CN109927314A - 用于粘结复合结构的方法和系统 - Google Patents

用于粘结复合结构的方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN109927314A
CN109927314A CN201811416459.4A CN201811416459A CN109927314A CN 109927314 A CN109927314 A CN 109927314A CN 201811416459 A CN201811416459 A CN 201811416459A CN 109927314 A CN109927314 A CN 109927314A
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vacuum bag
vacuum
composite construction
bag
mechanical force
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CN109927314B (zh
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斯迪文·唐纳德·布兰查德
加里·D·奥克斯
阿尔内·K·刘易斯
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Boeing Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B32B37/1018Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using only vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
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    • B32B37/10Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
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    • B29C66/7394General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
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Abstract

一种粘结复合结构的方法及复合结构粘结系统,该方法包括将第二结构定位在第一结构上的粘结部位处,以及将第一真空袋耦接到所述第一结构,使得所述第一真空袋覆盖所述粘结部位。所述方法还包括将真空施加到所述第一真空袋以经由所述第一真空袋将第一机械力引到所述第二结构。将第二真空袋耦接到所述第一结构,使得第二真空袋覆盖所述第二结构并覆盖所述第一真空袋的至少一部分。所述方法还包括将真空施加到所述第二真空袋以经由所述第二真空袋将第二机械力引到所述第二结构。

Description

用于粘结复合结构的方法和系统
技术领域
本公开的领域涉及用于粘结由复合材料构成的结构的系统和方法,并且具体地涉及用于在蒸压器外部执行这种粘结的方法和系统。
背景技术
应用由复合材料构成的结构越来越受欢迎,特别是在诸如飞机机架的应用中,其中益处包括增加的强度和刚度、减小的重量和减少的零件数。然而,在损坏时,复合结构通常需要可能要使飞机着陆的大量维修工作,由此增加了飞机的维持成本。当前的维护规程经常要求在飞机可以恢复飞行之前移除和更换已损坏的部件。
至少一些已知的维修和粘结方法采用真空袋来施加大气压以便在固化过程期间提供紧密接触。当复合层之间的环氧树脂固化时,环氧树脂发出挥发性有机化合物。在真空下,这种除气由于真空袋下的低蒸气压而增加。此外,母复合结构(即飞机)中的任何驻留水分也蒸发。这种除气可能导致在已固化的复合层和/或粘合剂粘结线中捕获有不可接受的多孔性水平。如果发生了过多的多孔性,则已固化的复合材料可能在结构上是不可接受的。然后,维修技术人员必须通过研磨掉所有受影响层并从开始起开启粘结过程来物理移除所有受影响层。取决于零件的复杂性和尺寸,这可能花费几小时或几天。
至少一些已知的维修和粘结方法使零件在蒸压器中的压力下而固化,以在环氧树脂的固化期间将挥发物保持在溶解状态中并从而防止复合零件中的多孔性。然而,蒸压器的购买和操作昂贵并且其尺寸有限。类似地,蒸压器很少用于对复合结构或零件进行粘结维修。
发明内容
在一个方面,提供了一种粘结结构的方法。所述方法包括将第二结构定位在第一结构上的粘结部位处,以及将第一真空袋耦接到所述第一结构,使得所述第一真空袋覆盖所述粘结部位。所述方法还包括将真空施加到所述第一真空袋以经由所述第一真空袋将第一机械力引到所述第二结构。将第二真空袋耦接到所述第一结构,使得第二真空袋覆盖所述第二结构并覆盖所述第一真空袋的至少一部分。所述方法还包括将真空施加到所述第二真空袋以经由所述第二真空袋将第二机械力引到所述第二结构。
在另一个方面中,提供了一种复合结构粘结系统。所述复合结构粘结系统包括第一结构和第二结构,所述第一结构包括粘结部位,并且所述第二结构被配置成在所述粘结部位处耦接到所述第一结构。所述复合结构粘结系统还包括耦接到所述第一结构的第一真空袋。所述第一真空袋被配置成在将真空施加到所述第一真空袋时将第一机械力施加到所述第二结构。所述复合结构粘结系统还包括第二真空袋,其耦接到所述第一结构,使得所述第二真空袋覆盖所述第二结构。所述第二真空袋被配置成在将真空施加到所述第二真空袋时将第二机械力施加到所述第二结构。
已经讨论的特征、功能和优点可以在各种实施例中独立地实现或者可以在另外的其他实施例中组合,其进一步细节可以参考以下描述和附图看出。
附图说明
图1是示例性复合结构粘结系统的顶视图,其示出了第一结构、第二结构和第一真空袋;
图2是图1所示的复合结构粘结系统的顶视图,其还示出了第二真空袋;
图3是图2所示的复合结构粘结系统的截面侧视图;以及
图4示出了用于使用图2和图3所示的复合结构粘结系统来粘结复合结构的方法。
具体实施方式
本文中描述的实现方式包括用于接合复合结构的方法和系统。所述方法包括将第二结构定位在第一结构上的粘结部位处,以及将第一真空袋耦接到所述第一结构,使得所述第一真空袋覆盖所述粘结部位。所述方法还包括将真空应用于所述第一真空袋以经由所述第一真空袋将第一机械力引到所述第二结构。将第二真空袋耦接到所述第一结构,使得第二真空袋覆盖所述第二结构和所述第一真空袋的至少一部分。所述方法还包括将真空应用于所述第二真空袋以经由所述第二真空袋将第二机械力引到所述第二结构。在将两个机械力同时施加到所述第二结构之后,使所述第一真空袋至少部分地通气以便移除或减小所述第二结构上的来自所述第一真空袋的第一机械力并且将所述第二结构暴露于大气压。在所述第二真空袋上保持真空以保持所述第二结构上的第二机械力,同时在第一体积内仍将所述第二结构基本上暴露于大气压。通过在固化期间将所述第二结构暴露于大气压并保持由所述第二真空袋提供的压实力,在固化期间至少在所述第二结构内形成的挥发性有机化合物被保持在溶解状态中并且能够在不蒸发的情况下从所述第二结构中移除,从而防止所述第二结构内的多孔性。
本文所述的复合结构粘结系统用于维修受损结构或用于二次粘结过程以将两个复合结构接合在一起。所述系统允许使用大气压实压力而没有与传统真空袋固化中的低蒸气压相关联的问题。更具体地,本文所述的复合结构粘结系统允许将机械压力施加到复合结构而不将它们暴露于低蒸气压。这样,显著减小或防止复合结构内的多孔性,从而增加或保持复合结构的结构完整性。附加地,本文所述的复合结构粘结系统被设计成在不使用蒸压器的情况下在第一结构上形成部分固化或完全固化的蒸压器质量的热粘结复合材料维修。因此,与已知方法相比,本文所述的复合结构粘结系统使得在缩短的时间跨度内并以减小的成本来接合具有任何尺寸和形状的复合结构。
图1是示例性复合结构粘结系统100的顶视图,其示出了母结构或第一结构102、维修结构或第二结构104、以及第一真空袋106。图2是复合结构粘结系统100的顶视图,其还示出了第二真空袋108。图3是复合结构粘结系统100的截面侧视图。
在示例性实施例中,第一结构102是飞机的部件。例如,第一结构102是飞机机身、机翼或尾翼中的任何一个。此外,在示例性实施例中,第一结构102由具有多个层的复合材料(例如,嵌入环氧树脂中的碳纤维或硼纤维)形成并且包括需要维修的粘结部位110。如本文所描述的,将在粘结部位110处使用位于第一结构102上的第二结构104进行维修。类似于第一结构102,第二结构104也由将在原位被压实、去胀并完全固化的复合材料形成。如本文所描述的,复合结构粘结系统100可以用作用于维修受损复合结构的维修系统。附加地,复合结构粘结系统100可以用于两个预固化复合结构的二次粘结。
参照图1-3,复合结构粘结系统100包括第一真空袋106,所述第一真空袋耦接到第一结构102以使得第一真空袋106覆盖整个第二结构104和粘结部位110。更具体地,第一真空袋106耦接到第一结构102以使得第一体积112(如图3所示)由第一真空袋106和第一结构102限定。如本文所描述的,第二结构104包含在第一体积112内。第一真空袋106的周边通过第一密封机构114密封到第一结构102,所述第一密封机构围绕第二结构104和粘结部位110。此外,在示例性实施例中,复合结构粘结系统100包括耦接到第一真空袋106的第一探针116。第一探针116穿过第一真空袋106中的开口,并且选择性地经由软管120将第一真空袋106的第一体积112耦接成与真空源118流体连通。
在示例性实施例中,复合结构粘结系统100还包括第二真空袋108,所述第二真空袋耦接到第一结构102以使得第二真空袋108覆盖整个第二结构104和粘结部位110以及至少一部分第一真空袋106。更具体地,第二真空袋108耦接到第一结构102以使得第二体积122(如图3所示)由第二真空袋108、第一结构102和第一真空袋106限定。如本文所描述的,第二真空袋108以及因此第二体积122覆盖整个第二结构。然而,在第二体积122与第二结构104重叠时,第二结构104在第一真空袋106与第一结构102之间位于第二体积122的外部。更具体地,第二结构104通过第一真空袋106与第二体积122分离。
第二真空袋108的周边通过第二密封机构124密封到第一结构102,所述第二密封机构围绕第二结构104和粘结部位110。如图2和图3中最佳所示,第二密封机构124部分地在第一真空袋106上延伸,使得第一真空袋106的一部分未被第二真空袋108覆盖。更具体地,第一真空袋106的未被第二真空袋108覆盖的部分包括第一探针116,使得当第二真空袋108耦接到第一结构102和第一真空袋106时,第一探针116位于第二体积122的外部。
此外,在示例性实施例中,复合结构粘结系统100包括耦接到第二真空袋108的第二探针126。第二探针126穿过第二真空袋108中的开口,并且选择性地经由软管120将第二真空袋108的第二体积122耦接成与真空源118流体连通。任选地,加热毯128位于第一真空袋106与第二结构104之间以便在固化期间向第一结构102和第二结构104提供热量。在二次粘结过程期间使用复合结构粘结系统100的情况下,结构102和104以及真空袋106和108可以定位在烤箱内以提供加热。
在操作中,第一探针116耦接到真空源118并且有助于向第一真空袋106施加真空以从第一体积112中移除空气。在这种配置中,在将真空应用于第一真空袋106时,第一真空袋106在第二结构104上引起第一机械力F1。更具体地,因为第一真空袋106完全覆盖第二结构104,所以第一真空袋106将第一机械力F1施加到第二结构104的整个区域,即第一真空袋106符合第二结构104的形状以将第一机械力F1施加到第二结构104的整个区域。在示例性实施例中,第一机械力F1是将第二结构104向下压到第一结构102上以防止第二结构104的多孔性并因此防止第二结构的膨胀的压缩力或压实力。尽管图3示出了第一真空袋106与第二结构104之间的间隙,但这仅用于说明目的,并且在操作中,第一真空袋106直接(或经由任选的加热毯128间接地)接触第二结构104以施加第一机械力F1。
类似地,第二探针126耦接到真空源118并且有助于向第二真空袋108施加真空以从第二体积122中移除空气。如本文所描述的,将真空应用于第二真空袋108,同时第一真空袋106也处于真空下。在这种配置中,在将真空应用于第二真空袋108时,第二真空袋108在第二结构104上引起第二机械力F2。更具体地说,因为第二真空袋108完全覆盖第二结构104并覆盖第一真空袋106的大部分,所以第二真空袋108将第二机械力F2施加到第一真空袋106并施加到第二结构104的整个区域,即第二真空袋108符合第二结构104的形状以将第二机械力F2施加到第二结构104的整个区域。类似于第一机械力F1,第二机械力F2是与第一机械力F1在相同方向上作用以便将第二结构104向下压到第一结构102上以防止第二结构104的多孔性并因此防止第二结构的膨胀的压缩力或压实力。尽管图3示出了第二真空袋108与第一真空袋106之间的间隙,但这仅用于说明目的,并且在操作中,第二真空袋108直接接触第一真空袋106以将第二机械力F2施加到第二结构。
在示例性实施例中,第一真空袋106和第二真空袋108同时分别将第一机械力F1和第二机械力F2施加到第二结构104持续预定的时间量。在持续时间已经过去之后,施加到第一真空袋106的真空至少部分地被移除以使第一体积112通气,使得第一体积112和第二结构104暴露于大气压。这样,第一机械力F1至少部分地从第二结构104移除。在一些实施例中,第一真空袋106完全通气至大气压。在其他实施例中,将减小的真空施加到第一真空袋106以有助于从第二结构104中移除多种挥发性有机化合物。
在施加到第一真空袋106的真空被移除之后,保持施加到第二真空袋108的真空。在这种配置中,保持第二真空袋108上的真空保持了第二结构104上的第二机械力F2,同时仍然在第一体积112内将第二结构104暴露于大气压。因此,第二真空袋108施加压实压力以防止第二结构104中的多孔性。更具体地,通过在固化期间将第二结构104暴露于大气压并保持由第二真空袋108提供的压实力,在固化期间至少在第二结构104内形成的挥发性有机化合物保持在溶解状态中,并且能够在不蒸发的情况下从第二结构104中移除,从而防止第二结构104内的多孔性。
图4示出了使用复合结构粘结系统100(图2和图3所示)来粘结复合结构(诸如第一结构102)的方法200。方法200包括202,将第二结构(诸如第二结构104)定位在第一结构(诸如第一结构102)上的粘结部位(诸如粘结部位110)处。方法200还包括204,将第一真空袋(诸如第一真空袋106)耦接到第一结构,使得第一真空袋覆盖粘结部位。耦接步骤204包括利用第一密封机构(诸如第一密封机构114)将第一真空袋密封到第一结构。这样,第一真空袋和第一结构组合以限定第一体积(诸如第一体积112),其包含第二结构以使得第一真空袋覆盖第二结构。
在示例性实施例中,一旦将第一真空袋耦接204到第一结构,就向第一真空袋施加206真空以经由第一真空袋将第一机械力(诸如第一机械力F1)引到第二结构。如本文所描述的,第一机械力是将第二结构压缩到第一结构中或朝向第一结构压缩第二结构的压缩力。真空施加步骤206包括将真空源(诸如源118)耦接成与第一探针(诸如第一探针116)流体连通。第一探针将第一体积耦接成与真空源流体连通以有助从第一体积内移除空气并将第一机械力引到第二结构上。
方法200还包括将第二真空袋(诸如第二真空袋108)耦接208到第一结构并耦接到第一真空袋的一部分,使得第二真空袋覆盖第二结构并覆盖第一真空袋的至少一部分。耦接步骤208包括利用第二密封机构(诸如第二密封机构124)将第二真空袋密封到第一结构。此外,耦接步骤208包括将第二真空袋耦接208到第一真空袋,使得第一真空袋上的第一探针未被第二真空袋覆盖并保持暴露。这样,第二真空袋、第一结构和第一真空袋组合以限定第二体积(诸如第二体积122)。如本文所描述的,第二真空袋覆盖整个第二结构。然而,第二结构位于第二体积的外部。更具体地,第二结构通过第一真空袋与第二体积分离。在示例性实施例中,将第二真空袋耦接208到第一结构以及将真空施加206到第一真空袋的顺序是可互换的。
在示例性实施例中,一旦将第二真空袋耦接208到第一结构,就向第二真空袋施加210真空以经由第二真空袋将第二机械力(诸如第二机械力F2)引到第二结构。如本文所描述的,第二机械力是将第二结构压缩到第一结构中或朝向第一结构压缩第二结构的压缩力。真空施加步骤210包括将真空源(诸如源118)耦接成与第二探针(诸如第二探针126)流体连通。第二探针将第二体积耦接成与真空源流体连通以有助于从第二体积内移除空气并将第二机械力引到第二结构上。
如本文所描述的,因为第二真空袋覆盖第一真空袋以及第二结构,所以也将第二机械力施加到第一真空袋。附加地,仅在将真空施加206到第一真空袋之后执行真空施加步骤210,使得向两个真空袋同时施加真空以便将两个机械力同时施加到第二结构持续预定时间量。
方法200还包括212,使第一真空袋至少部分地通气,以在第二结构上移除或撤回来自第一真空袋的第一机械力。通气步骤212使得允许空气进入第一真空袋的第一体积以使第二结构暴露于大气压,以便有助于在挥发物处于溶解状态中时从第二结构中移除多种挥发性有机化合物。此外,仅在已经将真空施加210到第二真空袋之后执行通气步骤212。方法200还包括214,在使第一真空袋至少部分地通气之后保持第二真空袋上的真空以保持第二结构上的第二机械力。这样,在使第一真空袋至少部分地通气212时,将第一机械力从第二结构中移除。然而,在施加到第一真空袋的真空被移除之后保持214第二真空袋上的真空使得保持第二结构上的第二机械力,同时在第一体积内仍将第二结构暴露于大气压。通过在固化期间将第二结构暴露212于大气压并保持214由第二真空袋提供的压实力,在固化期间至少在第二结构内形成的挥发性有机化合物保持在溶解状态中并且在不蒸发的情况下从第二结构中移除,从而防止第二结构内的多孔性。
任选地,方法200还可以包括将加热毯(诸如加热毯128)定位在第一真空袋下方以覆盖第二结构。附加地,方法200还可以包括为清楚起见而未在此明确描述的其他步骤。例如,此类步骤可以包括:在定位第二结构之前准备粘结部位,在预定温度下使第二结构和第一结构在粘结部位处固化持续预定时间段,以及根据需要在粘结部位处进行任何表面精加工。此外,定位步骤202、耦接步骤204、施加步骤206、耦接步骤208、施加步骤210、通气步骤212和保持步骤214中的每一个在蒸压器外部执行并且能够直接在处于航线的飞机上执行。
本文所述的复合结构粘结系统允许使用大气压实压力而没有与传统真空袋固化中的低蒸气压相关联的问题。更具体地,本文所述的复合结构粘结系统允许将机械压力施加到第二结构和第一结构而不将它们暴露于低蒸气压。这样,显著减小或防止复合结构内的多孔性,从而增加或保持复合结构的结构完整性。更具体地,通过在固化期间将第二结构暴露于大气压并保持由第二袋提供的压实力,在固化期间至少在第二结构内形成的挥发性有机化合物保持在溶解状态中并且能够在不蒸发的情况下从第二结构中移除,从而防止第二结构内的多孔性。
附加地,本文所述的复合结构粘结系统被设计成在不使用蒸压器的情况下在第一结构上形成部分固化或完全固化的蒸压器质量的热粘结复合材料维修。因此,与已知方法相比,本文所述的复合结构粘结系统导致在缩短的时间跨度内并以减小的成本来粘结具有任何尺寸和形状的复合结构。
尽管本发明各实施例的具体特征可能在一些附图中示出而未在其他附图中示出,但这仅是出于方便的考量。根据本发明的原则,附图的任何特征可结合其他任何附图中的任何特征进行引用和/或要求保护。
该书面描述使用示例来公开包括最佳模式的各种实施例,以使得本领域任何技术人员能够实践那些实施例,包括制造和使用任何装置或系统以及执行任何涵盖的方法。可获专利范围由权利要求限定,并且可以包括本领域技术人员想到的其他示例。如果此类其他示例的结构要素与权利要求的字面意义相同,或者如果此类其他示例包括的等效结构要素与权利要求的字面意义无实质差别,则此类其他示例旨在处于权利要求的范围内。

Claims (20)

1.一种粘结复合结构的方法,所述方法包括:
将第二结构(104)定位在第一结构(102)上的粘结部位(110)处;
将第一真空袋(106)耦接到所述第一结构,使得所述第一真空袋覆盖所述粘结部位;
将真空施加到所述第一真空袋,以经由所述第一真空袋将第一机械力(F1)引到所述第二结构;
将第二真空袋(108)耦接到所述第一结构,使得所述第二真空袋覆盖所述第二结构并覆盖所述第一真空袋的至少一部分;以及
将真空施加到所述第二真空袋,以经由所述第二真空袋将第二机械力(F2)引到所述第二结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的粘结复合结构的方法,所述方法还包括使所述第一真空袋(106)至少部分地通气,以移除所述第二结构(104)上的所述第一机械力(F1)的至少一部分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的粘结复合结构的方法,其中使所述第一真空袋(106)至少部分地通气包括在将真空施加到所述第二真空袋(108)之后使所述第一真空袋至少部分地通气。
4.根据权利要求2所述的粘结复合结构的方法,其中使所述第一真空袋(106)至少部分地通气包括将所述第二结构(104)暴露于大气压。
5.根据权利要求2所述的粘结复合结构的方法,所述方法还包括在使所述第一真空袋(106)至少部分地通气之后,保持所述第二真空袋(108)的真空,以保持所述第二结构(104)上的所述第二机械力(F2)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的粘结复合结构的方法,其中保持所述第二真空袋(108)上的真空以保持所述第二机械力(F2)包括,保持所述第二真空袋(108)上的真空以保持所述第一真空袋(106)和所述第二结构(104)上的压实力,并且其中使所述第一真空袋至少部分地通气包括将所述第二结构暴露于大气压以有助于从所述第二结构中移除多种挥发性有机化合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的粘结复合结构的方法,其中将所述第一真空袋(106)耦接到所述第一结构(102)包括用第一密封机构(114)将所述第一真空袋密封到所述第一结构,并且其中将所述第二真空袋(108)耦接到所述第一结构(102)包括用第二密封机构(124)将所述第二真空袋密封到所述第一结构。
8.根据权利要求1所述的粘结复合结构的方法,其中耦接所述第二真空袋(108)以覆盖所述第一真空袋(106)的至少一部分包括,将所述第二真空袋耦接到所述第一真空袋,以使得所述第一真空袋上的第一探针(116)未被所述第二真空袋覆盖。
9.根据权利要求1所述的粘结复合结构的方法,所述方法还包括将加热毯(128)定位在所述第一真空袋(106)与所述第二结构(104)之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的粘结复合结构的方法,其中将真空施加到所述第二真空袋(108)包括在蒸压器的外部将真空施加到所述第二真空袋。
11.一种复合结构粘结系统(100),包括:
第一结构(102),包括粘结部位(110);
第二结构(104),被配置成在所述粘结部位处耦接到所述第一结构;
第一真空袋(106),耦接到所述第一结构,其中所述第一真空袋被配置成在将真空施加到所述第一真空袋时将第一机械力(F1)施加到所述第二结构;以及
第二真空袋(108),耦接到所述第一结构,使得所述第二真空袋覆盖所述第二结构,其中所述第二真空袋被配置成在将真空施加到所述第二真空袋时将第二机械力(F2)施加到所述第二结构。
12.根据权利要求11所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),所述第一真空袋(106)和所述第二真空袋(108)被配置成同时施加所述第一机械力(F1)和所述第二机械力(F2)。
13.根据权利要求11所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),其中所述第二真空袋(108)被配置成在使所述第一真空袋至少部分地通气到大气之后,保持所述第二结构(104)和所述第一真空袋(106)上的所述第二机械力(F2)。
14.根据权利要求11所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),其中所述第二真空袋(108)被配置成在所述第二结构(104)的整个区域上方接触所述第一真空袋(106),使得将所述第二机械力(F2)施加到所述第一真空袋和所述第二结构。
15.根据权利要求11所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),所述复合结构粘结系统还包括定位在所述第一真空袋(106)与所述第二结构(104)之间的加热毯(128)。
16.根据权利要求11所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),其中所述第一真空袋(106)在所述第一真空袋(106)与所述第一结构(102)之间限定第一体积(112),其中所述第二结构(104)定位在所述第一体积内。
17.根据权利要求16所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),所述复合结构粘结系统还包括耦接到所述第一真空袋(106)的第一探针(116),其中所述第一探针将所述第一体积(112)选择性地耦接成与真空源(118)流体连通。
18.根据权利要求17所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),其中所述第二真空袋(108)在所述第二真空袋、所述第一结构(102)和所述第一真空袋(106)之间限定第二体积(122),其中所述第二结构(104)在所述第一真空袋与所述第一结构之间定位于所述第二体积的外部。
19.根据权利要求18所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),其中当所述第二真空袋(108)耦接到所述第一真空袋(106)时,所述第一探针(116)位于所述第二体积(122)的外部。
20.根据权利要求18所述的复合结构粘结系统(100),所述复合结构粘结系统还包括耦接到所述第二真空袋(108)的第二探针(126),其中所述第二探针将所述第二体积(122)选择性地耦接成与真空源(118)流体连通。
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