CN109888351B - Tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery and working method thereof - Google Patents
Tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery and a working method thereof.A tree-shaped electrolyte supply branch in the tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery is unfolded by an electrolyte distribution flow path in a step-by-step dispersed tree-shaped form, and a tree-shaped step-by-step dispersed longitudinal inflow flow field is adopted, so that the electrolyte can uniformly enter the surface of an electrode, the reaction degree of the electrolyte is improved, and the battery efficiency is improved; the plurality of array-shaped electrolyte discharge branches are uniformly distributed and communicated with the electrolyte recovery flow path, and the array distribution longitudinal outflow flow field combined with the inflow flow field is adopted, so that the electrolyte can flow out of the electrode in the shortest flow path after the reaction is finished, and the pump work consumed by the battery is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flow batteries, in particular to a tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery and a working method thereof.
Background
With the increasing severity of the problems of environmental pollution, shortage of fossil energy and the like, people develop and utilize renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like more and more widely, but the intermittent and fluctuating properties of the renewable energy sources bring huge challenges for direct grid connection of the renewable energy sources. The large-scale energy storage technology is an important means for solving the problem of intermittent power generation of renewable energy sources, and is also a key technology for solving the contradiction between supply and demand of a power system, ensuring stable operation of a power grid and developing an intelligent power grid. The existing energy storage technology is difficult to be widely applied due to the technical display of special geological and geographical requirements, low energy density, high cost, low cycle life and the like. For example, lithium ion batteries have high cost, limited cycle life, poor safety, and short cycle life of lead-acid batteries, which makes such technologies difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale energy storage. As a new large-scale electrochemical energy storage technology, the flow battery is receiving more and more attention. The redox flow battery carries out conversion of 'electric energy-chemical energy-electric energy' through gain and loss (valence state change) of electrons of active substances dissolved in electrolyte, and further realizes storage and release of electric energy. Compared with other energy storage technologies, the flow battery has the advantages of mutual independence of output power and capacity, flexible system design, high response speed, high energy efficiency, low self-discharge rate, long service life and the like, and is increasingly applied to the field of large-scale energy storage.
The current flow battery can be divided into a flow type flow battery and a flow type flow battery according to the difference of flow field structures, wherein the flow type flow battery is operated by performing oxidation-reduction reaction on electrolyte flowing to the other side from the side surface of an electrode, the electrolyte needs to transversely flow through the surface of the whole electrode in the process, huge pumping power consumption is caused, and meanwhile, the concentration distribution of the electrolyte on the surface of the electrode is uneven due to the consumption of the electrolyte in the flow process, so that the working efficiency of the flow battery is greatly reduced.
Therefore, in order to solve the problems of too high electrolyte pumping work, uneven electrolyte concentration distribution in electrodes and the like in the flowing process of the flow battery, a high-efficiency flow battery with uniform reaction and low pumping work is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery with high reaction efficiency and power consumption saving and a working method thereof, so that the battery efficiency is improved, and the extra pumping work of the battery is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a flow battery with a tree-shaped uniform flow field comprises a positive flow field plate, a positive current collecting plate, a positive electrode, an exchange membrane, a negative electrode, a negative current collecting plate and a negative flow field plate which are arranged on a flow battery body;
the anode current collecting plate is connected with the anode flow field plate and the anode electrode, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are separated by an exchange membrane, and the cathode current collecting plate is connected with the cathode electrode and the cathode flow field plate;
the positive electrode flow field plate is internally provided with a positive electrode electrolyte inlet, a positive electrode electrolyte distribution flow path, a tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch, an array-shaped positive electrode electrolyte discharge branch, a positive electrode electrolyte recovery flow path and a positive electrode electrolyte outlet; the anode electrolyte inlet is an anode electrolyte distribution flow path inlet and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery, the tree-shaped anode electrolyte supply branch inlet is connected with the anode electrolyte distribution flow path, the tree-shaped anode electrolyte supply branch outlet is connected with the anode electrode through an anode current collecting plate, the array-shaped anode electrolyte discharge branch inlet is connected with the anode electrode through the anode current collecting plate, the array-shaped anode electrolyte discharge branch outlet is connected with the anode electrolyte recovery flow path, and the anode electrolyte outlet is an anode electrolyte recovery flow path outlet and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery;
the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch is developed by the positive electrolyte distribution flow path in a step-by-step dispersed tree-shaped mode, and the plurality of array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branches are uniformly distributed and communicated with the positive electrolyte recovery flow path; the anode current collecting plate is a flat plate with array distribution holes, and a hole channel in the current collecting plate is communicated with an outlet of the tree-shaped anode electrolyte supply branch and an inlet of the array anode electrolyte discharge branch;
the negative electrode flow field plate comprises a negative electrode electrolyte inlet, a negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path, a tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch, an array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch, a negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path and a negative electrode electrolyte outlet; the anode electrolyte inlet is an anode electrolyte distribution flow path inlet and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery, the tree-shaped anode electrolyte supply branch inlet is connected with the anode electrolyte distribution flow path, the tree-shaped anode electrolyte supply branch outlet is connected with the anode electrode through an anode current collecting plate, the array-shaped anode electrolyte discharge branch inlet is connected with the anode electrode through the anode current collecting plate, the array-shaped anode electrolyte discharge branch outlet is connected with the anode electrolyte recovery flow path, and the anode electrolyte outlet is an anode electrolyte recovery flow path outlet and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery;
the tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch is developed by the negative electrolyte distribution flow path in a step-by-step dispersed tree-shaped mode, and the plurality of array-shaped negative electrolyte discharge branches are uniformly distributed in the negative electrolyte recovery flow path and are communicated with each other;
the negative electrode current collecting plate is a flat plate with array distribution holes, and a pore passage in the current collecting plate is communicated with the outlet of the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch and the inlet of the array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch.
Further, the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch and the tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch are binary tree-shaped stepwise dispersion flow fields, namely the tree-shaped electrolyte supply branch is divided into 4 branches by 1 electrolyte supply flow path in a 90-degree rotation array, the 4 branches are divided into 16 branches, and the branches are distributed in a stepwise dispersion mode through 1-4-16.
Further, the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch and the array-shaped negative electrolyte discharge branch are distributed on the outer side of the electrode in a 3 × 3 array.
Furthermore, the materials used by the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate are inorganic non-metallic materials, metal composite materials or organic polymer materials.
Further, the anode collector plate and the cathode collector plate are made of inorganic nonmetal or metal conductive materials; the positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of a conductive metal material or a carbon material having a porous structure.
Further, the exchange membrane is a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane or a neutral exchange membrane.
Furthermore, outlets of the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch circuits and inlets of the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch circuits are arranged at equal intervals.
Furthermore, the outlets of the plurality of tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch circuits and the inlets of the plurality of array-shaped negative electrolyte discharge branch circuits are arranged at equal intervals.
The working method of the arborescent uniform flow field flow battery comprises the following steps:
step S100: the electrolyte is uniformly distributed into the electrodes:
the positive electrolyte enters the positive side of the flow battery through a positive electrolyte inlet, is uniformly distributed to the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch through a positive electrolyte distribution flow path under the action of pumping power and enters a positive electrode; meanwhile, the negative electrolyte enters the negative electrode side of the flow battery through a negative electrolyte inlet, and is uniformly distributed to the tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch through a negative electrolyte distribution flow path under the action of pumping power and enters a negative electrode;
step S200: and (3) battery charge-discharge reaction:
the electrolyte carries out charge-discharge reaction on the surface of the electrode;
step S300: uniform short-flow outflow of electrolyte:
after the reaction of the positive electrolyte is finished, the electrolyte flowing in from the outlet of each tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch flows out from the inlet of the arrayed positive electrolyte discharge branch close to the inlet of the array-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch, converges to the positive electrolyte recovery flow path and is discharged through the positive electrolyte outlet; meanwhile, after the cathode electrolyte reaction is finished, the electrolyte flowing in from the outlet of each tree-shaped cathode electrolyte supply branch flows out from the inlet of the arrayed cathode electrolyte discharge branch close to the outlet of the tree-shaped cathode electrolyte supply branch, converges to the cathode electrolyte recovery flow path and is discharged from the cathode electrolyte outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
the tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery comprises a positive flow field plate, a positive current collecting plate, a positive electrode, an exchange membrane, a negative electrode, a negative current collecting plate and a negative flow field plate which are arranged on a flow battery body; the anode current collecting plate is connected with the anode flow field plate and the anode electrode, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are separated by an exchange membrane, and the cathode current collecting plate is connected with the cathode electrode and the cathode flow field plate; the tree-shaped electrolyte supply branch is unfolded by the electrolyte distribution flow path in a step-by-step dispersed tree-shaped form, and a tree-shaped step-by-step dispersed longitudinal inflow flow field is adopted, so that the electrolyte can uniformly enter the surface of the electrode, the reaction degree of the electrolyte is improved, and the efficiency of the battery is further improved; the plurality of array-shaped electrolyte discharge branches are uniformly distributed and communicated with the electrolyte recovery flow path, and the array distribution longitudinal outflow flow field combined with the inflow flow field is adopted, so that the electrolyte can flow out of the electrode in the shortest flow path after the reaction is finished, and the pump work consumed by the battery is reduced.
Furthermore, each tree-shaped electrolyte supply branch outlet and each array-shaped electrolyte discharge branch inlet are arranged at equal intervals, after the electrolyte reaction is finished, the electrolyte flowing into each tree-shaped electrolyte supply branch outlet flows out from the array-shaped electrolyte discharge branch inlet which is closer to the tree-shaped electrolyte supply branch outlet, and converges to the electrolyte recovery flow path for discharge, so that the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet is further reduced, the extra pumping power of the battery is reduced, and the battery efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flow cell with a tree-shaped uniform flow field according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a side view of a flow collecting plate of a flow battery with a tree-shaped uniform flow field according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow of electrolyte in the electrodes of a flow cell in a conventional "flow-through" flow regime
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte flow process in the electrodes of a flow battery according to the present invention
In the figure: 1-positive electrode flow field plate, 2-positive electrode current collecting plate, 3-positive electrode, 4-exchange membrane, 5-negative electrode, 6-negative electrode current collecting plate, 7-negative electrode flow field plate, 8-positive electrode electrolyte inlet, 9-positive electrode electrolyte distribution flow path, 10-tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch, 11-array-shaped positive electrode electrolyte discharge branch, 12-positive electrode electrolyte recovery flow path, 13-positive electrode electrolyte outlet, 14-negative electrode electrolyte inlet, 15-negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path, 16-tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch, 17-array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch, 18-negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path, and 19-negative electrode electrolyte outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the examples, but without limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the dendritic uniform flow field redox flow battery of the present invention comprises a positive flow field plate 1, a positive current collecting plate 2, a positive electrode 3, an exchange membrane 4, a negative electrode 5, a negative current collecting plate 6 and a negative flow field plate 7, which are arranged on a redox flow battery body; the anode current collecting plate 2 is connected with the anode flow field plate 1 and the anode electrode 3, the anode electrode 3 and the cathode electrode 5 are separated by an exchange membrane 4, and the cathode current collecting plate 6 is connected with the cathode electrode 5 and the cathode flow field plate 7.
The positive electrode flow field plate 1 comprises a positive electrode electrolyte inlet 8, a positive electrode electrolyte distribution flow path 9, a tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch 10, an array-shaped positive electrode electrolyte discharge branch 11, a positive electrode electrolyte recovery flow path 12 and a positive electrode electrolyte outlet 13; the positive electrolyte inlet 8 is an inlet of a positive electrolyte distribution flow path 9 and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery, the inlet of a tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch 10 is connected with the positive electrolyte distribution flow path 9, the outlet of the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch 10 is connected with the positive electrode 3 through a positive current collector 2, the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch 10 is not directly communicated with an array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch 11, the inlet of the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch 11 is connected with the positive electrode 3 through the positive current collector 2, the outlet of the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch 11 is connected with a positive electrolyte recovery flow path 12, and the outlet of the positive electrolyte outlet 13 is an outlet of the positive electrolyte recovery flow path 12 and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery.
The positive electrode flow field plate 1 is a flow field plate provided with a positive electrode electrolyte distribution flow path 9, a tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch path 10, an array-shaped positive electrode electrolyte discharge branch path 11 and a positive electrode electrolyte recovery flow path 12, wherein the tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch path 10 is developed by the positive electrode electrolyte distribution flow path 9 in a binary tree form of stepwise dispersion, and the array-shaped positive electrode electrolyte discharge branch path 11 is uniformly distributed on the positive electrode electrolyte recovery flow path 12.
The positive electrode current collecting plate 2 is a flat plate with array distribution holes, and the hole channels in the current collecting plate are communicated with the outlet of the tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch 10 and the inlet of the array-shaped positive electrode electrolyte discharge branch 11.
The anode electrolyte recycling flow path 12 is longitudinally arranged in the anode flow field plate 1, the anode electrolyte outlet 13 is positioned at the top of the anode flow field plate 1, and the anode electrolyte inlet 8 is positioned on the side wall of the anode flow field plate 1.
The tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch 10 and the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch 11 are pipelines which are positioned in the positive electrode flow field plate 1 and are not mutually staggered and communicated, and the outlet of the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch 10 and the inlet of the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch 11 are arranged at equal intervals.
The negative electrode flow field plate 7 comprises a negative electrode electrolyte inlet 14, a negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path 15, a tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch 16, an array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch 17, a negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path 18 and a negative electrode electrolyte outlet 19; the negative electrode electrolyte inlet 14 is an inlet of a negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path 15 and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery, the inlet of a tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch 16 is connected with the negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path 15, the outlet of the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch 16 is connected with the negative electrode 5 through a negative current collector 6, the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch 16 is not directly communicated with an array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch 17, the inlet of the array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch 17 is connected with the negative electrode 5 through the negative current collector 6, the outlet of the array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch 17 is connected with a negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path 18, and the negative electrode electrolyte outlet 19 is an outlet of the negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path 18 and is connected with.
The negative electrode flow field plate 7 is a flow field plate provided with a negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path 15, a tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch 16, an array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch 17 and a negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path 18, wherein the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch 16 is developed by the negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path 15 in a binary tree form of stepwise dispersion, and the array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch 17 is uniformly distributed on the negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path 18.
The negative electrode current collecting plate 6 is a flat plate with array distribution holes, and the pore channel in the current collecting plate is communicated with the outlet of the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch 16 and the inlet of the array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch 17.
The cathode electrolyte recovery flow path 18 is longitudinally arranged in the cathode flow field plate 7, the cathode electrolyte outlet 19 is positioned at the top of the cathode flow field plate 7, and the cathode electrolyte inlet 14 is positioned on the side wall of the cathode flow field plate 7.
The tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch 16 and the array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch 17 are pipelines which are positioned in the negative electrode flow field plate 7 and are mutually staggered and not communicated. The outlet of the tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch 16 and the inlet of the array-shaped negative electrolyte discharge branch 17 are arranged at equal intervals.
The tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch 10 and the tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch 16 are binary tree-shaped stepwise dispersion flow fields, namely the tree-shaped electrolyte supply branch can be divided into 4 branches by 1 electrolyte supply flow path in a 90-degree rotary array, the 4 branches are further divided into 16 branches, and the electrolyte enters the electrodes more uniformly in a 1-4-16 stepwise dispersion mode; the array-like positive electrolyte discharge branch 11 and the array-like negative electrolyte discharge branch 17 are distributed outside the electrodes in a "3 × 3" array.
The materials used for the positive flow field plate 1 and the negative flow field plate 7 have the mechanical strength required by the flow battery and the corrosion resistance to the electrolyte used, and comprise inorganic non-metallic materials such as graphite, metal composite materials such as stainless steel and organic polymer materials such as polymethyl methacrylate.
The anode current collecting plate 2 and the cathode current collecting plate 6 are made of inorganic nonmetal such as graphite or conductive material of metal such as red copper; the positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of conductive metal materials or carbon materials with porous structures; the exchange membrane 4 is a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane or a neutral exchange membrane.
Wherein the electrolyte is an electrolyte with redox characteristics, i.e. containing redox couple V4+/V5+、V2+/V3+、Cr2+/Cr3+、Fe2+/Fe3+、Mn2+/Mn3+The electrolyte is an inorganic electrolyte, an organic electrolyte based on alloxazine, nitroxyl free radical or quinones, and a nanofluid electrolyte containing lithium sulfide, lithium titanate, lithium nickel manganese oxide or high molecular polymer.
Referring to fig. 3-4, the advanced theory of the present invention is analyzed as follows:
according to a fluid flow formula in the porous medium, Darcy-Brinkman modified equation:
wherein
Is the pressure gradient, mu is the viscosity coefficient, k is the porous medium permeability, V is the apparent velocity of the fluid, mumIs the effective viscosity coefficient, where in the case of the same electrode material, μ, k and μmAre all constants.
Further, the pressure difference value delta P of the inlet and the outlet under a certain length in the electrode can be obtained:
wherein l is the flow of the fluid.
In the case of the same conditions of resistance, distance, etc., the branch pressures are the same as the total pressure, so that the pressure difference of a conventional "flow-through" flow path can be derived from fig. 3:
in contrast, the flow battery with the "flow-through" structure uses the same flow rate as the flow battery of the invention, namely:
Q1＝Q2
wherein the relationship between the flow rate and the speed is as follows:
wherein w is the diameter of the cross section of the branch flow path.
Because the traditional structure and the cross section diameter of the electrode branch flow path of the flow battery are related as follows:
w1＝w2
therefore, the two fluid velocity relationships are:
as can be seen from fig. 3-4, the relationship between the conventional structure and the flow cell bypass process of the present invention is:
therefore, the relationship between the traditional structure and the inlet-outlet pressure difference of the flow battery of the invention is as follows:
therefore, the flow field pressure difference in the flow battery is far smaller than that of the flow in the traditional structure, and the electrolyte is ensured to be more uniformly distributed on the surface of the electrode, and meanwhile, the flow battery has smaller pumping work.
The working method of the tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery comprises the following steps:
step S100: the electrolyte is uniformly distributed into the electrodes:
unreacted positive electrolyte of the flow battery enters the positive side of the flow battery through a positive electrolyte inlet 8, is uniformly distributed to a tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch 10 through a positive electrolyte distribution flow path 9 under the action of pumping power and enters a positive electrode 3; similarly, the unreacted negative electrolyte of the flow battery enters the negative electrode side of the flow battery through the negative electrolyte inlet 14, and is uniformly distributed to the tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch 16 through the negative electrolyte distribution flow path 15 under the action of pump power, and enters the negative electrode 5;
step S200: and (3) battery charge-discharge reaction:
taking an acidic aqueous flow battery as an example, during charging, the positive electrolyte performs an oxidation reaction on the surface of the positive electrode 3, loses electrons and raises the valence, the lost electrons enter the negative electrode side through the positive electrode 3 and the positive collector plate 2 through an external circuit, and the protons in the electrolyte enter the negative electrode side through the exchange membrane 4 under the action of an electric field; the electrons reach the surface of the cathode electrode 5 through the cathode collector plate 6 and the cathode electrode 5 by an external circuit, and the cathode electrolyte performs a reduction reaction on the surface of the cathode to obtain electrons, so that the valence of the electrons is reduced, and the primary charging reaction of the battery is realized;
in the discharging process, the negative electrolyte is subjected to oxidation reaction on the surface of the negative electrode 5, electrons are lost and the valence is raised, the lost electrons enter the positive electrode side through the negative electrode 5 and the negative current collecting plate 6 through an external circuit, and the protons in the electrolyte enter the positive electrode side through the exchange membrane 4 under the action of an electric field; the electrons reach the surface of the anode electrode 3 through the anode collector plate 2 and the anode electrode 3 by an external circuit, and the anode electrolyte performs a reduction reaction on the surface of the anode to obtain electrons, so that the valence is reduced, and the primary discharge reaction of the battery is realized;
step S300: uniform short-flow outflow of electrolyte:
after the reaction of the positive electrolyte is finished, the electrolyte flowing in from the outlet of each tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch 10 flows out from the inlet of an array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch 11 which is close to the inlet, so that the electrolyte flows out in the lowest flow path while uniform reaction is ensured, and further the electrolyte is converged to a positive electrolyte recovery flow path 12 from the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch 11 and is discharged through a positive electrolyte outlet 13; meanwhile, after the negative electrolyte reaction is finished, the electrolyte flowing in from the outlet of each tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch 16 flows out from the inlet of the array-shaped negative electrolyte discharge branch 17 which is close to the inlet, so that the electrolyte flows out in the lowest flow path while uniform reaction is ensured, and further the electrolyte is converged to the negative electrolyte recovery flow path 18 through the array-shaped negative electrolyte discharge branch 17 and is discharged through the negative electrolyte outlet 19.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a novel binary tree-shaped longitudinal inflow flow field which is dispersed step by step, so that the electrolyte can uniformly enter the surface of the electrode, the reaction degree of the electrolyte is improved, and the efficiency of the battery is further improved; meanwhile, the invention adopts the array distribution longitudinal outflow flow field combined with the inflow flow field to ensure that the electrolyte can flow out of the electrode in the shortest flow after the reaction is finished, thereby reducing the pumping work consumed by the battery.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A flow battery with a tree-shaped uniform flow field is characterized in that: the flow cell comprises a positive flow field plate (1), a positive current collecting plate (2), a positive electrode (3), an exchange membrane (4), a negative electrode (5), a negative current collecting plate (6) and a negative flow field plate (7) which are arranged on a flow cell body;
the anode current collecting plate (2) is connected with the anode flow field plate (1) and the anode electrode (3), the anode electrode (3) and the cathode electrode (5) are separated by an exchange membrane (4), and the cathode current collecting plate (6) is connected with the cathode electrode (5) and the cathode flow field plate (7);
the positive electrode flow field plate (1) is internally provided with a positive electrode electrolyte inlet (8), a positive electrode electrolyte distribution flow path (9), a tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch (10), an array-shaped positive electrode electrolyte discharge branch (11), a positive electrode electrolyte recovery flow path (12) and a positive electrode electrolyte outlet (13); the positive electrolyte inlet (8) is an inlet of a positive electrolyte distribution flow path (9) and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery, an inlet of a tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch (10) is connected with the positive electrolyte distribution flow path (9), an outlet of the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch (10) is connected with the positive electrode (3) through a positive current collector plate (2), an inlet of an array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch (11) is connected with the positive electrode (3) through the positive current collector plate (2), an outlet of the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch (11) is connected with a positive electrolyte recovery flow path (12), and a positive electrolyte outlet (13) is an outlet of the positive electrolyte recovery flow path (12) and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery;
the tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch (10) is developed by the positive electrolyte distribution flow path (9) in a tree-shaped form of gradual dispersion, and a plurality of array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branches (11) are uniformly distributed and communicated with the positive electrolyte recovery flow path (12); the positive electrode current collecting plate (2) is a flat plate with array distribution holes, and a pore passage in the current collecting plate is communicated with an outlet of the tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch (10) and an inlet of the array-shaped positive electrode electrolyte discharge branch (11);
the negative electrode flow field plate (7) comprises a negative electrode electrolyte inlet (14), a negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path (15), a tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch (16), an array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch (17), a negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path (18) and a negative electrode electrolyte outlet (19); the negative electrode electrolyte inlet (14) is an inlet of a negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path (15) and is connected with the outer side of the flow battery, an inlet of a tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch (16) is connected with the negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path (15), an outlet of the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch (16) is connected with a negative electrode (5) through a negative current collector plate (6), an inlet of an array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch (17) is connected with the negative electrode (5) through the negative current collector plate (6), an outlet of the array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch (17) is connected with a negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path (18), and a negative electrode electrolyte outlet (19) is an outlet of the negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path (18) and is connected with the outer side of the;
the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch (16) is developed by the negative electrode electrolyte distribution flow path (15) in a step-by-step dispersion tree-shaped form, and a plurality of array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branches (17) are uniformly distributed in the negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path (18) and communicated with the negative electrode electrolyte recovery flow path;
the negative electrode current collecting plate (6) is a flat plate with array distribution holes, and a pore passage in the current collecting plate is communicated with an outlet of the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch (16) and an inlet of the array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branch (17);
the tree-shaped positive electrode electrolyte supply branch (10) and the tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branch (16) are binary tree-shaped stepwise dispersion flow fields, namely the tree-shaped electrolyte supply branch is divided into 4 branches by 1 electrolyte supply flow path in a 90-degree rotary array, the 4 branches are divided into 16 branches, and the branches are distributed in a stepwise dispersion mode through 1-4-16;
outlets of all tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branches (10) and inlets of all array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branches (11) are arranged at equal intervals;
outlets of the plurality of tree-shaped negative electrode electrolyte supply branches (16) and inlets of the plurality of array-shaped negative electrode electrolyte discharge branches (17) are arranged at equal intervals.
2. The dendritic uniform flow field flow battery of claim 1, wherein: the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch (11) and the array-shaped negative electrolyte discharge branch (17) are distributed on the outer side of the electrode in a 3 multiplied by 3 array.
3. The dendritic uniform flow field flow battery of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the materials used by the anode flow field plate (1) and the cathode flow field plate (7) are inorganic non-metallic materials, metal composite materials or organic polymer materials.
4. The dendritic uniform flow field flow battery of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the anode current collecting plate (2) and the cathode current collecting plate (6) are made of inorganic nonmetal or metal conductive materials; the positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of a conductive metal material or a carbon material having a porous structure.
5. The dendritic uniform flow field flow battery of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the exchange membrane (4) is a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane or a middle exchange membrane.
6. The method for operating a tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step S100: the electrolyte is uniformly distributed into the electrodes:
the positive electrolyte enters the positive side of the flow battery through a positive electrolyte inlet (8), is uniformly distributed to a tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch (10) through a positive electrolyte distribution flow path (9) under the action of pumping power and enters a positive electrode (3); meanwhile, the negative electrolyte enters the negative side of the flow battery through a negative electrolyte inlet (14), is uniformly distributed to a tree-shaped negative electrolyte supply branch (16) through a negative electrolyte distribution flow path (15) under the action of pumping power and enters a negative electrode (5);
step S200: and (3) battery charge-discharge reaction:
the electrolyte carries out charge-discharge reaction on the surface of the electrode;
step S300: uniform short-flow outflow of electrolyte:
after the reaction of the positive electrolyte is finished, the electrolyte flowing in from the outlet of each tree-shaped positive electrolyte supply branch (10) flows out from the inlet of the array-shaped positive electrolyte discharge branch (11) which is closer to the inlet, converges to the positive electrolyte recovery flow path (12), and is discharged through the positive electrolyte outlet (13); meanwhile, after the cathode electrolyte reaction is finished, the electrolyte flowing in from the outlet of each tree-shaped cathode electrolyte supply branch (16) flows out from the inlet of the array-shaped cathode electrolyte discharge branch (17) which is closer to the inlet, and converges to the cathode electrolyte recovery flow path (18) to be discharged through the cathode electrolyte outlet (19).
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| CN201910053625.7A CN109888351B (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | Tree-shaped uniform flow field flow battery and working method thereof |
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| CN109888351B true CN109888351B (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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