CN109938301B - Fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with blood sugar reducing effect and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with a hypoglycemic effect and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of food processing, and the buccal tablet comprises 40-60 parts of fermented pomelo peel, 1-7 parts of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves, 5-15 parts of fingered citron, 5-15 parts of hovenia dulcis, 5-10 parts of starch and 2-5 parts of mannitol in parts by weight; the fermented pericarpium Citri Grandis is obtained by performing solid fermentation on pericarpium Citri Grandis with yeast, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus aculeatus. The buccal tablet is fresh and tasty, is rich in functional components of pericarpium Citri Grandis, is nutritious, has obvious blood sugar lowering effect, and has no toxic and side effects. The preparation method is simple, green and environment-friendly, and is beneficial to popularization and use in the food industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to fermented pomelo peel buccal tablets with a blood sugar reducing effect and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Today's concept of minimizing, recovering and reusing agricultural by-products is receiving widespread attention as opposed to past situations where agricultural by-products were improperly disposed of. In China, the number of byproducts of agriculture or food industry such as bagasse, bran, pericarp, seeds and the like is gradually increased. Over the past decade, there has been a rapid increase in the residue yield of citrus fruit processing, mainly due to the rapid development of citrus plant growing and beverage processing industries. In 2016, the area of planted pomelo is about 105640 hectare, the yield of pomelo fruits is about 4800000 tons, 30-40% of the pomelo peel is obtained, and the amount of waste generated by the pomelo food processing industry is 49-69% of the original fruits. The byproducts (such as pericarp, seed and residue) are rich in functional factors (such as polyphenol, flavone and limonene), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other dietary fiber polysaccharides, and researches at home and abroad find that the diet rich in polyphenol, flavone and dietary fiber can improve the gastrointestinal tract health, resist oxidation, delay aging, and prevent cancers, heart diseases, stroke, obesity and related complications. Therefore, there has been a trend to convert "waste" into "gold" or "health-beneficial products", and in recent years raw materials rich in antioxidant phenolic compounds have been widely used in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with hypoglycemic effect; the second purpose is to provide a preparation method of the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with the function of reducing blood sugar.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with the blood sugar reducing effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of fermented pomelo peel, 1-7 parts of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves, 5-15 parts of fingered citron, 5-15 parts of hovenia dulcis, 5-10 parts of starch and 2-5 parts of mannitol; the fermented pomelo peel is obtained by performing combined solid state fermentation on the pomelo peel by using saccharomycetes, aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus.
Preferably, the buccal tablet comprises the following components in parts by weight: 58.75 parts of fermented pomelo peel, 6.25 parts of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves, 10 parts of fingered citron, 10 parts of hovenia dulcis, 10 parts of starch and 5 parts of mannitol.
Preferably, the preparation method of the fermented pomelo peel comprises the following steps: preferably, the effective viable count is 5 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel5-6×108The effective viable count of yeast suspension is 1.5 × 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel6-3.6×108The effective viable count of the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 1.2 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1.5mL/100g of shaddock peel6-3.7×108Uniformly mixing the three bacteria solutions, uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the inner pulp of the shaddock peel with the water content of 12-28%, and finally fermenting for 32-40h under the conditions that the humidity is 75-80% and the temperature is 28-32 ℃.
Preferably, the effective viable count is 5.5 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel7The effective viable count of yeast suspension is 2.7 × 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel7The effective viable count of Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 5.8 × 10 according to the dosage of 1.5mL/100g shaddock peel7Uniformly mixing the three bacteria liquids, uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the inner pulp layer of the shaddock peel with the water content of 26%, and finally fermenting for 38 hours under the conditions that the humidity is 78% and the temperature is 28 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation method of the mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves comprises the following steps: mixing ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves according to a weight ratio of 10:2:1, crushing to obtain a mixture, adding 25-35 times of water by weight into the mixture, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 35-45min under the conditions that the ultrasonic power is 100-200W and the temperature is 75-95 ℃, and finally concentrating to obtain a mixture extract of the ginger, the lonicera confusa and the pepper leaves.
Preferably, after the concentration, 1g of the extract corresponds to 2.0-4.0g of crude drug.
2. The preparation method of the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with the hypoglycemic effect comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing fermented pomelo peel to obtain fermented pomelo peel powder, then uniformly mixing the fermented pomelo peel powder, ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaf mixture extract, fingered citron, hovenia dulcis, starch and mannitol, and directly tabletting to obtain the pomelo peel powder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with the blood sugar reducing effect is prepared by performing combined solid state fermentation on pomelo peel by yeast, aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus, can effectively improve the retention rate of pomelo peel essential oil, release more naringin and prevent the naringin from being degraded by the combined solid state fermentation, can also improve the content of active ingredients such as soluble dietary fiber, aroma components, polyphenol, reducing sugar and the like, and prevent the degradation of the original bioactive components in the pomelo peel, and the dissolved soluble dietary fiber and the naringin can better regulate the blood sugar. In addition, the ginger, the lonicera confusa and the pepper leaves are mixed and crushed to prepare an extract, the three raw materials are mixed and crushed and then subjected to ultrasonic-assisted heating extraction, active ingredients in the extract, such as polysaccharide, gingerol, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, hyperoside and the like, can be fully released, and the ingredients are easy to form stable compounds or glucoside and the like in the high-temperature extraction process, so that the synergistic hypoglycemic effect is better exerted. The essential oil, naringin and macromolecular pectin and polysaccharide (from fermented naringin), gingerol and compound glycoside (from mixture extract), limonene, terpenoid, bergamot flavone (from bergamot), triterpenoid saponin, active polysaccharide and alkaloid (from hovenia dulcis thunb) have synergistic effect, the blood sugar reducing effect of the final product is improved, and the finally prepared buccal tablet has obvious blood sugar reducing effect. The buccal tablet is fresh and tasty, is rich in functional components of pericarpium Citri Grandis, is nutritious, has obvious blood sugar lowering effect, and has no toxic and side effects. The preparation method is simple, green and environment-friendly, and is beneficial to popularization and use in the food industry.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of measurement of the contents of soluble dietary fibers, reducing sugars and naringin in the yeast-fermented grapefruit peel, the Aspergillus niger-fermented grapefruit peel, the Aspergillus aculeatus-fermented grapefruit peel, the fermented grapefruit peel prepared in example 1 and the grapefruit peel having an unfermented moisture content of 26%.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with a hypoglycemic effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 58.75 parts of fermented pomelo peel, 6.25 parts of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves, 10 parts of fingered citron, 10 parts of hovenia dulcis, 10 parts of starch and 5 parts of mannitol.
The buccal tablet is prepared by the following method: firstly, crushing fermented pomelo peel at 4 ℃ to obtain fermented pomelo peel powder, then mixing the fermented pomelo peel powder with a mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves, fingered citron, hovenia dulcis, starch and mannitol, and directly tabletting, wherein the tablet weight is 0.5 g/tablet.
The preparation method of the fermented pomelo peel comprises the following steps: preferably, the effective viable count is 5.5 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel7The effective viable count of yeast suspension is 2.7 × 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel7The effective viable count of Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 5.8 × 10 according to the dosage of 1.5mL/100g shaddock peel7Uniformly mixing the three bacteria liquids, uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the inner pulp layer of the shaddock peel with the water content of 26%, and finally fermenting for 38 hours under the conditions that the humidity is 78% and the temperature is 28 ℃.
The preparation method of the mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves comprises the following steps: mixing ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves according to a weight ratio of 10:2:1, then crushing at 4 ℃ to obtain a mixture, adding 25 times of water by weight into the mixture, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 40min under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 160W and temperature of 85 ℃, and finally concentrating until 1g of extract is equivalent to 2.0g of crude drug to obtain the mixture extract of the ginger, the lonicera confusa and the pepper leaves.
Example 2
A fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with a hypoglycemic effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of fermented pomelo peel, 7 parts of ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaf mixture extract, 5 parts of fingered citron, 5 parts of hovenia dulcis, 10 parts of starch and 5 parts of mannitol.
The buccal tablet is prepared by the following method: firstly, crushing fermented pomelo peel at 4 ℃ to obtain fermented pomelo peel powder, then mixing the fermented pomelo peel powder with a mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves, fingered citron, hovenia dulcis, starch and mannitol, and directly tabletting, wherein the tablet weight is 0.5 g/tablet.
The preparation method of the fermented pomelo peel comprises the following steps: preferably, the effective viable count is 5 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel5The effective viable count of yeast suspension is 1.5 × 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel6The effective viable count of the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 1.2 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1.5mL/100g of shaddock peel6Uniformly mixing the three bacteria solutions, uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the inner pulp of the shaddock peel with the water content of 12%, and finally fermenting for 32 hours under the conditions that the humidity is 75% and the temperature is 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves comprises the following steps: mixing ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves according to a weight ratio of 10:2:1, then crushing at 4 ℃ to obtain a mixture, adding 30 times of water by weight into the mixture, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 45min under the conditions of an ultrasonic power of 100W and a temperature of 95 ℃, and finally concentrating until 1g of extract is equivalent to 4.0g of crude drug to obtain the mixture extract of the ginger, the lonicera confusa and the pepper leaves.
Example 3
A fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with a hypoglycemic effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of fermented pomelo peel, 1 part of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves, 15 parts of fingered citron, 15 parts of hovenia dulcis, 5 parts of starch and 2 parts of mannitol.
The buccal tablet is prepared by the following method: firstly, crushing fermented pomelo peel at 4 ℃ to obtain fermented pomelo peel powder, then mixing the fermented pomelo peel powder with a mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves, fingered citron, hovenia dulcis, starch and mannitol, and directly tabletting, wherein the tablet weight is 0.5 g/tablet.
The preparation method of the fermented pomelo peel comprises the following steps: preferably, the effective viable count is 6 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel8The effective viable count of yeast suspension is 3.6 × 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel8The effective viable count of the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 3.7 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1.5mL/100g of shaddock peel8Uniformly mixing the three bacteria liquids, uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the inner pulp of the shaddock peel with the water content of 28%, and finally fermenting for 40 hours under the conditions that the humidity is 80% and the temperature is 32 ℃.
The preparation method of the mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves comprises the following steps: mixing ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves according to a weight ratio of 10:2:1, then crushing at 4 ℃ to obtain a mixture, adding 35 times of water by weight into the mixture, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 35min under the conditions of an ultrasonic power of 200W and a temperature of 75 ℃, and finally concentrating until 1g of extract is equivalent to 3.0g of crude drug to obtain the mixture extract of the ginger, the lonicera confusa and the pepper leaves.
Example 4
Taking the effective viable count of 5.5 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel7Uniformly spraying yeast suspension/mL on the surface of the inner pulp layer of the pomelo peel with water content of 26%, and maintaining at a humidity of 78% and a temperature of 28 deg.CFermenting for 38h under the condition of the yeast to obtain the yeast fermented pomelo peel.
Taking the effective viable count of 2.7 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel7Uniformly spraying the Aspergillus niger spore suspension per mL on the surface of the inner pulp of the pomelo peel with the water content of 26%, and fermenting for 38h under the conditions that the humidity is 78% and the temperature is 28 ℃ to obtain the Aspergillus niger fermented pomelo peel.
Taking the effective viable count of 5.8 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1.5mL/100g shaddock peel7Uniformly spraying the Aspergillus aculeatus spore suspension per mL on the surface of the inner pulp of the pomelo peel with the water content of 26%, and fermenting for 38h under the conditions that the humidity is 78% and the temperature is 28 ℃ to obtain the Aspergillus aculeatus fermented pomelo peel.
Then, the contents of soluble dietary fiber, reducing sugar and naringin in the prepared yeast-fermented pomelo peel, aspergillus niger-fermented pomelo peel, aspergillus aculeatus-fermented pomelo peel and the fermented pomelo peel prepared in example 1 and the pomelo peel with the unfermented moisture content of 26% are respectively tested, and the test results are shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the contents of the soluble dietary fiber, the reducing sugar and the naringin in the pomelo peel are all obviously increased after the pomelo peel is subjected to the solid state fermentation by the combination of yeast, aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus; the yeast has poor fermentation effect, and the content of soluble dietary fiber, reducing sugar and naringin in the shaddock peel is not increased basically; aspergillus niger or Aspergillus aculeatus fermentation is an effective method for producing naringinase, and can obviously reduce the content of naringin in the shaddock peel, so that the efficacy of the shaddock peel is greatly reduced. Because of adopting yeast, aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus to unite the solid state fermentation, the rapid propagation and fermentation of the yeast can limit and inhibit the decomposition of naringin by naringinase produced by the aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus, and simultaneously, cellulase produced by the aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus can degrade cellulose in the shaddock ped to provide rich culture nutrients for yeast fermentation, and the two promote each other, in addition, the shaddock ped is composed of two parts: the fermentation efficiency is improved by the aid of the method, the outer layer (outer layer is green) and the inner layer pulp (white), wherein the inner layer pulp is soft in texture and has a net-shaped pore structure, strong adsorption characteristics of the inner layer pulp of the pomelo peel are fully utilized, and yeast, aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus are adsorbed on the surface of the inner layer pulp and can be adsorbed into net-shaped pores of the inner layer pulp.
Example 5
58.75 parts of shaddock peel with the water content of 26 percent, 6.25 parts of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves, 10 parts of fingered citron, 10 parts of hovenia dulcis, 10 parts of starch and 5 parts of mannitol, and directly tabletting, wherein the weight of each tablet is 0.5 g, and the buccal tablet containing the unfermented shaddock peel is prepared.
6.25 parts of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves, 10 parts of fingered citron, 10 parts of hovenia dulcis, 10 parts of starch and 5 parts of mannitol, and directly tabletting, wherein the weight of each tablet is 0.5 g, so that the buccal tablet without pomelo peel is prepared.
After 140 mice are fasted for 14 hours, firstly, 120 mice are randomly selected, and each mouse is injected with alloxan in an intraperitoneal injection manner according to the injection amount of 200mg/kg bw.d to serve as an experimental group; the remaining 20 of each animals were injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline at an injection rate of 200mg/kg bw d, and used as a blank control group. After the model is molded for 3d, fasting blood glucose of each mouse in the experimental group is measured after 12h, and the success of the model molding is determined when the blood glucose value is more than or equal to 11.1 mmol/L. Randomly dividing each mouse in the experimental group after successful molding into 6 groups, wherein each mouse in the 1 st group is fed with the diabetes pill according to the feeding amount of 500mg/kg bw.d to be used as a model drug group, and each group comprises 20 mice; feeding each mouse in the group 2 with the shaddock peel buccal tablets prepared in the example 1 according to the feeding amount of 200mg/kg bw d to serve as a low-dose group containing fermented shaddock peel buccal tablets; feeding each mouse in the group 3 with the shaddock peel buccal tablets prepared in the example 1 according to the feeding amount of 500mg/kg bw.d to serve as a high-dose group containing fermented shaddock peel buccal tablets; feeding the buccal tablets containing the unfermented pomelo peel into each mouse in the group 4 according to the feeding amount of 500mg/kg bw.d to serve as a buccal tablet group containing the unfermented pomelo peel; feeding buccal tablets without pomelo peel to each mouse in the group 5 according to the feeding amount of 500mg/kg bw.d to serve as buccal tablet groups without pomelo peel; feeding physiological saline into each mouse in the 6 th group according to the feeding amount of 500mg/kg bw d to serve as a model control group; each mouse in the blank control group was fed with physiological saline at a feeding rate of 500mg/kg bw d. After treatment, the mice of each group are fed according to a conventional mode, water and food are freely drunk during feeding, the mice of each group are fasted for 10 hours until the 28 th day, eyeballs are removed, blood is taken, serum is separated, and various indexes of blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, serum glutathione peroxidase and serum superoxide dismutase are measured by adopting a rapid kit, and the test result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Note: ns indicates no significant difference (P > 0.05) compared to the model drug group and + indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) compared to the model drug group.
As can be seen from Table 1, all diabetic model mice had blood glucose levels significantly higher than those of the blank control group. The blood sugar level of mice containing the buccal tablet group containing the unfermented pomelo peel and the buccal tablet group containing no pomelo peel is close to that of a model control group, and the buccal tablet group containing the unfermented pomelo peel shows a certain blood sugar reducing effect but has poor effect; the blood sugar level of mice in the low-dose group containing the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablets and the blood sugar level of mice in the high-dose group containing the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablets are close to that of the model drug group, and compared with the model drug group, the mice have no significant difference, and the effect of the high-dose group is better.
Compared with a model control group, the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels of mice in the low-dose group containing the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablets and the high-dose group containing the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablets are obviously reduced and are close to the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels of mice in the model drug group. The activity of serum glutathione peroxidase and serum superoxide dismutase of the solid-state fermentation pomelo peel containing a tablet low-dose group and a high-dose group is obviously improved.
Compared with a blank control group, the activities of serum glutathione peroxidase and serum superoxide dismutase of mice in a low-dose group containing the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablets and a high-dose group containing the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablets have no obvious difference, and the enhancement effect of the activities of the serum glutathione peroxidase and the serum superoxide dismutase of the high-dose group containing the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablets is better than that of a model drug group.
The results show that the buccal tablet containing the shaddock ped fermented by the combination of the saccharomycetes, the aspergillus niger and the aspergillus aculeatus has obvious effect of reducing the blood sugar level of a mouse in a diabetes model, and can obviously adjust the serum lipid peroxidation level and the serum oxidation resistance state, which is mainly attributed to the combined solid fermentation effect of the saccharomycetes, the aspergillus niger and the aspergillus aculeatus, and the shaddock ped is subjected to the combined solid fermentation of the saccharomycetes, the aspergillus niger and the aspergillus aculeatus to improve the content of soluble dietary fiber, reducing sugar and naringin, wherein the dissolved soluble dietary fiber and the naringin can better adjust the blood sugar.
Example 6
30 diabetic patients were tested, wherein 18 men and 12 women were 18 and 12 women, the average age was 48 years, and the average age was A, B groups, 15 people and A, B groups were administered metformin hydrochloride tablets, 0.25g each time, 3 times per day; however, the buccal tablets of shaddock peel prepared in example 1 were taken simultaneously by group B5 tablets at a time for 3 times a day. The patients with diabetes in group B continuously take the buccal tablet for 30 days, and then stop taking the buccal tablet, and observe the buccal tablet for 20 days. Blood drawing analysis is carried out respectively on 1 day before the buccal tablets are taken, 30 days after the buccal tablets are taken and 50 days after the buccal tablets are taken, and the fasting blood glucose level is determined. The results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and the results are analyzed by using a statistical method of t test, wherein P < 0.05 represents significant difference. The fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) measurements of the two groups of patients are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Note: indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) compared to before administration.
As can be seen from Table 2, when the patients with diabetes take other hypoglycemic drugs, the shaddock peel buccal tablets for reducing blood sugar have better and more stable hypoglycemic effect when also taking the shaddock peel buccal tablets.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with the hypoglycemic effect is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of fermented pomelo peel, 1-7 parts of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves, 5-15 parts of fingered citron, 5-15 parts of hovenia dulcis, 5-10 parts of starch and 2-5 parts of mannitol; the fermented pomelo peel is obtained by performing combined solid state fermentation on the pomelo peel by using saccharomycetes, aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus, and the preparation method of the fermented pomelo peel comprises the following steps: preferably, the effective viable count is 5 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel5-6×108The effective viable count of yeast suspension is 1.5 × 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel6-3.6×108The effective viable count of the Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 1.2 multiplied by 10 according to the dosage of 1.5mL/100g of shaddock peel6-3.7×108Uniformly mixing the three bacteria solutions, uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the inner pulp of the shaddock peel with the water content of 12-28%, and finally fermenting for 32-40h under the conditions that the humidity is 75-80% and the temperature is 28-32 ℃.
2. The fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with the hypoglycemic effect of claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 58.75 parts of fermented pomelo peel, 6.25 parts of mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and Chinese prickly ash leaves, 10 parts of fingered citron, 10 parts of hovenia dulcis, 10 parts of starch and 5 parts of mannitol.
3. The fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with hypoglycemic effect as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the effective viable count is 5.5 x 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g pomelo peel7The effective viable count of yeast suspension is 2.7 × 10 according to the dosage of 1mL/100g shaddock peel7The effective viable count of Aspergillus niger spore suspension is 5.8 × 10 according to the dosage of 1.5mL/100g shaddock peel7A/mL Aspergillus aculeatus spore suspension, howeverAnd uniformly mixing the three bacterial liquids, uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the inner layer pulp of the shaddock peel with the water content of 26%, and finally fermenting for 38 hours under the conditions that the humidity is 78% and the temperature is 28 ℃.
4. The fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with the hypoglycemic effect as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the mixture extract of ginger, lonicera confusa and zanthoxylum bungeanum leaf is as follows: mixing ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaves according to a weight ratio of 10:2:1, crushing to obtain a mixture, adding 25-35 times of water by weight into the mixture, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 35-45min under the conditions that the ultrasonic power is 100-200W and the temperature is 75-95 ℃, and finally concentrating to obtain a mixture extract of the ginger, the lonicera confusa and the pepper leaves.
5. The fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with hypoglycemic effect of claim 4, wherein after concentration, 1g of extract is equivalent to 2.0-4.0g of crude drug.
6. The preparation method of the fermented pomelo peel buccal tablet with hypoglycemic effect, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, crushing fermented pomelo peel to obtain fermented pomelo peel powder, then uniformly mixing the fermented pomelo peel powder, ginger, lonicera confusa and pepper leaf mixture extract, fingered citron, hovenia dulcis, starch and mannitol, and directly tabletting to obtain the pomelo peel powder.
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