CN109930567A - River waterflow impacts the raw mirror construction of water catchment area fish - Google Patents
River waterflow impacts the raw mirror construction of water catchment area fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN109930567A CN109930567A CN201910267789.XA CN201910267789A CN109930567A CN 109930567 A CN109930567 A CN 109930567A CN 201910267789 A CN201910267789 A CN 201910267789A CN 109930567 A CN109930567 A CN 109930567A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of raw mirror constructions of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish, one group of training dyke is built near the inlet of water catchment area, the trapezoidal shape of the training dyke, it is made of key dam and terraced dam, training dyke and water (flow) direction are in 30 ° -45 °, several setting positions being spaced a distance on key dam, to terraced dam is extended perpendicularly out on one side, the stretching on adjacent two terraced dams is contrary；In the inside water catchment area of training dyke, it is set as die bed and moulds area, it includes water channel, gulf, beach, reefs group and aquatic plant zones that area is moulded in bottom；Water channel is set between adjacent guide dam, is connected to whole gulf areas, and with upstream and downstream water communication, depth is lower than dry season water level 1.5m or more.The present invention can effectively change water flow situation, keep unimpeded water catchment area with river；It effectively solves the problems, such as flood period water impact, improves water flow situation；Dry season, water flow was unobstructed up and down, and the connection of water channel arm is beneficial to fish migration and inhabites；Fishing bank, continent beach and water plant arrangement, beneficial to fish oviposition, growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of raw mirror constructions of rivers impact water catchment area fish, belong to piscine organism resource conserving technique neck
Domain.
Background technique
In numerous rivers in China, since SEA LEVEL VARIATION is big, there is dry seasons and flood period to change.In order to ensure boat
Road, water conservancy regulation etc. need, and have built a large amount of navigation channel dam, training dyke etc., have caused to change in flood period river waterflow,
Under the impact of powerful water flow, a large amount of impact water catchment area is formd at rivers bank side, these regions are that fish are raw before impingement
The important channel in goods and materials source and inhabit area.Due to foring impact water catchment area, in flood period, the water velocity in these regions is very
Greatly, there are many eddy flow, torrent, and fish can not inhabit growth.And in dry season, then it will appear cutout phenomenon, make straddling fish stocks can not
Pass through, while because dry season water flow can not be connected to exchange, causing many piscine organisms that can not lay eggs, breed, furthermore in dry season
Because water body is reduced, the risk that important stock of fish etc. is caught also is exacerbated.
Currently, mainly take both at home and abroad protection of resources, control fishing, the modes such as enhancement releasing are to the important fishes of river waters
Class living resources carry out ecological environmental protection, around the influence of hydraulic engineering, also mainly take and the side such as build fish pass, lay fish nest
Formula lacks the habitat of fish repairing research for water impact area and application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of raw mirror constructions of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish, construct easy to operate, easy
Implement, can effectively change water flow situation, make water catchment area water flow stationary, can effectively ensure that fish in dry season water channel, gulf, beach, reefs
Class migration and lays eggs, breeds, inhabiting up and down, provides effective ecological environment for living resources conservations such as River Fish and repairs
It is multiple.
The present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of raw mirror construction of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish, builds one group of training dyke near the inlet of water catchment area
1, which includes key dam 1-1, and it is in 30 ° -45 ° with water (flow) direction that key dam 1-1, which is in upright trapezoidal shape, on key dam 1-1 between
Every several setting positions of a distance, to extending perpendicularly out terraced dam 1-2, the stretching direction phase of two adjacent ladder dam 1-2 on one side
Instead；The water catchment area is that die bed moulds area 2 except the inside of training dyke, and it includes water channel 2-1, gulf 2-2, beach 2- that area 2 is moulded in bottom
3, reefs group 2-4 and aquatic plant zones 2-5；The water channel 2-1 be set to adjacent guide dam between and with along the rear of water (flow) direction
Gulf 2-2, beach 2-3, reefs group 2-4 link up, training dyke；Aquatic plant zones 2-5 is set to river line and river shoal on the inside of water catchment area
Region between line；The water channel 2-1 is connected to whole gulf area 2-2, and with upstream and downstream water communication, depth is lower than dry season 1.5m
More than.
Further, the terraced dam 1-2 between adjacent guide dam in region makes the water channel 2-1 form S-shaped.
Further, the overall width of one group of training dyke accounts for 2/3rds of the inlet width of water catchment area.
Further, the training dyke highest point is suitable with ordinary water level.
It further, further include phytobiocoenose band 3, the phytobiocoenose band 3 is set on training dyke, as submerged plant
3-1, emergent aquactic plant 3-2, the compound group of terrestrial plant 3-3, with SEA LEVEL VARIATION, alternating growth.
Further, the gradient of training dyke is 1:1.5-1:2, and adjacent guide dam most minor dam is away from 2 times for height, training dyke
Length is water catchment area radius length；Height, the gradient on terraced dam are consistent with key dam, terraced dam length degree be key dam away from 2/3, it is adjacent ladder dam
Spacing be main dam length degree 1/4.
Further, the water channel 2-1 depth is lower than dry season 1.5m；Gulf area 2-2 depth is lower than dry season water level 2.5m,
Low water level gulf area area accounts for water catchment area 50%, and ordinary water level accounts for water catchment area area 80%；The water flow in dry season is water catchment area water body
10%.
Further, area when beach area 2-3 rises accounts for the 20% of water catchment area, and area when low water level accounts for water catchment area
50%；Reefs 2-4 is laid in the area of gulf, is lower than low water level 0.5m, and grouping is laid, and area is the 15% of gulf area area.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) river waterflow impact water catchment area habitat of fish is provided, overall structure is simple, easy to operate, easy implementation；
2) it can effectively change water flow situation, make water catchment area water flow stationary, can effectively be protected in dry season water channel, gulf, beach, reefs
It demonstrate,proves fish or more migration and lays eggs, breeds, inhabiting, provide a kind of effective ecology for living resources conservations such as River Fish
Environment remediation mode；
3) it effectively solves the problems, such as flood period water impact, improves water flow situation；
4) dry season, water flow was unobstructed up and down, and the connection of water channel arm is beneficial to fish migration and inhabites；
5) fishing bank, continent beach and water plant arrangement, beneficial to fish oviposition, growth.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the raw mirror organigram of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the elevation for meeting the key dam of training dyke.
In figure, 1. training dykes, 2. die beds mould area, 3. phytobiocoenose bands, 1-1. key dam, 1-2. ladder dam, 2-1. water channel, 2-
2. gulf, the beach 2-3., 2-4. reefs group, 3-1. submerged plant, 3-2. emergent aquactic plant, 3-2. terrestrial plant, 3-3. terrestrial plant.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
Referring to figures 1-3, the raw mirror construction of a kind of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish, is repaired near the inlet of water catchment area
One group of training dyke 1 is built, which includes key dam 1-1, and it is in 30 ° -45 ° with water (flow) direction that key dam 1-1, which is in upright trapezoidal shape,
Several setting positions being spaced a distance on key dam 1-1, to extending perpendicularly out terraced dam 1-2 on one side, two adjacent ladder dam 1-2's
It stretches out contrary；The water catchment area is that die bed moulds area 2 except the inside of training dyke, bottom mould area 2 including water channel 2-1,
Gulf 2-2, beach 2-3, reefs group 2-4 and aquatic plant zones 2-5；The water channel 2-1 be set to adjacent guide dam between and with along water flow
Gulf 2-2, beach 2-3, the reefs group 2-4 at the rear in direction are linked up, training dyke；Aquatic plant zones 2-5 is set to the river on the inside of water catchment area
Region between diatom and river shoal line；The water channel 2-1 is connected to whole gulf area 2-2, and with upstream and downstream water communication, depth is lower than
Dry season 1.5m or more.
In this embodiment, referring to Fig. 1, the terraced dam 1-2 between adjacent guide dam in region makes the water channel 2-1 form S
Shape.
In this embodiment, referring to Fig. 1, the overall width of one group of training dyke accounts for three points of the inlet width of water catchment area
Two.
In this embodiment, referring to Fig. 3, the training dyke highest point is suitable with ordinary water level.
It in this embodiment, further include phytobiocoenose band 3 referring to Fig. 3, the phytobiocoenose band 3 is set on training dyke, with
This is submerged plant 3-1, emergent aquactic plant 3-2, the compound group of terrestrial plant 3-3, with SEA LEVEL VARIATION, alternating growth.
In this embodiment, the gradient of training dyke is 1:1.5-1:2, and adjacent guide dam most minor dam is led away from 2 times for height
Stream dam length degree is water catchment area radius length；Height, the gradient on terraced dam are consistent with key dam, terraced dam length degree be key dam away from 2/3, it is adjacent
The spacing on terraced dam is the 1/4 of main dam length degree.
In this embodiment, the water channel 2-1 depth is lower than dry season 1.5m；Gulf area 2-2 depth is lower than dry season water level
2.5m, low water level gulf area area account for water catchment area 50%, and ordinary water level accounts for water catchment area area 80%；The water flow in dry season is water catchment area
Water body 10%.
In this embodiment, area when beach area 2-3 rises accounts for the 20% of water catchment area, and area when low water level accounts for charge for remittance
The 50% of area；Reefs 2-4 is laid in the area of gulf, is lower than low water level 0.5m, and grouping is laid, and area is the 15% of gulf area area.
The present invention provides river waterflows to impact water catchment area habitat of fish, and overall structure is simple, easy to operate, easy implementation；
Water flow situation can effectively be changed, make water catchment area water flow stationary, can effectively ensure that fish or more in dry season water channel, gulf, beach, reefs
It migration and lays eggs, breed, inhabiting, providing a kind of effective ecological environment reparation side for living resources conservations such as River Fish
Formula；It effectively solves the problems, such as flood period water impact, improves water flow situation；Dry season, water flow was unobstructed up and down, and the connection of water channel arm has
It is inhabited beneficial to fish migration；Fishing bank, continent beach and water plant arrangement, beneficial to fish oviposition, growth.
It is the preferred embodiment of the present invention above, those of ordinary skill in the art can also carry out various changes on this basis
It changes or improves, under the premise of not departing from the present invention total design, these transformation or improve all should belong to that the present invention claims guarantors
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of raw mirror construction of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish, it is characterised in that:
One group of training dyke (1) is built near the inlet of water catchment area, which includes key dam (1-1), key dam (1-1)
It is in 30 ° -45 ° with water (flow) direction in upright trapezoidal shape, several setting positions being spaced a distance on key dam (1-1), Xiang Yi
Side extends perpendicularly out terraced dam (1-2), and the stretching of adjacent two terraced dams (1-2) is contrary；
The water catchment area is that die bed is moulded area (2) except the inside of training dyke, and it includes water channel (2-1), gulf that area (2) is moulded in bottom
(2-2), beach (2-3), reefs group (2-4) and aquatic plant zones (2-5)；The water channel (2-1) is set between adjacent guide dam simultaneously
It is linked up with the gulf (2-2) along the rear of water (flow) direction, beach (2-3), reefs group (2-4), training dyke；Aquatic plant zones (2-5) are set
Region between river line on the inside of water catchment area and river shoal line；The water channel (2-1) is connected to whole gulf areas (2-2), and upper
Downstream water communication, depth are lower than dry season 1.5m or more.
2. the raw mirror construction of river waterflow as described in claim 1 impact water catchment area fish, it is characterised in that: adjacent guide dam it
Between terraced dam (1-2) in region so that the water channel (2-1) is formed S-shaped.
3. the raw mirror construction of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: one group of water conservancy diversion
The overall width on dam accounts for 2/3rds of the inlet width of water catchment area.
4. the raw mirror construction of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the training dyke is most
Eminence is suitable with ordinary water level.
5. the raw mirror construction of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include flora
Band (3) is fallen, the phytobiocoenose band (3) is set on training dyke, as submerged plant (3-1), emergent aquactic plant (3-2), terrestrial
Plant (3-3) compound group, with SEA LEVEL VARIATION, alternating growth.
6. the raw mirror construction of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gradient of training dyke
For 1:1.5-1:2, for adjacent guide dam most minor dam away from 2 times for height, training dyke length is water catchment area radius length；The height on terraced dam
Degree, the gradient it is consistent with key dam, terraced dam length degree be key dam away from 2/3, it is adjacent ladder dam spacing be main dam length degree 1/4.
7. the raw mirror construction of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water channel (2-
1) depth is lower than dry season 1.5m；Gulf area (2-2) depth is lower than dry season water level 2.5m, and low water level gulf area area accounts for water catchment area
50%, ordinary water level accounts for water catchment area area 80%；The water flow in dry season is water catchment area water body 10%.
8. the raw mirror construction of river waterflow impact water catchment area fish as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: beach area (2-3) rises
Area when water level accounts for the 20% of water catchment area, and area when low water level accounts for the 50% of water catchment area；Reefs (2-4) is laid in gulf area
It is interior, it is lower than low water level 0.5m, grouping is laid, and area is the 15% of gulf area area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910267789.XA CN109930567B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | River water flow impact catchment area fish lens structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910267789.XA CN109930567B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | River water flow impact catchment area fish lens structure |
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| CN109930567A true CN109930567A (en) | 2019-06-25 |
| CN109930567B CN109930567B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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| CN201910267789.XA Active CN109930567B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | River water flow impact catchment area fish lens structure |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112267415A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-26 | 杭州王之新创信息技术研究有限公司 | Filtering water channel and river channel cleaning system beneficial to protection of wild fishes |
| CN114946741A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-30 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Species pool method for recovering fish biodiversity |
| RU2812114C1 (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2024-01-23 | Акционерное общество "Проектно-изыскательский и научно-исследовательский институт "Гидропроект" им. С.Я. Жука" (АО "Институт Гидропроект") | Method for protecting water intake from biointerference |
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| CN204212122U (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-18 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | A kind of fish pass |
| CN104480913A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 河海大学 | Ecological fish way with staggered spacer block structures |
| CN109338987A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-15 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Inland river eco-river control groynes group |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| KR20130054783A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-27 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Maintenance structure comprising trap structure for dam and reservoir strucrute using the same |
| CN204212122U (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-18 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | A kind of fish pass |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112267415A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-26 | 杭州王之新创信息技术研究有限公司 | Filtering water channel and river channel cleaning system beneficial to protection of wild fishes |
| CN114946741A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-30 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Species pool method for recovering fish biodiversity |
| RU2812114C1 (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2024-01-23 | Акционерное общество "Проектно-изыскательский и научно-исследовательский институт "Гидропроект" им. С.Я. Жука" (АО "Институт Гидропроект") | Method for protecting water intake from biointerference |
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