CN109898993B - Device for measuring flow velocity and direction of underground water in vertical drilling - Google Patents
Device for measuring flow velocity and direction of underground water in vertical drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109898993B CN109898993B CN201910250364.8A CN201910250364A CN109898993B CN 109898993 B CN109898993 B CN 109898993B CN 201910250364 A CN201910250364 A CN 201910250364A CN 109898993 B CN109898993 B CN 109898993B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogeological survey, and discloses a measuring device for the flow direction of underground water in a vertical drilling hole, which comprises a detector body extending into the vertical drilling hole, and also comprises a cable system connected with the detector body, wherein the detector body comprises a glass bin, a horizontal partition plate for dividing the glass bin into an upper cavity and a lower cavity is arranged in the glass bin, a camera with a downward lens is arranged on the partition plate, an electromagnetic flow velocity meter is connected below the glass bin through a vertical shaft, a three-dimensional electronic compass sensor is arranged on the electromagnetic flow velocity meter, and the cable system comprises a steel wire rope for suspending the detector body and a power supply communication cable for providing power supply and communication for the detector body. The measuring device for the flow velocity and the flow direction of the underground water in the vertical drilling hole can directly measure the flow velocity and the flow direction of the underground water in the vertical drilling hole, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient measurement and high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogeological surveying, in particular to a device for measuring the flow rate and the flow direction of underground water in a vertical borehole.
Background
In the field of hydrogeological surveying, three-point method is generally adopted for measuring the flow direction of groundwater, namely three drilling holes are arranged at the vertexes of an approximate equilateral triangle, the water level elevation of the drilling holes is used for programming an equal water level line, and the direction perpendicular to the equal water level line and decreasing to the water level is the flow direction of groundwater. And (3) obtaining the hydraulic gradient between two adjacent water level lines in the upward direction of the underground water flow of the water level map, and obtaining the flow velocity of the underground water. The measuring method is used for measuring the flow direction and the flow velocity of the diving, has a good effect on stabilizing the groundwater in laminar flow movement, and is difficult to obtain hydrological parameters of any position and any moment of the groundwater in turbulent flow state.
In addition, the isotope tracing method can also be used for measuring the flow direction and the flow velocity of groundwater, but on one hand, when the medium is uneven or branches appear, the calculation result is often inaccurate, and meanwhile, radioactive elements can also cause the pollution of groundwater environment.
Meanwhile, in the field of hydrologic monitoring, the water flow velocity device for direct measurement mainly comprises a propeller type velocimeter, a Doppler velocimeter, an ultrasonic velocimeter and the like. However, these flow rate meters are generally used for measuring the flow rate of water flows such as rivers and oceans. Because of the narrow drilling space, the underground water flow speed is slow, the flow state is unstable, and the traditional flow velocity meter is difficult to apply to the underground water flow velocity measurement. Therefore, no device for intuitively, accurately, practically and effectively measuring the flow direction and the flow velocity of underground water in a borehole exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the technology, and provides the measuring device for the flow velocity and the flow direction of the underground water in the vertical drilling hole, which can directly measure the flow velocity and the flow direction of the underground water in the vertical drilling hole, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient measurement and strong reliability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the measuring device for the flow direction of the underground water flow in the vertical drilling hole comprises a detector body extending into the vertical drilling hole, and further comprises a cable system connected with the detector body, wherein the detector body comprises a glass bin, a horizontal partition plate for dividing the glass bin into an upper cavity and a lower cavity is arranged in the glass bin, a camera with a downward lens is arranged on the partition plate and is used for collecting water body images, an electromagnetic flow rate meter is connected below the glass bin through a vertical shaft and is directly contacted with the underground water and used for measuring the flow rate of the underground water and indicating the flow direction of the underground water, a three-dimensional electronic compass sensor is arranged on the electromagnetic flow rate meter and can read the azimuth angle of the electromagnetic flow rate meter, and the cable system comprises a steel wire rope for suspending the detector body and a power supply communication cable for providing power supply and communication for the detector body.
Preferably, a cable shaft paying-off device is arranged on the ground, the cable shaft paying-off device is connected with the cable system, a working foot rest is arranged above the vertical drilling hole, a paying-off guide wheel is arranged on the working foot rest, the cable system bypasses the paying-off guide wheel, and the working foot rest is used for detecting centering of work in the vertical drilling hole and recording the depth of the detector body in the vertical drilling hole.
Preferably, a current meter protection frame for protecting the electromagnetic current meter is arranged below the glass bin.
Preferably, the bottom of the flowmeter protecting frame is provided with a rubber cone with a downward head part, and the rubber cone is used for guiding the detector body to drill down by a counterweight, so that the difficulty in drilling down caused by partial blockage of the vertical drilling hole is avoided.
Preferably, a plurality of LED lamps are arranged on the lower surface of the partition board, and the LED lamps form a circle around the camera to provide a light source for image acquisition.
Preferably, a rotation speed sensor is arranged on the working foot rest and used for measuring the linear speed of the paying-off guide wheel and calculating the length of the cable system.
Preferably, the power supply communication cable is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope through a wire clamp, and the wire clamp is evenly arranged with the position of the electromagnetic flow velocity meter as a starting point.
Preferably, the three-dimensional electronic compass further comprises a receiving terminal connected with the detector body through the power supply communication cable, the receiving terminal comprises a main processor module, a rotating speed signal processing module, a video signal processing module and an azimuth angle signal processing module, wherein the rotating speed signal processing module, the video signal processing module and the azimuth angle signal processing module are connected with the main processor module, the rotating speed signal processing module is electrically connected with the electromagnetic flow velocity meter through the power supply communication cable, the video signal processing module is electrically connected with the camera through the power supply communication cable, and the azimuth angle signal processing module is electrically connected with the three-dimensional electronic compass sensor through the power supply communication cable.
Preferably, an excitation coil is arranged in the electromagnetic flow velocity meter, and a pair of electrodes communicated with the water body are embedded on the surface of the electromagnetic flow velocity meter in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic force lines.
Preferably, the camera is a wide-angle lens camera, the view angle covers the plane of the electromagnetic flow velocity meter and the lower water body, and the bottom of the lower cavity of the glass bin is provided with angle scales.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the electromagnetic flow velocity meter is high in flow velocity accuracy and high in reliability, flow velocity curves with different depths can be drawn, the azimuth angle of the electromagnetic flow velocity meter can be measured by the three-dimensional electronic compass sensor, and the problem that the flow velocity and the flow direction of underground water in vertical drilling are difficult to measure is effectively solved;
2. by utilizing the drilling and shooting functions, the flowing image of the underground water can be intuitively observed, the reliability of the measurement result is high, and the problem that other measurement methods cause instrument damage due to the underwater severe environment, so that the measurement result is distorted is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for measuring the flow velocity and direction of groundwater in a vertical drilling hole according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the probe body in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the probe body of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the bulkhead of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the receiving terminal in fig. 1.
The reference numerals of the components in the drawings are as follows:
vertical drilling 1, detector body 2, cable system 3, glass storehouse 4, upper cavity 5, lower cavity 6, baffle 7, camera 8, electromagnetism current meter 9, three-dimensional electronic compass sensor 10, wire rope 11, power supply communication cable 12, cable axle unwrapping wire ware 13, work foot rest 14, unwrapping wire guide pulley 15, current meter fender bracket 16, rubber cone 17, LED lamp 18, fastener 19, receiving terminal 20, rotational speed signal processing module 21, video signal processing module 22, azimuth signal processing module 23, main processor module 24, display module 25.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the measuring device for the flow velocity and the flow direction of underground water in the vertical drilling hole comprises a detector body 2 extending into the vertical drilling hole 1, and further comprises a cable system 3 connected with the detector body 2, wherein the detector body 2 comprises a glass bin 4, a horizontal partition 7 for dividing the glass bin 4 into an upper cavity 5 and a lower cavity 6 is arranged in the glass bin 4, a camera 8 with a lens facing downwards is arranged on the partition 7, the camera 8 is a wide-angle lens camera, an angle scale is arranged at the bottom of the lower cavity 6 of the glass bin 4, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, eight LED lamps 18 are arranged on the lower surface of the partition 7 and form a circle around the camera 8, an electromagnetic flow rate meter 9 is connected to the lower side of the glass bin 4 through a vertical shaft, exciting coils are arranged inside the electromagnetic flow rate meter 9, a pair of electrodes communicated with a water body are inlaid in the direction on the surface of the electromagnetic flow rate meter 9, a flow rate meter protection frame 16 for protecting the electromagnetic flow rate meter 9 is further arranged below the glass bin 4, a rubber cone 17 arranged at the bottom of the flow rate protection frame 16 and is arranged towards the bottom of the rubber cone 17, a communication cable 11 is arranged on the power supply cable 2, and the power supply cable is connected with the power cable 11 through the cable system for supplying power to the wire 11 in a three-dimensional mode, and the cable is arranged at the power supply cable position of the power supply system 11.
In addition, a cable shaft paying-off device 13 is arranged on the ground, the cable shaft paying-off device 13 is connected with the cable system 3, a working foot rest 14 is arranged above the vertical drilling hole 1, a paying-off guide wheel 15 is arranged on the working foot rest 14, the cable system 3 bypasses the paying-off guide wheel 15, a rotating speed sensor is also arranged on the working foot rest 14,
meanwhile, as shown in fig. 5, the device further comprises a receiving terminal 20 connected with the detector body 2 through a power supply communication cable 12, the receiving terminal 20 comprises a main processor module 24, a rotating speed signal processing module 21 connected with the main processor module 24, a video signal processing module 22, an azimuth angle signal processing module 23 and a display module 25, the rotating speed signal processing module 21 is electrically connected with the electromagnetic flow velocity meter 9 through the power supply communication cable 12, the video signal processing module 22 is electrically connected with the camera 8 through the power supply communication cable 12, the azimuth angle signal processing module 23 is electrically connected with the three-dimensional electronic compass sensor 10 through the power supply communication cable 12, when the device is used, the rotating speed signal processing module 21 receives a rotating speed signal of the electromagnetic flow velocity meter 9, the video signal processing module 22 receives a video signal of the camera 8, and the azimuth angle signal processing module 23 receives an azimuth angle signal of the three-dimensional electronic compass sensor 10.
When the embodiment is used, two modes of automatic measurement and manual measurement can be selected on the receiving terminal 20: in an automatic measurement mode, slowly lowering the device from the orifice of the vertical drilling hole 1 to the bottom of the hole at a constant speed, and automatically measuring the device according to 1 time/second; in the manual measurement mode, the device is slowly lowered from the orifice of the vertical drilling hole 1 to the bottom of the hole at a constant speed, a measurement button is manually pressed, and the device randomly measures once. When the detector body 2 is lowered, the camera 8 and the video signal processing module 22 electrically connected with the camera are combined with the display module 25 to watch the water body image in real time. Finally, after the data of depth, flow speed and azimuth angle of the device are interpreted and processed by the rotating speed signal processing module 21, the azimuth angle signal processing module 23 and the main processor module 24, a depth value curve, a flow speed curve and a flow direction azimuth angle are displayed on the display module 25, the hole depth of the water outlet point can be obtained by reading the position of the maximum flow speed on the curve, and the groundwater flow direction in the vertical drilling hole 1 can be determined by the azimuth angle.
The measuring device for the flow velocity and the flow direction of the underground water in the vertical drilling hole, disclosed by the invention, utilizes the trace voltage signals generated on the electrodes when water flows on the surface of the electromagnetic flow velocity meter 9, the voltage signals are transmitted to the counter, the flow velocity is displayed through amplification, analog-to-digital conversion and other circuit processing, the measuring precision is high, the measuring range can reach 0.01-10 m/s, the flow velocity curves of different depths can be drawn by combining with instrument depth display, the azimuth angle of the electromagnetic flow velocity meter 9 can be measured by the external three-dimensional electronic compass sensor 10 on the electromagnetic flow velocity meter 9, and the problem that the flow velocity and the flow direction of the underground water in the vertical drilling hole 1 are difficult to measure can be effectively solved; moreover, by utilizing the drilling and shooting functions, the water body characteristics of the underground water can be intuitively observed, the principle is simple, the measurement is convenient, the reliability of the measurement result is high, and the problem that the measurement result is distorted due to the fact that instruments are damaged due to the underwater severe environment in other measurement methods is avoided.
Claims (9)
1. A device for determining the flow direction of groundwater flow in a vertical borehole, comprising a probe body (2) extending into the vertical borehole (1), characterized in that: the detector comprises a detector body (2), and is characterized by further comprising a cable system (3) connected with the detector body (2), wherein the detector body (2) comprises a glass bin (4), a horizontal partition plate (7) for dividing the glass bin (4) into an upper cavity (5) and a lower cavity (6) is arranged in the glass bin (4), a camera (8) with a downward lens is arranged on the partition plate (7), an electromagnetic flow rate meter (9) is connected below the glass bin (4) through a vertical shaft, a three-dimensional electronic compass sensor (10) is arranged on the electromagnetic flow rate meter (9), the cable system (3) comprises a steel wire rope (11) for suspending the detector body (2) and a power supply communication cable (12) for providing power supply and communication for the detector body (2), a receiving terminal (20) connected with the detector body (2) through the power supply communication cable (12), the receiving terminal (20) comprises a main processor module (24), a rotating speed signal processing module (21) connected with the main processor module (24), a rotating speed signal processing module (21) and an azimuth signal processing module (21) connected with the power supply communication module (21), the video signal processing module (22) is electrically connected with the camera (8) through the power supply communication cable (12), and the azimuth signal processing module (23) is electrically connected with the three-dimensional electronic compass sensor (10) through the power supply communication cable (12).
2. The apparatus for determining the flow rate and direction of groundwater in a vertical borehole according to claim 1, wherein: the cable shaft paying-off device (13) is arranged on the ground, the cable shaft paying-off device (13) is connected with the cable system (3), a working foot rest (14) is arranged above the vertical drilling hole (1), a paying-off guide wheel (15) is arranged on the working foot rest (14), and the cable system (3) bypasses the paying-off guide wheel (15).
3. The apparatus for measuring the flow rate and direction of groundwater in a vertical borehole according to claim 2, wherein: and a flow meter protection frame (16) for protecting the electromagnetic flow meter (9) is arranged below the glass bin (4).
4. A device for determining the flow rate and direction of groundwater in a vertical borehole according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the flowmeter protecting frame (16) is provided with a rubber cone (17) with the head facing downwards.
5. The apparatus for measuring the flow rate and direction of groundwater in a vertical borehole according to claim 4, wherein: the lower surface of the partition plate (7) is provided with a plurality of LED lamps (18), and the LED lamps (18) form a circle around the camera (8).
6. The apparatus for measuring the flow rate and direction of groundwater in a vertical borehole according to claim 5, wherein: the working foot rest (14) is provided with a rotation speed sensor.
7. The apparatus for measuring the flow rate and direction of groundwater in a vertical borehole according to claim 6, wherein: the power supply communication cable (12) is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope (11) through a wire clamp (19), and the wire clamp (19) is evenly arranged by taking the position of the electromagnetic flowmeter (9) as a starting point.
8. The apparatus for determining the flow rate and direction of groundwater in a vertical borehole according to claim 1, wherein: an excitation coil is arranged in the electromagnetic flow velocity meter (9), and a pair of electrodes communicated with a water body are inlaid on the surface of the electromagnetic flow velocity meter (9) in the direction perpendicular to magnetic force lines.
9. The apparatus for determining the flow rate and direction of groundwater in a vertical borehole according to claim 8, wherein: the camera (8) is a wide-angle lens camera, and the bottom of the lower cavity of the glass bin (4) is provided with angle scales.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910250364.8A CN109898993B (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Device for measuring flow velocity and direction of underground water in vertical drilling |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910250364.8A CN109898993B (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Device for measuring flow velocity and direction of underground water in vertical drilling |
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| CN109898993A CN109898993A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
| CN109898993B true CN109898993B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110146939B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-10-27 | 辽宁省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限责任公司（原名称为辽宁省水利水电勘测设计研究院） | Deep groundwater flow velocity determination method |
| CN110441545B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-05-18 | 华北有色工程勘察院有限公司 | Tester for flow direction, flow speed and sampling of underground water in karst hole drilling |
| CN111307209A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-19 | 河海大学 | Detection device for monitoring water leakage flow direction in underground water observation well |
| CN114859074B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2024-04-16 | 无锡水文工程地质勘察院有限责任公司 | Underground water flow direction measuring method |
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| JPH08177369A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-07-09 | Radic:Kk | Flow velocity measurement device for ground water |
| CN201145688Y (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2008-11-05 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Optical shallow water bottom mass type detector |
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| CN105486351A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Real-time monitoring method and real-time monitoring system for velocity and direction of underground water current |
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| JP2017128881A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-27 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Ground-water pressure measuring method in ground drilling and drill rod |
| CN207894955U (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-09-21 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of electromagnetism flow velocity flow measurement device based on real-time attitude |
| CN108828262A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-16 | 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心 | A kind of wide-range groundwater velocity and direction test device and method |
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2019
- 2019-03-29 CN CN201910250364.8A patent/CN109898993B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08177369A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-07-09 | Radic:Kk | Flow velocity measurement device for ground water |
| CN201145688Y (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2008-11-05 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Optical shallow water bottom mass type detector |
| CN202370505U (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-08-08 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Portable positioning system for deep drilling hole groundwater dynamic monitoring device |
| CN105486351A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Real-time monitoring method and real-time monitoring system for velocity and direction of underground water current |
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