CN109884135B - Oil-gas two-phase flow pattern representation method and device - Google Patents
Oil-gas two-phase flow pattern representation method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for representing oil-gas two-phase flow pattern, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosity at different temperatures and different pressures; obtaining the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities at temperature and gas-oil ratios and/or the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities at pressure and gas-oil ratios. The invention can not only represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of light oil under normal temperature and pressure, but also represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of crude oil with different viscosity under high temperature and pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas flow characteristics in a shaft lifting process of oil exploitation, in particular to a method and a device for representing an oil-gas two-phase flow pattern.
Background
Along with the extraction of crude oil from a stratum with the depth of thousands of meters, most oil wells do not flow in a single phase but flow in three phases of oil, gas or oil, gas and water, multiphase pipe flow becomes an important research object in the field of petroleum engineering, two phases of oil and gas are an important aspect, and the research of two-phase flow of oil and gas has very important significance for guiding the analysis design of an oil field production system and the crude oil gathering and transportation engineering.
The thickened oil can be divided into shallow thickened oil (300-3000 m, also called light oil), deep thickened oil (more than 3000 m) and ultra-deep thickened oil (more than 5000 m), the problem of the mobility of the thickened oil in the stratum needs to be solved in the shallow thickened oil recovery, the problem of the mobility of the thickened oil in a shaft needs to be solved in the deep and ultra-deep thickened oil recovery, and the deep and ultra-deep thickened oil reserves account for about 50% of the thickened oil reserves. In the process of oil exploitation, the temperatures and pressures of different well depth positions are different, the temperature of 6800m well depth can reach about 150 ℃, and the pressure can reach 64 MPa. During the lifting process of the shaft, the viscosity of crude oil is increased along with the reduction of temperature and pressure, and the crude oil gradually loses fluidity; in addition, oil and gas are mixed in the lifting process of the shaft, so that oil and water form complex emulsion, the viscosity of shaft fluid is further increased, the lifting friction resistance is increased, and the heavy oil shaft is difficult to lift and even stops production. Therefore, the fact that the flow pattern rule of the oil-gas two-phase shaft is clear is the key for solving the problem of thick oil exploitation, and the development of the flow pattern research of the oil-gas two-phase shaft with high temperature and high pressure has very important significance.
At present, most of oil-gas two-phase flow experiments are carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, and the adopted oil samples are light oil with low viscosity (the viscosity is less than or equal to 400mPa & s), so that the obtained oil-gas two-phase flow state of the light oil at normal temperature and normal pressure is a two-phase flow state of the light oil at normal temperature and normal pressure. An effective solution for representing the oil-gas two-phase flow state of crude oil with different viscosities under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure does not exist in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an oil-gas two-phase flow pattern characterization method, which can not only characterize the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of light oil under normal temperature and normal pressure, but also characterize the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of crude oil with different viscosities under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosity at different temperatures and different pressures;
obtaining the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise the plates of the temperatures and the gas-oil ratios of the crude oil with different viscosities and/or the plates of the pressures and the gas-oil ratios of the crude oil with different viscosities;
obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosity at different temperatures and different pressures, comprising the following steps: placing the crude oil with different viscosities in environments with different temperatures and different pressures to obtain oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curves of the crude oil with different viscosities; obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosity according to the oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curve of the crude oil with different viscosity; the temperature range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data is 30 ℃ to 170 ℃, and/or the pressure range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data is 0MPa to 65 MPa.
The embodiment of the invention provides an oil-gas two-phase flow pattern characterization device, which can not only characterize the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of light oil under normal temperature and normal pressure, but also characterize the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of crude oil with different viscosities under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and the device comprises:
the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data acquisition module is used for acquiring oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures;
the plate obtaining module is used for obtaining plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios and/or plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios;
the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data acquisition module is specifically used for: placing the crude oil with different viscosities in environments with different temperatures and different pressures to obtain oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curves of the crude oil with different viscosities; obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosity according to the oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curve of the crude oil with different viscosity; the temperature range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data is 30 ℃ to 170 ℃, and/or the pressure range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data is 0MPa to 65 MPa.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can be operated on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern characterization method when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program for executing the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern characterization method.
In the embodiment of the invention, oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures are obtained; obtaining the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios and/or the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios, so that the plates can represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the light oil at normal temperature and normal pressure and can also represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the crude oil with different viscosities under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for characterizing a two-phase flow pattern of oil and gas in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature high-pressure wellbore simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern distribution of 1043 mPas crude oil at different temperatures and pressures according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a two-phase flow distribution chart of oil and gas under different pressures of 1043 mPas crude oil at 50 ℃ in the example of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a two-phase flow pattern of oil and gas at 10356mPa s crude oil at different temperatures and pressures according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the distribution of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern at different pressures of 10356mPa s crude oil at 50 ℃ in an example of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-gas two-phase flow pattern characterization device in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for characterizing a flow pattern of oil and gas phases in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
101, obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures;
102, obtaining plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise plates of the crude oil with different viscosities at temperature and gas-oil ratios and/or plates of the crude oil with different viscosities at pressure and gas-oil ratios.
In the embodiment of the invention, the plates comprise plates of the temperature and the gas-oil ratio of the crude oil with different viscosity and/or plates of the pressure and the gas-oil ratio of the crude oil with different viscosity, so that the plates can not only represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the light oil under normal temperature and normal pressure, but also represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the crude oil with different viscosity under high temperature and high pressure conditions.
In one embodiment, obtaining oil and gas two-phase flow profile data for different viscosity crude oils at different temperatures and different pressures may include:
placing the crude oil with different viscosities in environments with different temperatures and different pressures to obtain oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curves of the crude oil with different viscosities;
and obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosity according to the oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curve of the crude oil with different viscosity.
In specific implementation, the crude oil with different viscosities can be a mixed fluid comprising oil, gas and water, the gas can be natural gas, the oil can be Tahe crude oil, the above process can enable the mixed fluid to flow at a set flow rate, and the range of the set flow rate can be 0.01-0.20 m/s.
The oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosity can be obtained by using the high-temperature high-pressure shaft simulator according to the steps, and it can be understood that the high-temperature high-pressure shaft simulator is only an example, and other devices for obtaining the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosity can be adopted, and related variations all fall within the protection scope of the invention.
In one embodiment, the oil and gas two-phase flow pattern may include at least one of:
unidirectional flow, bubbly flow, bullet flow, creeping flow, slug flow, annular flow, and mist flow.
In one embodiment, the temperature range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data may be 30 ℃ to 170 ℃, and/or the pressure range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data may be 0 to 65MPa, and the temperature range and the pressure range include not only normal temperature and normal pressure, but also high temperature and high pressure conditions, so that the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at normal temperature and normal temperature can be obtained, and the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at high temperature and high temperature can also be obtained.
In one embodiment, the plates can use different colors and/or shapes to represent different oil and gas two-phase flow patterns, so that a more intuitive effect is achieved.
In one embodiment, the chart displays the boundaries of different oil-gas two-phase flow patterns, thereby clearly showing the boundaries of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the crude oil at temperature, pressure and gas-oil ratio.
In one embodiment, the gas-oil ratio can range from 0 to 325.
An embodiment is given below to illustrate the specific application of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern characterization method provided by the present invention.
In this embodiment, a high-temperature high-pressure wellbore simulation apparatus is used to perform multiple experiments to obtain oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-temperature high-pressure wellbore simulation apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes: the circulating mechanism comprises a reciprocating circulating pump 2, a circulating oil pipe 6, a sample preparation and transfer device 4 and a medicine adding bag 11; the temperature and pressure control mechanism comprises an oil bath circulating ring sleeve 8, an oil bath temperature controller 7 and a pressure regulating pump 3; the data measurement and acquisition mechanism comprises a plurality of sensors (a pressure sensor P1, a pressure sensor P2, a pressure sensor P3, a pressure difference sensor delta P1 and a pressure difference sensor delta P2), the sensors are connected to the circulating oil pipe 6, and the data measurement and acquisition mechanism further comprises a resistivity meter 14 capable of measuring the phase fraction.
When the method is specifically implemented, firstly, crude oil with different viscosities is placed in environments with different temperatures and different pressures to obtain oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curves of the crude oil with different viscosities, and the process comprises the following steps:
respectively obtaining mixed fluid of the Tahe crude oil, the natural gas and the water of the crude oil with the viscosity of 1043mPa & s and the viscosity of 10356mPa & s;
obtaining the pressure P in the circulating pipeline 61；
Placing natural gas in the medicine adding bag 11 and pressurizing to corresponding pressure, and making the volume V0The crude oil of the tower river is added into a circulating pipeline 6 and is openedThe reciprocating circulating pump 2 is characterized in that in the circulating operation process of the mixed fluid, the pressure regulating pump 3 and the medicine adding bag 11 are utilized to add natural gas into the circulating pipeline 6 at a constant temperature of 50 ℃, the pressure change of the circulating pipeline 6 is observed, and the pressure P in the circulating pipeline 6 after the pressure is stable is obtained2；
Then adding natural gas into the circulating pipeline 6 at normal pressure, and observing the temperature change of the circulating pipeline 6;
the gas-oil ratio is calculated according to the following formula:
GOR＝V2/Vo
V1P1＝V2P2
wherein GOR is the gas-oil ratio;
P1the pressure in the pipeline 6 is recycled before gas injection;
V1the residual volume in the circulation pipe 6 before gas injection;
P2the pressure in the pipe 6 is circulated after the gas is injected.
In the range of the crude oil flow velocity of 0.01-0.20 m/s, the resistivity instrument 14 in the data measurement and acquisition mechanism can measure the oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curve of the mixed fluid at different temperatures and pressures. The measurement principle of the resistivity meter 14 is: the resistivity meter 14 sends out a constant value current, after the current passes through the resistor, the voltage value at two ends of the resistor is measured, and the resistance value is indirectly reflected through the voltage value. The electrical impedance of the mixed fluid depends on concentration and phase distribution, and along with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the probe are connected by gas phase or separated by oil phase, the circuit outputs low potential or high potential signals, different fluctuation signals can be obtained for the mixed fluid with different flowing types, and thus different resistivity spectrum characteristic curves, namely oil-gas two-phase resistivity spectrum characteristic curves, can be obtained.
Then, according to the oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curve of the crude oil with different viscosity, obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosity, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
and analyzing the flow type of the curve according to the change rule of the resistance value in the oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curve of the mixed fluid measured by the resistivity meter 14.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern distribution of 1043 mPas crude oil at different temperatures and normal pressures according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a two-phase flow distribution chart of oil and gas under different pressures of 1043 mPas crude oil at 50 ℃ in the example of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the two-phase flow pattern distribution of oil and gas at 10356mPa s crude oil at normal pressure and different temperatures according to an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the distribution of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of 10356mPa s crude oil at different pressures at 50 ℃ in the example of the present invention, in fig. 3-6, different shapes are used to represent different oil-gas two-phase flow patterns, and the boundaries of different oil-gas two-phase flow patterns are labeled, and all represent the flow patterns at different pressures and temperatures, under different gas-oil ratios, the oil-gas two-phase flow patterns of crude oil with different viscosities comprise one-way flow, bubble flow, bullet flow, creeping flow, slug flow, annular flow and mist flow.
In the embodiment of the invention, oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures are obtained; obtaining the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios and/or the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios, and the plates can represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the light oil under normal temperature and normal pressure and can also represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the crude oil with different viscosities under high temperature and high pressure conditions.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention can represent various oil-gas two-phase flow patterns such as unidirectional flow, bubble flow, bullet flow, creeping flow, slug flow, annular flow, mist flow and the like, adopts different colors and/or shapes to represent different oil-gas two-phase flow patterns, achieves a more intuitive effect, and can clearly show the limits of the oil-gas two-phase flow patterns of the crude oil at temperature, pressure and gas-oil ratio.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides an oil-gas two-phase flow pattern characterization device, as described in the following implementation. Because the principles of solving the problems are similar to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern representation method, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the method, and repeated parts are not repeated.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-gas two-phase flow pattern characterization device in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the device includes:
an oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data obtaining module 701, configured to obtain oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures;
the plate obtaining module 702 is configured to obtain plates of the crude oils with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oils with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, where the plates include plates of the crude oils with different viscosities at temperature and gas-oil ratios and/or plates of the crude oils with different viscosities at pressure and gas-oil ratios.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures is obtained; obtaining the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios and/or the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios, and the plates can represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the light oil under normal temperature and normal pressure and can also represent the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern of the crude oil with different viscosities under high temperature and high pressure conditions.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention can represent various oil-gas two-phase flow patterns such as unidirectional flow, bubble flow, bullet flow, creeping flow, slug flow, annular flow, mist flow and the like, different colors and/or shapes are adopted to represent different oil-gas two-phase flow patterns, a more visual effect is achieved, and the boundary lines of the oil-gas two-phase flow patterns of the crude oil at the temperature, the pressure and the gas-oil ratio can be clearly displayed.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for characterizing a flow pattern of an oil gas two-phase flow, comprising:
obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosity at different temperatures and different pressures;
obtaining the plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise the plates of the temperatures and the gas-oil ratios of the crude oil with different viscosities and/or the plates of the pressures and the gas-oil ratios of the crude oil with different viscosities;
obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosity at different temperatures and different pressures, comprising the following steps: placing the crude oil with different viscosities in environments with different temperatures and different pressures to obtain oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curves of the crude oil with different viscosities; obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosity according to the oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curve of the crude oil with different viscosity; the temperature range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data is 30 ℃ to 170 ℃, and/or the pressure range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data is 0MPa to 65 MPa.
2. The oil and gas two-phase flow regime characterization method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas two-phase flow regime comprises at least one of:
unidirectional flow, bubbly flow, bullet flow, creeping flow, slug flow, annular flow, and mist flow.
3. The method of characterizing an oil and gas two-phase flow pattern of claim 1, wherein said plates use different colors and/or shapes to represent different oil and gas two-phase flow patterns.
4. The method of characterizing an oil and gas two-phase flow pattern of claim 1, wherein the chart displays boundaries of different oil and gas two-phase flow patterns.
5. The method for characterizing oil and gas two-phase flow regime of claim 4, wherein the gas to oil ratio is in a range of 0 to 325.
6. An oil and gas two-phase flow pattern characterization device, comprising:
the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data acquisition module is used for acquiring oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures;
the plate obtaining module is used for obtaining plates of the crude oil with different viscosities according to the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures and different pressures, wherein the plates comprise plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios and/or plates of the crude oil with different viscosities and gas-oil ratios;
the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data acquisition module is specifically used for: placing the crude oil with different viscosities in environments with different temperatures and different pressures to obtain oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curves of the crude oil with different viscosities; obtaining oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data of the crude oil with different viscosity according to the oil-gas two-phase resistivity frequency spectrum characteristic curve of the crude oil with different viscosity; the temperature range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data is 30 ℃ to 170 ℃, and/or the pressure range of the oil-gas two-phase flow pattern data is 0MPa to 65 MPa.
7. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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