench, four grooves (21) are formed in the surface of the workbench, drain holes (22) are uniformly distributed in the grooves, and a liquid detector (23) is respectively arranged in each of the four grooves and each drain hole and is used for detecting liquid after one part of polishing liquid flows back and the other part flows out when a polishing pen polishes a sample, and then the polishing liquid after flowing out is flushed into a polishing liquid recovery device (71) through a flushing device.
2. The integrated electropolishing and residual stress detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein said liquid detector has a liquid sensor.
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| CN110814421B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-10-27 | 常熟市宏盛冷轧带钢有限公司 | Cold rolling foil internal stress detection equipment |
| CN111207869A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-05-29 | 航天科工防御技术研究试验中心 | Additive product residual stress testing method |
| CN111366282A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-03 | 福建工程学院 | Stress detection and analysis experiment table |
| CN113275679A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-20 | 安徽工程大学 | Electrolytic grinding machining system and method for industrial robot |
| CN113203509A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-03 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for testing residual stress of steel thin welding plate with narrow welding line characteristic |
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