CN206906117U - Electrobrightening --- X ray stress analysis test platform - Google Patents

Abstract

Electrobrightening --- X ray stress analysis test platform, belong to material welding residual stress non-destructive testing field.Mainly comprising three supporting construction, testing bench structure and clamp structure parts, each structure can be adjusted to be enabled adaptation to various sizes of treat geodesic structure test platform.The characteristics of otherwise for welding residual stress skewness, rotation shaft design is added to meet stress of the measurement along different directions, the experiment porch structure design simple and flexible, is easy to make and assembles.The platform simultaneously being capable of device electrobrightening equipment and X ray stress test equipment, both functions are integrated, on the premise of X ray stress test standard is met, measuring accuracy is all compared with efficiency to be significantly improved with operation electrobrightening and X ray stress test respectively, has important practical significance.

Description

Electrobrightening --- X ray stress analysis test platform

Technical field

The utility model belongs to material welding residual stress non-destructive testing field, develops surface treatment and X ray stress The platform of analysis integrated processing；The platform is applied to welded surface electrobrightening and stress measurement, and is related to its use Method.

Background technology

In recent years, developing rapidly with China's industrial technology, manufacturing industry such as automobile, ship, power station, the aviation boat in China The numerous areas such as it proposes more stringent requirement to welded variation, complication and reliability.Weld conduct The important component of material processing, have compared with bolt connection and riveting light weight, it is closed it is good, that intensity is high etc. is many excellent Point, its related technique, structure design and performance evaluation receive much concern all the time.Welding technique is of the same race or foreign material Be used in combination by heating or pressurizeing or both, using or inapplicable packing material, the material of workpiece is tied between reaching atom The technique closed and form permanent connection.As can be seen here, welding process is the process of a local non-uniform heat flux, by welding Thermal stress can be produced inside welding structure after thermal source local heating, the metal through superheating process is changed due to microstructure (transformation stress) or because the different of conduction heat transfer produce welded interior change under the constraint of structure, and thus produce Raw postwelding residual deformation and residual stress.With the raising of welded complexity, the constraint in structure becomes significantly, structure Internal residual stress and metaboly is also more obvious, and influence of the residual stress to whole welded reliability is just brighter It is aobvious.The rigidity, strong of structure will be influenced whether by the defective workmanship (such as fire check, stress corrosion etc.) that welding residual stress triggers Degree, fatigue life and dimensional stability, so as to cause reliability of structure to reduce.New material species is various, welding structure is got over Hair is complicated, today that welding procedure is advanced all the more, welding product reliability requirement is strict all the more, to residual stress of welded structure Effectively analysis is the important step of welding technique development.

In order to postwelding residual stress more effectively, accurately analyze to welding structure, the survey of many residual stress Method for testing arises at the historic moment.Classification for method of testing has been segmented into detection method and lossless detection method from big direction. The principle for damaging detection method is to stick foil gauge or strain gauge around the position for needing measurement remnant stress first, then It will need to test being partially stripped out or splitting for residual stress, pass through foil gauge and measure the front and rear strain of material separation Variable quantity calculate the residual stress of test point because be to carry out calculating residual stress by the strain of macroscopic token, because This its measuring accuracy is higher, but material is destroyed, and has influence on the normal use of welding product, and can not be to same Position carries out replica test, due to needing installation foil gauge in advance and needing to carry out material separation.Therefore to material geometry knot Structure has certain requirement, damages detection method and mainly takes bar method, deep hole method etc. including boring method (Blind Hole Method), ring core method, cutting Deng.Lossless detection method is the relation of the physical characteristic and ess-strain using material, is joined by some physics for measuring material Several changes to calculate the residual stress of material.Lossless detection method mainly includes X-ray diffraction method, neutron diffraction method, magnetic Method, ultrasonic method.Wherein X-ray diffraction method and neutron diffraction method are all the diffraction knots by directly being obtained to microcosmic lattice strain Fruit, then calculate by the relation of microcosmic lattice deformability and macro-stress the numerical value of residual stress.Using the measurement of this principle Method need not destroy material, by finding the target to match with measured material and incidence angle, ray by adjusting ray The parameters such as intensity, angle of oscillation, you can effectively measured the residual stress of material.The advantages of this method, is that of avoiding material The destruction of material, do not influence the normal use of product, can multiplicating property measurement, ray spot diameter is small, test probe is flexible, There is no particular/special requirement substantially to the geometry of material, be more applicable for various welded stress measurements and analysis.Lack Point is due to by measuring microcosmic distortion of lattice, therefore the accuracy measured is relatively low；Spot diameter is smaller, to material Finish, the roughness on surface have higher requirement.In summary, the method for X-ray diffraction in nondestructive determination is promoted to enter The development of one step is far-reaching.

In order to solve the processing before X ray stress analysis to material surface, and respective table can be carried out immediately after treatment The problem of stress analysis of face processing position, need a kind of test platform of design badly, can either flexibly and accurately handle material table The roughness in face, X ray stress analysis can be carried out after treatment again, while realize two kinds of functions, be X ray stress analysis Easy provides good approach.Therefore, the utility model establishes electrobrightening-X ray stress analysis test platform, with And its application method.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to establish a material surface processing and two function synthesizeds of X ray stress analysis Test platform.Wherein use electrobrightening, i.e., in electrolyte solution environment, pass through control for the surface treatment method of material Electrobrightening time, the microspike (part of out-of-flatness) of material surface can dissolve in advance, the oil of the part attachment of out-of-flatness Dirty, rust stain can be electrolysed in electrolyte solution, then whole material surface tends to be smooth bright and clean, is easy to further X ray stress point Analysis.By adjusting the transmitted intensity and angle of diffraction of X ray, the suitable diffraction parameters matched with detected materials are found so as to obtain Excellent diffraction maximum, by the way that the residual stress of test point is calculated, so as to obtain accurate residual stress.

The utility model establishes a test platform, and the platform is made up of three major parts：The supporting construction of platform, Rotatory testboard structure, electrobrightening supporting structure.

Platform structure plays a part of fixed platform and regulation height；The as base of bottom, including four branch Bracer (6) and cuboid supporter (7), cuboid supporter are hollow cylindrical cavity；Four support blocks are located at cuboid branch The bottom surface of support body is used to support cuboid supporter, is bolted and can adjust the bearing height of cuboid supporter； Vertical four support blocks of cylindrical cavity axle of cuboid supporter；

Rotatory testboard structure includes platform axis of rotation (9), testboard (10) and is available for installing electrobrightening branch frame rail Road (5) three parts, it is the core of whole test platform, test measured point is studied horizontal and vertical residual by rotating shaft Residue stress, and fixing postrotational rotating shaft by hex bolts prevents platform rocks from causing measurement error；Platform axis of rotation (9) is One cylinder, platform axis of rotation (9) are located in the cylindrical cavity of cuboid supporter, and platform axis of rotation (9) is relative to cuboid Supporter is rotatable and fixed；Testboard (10) is fixed in the upper cylinder end face of platform axis of rotation (9), and testboard (10) is with rectangular Shape plate, the side or relative both sides of testboard (10) table top are provided with electrobrightening bracket slide track (5)；Electrobrightening support Sliding rail section be drum structure long projection；

Electrobrightening supporting structure is configured with electrobrightening bracket track, electrobrightening supporting structure includes longitudinal extension Bar (11), transversal stretching bar (12), circular binding clasp (13)；The lower surface of longitudinal extension bar (11) is provided with and electrobrightening support The groove (8) that sliding rail matches；The top of longitudinal extension bar (11) is also equipped with a transversal stretching bar (12), transversal stretching The axial top of bar (12) is fixed with circular binding clasp (13).Binding clasp (3) is additionally provided with testboard (10).

Four sides of cuboid supporter (7) are respectively equipped with a cuboid supporter bolt hole (1), platform axis of rotation (9) four end points of two vertical diameters are respectively equipped with a platform axis of rotation bolt hole (2) so that platform axis of rotation (9) after carrying out 90 ° of rotations, bolt positioning can be carried out by cuboid supporter bolt hole (1) and platform axis of rotation bolt hole (2) It is fixed.

By GB M14 bolt connections between its supporter and support block, totally four, recess is left to insert in support block bottom Enter spanner regulating bolt tightness, the relative angle that the actual environment regulation support block placed according to test platform is opened.

Bolt connection between supporter and rotary shaft is provided with pad, and ensures to leave corresponding surplus.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are：The knob between electrobrightening equipment and X ray stress analysis equipment is built Band, two single processes are combined into one, the job step of X ray test stress can be effectively simplified, shorten the operating time, The efficiency of stress test is improved, and carries out that " amount body is set the characteristics of the postwelding residual stress distribution that combines weldment is uneven Meter ", ensure that the accuracy of stress test while testing efficiency is improved；Meanwhile this test platform is also common to other and added In the case of work (such as：Rolling, shot-peening) residual stress measurement, there is extensive versatility and adaptability.

Electrobrightening --- the application method of X ray stress test platform, specifically include following steps：

Step 1：Test platform is assembled first, builds test platform；

Step 2：Sample to be tested is placed on testboard, and is fixed with fastener；

Step 3：Electrobrightening is popped one's head in the circular binding clasp of insertion test bracket, determine electrobrightening probe fastening；

Step 4：It is determined that the target point to be tested, moves telescope support to target point on guide rail；Electrobrightening is popped one's head in It is against in test point, opens electrobrightening equipment, be surface-treated.Handled and marked according to GB/T7704-2008 patterned surface Standard, surface must not have dirt, oil film, rear oxidation layer and additional stress layer, and surface roughness should be less than 10 μm, mobile test branch Frame terminates surface treatment to track side；

Step 5：Independent X ray stress analysis instrument is adjusted to electrobrightening --- X ray stress analysis test platform Side, the position of X ray stress analysis instrument is adjusted, test probe is moved to above the target point to be tested, through diagonal, input Test parameter, X ray stress test is carried out, obtain test point and stress value on direction is waved in test probe；

Step 6：The bolt on base is screwed out, 90 ° of rotatory testboards insert bolt, and test obtains stress and existed With the numerical value in perpendicular direction in step 5.So as to obtain the more complete stress test data of the test point.

Mainly for welding structure because of nonuniform heating and caused by longitudinal direction (along bead direction) and transverse direction (perpendicular to weld seam Direction) uneven therefore to be tested twice of stress distribution analyze variation tendency respectively, if material surface be uniform stressed (such as Forge piece), then it can directly test direction.

Brief description of the drawings:

Fig. 1：Electrobrightening --- X ray stress analysis platform three-view diagram；

Fig. 2：Test platform base schematic diagram；

Fig. 3：Testboard and test tracks schematic diagram；

Fig. 4：Test bracket schematic diagram；

Fig. 5：X ray stress equipment schematic diagram；

Fig. 6：Electrobrightening equipment schematic；

Fig. 7：The scale diagrams of test plate (panel) to be measured in experiment embodiment；

(a) sheet material overall dimensions are tested；(b) groove type

Fig. 8：Two kinds of constraints schematic diagrames in experiment embodiment；

(a) reversed deformation constrains；(b) backboard constraint is added

Fig. 9：The position distribution schematic diagram of test point in experiment embodiment；

Figure 10：The distribution map of longitudinal residual stress transversely in experiment embodiment；

Figure 11：Longitudinal residual stress is along genesis analysis figure in experiment embodiment；

Figure 12：Horizontal residual stress transversely distribution map in experiment embodiment；

Figure 13：Horizontal residual stress is along genesis analysis figure in experiment embodiment.

Description of reference numerals：

1-cuboid supporter bolt hole；2-platform axis of rotation bolt hole；3-binding clasp；4-electrobrightening is popped one's head in； 5-sliding rail；6-support block；7-supporter；8-groove；9-platform axis of rotation；10-testboard；11-longitudinal extension Bar；12-transversal stretching bar；13-circular binding clasp.

Embodiment：

With reference to specific embodiment to the new further explanation of this industry, but it is not limited to following examples.

Embodiment 1

Electrobrightening support walking track and X ray probe track are easy to be surface-treated the everywhere of material surface And follow-up stress test；Electrobrightening support is then to confine set by the additional annular of vertical support bar and horizontal Stretchable operation bar Composition, support bar is provided with to be easy to polish support speech track movement with the groove that track mutually agrees with, and horizontal extension bar can arrive at material The distal end of material carries out the electrobrightening processing on measured point surface, and circular sleeve can be fixed by screws in horizontal extension support On, the elastic of sleeve is carried out by cross screw.To ensure that whole test platform can be long-term use of, and proof strength, use Material is fixture versatile material.Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of test platform.

Floor portions are base, are bolted by four support blocks with cube supporter, and support block size is 150 × 50 × 25mm, the screwed hole of four gauge orifice screw thread mouth M14 (GB) is produced, pass through rotary screw adjustable support base Highly, it is easy to adjust the whole height of test platform after assembling.Cube supporter size is that length and width is 150mm, Height 120mm, the center of four outer walls of cube is the threaded line of standard threaded aperture M20 (GB) specification of tapping, as test The postrotational positioner of platform, it is 90 ° to ensure the anglec of rotation, and cubical upper and lower surface is passed through by diameter 100mm cylinder Logical, this is the joint portion with testboard, and cube base is to carry out follow-up rotary test testboard to carry out transverse and longitudinal ray test Important component.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of test platform base portion.

The center section of test platform is rotatory testboard structure, is the core texture of whole test platform, testboard bottom Portion is the high 100mm of diameter 100mm cylinder, is matched with testing base, in bottom, cylinder circumference is processed as base Equally four M20 screwed holes of distribution, by rotating testboard, and screwed in screwed hole and be fixed by hex bolts, cylinder Body is used as " rotary shaft ", and bolt is used as " fix bar ", and the horizontal and vertical residual stress to weldment is realized by rotatable platform Measurement.It is 250 × 250 × 30mm platform at the top of testboard, is placement and fixes weldment and the part of test tracks, Platform can carry out size adjustment according to the size of actual welding part.Prolonged plateau degree direction is provided with M5 screwed holes, it is intended to uses screw Stationary electrolysis polishes tradition road and test probe track.Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of test platform.Test tracks are designed as " work " son Type, match with testboard and same spacing M5 screwed hole is set, be easy to be fixed on testboard.Electrobrightening track-span degree Direction is symmetrical at testboard both ends, and weldment is placed on the testboard between track, is carried out using platform clamping mechanism It is fixed, it is easy to electrobrightening instrument to be surface-treated successively to weldment along orbital path.According to the lossless inspection put into effect in 2008 Survey the national standard of X ray stress determination method《GB/T 7704-2008》Operations are carried out on testboard.Fig. 3 is test The schematic diagram of platform and sliding rail.

The test branch for stationary electrolysis polissoir being coupled with its I-shaped is installed on the track of testboard Frame.Test bracket is mainly made up of vertical rod and cross bar two parts.Vertical rod is the portion to play a supporting role being coupled with track Part, vertical rod are stretchy rod, and height can be adjusted by the spiral knob of side, and vertical rod bottom, which can be inserted into track, to be met The needs to slidably reciprocate.The top of vertical rod is cuboid slot, and for inserting cross bar, crossbar design turns into expansion link, can passed through Adjustment stroke reaches target point and is surface-treated, and head is circular binding clasp, for the polishing probe of stationary electrolysis polishing. The utility model focuses on considering flexibility and the reliability of electrolysis effectiveness of electrobrightening probe, therefore test bracket employs Telescopically adjustable member structure.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of test bracket.

X-ray equipment includes mechanical mechanism and plant mechanics and power-supply system, and mechanical structure ensures X ray test probe Flexible movement, including height and waved along symmetry axis both sides, it is ensured that for the accurate diffraction of ray with receiving, X ray should The equipment schematic of power analyzer (considers the complexity of equipment, only shows test probe part and some mechanical as shown in Figure 5 Part).Schematic diagram includes semicircle swinging structure and stretching structure, measuring head and arc guide rail, and installed in guide rail The receiver of both sides.

Electrobrightening equipment includes power control system, electrolyte container, electrobrightening probe, the principle of electrobrightening instrument Figure switches on power as shown in fig. 6, after electrolytic polishing liquid is added, the motor driving electrolysis liquid recycle stream in electric-control system It is dynamic, by polishing probe and test material joint, " galvanic cell " structure is formed between electrolyte and electrode, is treated by ionization Greasy dirt, rusty stain and the microspike of metal surface are surveyed, gradually causes the surface of material to tend to be bright and clean.The original of electrobrightening equipment It is as shown in Figure 6 to manage schematic diagram.

The welding structure of test provided by the utility model is that thickness of slab 15mm 316L austenitic stainless steels flat board connects Head.Test piece for welding dimensions length is 200mm, and width 80mm, groove type is 8 ° of the U-shaped groove of narrow gap, and root face height is 1.5mm, test plate (panel) structure and groove type are as shown in fig. 7, welding procedure uses all positon pulse of Canadian LIBURDI companies TIG automatic welders, packing material select the ER316LSi welding wire close with matrix constituent.

Research tests the residual stress distribution situation under two kinds of constraints：Be respectively prefabricated point of deformation condition and and add Add backboard condition.And thus embody the advantage using electrobrightening-X ray stress analysis test platform.

The position of the test point to be tested and the quantity of test point, the distribution of test point are determined on banjo fixing butt jointing surface first As shown in Fig. 9 schematic diagrames.The docking steel plate for determining test point is placed on the testboard of test platform, and passes through fastener It is fixed.Track and support for sliding electrobrightening probe is installed on testboard, probe is pressed on test point Position on.Open electrolysis and throw the electrobrightening processing of instrument progress one by one.When the surface roughness of all positions to be measured in surface reaches To after the requirement of X ray stress test, electrobrightening step is completed, and is now started X ray stress analysis instrument and is carried out stress survey Amount.Position by adjusting mechanical arm carry out weld longitudinal residual stress test one by one, and obtain stress variation trend such as Figure 10, Shown in Figure 11.The located lateral bolt on base is removed, turntable (together with the test plate (panel) fixed) is rotated 90 degree and screwed in Bolt is fixed again.And the mechanical arm for adjusting x-ray instrument carries out the test of horizontal residual stress to tested point, obtains such as figure 12nd, the distribution curve of stress figure shown in Figure 13.

No change along the welding heat source side of movement is constrained using backboard constraint and reversed deformation by test result discovery To constraints, therefore the size of longitudinal measure residual stress and characteristic distributions are approximate, and compare horizontal residual stress, by The variation tendency of residual stress is identical in nearly welded seam area, gradual in the stress variation away from the constraint of welded seam area reversed deformation Tend to initial value and backboard constraint can not deform therefore deposit because the region away from cold wind is still firmly fixed weldment In certain tension.

Found in test process, using test platform by it is very big shorten adjust the location of workpiece and various test parameters when Between, test bracket can be accurately positioned the position of tested point, instead of the unstability of hand-held electrobrightening probe；For inconvenience In the hand-held thick big plate moved, after measurement finishes longitudinal residual stress, accurately 90 ° of progress are turned over it is difficult to manually move The measurement of horizontal residual stress, and use the rotational structure of test platform to be pin-pointed to laterally remaining answer easily and fast The test position of power, measured by conventional manual measurement and application platform, nearly two points can be saved for same weldment One of time, the testing efficiency of the residual stress greatly improved, move than manual electrobrightening and manually weldment in addition The data obtained is more accurate.Therefore embodying electrobrightening-X ray stress test platform has higher practical value.

Embodiments above is further detailed description of the utility model, it is impossible to is assert of the present utility model Specific implementation is confined to described above, for the utility model person of an ordinary skill in the technical field, is not taking off Some deductions can also be made on the premise of from the utility model design and principle and remodeling is replaced, should all be considered as belonging to this reality With new protection domain.

Claims (3)

1. electrobrightening --- X ray stress analysis test platform, it is characterised in that be made up of three major parts：Platform Supporting construction, rotatory testboard structure, electrobrightening supporting structure；

Platform structure plays a part of fixed platform and regulation height；The as base of bottom, including four support blocks (6) and cuboid supporter (7), cuboid supporter are hollow cylindrical cavity；Four support blocks are located at cuboid supporter Bottom surface be used for support cuboid supporter, be bolted and can adjust the bearing height of cuboid supporter；It is rectangular Vertical four support blocks of cylindrical cavity axle of body supporter；

Rotatory testboard structure includes platform axis of rotation (9), testboard (10) and is available for installing electrobrightening bracket track (5) Three parts, it is the core of whole test platform, is answered by rotating shaft to study test measured point in horizontal and vertical remnants Power, and fixing postrotational rotating shaft by hex bolts prevents platform rocks from causing measurement error；Platform axis of rotation (9) is a circle Cylinder, platform axis of rotation (9) are located in the cylindrical cavity of cuboid supporter, and platform axis of rotation (9) supports relative to cuboid Body is rotatable and fixed；Testboard (10) is fixed in the upper cylinder end face of platform axis of rotation (9), and testboard (10) is with rectangle Plate, the side or relative both sides of testboard (10) table top are provided with electrobrightening bracket slide track (5)；Electrobrightening support Sliding rail section is the long projection of drum structure；

Electrobrightening supporting structure is configured with electrobrightening bracket track, electrobrightening supporting structure includes longitudinal extension bar (11), transversal stretching bar (12), circular binding clasp (13)；The lower surface of longitudinal extension bar (11) is provided with to be slided with electrobrightening support The groove (8) that dynamic rail road matches；The top of longitudinal extension bar (11) is also equipped with a transversal stretching bar (12), transversal stretching bar (12) axial top is fixed with circular binding clasp (13)；Binding clasp (3) is additionally provided with testboard (10).

2. according to the electrobrightening described in claim 1 --- X ray stress analysis test platform, it is characterised in that cuboid Four sides of supporter (7) are respectively equipped with a cuboid supporter bolt hole (1), and two of platform axis of rotation (9) are vertical Four end points of diameter be respectively equipped with a platform axis of rotation bolt hole (2) so that platform axis of rotation (9) carries out 90 ° of rotations Afterwards, bolt positioning can be carried out by cuboid supporter bolt hole (1) and platform axis of rotation bolt hole (2) to fix.

3. according to the electrobrightening described in claim 1 --- X ray stress analysis test platform, it is characterised in that supporter By GB M14 bolt connections between support block, totally four, recess is left to insert spanner regulating bolt pine in support block bottom Tight degree, the relative angle that the actual environment regulation support block placed according to test platform is opened.