A kind of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to thin-film material magnetic control technical fields, and in particular to a kind of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane and its
Preparation method.
Background technique
The demand for development electronic component of digitalized electron industry and the communication technology is towards high integration, high-frequency and nanometer
Change direction to develop.Thin magnetic film as core material after nanosizing, can generate as huge conductance effect, giant magnetoresistance effect,
The special electromagnet phenomenon such as giant Hall effect.This makes magnetic nanoscale films in high density storage, magnetic resistance sensor, high frequency sensing
The fields such as device, MEMS, micro-transformer, electromagnetism interference and microwave absorption have a wide range of applications.
Nanosizing refers to crystallite dimension control in the range of 1~100nm.Meet application requirement sometimes for obtaining
Performance, crystallite dimension are even less than 5nm.However, the reduction of crystallite dimension can be such that the magnetism of film is influenced by thermal agitation, generate
Superparamagnetic e ffect.And crystallite dimension reduces, and will affect the signal-to-noise ratio of magnetic signal, enhances the scattering of conduction electronics and influences thin
The resistivity and high frequency performance of film.Meanwhile the crystal grain of small size is easy to produce the phase transformation different from block, reduces the magnetism of film
Energy.Therefore, nano particle is embedded into dielectric (such as: SiO, SiO2, MgO etc.) in form nanoparticle composite film, benefit
Particle is improved to the effect of compound membrane granule coupling, magnetic anisotropy and demagnetization effects etc. with dielectric and refines rear film
Magnetism.And electronics also will affect the magnetism and magnetic resistive energy of nano-particles reinforcement film in intergranular tunnel-effect, produce
The raw special effects such as Hall effect and tunnel magneto resistance.However, nano-particles reinforcement film merging growth and size be difficult to control,
Grain size and the problems such as be unevenly distributed, limits that nano-particles reinforcement film is magnetic to be further increased.It is new therefore, it is necessary to develop
Preparation method magnetic property is improved by the control of nano particle in composite membrane.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of magnetic nanoparticle composite membranes and preparation method thereof.This
The prepared magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane of invention can control merging growth, granular size and the distributing homogeneity of nano particle
Deng to realize magnetic raising while particle refinement.Using composite membrane prepared by the invention especially suitable for number
Change the electronic component of electronics industry and field of communication technology.
A kind of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane, the composite membrane are formed by magnetosphere and the continuous alternating deposit of insulating layer, multiple
Conjunction film thickness is 15~100nm;
The magnetosphere is that the tunic formed in dielectric, the magnetism are uniformly embedded by the magnetic-particle of size uniformity
Particulate component is Fe or Fe-Ni, and magnetic particle size score is 80~95%, and the diameter of magnetic-particle is 1~20nm, magnetosphere
With a thickness of 1~20nm;
The insulating layer is made of dielectric, with a thickness of 0.1~10nm.
Magnetosphere is by dielectric SiO coated magnetic particle, dielectric of the magnetic-particle in magnetosphere in the present invention
In neatly arrange.
Magnetic-particle is size uniformity in the present invention, i.e., the magnetic-particle size in magnetosphere, which is distributed, to be concentrated, and changes model
Enclose is the 1~2% of magnetic-particle size.
Preferably, the Fe-Ni is Fe20Ni80。
Preferably, the dielectric is SiO.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation methods of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane, comprising the following steps:
Using pretreated quartz plate or monocrystalline silicon piece as substrate;Using metallic particles and SiO particle as deposits materials composite membrane, the metal
Particle and SiO particle diameter are 1~3mm, purity >=99.99%, and the metallic particles is Fe or Fe-Ni particle;Deposition parameter:
The vacuum degree of coating chamber is superior or equal to 5.0 × 10-5Pa, 900~1600 DEG C of molecular beam source temperature, sample stage temperature 25~
500℃;Magnetosphere and the continuous alternating deposit of insulating layer to composite film thickness are 15~100nm;
The magnetospheric deposition: the molecular beam evaporation source baffle and base for being placed with metallic particles and SiO particle are opened simultaneously
The deposition rate ratio of piece baffle, metallic particles and SiO particle is 1:1~20:1, and control magnetic layer thickness is 1~20nm;
The deposition of the insulating layer: will be placed with the molecular beam evaporation source flapper closure of metallic particles, individually deposit SiO, control
Thickness of insulating layer processed is 0.1~10nm.
Continuous alternating deposit magnetosphere and insulating layer in the present invention are realized to nano particle in magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane
Merging growth, granular size and distributing homogeneity etc. control.
It is closer apart from evaporation source due to substrate in the present invention, and it is located at homogeneity range, in the area, deposition rate is to steam
Send out rate.
Preferably, in the deposition of the magnetosphere and insulating layer, thicknesses of layers is controlled by evaporation time.
Preferably, the Fe-Ni is Fe20Ni80。
Preferably, the pretreated quartz plate or monocrystalline silicon piece are the rotten-stone for selecting surface roughness to be less than 0.5nm
English piece or monocrystalline silicon piece are successively cleaned by ultrasonic 15min in acetone, deionized water and alcoholic solution, with the high pressure of high-purity argon gas
Spray gun drying.
Preferably, molecular beam evaporation source baffle is closed after the deposition composite membrane, and substrate temperature is down to room temperature, cooling speed
Rate takes out composite membrane less than 15 DEG C/min.
Magnetosphere is to make magnetic-particle by two molecular beam evaporation source coevaporation metallic particles and dielectric in the present invention
It is uniformly embedded into dielectric, makes magnetic nanoparticle laterally neat arrangement;In insulating layer preparation, molecular beam evaporation source list
Dielectric is solely evaporated, is separated metallic particles on longitudinal direction, to control magnetic particle size.
A kind of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane of the present invention and preparation method thereof, compared with prior art, beneficial effect is:
1, a kind of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane of the present invention and preparation method thereof, by alternating deposit magnetosphere with it is non magnetic
Layer prepares the magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane that magnetic-particle size is controllable, arrangement is neat;
2, in magnetosphere preparation process, co-evaporating metal and dielectric using molecular beam source makes the metal magnetic of composite membrane
Particle is uniformly embedded into dielectric, the size of influencing magnetic particles, and making particle, laterally arrangement is neat;Alternately deposited layers growth
Method then can by magnetosphere and nonmagnetic layer surface can be differently formed magnetic-particle, keep particle longitudinal arrangement neat,
And it can control magnetospheric thickness to achieve the purpose that control magnetic particle size;
3, by electron gun temperature adjust growth rate, the merging growth of particle can be influenced, can control particle size and its
Volume fraction of the uniformity and magnetic-particle of distribution in composite membrane;
4, a kind of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane of the invention, realizes the raising and coercive of composite membrane saturation magnetization
Power is from several oersteds to the variation of several hundred oersteds;Make that still there is magnetism in particle size 3.6nm, reduces and superparamagnetic occurs
The crystallite dimension of effect;Change the electrical property of nano-particles reinforcement film;
5, a kind of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane and preparation method thereof of the invention, equipment is simply reproducible, and film is raw
Long controllability is good, and the composite membrane of preparation is with high purity, high-quality, low in cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of cross section structure schematic diagram of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane of preparation of the embodiment of the present invention;Wherein, 1-
Magnetosphere;2-SiO insulating layer;Magnetic nanoparticle Fe in 3- magnetosphere20Ni80-SiO;Dielectric in 4- magnetosphere
SiO.Wherein magnetic layer thickness is 6nm, and insulating layer SiO is with a thickness of 1nm;
Fig. 2 is Fe prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 120Ni80- SiO magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane cross-section TEM figure;
Fig. 3 is Fe prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 120Ni80- SiO magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane cross-section high-resolution TEM figure;
Fig. 4 is Fe20Ni80Metal film (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepare Fe20Ni80- SiO magnetic nanoparticle is multiple
Close the optical contrast figure of film (b);
Fig. 5 is Fe20Ni80Metal film (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepare Fe20Ni80- SiO magnetic nanoparticle is multiple
Close film (b) surface topography comparison diagram;
Fig. 6 is Fe20Ni80Metal film (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepare Fe20Ni80- SiO magnetic nanoparticle is multiple
Close film (b) magnetic domain comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Test method described in following embodiments is unless otherwise specified usual manner;Agents useful for same and material, such as
Without specified otherwise, commercially obtain.
Embodiment 1
Fe20Ni80Evaporation rate at 1375 DEG C is 0.916nm/min, and evaporation rate of SiO when for 982 DEG C is
0.238nm/min。Fe20Ni80SiO layer deposits 6min33s with above-mentioned rate, and insulating layer SiO is deposited with above-mentioned rate
4min12s, alternating deposit 5 times.The preparation method of magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane the following steps are included:
Step 1, substrate selection and pretreatment:
Select surface roughness be less than 0.5nm crystal orientation for (100) polished silicon slice, by silicon wafer successively in acetone, go
It is cleaned by ultrasonic 15min in ionized water and alcoholic solution, and is dried up with the high-pressure spray gun of high-purity argon gas;
Step 2, raw material preparation:
The raw materials used Fe for diameter 1mm20Ni80The SiO particle that particle and diameter are 3mm, material purity are
99.999%, two kinds of raw materials are respectively put into the big mouth crucible of 2 customizations, crucible is respectively put into two electron guns, and is closed
Beam cut-off source baffle;
Step 3, compound film preparation:
The substrate handled in step 1 is put on sample stage.When the vacuum degree of coating chamber is better than 5.0 × 10-5When Pa, by sample
Sample platform is warming up to 200 DEG C with the rate of 15 DEG C/min;Fe will be placed with20Ni80The molecular beam evaporation source of particle is warming up to 1375 DEG C,
The molecular beam evaporation source for being placed with SiO particle is warming up to 982 DEG C, deposits composite membrane:
(1) prepared by magnetosphere: opening simultaneously two molecular beam evaporation source baffles, after rate stabilization to be evaporated, opens substrate
Baffle, starts simultaneously at timing, and sedimentation time 6min33s closes substrate baffle plate after timing;
(2) prepared by insulating layer: will be placed with Fe20Ni80The molecular beam evaporation source flapper closure of particle is placed with point of SiO particle
Beamlet evaporation source gear is kept open, and is opened substrate baffle plate, is started simultaneously at timing, sedimentation time 4min12s, timing terminates
After close substrate baffle plate;
It repeats (1) (2) 5 times, closes substrate baffle plate, close electron gun baffle, replacing for magnetosphere and insulating layer can be realized
Growth;
Step 4, substrate temperature is cooled to room temperature, and takes out composite membrane, and wherein rate of temperature fall is 15 DEG C/min.
Fe is made20Ni80The structure of-SiO magnetic nanoparticle composite films is as shown in Figure 1, section TEM figure and section
High-Resolution Map is respectively Fig. 2 and Fig. 3;Wherein Fig. 2 can be seen that composite membrane and obvious layering occurs, have between every layer on longitudinal direction bright
Aobvious SiO layer, i.e., white bright line part in figure.Fig. 3 is it is apparent that Fe20Ni80- SiO magnetic-particle, and magnetosphere
Endoparticle arrangement is uniform.
Fe is made20Ni80- SiO magnetic nanoparticle composite films and Fe20Ni80The magnetic property of metal film, surface shape
Looks, domain structure comparison diagram be respectively Fig. 3,4 and 5, by comparison as can be seen that Fe in Fig. 320Ni80- SiO magnetic Nano
The coercivity of grain composite membrane is greater than metal film Fe20Ni80, the two saturation magnetization difference is little.Due to nano particle in Fig. 4
Merging, Fe20Ni80The surface particles of-SiO magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane are greater than pure FeNi film.The Fe from Fig. 520Ni80-
SiO magnetic nanoparticle composite membrane can be seen that apparent domain structure.