CN104700316B - A kind of nonuniformity evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance - Google Patents

A kind of nonuniformity evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance Download PDF

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CN104700316B
CN104700316B CN201510155952.5A CN201510155952A CN104700316B CN 104700316 B CN104700316 B CN 104700316B CN 201510155952 A CN201510155952 A CN 201510155952A CN 104700316 B CN104700316 B CN 104700316B
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陈中红
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method that nonuniformity evaluates mud shale oil generation tolerance, containing following steps: one, to different depth point intensive sampling on mud shale section, and detect acquisition basic parameter value by Rock-Eval pyrolysis, determine organic matter type; Two, conceputal modeling calculate multi-form organic carbon content; Three, design simulation experiment, sets up heavy-hydrocarbon oil productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model.Four, calculate total hydrocarbon amount and heavy oil mass, lightweight oil mass and the amount of coalbed methane generated of mud shale different depth dot generation and discharge, evaluate the nonuniformity of mud shale oiliness and gas-bearing property.Model of the present invention is based upon on a large amount of sample number strong point of section, nonuniformity evaluation can be carried out to mud shale hydrocarbon resources, when in limited sample situation, in conjunction with well-log information, the present invention stands good, and therefore has important meaning to the nonuniformity of quantitatively characterizing mud shale oil-gas possibility and accurate evaluation unconventional mud shale hydrocarbon resources.

Description

A kind of nonuniformity evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas exploration and development technical field, specifically, relate to a kind of evaluation method of mud shale oil generation tolerance.
Background technology
Due to the energy demand constantly risen and the Pressure on Energy day by day increased, this unconventional energy resource of mud shale oil gas is allowed to be subject to increasing attention.The prostatitis in the world is walked in the exploratory development of the U.S. to mud shale, is that the exploitation of current mud shale gas large-scale commercial applications obtains successful unique country.1976, USDOE starts to pay close attention to Eastern Shale gas, the research (Curtis, 2002) for shale gas geology, geochemistry and petroleum engineering has been carried out with regard to five large shale gas systems such as Antrim shale, Ohio shale, NewAlbany shale, Barnett shale and Lewis shale.Canada following closely, has also carried out exploration and the experimental study of shale gas in recent years, has carried out assessing (RossD & Bustin, 2007,2008) to the Exploration Potential of the Devonian system, the Carboniferous system and Jurassic systerm shale gas.
In domestic natural gas resource composition, the contribution of source rocks in coal measures and Marine Carbonate Rocks is larger, and domestic researcher and explorationists pay close attention to formation and the Exploration Potential (Zhang Jinchuan etc. of western part of China and south Paleozoic Era marine facies and coal measures shale gas to shale gas more, 2003,2004,2007,2008,2009; Zhang Shuichang etc., 2006; Beam Di Gang etc., 2008; Ye Jun etc., 2008; Nie Haikuan etc., 2009,2010,2011; Zhu Hua etc., 2009; Wang Lansheng etc., 2009; Wang Shiqian etc., 2009; Xu Shilin etc., 2009; Cheng Keming etc., 2009; Yellow nationality is medium, and 2009; Pu Boling etc., 2008,2010; Dong great Zhong etc., 2009,2010; Fu little Dong etc., 2011; Chen Shangbin etc., 2011; Liang Xing etc., 2011; Wang Shejiao etc., 2011); The rock gas proportion that lacustrine source generates is less, and the oil shale fuel gas exploration deriving from Eastern China lacustrine source is in the starting stage especially in China.Lacustrine source is as the main hydrocarbon-generation matter of Chinese postman problem algorithm, very asymmetric to the contribution proportion of natural gas source with it.Its main cause is, Chinese most lake basin buries relatively shallow, does not enter high one-tenth maturation valve limit.But Eastern China Lacustrine Basins very rich oil, for Dongying Depression Paleogene System, be typical rich oil lake basin, wherein grown the mud shale of large cover, form the system of relative closure, a large amount of hydro carbons is detained wherein, therefore can form abundant unconventional mud shale hydrocarbon resources.
Hydrocarbon resources amount in mud shale is that SOLID ORGANIC matter changes into after liquid state or gaseous hydrocarbon through thermal evolution and is stored in the hole of mud shale, the parameter characterizing mud shale hydrocarbon resources amount has (Hydrocarbon yield account for the ratio of raw hydrocarbon amount) such as original hydrocarbon potential (referring to the organic amount changing into hydrocarbon completely), raw hydrocarbon amount (having generated the amount of hydrocarbon at present), Hydrocarbon yield (generate hydrocarbon and discharge the amount of self rock) and hydrocarbon expulsive coefficients, and these parameters are established a capital relevant with the organic carbon content in mud shale really.Because rift terrestrial lake basin hydrocarbon source rock exists serious nonuniformity, show as the organic nonuniformity of distribution and the lack of uniformity of source rock compacting, therefore, this causes the generation of hydro carbons in hydrocarbon source rock and discharges usually is not all even continuous print, thus causes the nonuniformity of hydrocarbon resources distribution in mud shale system.
The north America region of successful exploration exploitation shale oil gas has enrichment about shale oil gas in the world, the basic standard of recoverability is: abundance of organic matter is higher, degree of ripeness is higher, general organic matter type better, brittle mineral content higher (clay mineral content is lower).But at China's continental basins, the especially rifted-basin of east, sedimentary facies change is frequent, and in mud shale, organic distribution nonuniformity is strong.Therefore, a set of strong operability, effective evaluation method is needed to the mud shale hydrocarbon resources of Chinese lacustrine facies characteristic.
To be proposed by China National Petroleum Corp. and research institution at present and the raw hydrocarbon amount method for quantitatively evaluating be employed sums up G is divided three classes: 1, the chloroform bitumen method of improvement; 2, based on the one-tenth hydrocarbon rate method (thermal simulation experiment method, chemical dynemics, material balance method) of Organic Matter Hydrocarbon Generation mechanism; 3, hydrocarbon gesture index method is given birth to.But also there is following shortcoming or problem in the existing evaluation method to mud shale hydrocarbon resources:
(1) the raw hydrocarbon amount based on current actual measurement organic carbon content that calculates of existing method, and organic carbon content residual after surveying the actual hydrocarbon of making a living of organic carbon content at present more, the organic carbon content reality predicted by well logging information is also for remaining organic carbon content; Growing amount based on oil gas is determined by the organic carbon transformed, the organic carbon transformed changes into hydrocarbon and discharges, form hydrocarbon resources amount, therefore different organic carbon forms (as original organic carbon content, discharging organic carbon content etc.) is also very important to accurate evaluation mud shale hydrocarbon resources, and current existing method can not meet new needs.
(2) evaluating of the raw hydrocarbon amount of existing mud shale is very limited, normally based on chloroform bitumen " A ", residual raw hydrocarbon potentiality S1+S2, residual organic carbon content TOC, because these parameters all can direct-detection, does not need to calculate.A small amount of parameter through calculating mostly is raw hydrocarbon amount Q, and this parameter is often also estimated by volumetric method.Therefore, limited parameter can not meet the accurate evaluation to mud shale hydrocarbon resources.
(3) existing mud shale oil and gas resource evaluation normally evaluates shale gas, this be due to evaluate area as North America and western part of China height ripe carbonate basin degree of ripeness all very high, be nearly all gas, oil mass is little; The oil shale fuel in mutual basin, Eastern China also came into one's own gradually in recent years.But these are evaluated thinking and can not satisfy the demand.For example, Eastern China Bohai gulf basin Dongying Depression Paleogene System deep layer has lacustrine shale gas formation condition relatively preferably, this depression just grows Es4 upper sub-member and husky three times sub-section hydrocarbon source rocks, bury relatively dark, also have portion of natural gas to generate while generating oil, therefore how evaluate simultaneously mud shale oily gentle be a very important problem.Further, during existing oil, gas are evaluated, mink cell focus and lightweight oil (C6-C13 lighter hydrocarbons) are not separated, this is because lightweight oil is easily missed in the detection.
(4) mostly the existing research work to the raw hydrocarbon evaluation of mud shale is that the sampling spot be confined to hydrocarbon source rock is limited carries out geochemical testing, analysis.Its major reason is, the north America region of current successful exploration exploitation shale oil gas is substantially in relatively uniform marine bed, it diminishes mutually, and homogenieity is comparatively strong, and the favourable development area of shale oil gas and space are grown to utilize limited lab analysis data substantially can determine.But, because terrestrial facies mud shale exists serious nonuniformity and life, row's hydrocarbon the complex nature of the problem, limited sampling and testing point can not reflect complicated geological condition objectively, more be difficult to effectively carry out high resolving power evaluation to the mud shale of vertical upper continuous distribution, also be difficult to determine that the content of organic matter existed in thick-layer hydrocarbon source rock is high, the thin layer high-quality mud shale that efficiencies of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion is high, this has influence on exploration deployment, if which resource can effectively be exploited in the recent period, which resource can wait for that technical progress could effectively be exploited as distant view resource, which resource does not have economic worth, therefore the progress of Evaluation of Oil And Gas and exploration is hindered.Further, the field data based on sample is evaluated, and there is measuring method costliness, feature that cost is high.
In summary, though unconventional mud shale oil and gas resource evaluation has obtained important progress, but in dissimilar organic carbon and multiple parameter overall assessment mud shale, different component oil gas (mink cell focus, lightweight oil and gas) still needs to expect to solve.Especially, high resolving power ground carries out nonuniformity evaluation to mud shale oil-gas generation amount and and guides the exploration of mud shale oil gas to be an important developing direction of following mud shale hydrocarbon resources research.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above shortcomings in existing mud shale oil and gas resource evaluation, provide a kind of method that nonuniformity evaluates mud shale oil generation tolerance, the method carries out nonuniformity evaluation to mud shale hydrocarbon resources, has important meaning to the nonuniformity of quantitatively characterizing mud shale oil-gas possibility and accurate evaluation unconventional mud shale hydrocarbon resources.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of nonuniformity evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, containing following steps:
One, to different depth point intensive sampling on mud shale section, and detect acquisition basic parameter value by Rock-Eval pyrolysis, determine organic matter type: depth direction is sampled every 1-10m sample spot on mud shale section, Rock-Eval pyrolysis analysis is carried out to the sample gathered, and obtains the parameter value of basic parameter by Rock-Eval pyrolysis; Hydrogen index (HI) HI, productive rate indices P I and the hydrocarbon index [100 × S of each depth samples point is determined according to underlying parameter 1]/TOC, S 1for the free hydrocarbon that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval cold stage obtains, TOC is the actual organic carbon detected, by hydrogen index (HI) HI and underlying parameter determination organic matter type.
Two, conceputal modeling calculate multi-form organic carbon content: according to composition and the transforming principle of organic carbon, organic carbon in mud shale is divided into the conceptual model of different organic carbon form, organic carbon is defined as residual organic carbon, residual effective carbon, residual invalid carbon, discharges organic carbon, discharge effective carbon, original organic carbon, original effective carbon, original invalid carbon, original Organic Carbon TOC total in mud shale 0comprise discharge Organic Carbon TOC expwith residual Organic Carbon TOC rem, then there is relational expression as shown in formula (1), at original Organic Carbon TOC in two parts 0in, the organic carbon part of converting one-tenth hydro carbons is defined as effective carbon TOC rea, original Organic Carbon TOC 0in contained effective carbon and residual Organic Carbon TOC remin effective carbon be defined as TOC respectively 0-reaand TOC rem-rea; Raw hydrocarbon potentiality residual in mud shale are transformed by the effective carbon in residual organic carbon, it and residual Organic Carbon TOC remresidue degrading rate D remthe relational expression existed is as shown in formula (2); The expression formula of described formula (1) and formula (2) is as follows:
TOC 0＝TOC Rem+TOC Exp(1)
D Rem＝TOC Rem-rea/TOC Rem(2)
Be considered as the transformation ratio that carbon is converted into hydro carbons by 0.083 in current petroleum industry, then there is relational expression as shown in formula (3), the expression formula of formula (3) is as follows:
TOC rem-rea=(S 1+ S 2in the formula of) × 0.083 (3), S 2for the pyrolysed hydrocarbon that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtains,
Then residue degrading rate D remcalculated by formula (4) and obtain, the expression formula of formula (4) is as follows:
D Rem＝(S 1+S 2)×0.083/TOC Rem(4)
According to residue degrading rate D remwith pyrolysis peak temperature T maxthe figure that crosses determine that different organic original degradeds is dived rate;
Organic matter evolution with become in hydrocarbon process, invalid carbon wherein can be considered and remains unchanged, and therefore, there is relational expression as shown in formula (5), the expression formula of formula (5) is as follows:
TOC 0(1–D 0)＝TOC Rem(1–D Rem)(5)
In described formula (5), TOC 0(1 – D 0) represent invalid carbon in primary organic material, be defined as TOC ine, TOC rem(1 – D rem) represent invalid carbon in residual organic matter, be defined as TOC rem-Ine;
Can be converted into formula (6) and formula (7) by formula (5), the expression formula of formula (6) and formula (7) is as follows:
(1–D Rem)/(1–D 0)＝TOC 0/TOC Rem(6)
R C＝TOC 0/TOC Rem(7)
In described formula (7), R cfor the residual organic carbon that records now is to the coefficient of restitution of original organic carbon, be constant factor, without unit;
Meanwhile, also there is relational expression as shown in formula (8), the expression formula of formula (8) is as follows:
TOC 0–TOC 0-rea＝TOC Rem–TOC Rem-rea(8)
In described formula (8), TOC 0– TOC 0-rearepresent the invalid carbon in primary organic material, be defined as TOC 0-Ine, TOC rem– TOC rem-rearepresent the invalid carbon in residual organic matter, be defined as TOC rem-Ine;
The residue degrading rate D of each sample spot is gone out by above formulae discovery rem, original organic carbon recovering coefficient R cand the organic carbon content of often kind of form distributes in the nonuniformity of section, for mud shale oil and gas resource evaluation provides basic data;
Three, design simulation experiment, set up heavy-hydrocarbon oil productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model: choose mud shale sample and do thermal Modeling experiment, obtain Auditory steady-state responses curve, set up mink cell focus productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model, set up actual measurement maturity indices vitrinite reflectance VR owith change in depth model.
Four, total hydrocarbon amount and heavy oil mass, lightweight oil mass and the amount of coalbed methane generated of mud shale different depth dot generation and discharge is calculated, evaluate the nonuniformity of mud shale oiliness and gas-bearing property: according to the parameters obtained in step one and step 2, calculate each mud shale sample spot unit always raw hydrocarbon amount S gen, Hydrocarbon yield S exp; Calculate oil, the gas growing amount of each depth point sample according to the model set up in step 3, on acquisition mink cell focus, gas yield basis, obtain C further 6~ C 14lightweight oil productive rate; And then obtain the mink cell focus productive rate S of each unit sample point ho, lightweight oil productive rate S lo, gas yield S gdistribution, with the nonuniformity of mink cell focus, lightweight oil and gas-bearing property in quantitative evaluation mud shale; Set up the evaluating sectional view of the raw hydrocarbon of mud shale by the above-mentioned parameter obtained, evaluate mud shale hydrocarbon resources Soil profile nonuniformity by evaluating sectional view.
As preferably, in step one, described basic parameter comprises the residual Organic Carbon TOC of actual measurement rem, the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval cold stage obtain free hydrocarbon S 1, the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtain pyrolysed hydrocarbon S 2with pyrolysis peak temperature T max, wherein, pyrolysis peak temperature T maxfor the pyrolysed hydrocarbon S that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtains 2corresponding peak value, the residual Organic Carbon TOC of actual measurement remfor now by the actual Organic Carbon TOC detected of sample; Described hydrogen index (HI) HI represents the raw hydrocarbon potentiality of mud shale, and productive rate indices P I represents degree of ripeness and the thermal evolution of mud shale, by hydrogen index (HI) HI and pyrolysis peak temperature T maxcross figure determination organic matter type.
As preferably, in described step 3, choose representative bulk homogeneous mudstone sample, be divided into 9 parts and put into respectively in heating kettle, do thermal Modeling experiment; 9 increment product are by the speed of 50 DEG C/h, respectively from experimental temperature by room temperature to 250 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 350 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 450 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 550 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 650 DEG C of 9 terminal temperatures, when every increment product arrive the terminal temperature of oneself, distilled water is injected with the speed of 2ml/min with constant speed constant flow pump, take oil and the gaseous product of discharge in time out of, the oil obtain every increment product thermal simulation experiment and gaseous product are collected and are measured.
As preferably, in step 3, described mink cell focus productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model are as shown in formula (9) and formula (10), and the expression formula of formula (9) and formula (10) is as follows:
The organic mink cell focus productive rate=440.93VR of unit o 3-1629VR o 2+ 2053.3VR o-618.7 (9)
Organic gas yield=the 18.371VR of unit o 3+ 45.684VR o 2-62.693VR o+ 28.05 (10)
In formula, VR ofor maturity indices vitrinite reflectance.
As preferably, in step 3, described actual measurement maturity indices vitrinite reflectance VR owith change in depth model as shown in formula (11), the expression formula of formula (11) is as follows:
VR o＝0.1605e 0.535H(11)
In formula, H is the depth of burial of sample spot, and unit is: m.
As preferably, in step 4, also calculate original hydrocarbon potential S according to the parameters obtained in step one and step 2 oPand hydrocarbon expulsive coefficient K p, original hydrocarbon potential S oP, raw hydrocarbon amount S gen, Hydrocarbon yield S expand hydrocarbon expulsive coefficient K pcomputing formula as shown in formula (12), (13), (14), (15), the expression formula of formula (12), (13), (14), (15) is as follows:
S OP＝TOC 0×D 0/0.083(12)
S Exp＝S OP－(S 1+S 2)(13)
S Gen＝S OP－S 2(14)
K P＝S Exp/S Gen×100％(15)
In formula, TOC 0for original organic carbon, D 0for original degradation rate, S 1for the trip that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval cold stage obtains
From hydrocarbon, S 2for the pyrolysed hydrocarbon that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtains.
As preferably, in step 4, calculated oil, the gas growing amount of each depth point sample by formula (16) and formula (17), the expression formula of formula formula (16) and formula (17) is as follows:
Organic mink cell focus productive rate × TOC (16) of unit sample mink cell focus growing amount=unit
The organic gas yield × TOC (17) in unit sample rock gas growing amount=position.
As preferably, in step 4, adopt the minusing acquisition lightweight oil productive rate of the cracking hydrocarbon productive rate as shown in formula (18), the expression formula of formula (18) is as follows:
S lo＝S Gen－S ho－S g(18)
In formula, S lofor lightweight oil productive rate, S genfor the original hydrocarbon potential of sample, S hofor mink cell focus productive rate, S gfor gas yield.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) the present invention sets up the conceptual model of different organic carbon form first, organic carbon is divided into residual organic carbon, residual effective carbon, residual invalid carbon, discharges organic carbon, discharge effective carbon, original organic carbon, original effective carbon, original invalid carbon, and establish method model, these various forms of organic carbon contents can be calculated; The present invention, by Modling model, can calculate each evaluating that nonuniformity evaluates mud shale resource, comprise original hydrocarbon potential S oP, raw hydrocarbon amount S gen, Hydrocarbon yield S expand hydrocarbon expulsive coefficient K pdeng; The present invention also in conjunction with oil, the gas yield model of oil gas in mud shale, calculates the heavy oil mass in mud shale, lightweight oil mass and amount of natural gas further; Estimate different by the volume averaging method of source rock from the oil and gas resource evaluation of routine, this method model is based upon on each sample spot, nonuniformity evaluation can be carried out to mud shale hydrocarbon resources, have important meaning to the nonuniformity of quantitatively characterizing mud shale oil-gas possibility and accurate evaluation unconventional mud shale hydrocarbon resources.(2) this programme carries out mud shale oil and gas resource evaluation by overall set of parameter, as original organic carbon content, original hydrocarbon potential, give birth to hydrocarbon amount, Hydrocarbon yield, hydrocarbon expulsive coefficient, mink cell focus productive rate, lightweight oil productive rate, gas yield, the evaluation mud shale that evaluation method of the present invention is more simple gives birth to hydrocarbon amount or oil generating quantity or amount of coalbed methane generated great progress.(3) this method can calculate for the different depth point in vertical large cover mud shale simultaneously, mud shale hydrocarbon resources can be evaluated distribute in the nonuniformity on vertical, other technology is all observe for single or limited sample, can not reflect the nonuniformity of mud shale.(4) this method is easy to operate feasible, and cost is low, by the residual organic carbon content, the free hydrocarbon S that provide data from Rock-Eval pyrolysis 1, pyrolysed hydrocarbon S 2, pyrolysis peak temperature T max, and oil, gas yield model can calculate; If limited sample, density logging, acoustic logging, resistivity logging information prediction can be utilized to remain organic carbon content, can TOC be set up according to limited actual measurement sample remand S 2and S 1between correlativity and the relation of Tmax and the degree of depth, so just can further according to the TOC of log data prediction remvalue and correlation models calculate corresponding S 2, S 1and Tmax value, overall procedure can be completed and calculate, realize the overall evaluation of industrialization mud shale hydrocarbon resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the TOC that the specific embodiment of the invention is obtained by Rock-Eval pyrolysis rem, S 1, S 2and T maxvalue.
Accompanying drawing 2 is for the specific embodiment of the invention is by calculating hydrogen index (HI) HI, productive rate indices P I and the hydrocarbon index [100 × S of each depth samples point determined 1]/TOC.
Accompanying drawing 3 is specific embodiment of the invention hydrogen index (HI) HI and pyrolysis peak temperature T maxthe figure that crosses.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the conceptual model of the multi-form division of specific embodiment of the invention organic carbon.
Accompanying drawing 5 is that specific embodiment of the invention organic carbon form divides and relational model schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 6 is specific embodiment of the invention residue degrading rate D remwith pyrolysis peak temperature T maxthe figure that crosses.
Accompanying drawing 7 is the Soil profile figure of specific embodiment of the invention various forms organic carbon content.
Accompanying drawing 8 is the evaluating sectional view of the raw hydrocarbon of specific embodiment of the invention mud shale.
The mink cell focus productive rate that accompanying drawing 9 is specific embodiment of the invention thermal Modeling experiment acquisition and gas yield evolutionary model.
Accompanying drawing 10 is the mink cell focus productive rate S of each unit sample point of the specific embodiment of the invention ho, lightweight oil productive rate S lo, gas yield S gdistribution plan.
Accompanying drawing 11 becomes the variation model of gas productive rate for crude oil pyrolysis that specific embodiment of the invention crude oil pyrolysis becomes gas simulated experiment to obtain.
Accompanying drawing 12 is specific embodiment of the invention Dongying Depression Paleogene System actual measurement S 2with TOC remsegmenting correlativity distributed model.
Accompanying drawing 13 is specific embodiment of the invention Dongying Depression Paleogene System actual measurement S 1+ S 2with TOC remsegmenting correlativity distributed model.
Accompanying drawing 14 is the FB(flow block) of the specific embodiment of the invention.
In figure, TOC rem: the residual organic carbon of sample actual measurement at present, unit is %; TOC 0: original organic carbon; TOC exp: discharge organic carbon, unit is %; TOC rea: effective carbon of converting one-tenth hydro carbons, unit is %; TOC 0-rea: original effective carbon, unit is %; TOC rem-rea: residual effective carbon, unit is %; TOC ine: can not the invalid carbon of converting one-tenth hydro carbons, unit is %; TOC 0-ine: original invalid carbon, unit is %; TOC rem-ine: residual invalid carbon, unit is %.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
The present embodiment Bohai gulf basin Dongying N38 well PALEOGENE SHAHEJIE FORMATION three sections carries out the nonuniformity evaluating mud shale oil generation tolerance for example.
As shown in figure 14, a kind of nonuniformity evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, containing following steps:
One, to different depth point intensive sampling on mud shale section, and detect acquisition basic parameter value by Rock-Eval pyrolysis, determine organic matter type.
On mud shale section, depth direction is sampled every 1-10m sample spot, carries out Rock-Eval pyrolysis analysis to the sample gathered, and obtains the parameter value of basic parameter by Rock-Eval pyrolysis.In the present embodiment, described basic parameter comprises the residual Organic Carbon TOC of actual measurement rem, the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval cold stage obtain free hydrocarbon S 1, the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtain pyrolysed hydrocarbon S 2with pyrolysis peak temperature T max, wherein, pyrolysis peak temperature T maxfor the pyrolysed hydrocarbon S that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtains 2corresponding peak value, the residual Organic Carbon TOC of actual measurement remfor now by the actual Organic Carbon TOC detected of sample, be illustrated in figure 1 the underlying parameter TOC obtained by Rock-Eval pyrolysis rem, S 1, S 2and T maxparameter value.Hydrogen index (HI) HI, productive rate indices P I and the hydrocarbon index [100 × S of each dark sample spot is determined according to underlying parameter 1]/TOC, is illustrated in figure 2 hydrogen index (HI) HI, productive rate indices P I and the hydrocarbon index [100 × S of each depth samples point determined 1]/TOC, wherein, hydrogen index (HI) HI represents the raw hydrocarbon potentiality of mud shale, and productive rate indices P I represents degree of ripeness and the thermal evolution of mud shale.Be illustrated in figure 3 index HI and pyrolysis peak temperature T maxthe figure that crosses, by hydrogen index (HI) HI and pyrolysis peak temperature T maxcross figure determination organic matter type, the inquartation that organic matter type classification adopts current petroleum industry conventional: I type, II 1 types, II 2 types and III type.Each sample spot organic matter type in practical operation in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is determined by Fig. 3.
Two, conceputal modeling calculate multi-form organic carbon content.
According to composition and the transforming principle of organic carbon, organic carbon in mud shale is divided into the conceptual model of different organic carbon form, be illustrated in figure 4 the conceptual model of the multi-form division of organic carbon, organic carbon is defined as residual organic carbon, residual effective carbon, residual invalid carbon, discharges organic carbon, discharge effective carbon, original organic carbon, original effective carbon, original invalid carbon, original Organic Carbon TOC total in mud shale 0comprise discharge Organic Carbon TOC expwith residual Organic Carbon TOC rem, then there is relational expression as shown in formula (1), at original Organic Carbon TOC in two parts 0in, the organic carbon part of converting one-tenth hydro carbons is defined as effective carbon TOC rea, original Organic Carbon TOC 0in contained effective carbon and residual Organic Carbon TOC remin effective carbon be defined as TOC respectively 0-reaand TOC rem-rea, be illustrated in figure 5 organic carbon form and divide and relational model schematic diagram.
The expression formula of described formula (1) is as follows:
TOC 0＝TOC Rem+TOC Exp(1)
Along with the increase of degree of ripeness, original organic carbon can be gradually transformed into hydro carbons, and the organic carbon content of discharge can increase gradually, and residual organic carbon content can reduce gradually.Effective carbon reaches oil threshold (i.e. vitrinite reflectance R at maturity of organic matter o=0.5%) time, just start to change into hydro carbons, invalid carbon during much heating power, all can not change into hydro carbons no matter.
Raw hydrocarbon potentiality residual in mud shale are transformed by the effective carbon in residual organic carbon, it and residual Organic Carbon TOC remresidue degrading rate D remthe relational expression existed is as shown in formula (2); The expression formula of formula (2) is as follows:
D Rem＝TOC Rem-rea/TOC Rem(2)
Be considered as the transformation ratio that carbon is converted into hydro carbons by 0.083 in current petroleum industry, then there is relational expression as shown in formula (3), the expression formula of formula (3) is as follows:
TOC Rem-rea＝(S 1+S 2)×0.083(3)
Then residue degrading rate D remcalculated by formula (4) and obtain, the expression formula of formula (4) is as follows:
D Rem＝(S 1+S 2)×0.083/TOC Rem(4)
Be illustrated in figure 6 residue degrading rate D remwith pyrolysis peak temperature T maxthe figure that crosses, according to residue degrading rate D remwith pyrolysis peak temperature T maxthe figure that crosses determine different organic original degradation rate D 0.
Original degradation rate D 0by the residue degrading rate D of dissimilar organic matter remto reach the standard grade decision, that is, original degradation rate D 0be maturity of organic matter low-down time most degradation rate.The original degradation rate D of III, II2, II1 and I can be determined by Fig. 6 0be respectively 0.15,0.35,0.55,0.65.
Organic matter evolution with become in hydrocarbon process, invalid carbon wherein can be considered and remains unchanged, and therefore, there is relational expression as shown in formula (5), the expression formula of formula (5) is as follows:
TOC 0(1–D 0)＝TOC Rem(1–D Rem)(5)
In described formula (5), TOC 0(1 – D 0) represent invalid carbon in primary organic material, be defined as TOC ine, TOC rem(1 – D rem) represent invalid carbon in residual organic matter, be defined as TOC rem-Ine.
Can be converted into formula (6) and formula (7) by formula (5), the expression formula of formula (6) and formula (7) is as follows:
(1–D Rem)/(1–D 0)＝TOC 0/TOC Rem(6)
R C＝TOC 0/TOC Rem(7)
In described formula (7), R cfor the residual organic carbon that records now is to the coefficient of restitution of original organic carbon, be constant factor, without unit.
Meanwhile, also there is relational expression as shown in formula (8), the expression formula of formula (8) is as follows:
TOC 0–TOC 0-rea＝TOC Rem–TOC Rem-rea(8)
In described formula (8), TOC 0– TOC 0-rearepresent the invalid carbon in primary organic material, be defined as TOC 0-Ine, TOC rem– TOC rem-rearepresent the invalid carbon in residual organic matter, be defined as TOC rem-Ine.
The residue degrading rate D of each sample spot is gone out by above formulae discovery rem, original organic carbon recovering coefficient R cand the organic carbon content of often kind of form distributes in the nonuniformity of section, for mud shale oil and gas resource evaluation provides basic data, be illustrated in figure 7 the Soil profile figure of various forms organic carbon content.
Three, design simulation experiment, sets up heavy-hydrocarbon oil productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model.
Choose representative bulk homogeneous mudstone sample, be divided into 9 parts and put into respectively in heating kettle, do thermal Modeling experiment; 9 increment product are by the speed of 50 DEG C/h, respectively from experimental temperature by room temperature to 250 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 350 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 450 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 550 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 650 DEG C of 9 terminal temperatures, when every increment product arrive the terminal temperature of oneself, distilled water is injected with the speed of 2ml/min with constant speed constant flow pump, take oil and the gaseous product of discharge in time out of, the oil obtain every increment product thermal simulation experiment and gaseous product are collected and are measured, and obtain Auditory steady-state responses curve.Analog product is divided three classes according to molecular weight and physical property, and one is relatively macromolecular mink cell focus (i.e. chloroform bitumen " A "+discharge mink cell focus), can directly obtain; It two is micromolecular gas (C 1~ C 5), also can directly obtain; It three is volatile C under normal temperature 6~ C 14lightweight oil, not easily collecting in experiment.With the mink cell focus detected and gas for foundation, lightweight oil yield characteristics can be analyzed by the method mutually compensated.Experimental temperature in experiment can transform maturity indices vitrinite reflectance VR according to buried history, thermal evolution model and hydrocarbon-generating dynamics o.
Mink cell focus productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model is set up by thermal Modeling experiment, be illustrated in figure 9 mink cell focus productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model, described mink cell focus productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model are as shown in formula (9) and formula (10), and the expression formula of formula (9) and formula (10) is as follows:
The organic mink cell focus productive rate=440.93VR of unit o 3-1629VR o 2+ 2053.3VR o-618.7 (9)
Organic gas yield=the 18.371VR of unit o 3+ 45.684VR o 2-62.693VR o+ 28.05 (10)
In formula, VR ofor actual measurement maturity indices vitrinite reflectance.
Set up actual measurement maturity indices vitrinite reflectance VR owith change in depth model, this model is as shown in formula (11), and the expression formula of formula (11) is as follows:
VR o＝0.1605e 0.535H(11)
In formula, H is the depth of burial of sample spot, and unit is: m.
Four, calculate total hydrocarbon amount and heavy oil mass, lightweight oil mass and the amount of coalbed methane generated of mud shale different depth dot generation and discharge, evaluate the nonuniformity of mud shale oiliness and gas-bearing property.
According to the parameters obtained in above-mentioned steps one and step 2, calculate each original hydrocarbon potential S of mud shale sample spot unit oP, total raw hydrocarbon amount S gen, Hydrocarbon yield S expand hydrocarbon expulsive coefficient K p, original hydrocarbon potential S oP, total raw hydrocarbon amount S gen, Hydrocarbon yield S expand hydrocarbon expulsive coefficient K pcomputing formula as shown in formula (12), (13), (14), (15), the expression formula of formula (12), (13), (14), (15) is as follows:
S OP＝TOC 0×D 0/0.083(12)
S Exp＝S OP－(S 1+S 2)(13)
S Gen＝S OP－S 2(14)
K P＝S Exp/S Gen×100％(15)
In formula, TOC 0for original organic carbon, D 0for original degradation rate, S 1for free hydrocarbon, S that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval cold stage obtains 2for the pyrolysed hydrocarbon that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtains.
Calculated oil, the gas growing amount of each depth point sample by formula (16) and formula (17) according to the model set up in step 3.The expression formula of formula (16) and formula (17) is as follows:
Organic mink cell focus productive rate × TOC (16) of unit sample mink cell focus growing amount=unit
The organic gas yield × TOC (17) in unit sample rock gas growing amount=position
After acquisition mink cell focus, gas yield, obtain C further 6~ C 14lightweight oil productive rate, with the mink cell focus detected and gas for foundation, lightweight oil productive rate can be obtained by the method mutually compensated, component according to original hydrocarbon potential is distributed, adopt the minusing of the cracking hydrocarbon productive rate as shown in formula (18) to obtain lightweight oil productive rate, the expression formula of formula (18) is as follows:
S lo＝S Gen－S ho－S g(18)
In formula, S lofor lightweight oil productive rate, S genfor the original hydrocarbon potential of sample, S hofor mink cell focus productive rate, S gfor gas yield.
The mink cell focus productive rate S of each unit sample point is obtained by above-mentioned model ho, lightweight oil productive rate S lo, gas yield S gdistribution, evaluate the nonuniformity of mud shale oiliness and gas-bearing property.Be the mink cell focus productive rate S of each unit sample point as shown in Figure 10 ho, lightweight oil productive rate S lo, gas yield S gdistribution plan.
Set up the evaluating sectional view of the raw hydrocarbon of mud shale according to the above-mentioned parameter obtained, evaluate mud shale hydrocarbon resources Soil profile nonuniformity by evaluating sectional view.
The Bohai gulf basin Dongying N38 well PALEOGENE SHAHEJIE FORMATION three sections that evaluation method in the present embodiment provides evaluates when degree of ripeness is very not high.
When degree of ripeness is very high, generating portion crude oil pyrolysis can become gas, such scheme is applicable equally, just many increases link, and the productive rate of based on crude cracking into gas calculates the amount that crude oil pyrolysis becomes gas.Crude oil pyrolysis becomes the productive rate of gas can become aerodynamics according to simulated experiment with crude oil pyrolysis, show that crude oil pyrolysis becomes the productive rate of gas with maturity indices VR ochange.Figure 11 is that the crude oil pyrolysis that the simulated experiment of based on crude cracking into gas obtains becomes the variation model of gas productive rate.Concrete grammar, existing introduction in existing document, the present invention is not described in detail.
The case provided in the present embodiment obtains according to a large amount of actual measurement sample.When not possessing a large amount of sample, also can calculate according to log data, because log data has high-resolution feature, key parameter organic carbon content can be calculated according to log data simultaneously, here organic carbon content is residual organic carbon content, concrete grammar is a lot, and for example adopt the Δ log method of current trend, the present invention is not described in detail.
Residual Organic Carbon TOC remwith pyrolysis parameters of rock S 2and S 1three there is good correlativity, because can reflect the raw hydrocarbon potentiality of source rock.TOC can be set up according to limited actual measurement sample remand S 2and S 1+ S 2between correlativity and the relation of Tmax and the degree of depth.TOC remand S 2and S 1+ S 2segmentation is sometimes adopted to carry out correlativity, better effects if.
In the present embodiment, show in Figure 12, Dongying Depression Paleogene System actual measurement S 2with TOC remsegmenting correlativity distributes:
Work as TOC remduring <2, S 2=2.2441TOC rem 2-1.0291TOC rem+ 0.2697 (R 2=0.8947);
As 2≤TOC remduring <5, S 2=7.2813TOC rem-6.3066 (R 2=0.9348);
As 5≤TOC remtime, S 2=3.9918TOC rem+ 10.424 (R 2=0.9809).
In the present embodiment, show in Figure 13, Dongying Depression Paleogene System actual measurement S 1+ S 2with TOC remsegmenting correlativity distributes:
Work as TOC remduring <2, S 1+ S 2=2.8353TOC rem 2-1.6797TOC rem+ 0.4725 (R 2=0.8547)
As 2≤TOC remduring <5, S 1+ S 2=7.6804TOC rem-6.4302 (R 2=0.8274)
As 5≤TOC remtime, S 1+ S 2=4.1906TOC rem+ 13.515 (R 2=0.9602)
So just can further according to the TOC of log data prediction remvalue and correlation models calculate corresponding S 2, S 1and Tmax value.Namely its calculating below introduced identical with the inventive method.
Above-described embodiment is used for explaining the present invention, instead of limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any amendment make the present invention and change, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. nonuniformity evaluates a method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, it is characterized in that: containing following steps:
One, to different depth point intensive sampling on mud shale section, and detect acquisition basic parameter value by Rock-Eval pyrolysis, determine organic matter type: depth direction is sampled every 1-10m sample spot on mud shale section, Rock-Eval pyrolysis analysis is carried out to the sample gathered, and obtains the parameter value of basic parameter by Rock-Eval pyrolysis; Hydrogen index (HI) HI, productive rate indices P I and the hydrocarbon index [100 × S of each depth samples point is determined according to basic parameter 1]/TOC, S 1for the free hydrocarbon that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval cold stage obtains, TOC is the actual organic carbon detected, by hydrogen index (HI) HI and underlying parameter determination organic matter type;
Two, conceputal modeling calculate multi-form organic carbon content: according to composition and the transforming principle of organic carbon, organic carbon in mud shale is divided into the conceptual model of different organic carbon form, organic carbon is defined as residual organic carbon, residual effective carbon, residual invalid carbon, discharges organic carbon, discharge effective carbon, original organic carbon, original effective carbon, original invalid carbon, original Organic Carbon TOC total in mud shale 0comprise discharge Organic Carbon TOC expwith residual Organic Carbon TOC rem, then there is relational expression as shown in formula (1), at original Organic Carbon TOC in two parts 0in, the organic carbon part of converting one-tenth hydro carbons is defined as effective carbon TOC rea, original Organic Carbon TOC 0in contained effective carbon and residual Organic Carbon TOC remin effective carbon be defined as TOC respectively 0-reaand TOC rem-rea; Raw hydrocarbon potentiality residual in mud shale are transformed by the effective carbon in residual organic carbon, it and residual Organic Carbon TOC remresidue degrading rate D remthe relational expression existed is as shown in formula (2); The expression formula of described formula (1) and formula (2) is as follows:
TOC 0＝TOC Rem+TOC Exp(1)
D Rem＝TOC Rem-rea/TOC Rem(2)
Be considered as the transformation ratio that carbon is converted into hydro carbons by 0.083 in current petroleum industry, then there is relational expression as shown in formula (3), the expression formula of formula (3) is as follows:
TOC Rem-rea＝(S 1+S 2)×0.083(3)
In formula, S 2for the pyrolysed hydrocarbon that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtains,
Then residue degrading rate D remcalculated by formula (4) and obtain, the expression formula of formula (4) is as follows:
D Rem＝(S 1+S 2)×0.083/TOC Rem(4)
According to residue degrading rate D remwith pyrolysis peak temperature T maxthe figure that crosses determine different organic original degradation rate D 0;
Organic matter evolution with become in hydrocarbon process, invalid carbon wherein can be considered and remains unchanged, and therefore, there is relational expression as shown in formula (5), the expression formula of formula (5) is as follows:
TOC 0(1–D 0)＝TOC Rem(1–D Rem)(5)
In described formula (5), TOC 0(1 – D 0) represent invalid carbon in primary organic material, be defined as TOC ine, TOC rem(1 – D rem) represent invalid carbon in residual organic matter, be defined as TOC rem-Ine;
Can be converted into formula (6) and formula (7) by formula (5), the expression formula of formula (6) and formula (7) is as follows:
(1–D Rem)/(1–D 0)＝TOC 0/TOC Rem(6)
R C＝TOC 0/TOC Rem(7)
In described formula (7), R cfor the residual organic carbon that records now is to the coefficient of restitution of original organic carbon, be constant factor, without unit;
Meanwhile, also there is relational expression as shown in formula (8), the expression formula of formula (8) is as follows:
TOC 0–TOC 0-rea＝TOC Rem–TOC Rem-rea(8)
In described formula (8), TOC 0– TOC 0-rearepresent the invalid carbon in primary organic material, be defined as TOC 0-Ine, TOC rem– TOC rem-rearepresent the invalid carbon in residual organic matter, be defined as TOC rem-Ine;
The residue degrading rate D of each sample spot is gone out by above formulae discovery rem, original organic carbon recovering coefficient R cand the organic carbon content of often kind of form distributes in the nonuniformity of section, for mud shale oil and gas resource evaluation provides basic data;
Three, design simulation experiment, set up heavy-hydrocarbon oil productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model: choose mud shale sample and do thermal Modeling experiment, obtain Auditory steady-state responses curve, set up mink cell focus productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model, set up actual measurement maturity indices vitrinite reflectance VR owith change in depth model;
Four, total hydrocarbon amount and heavy oil mass, lightweight oil mass and the amount of coalbed methane generated of mud shale different depth dot generation and discharge is calculated, evaluate the nonuniformity of mud shale oiliness and gas-bearing property: according to the parameters obtained in step one and step 2, calculate each mud shale sample spot unit always raw hydrocarbon amount S gen, Hydrocarbon yield S exp; Calculate oil, the gas growing amount of each depth point sample according to the model set up in step 3, on acquisition mink cell focus, gas yield basis, obtain C further 6~ C 14lightweight oil productive rate; And then obtain the mink cell focus productive rate S of each unit sample point ho, lightweight oil productive rate S lo, gas yield S gdistribution, with the nonuniformity of mink cell focus, lightweight oil and gas-bearing property in quantitative evaluation mud shale; Set up the evaluating sectional view of the raw hydrocarbon of mud shale by the above-mentioned parameter obtained, evaluate mud shale hydrocarbon resources Soil profile nonuniformity by evaluating sectional view.
2. nonuniformity according to claim 1 evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, and it is characterized in that: in step one, described basic parameter comprises the residual Organic Carbon TOC of actual measurement rem, the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval cold stage obtain free hydrocarbon S 1, the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtain pyrolysed hydrocarbon S 2with pyrolysis peak temperature T max, wherein, pyrolysis peak temperature T maxfor the pyrolysed hydrocarbon S that the pyrolysis of rock Rock-Eval hot stage obtains 2corresponding peak value, the residual Organic Carbon TOC of actual measurement remfor now by the actual Organic Carbon TOC detected of sample; Described hydrogen index (HI) HI represents the raw hydrocarbon potentiality of mud shale, and productive rate indices P I represents degree of ripeness and the thermal evolution of mud shale, by hydrogen index (HI) HI and pyrolysis peak temperature T maxcross figure determination organic matter type.
3. nonuniformity according to claim 1 evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, it is characterized in that: in described step 3, chooses representative bulk homogeneous mudstone sample, be divided into 9 parts and put into respectively in heating kettle, does thermal Modeling experiment; 9 increment product are by the speed of 50 DEG C/h, respectively from experimental temperature by room temperature to 250 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 350 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 450 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 550 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 650 DEG C of 9 terminal temperatures, when every increment product arrive the terminal temperature of oneself, distilled water is injected with the speed of 2ml/min with constant speed constant flow pump, take oil and the gaseous product of discharge in time out of, the oil obtain every increment product thermal simulation experiment and gaseous product are collected and are measured.
4. nonuniformity according to claim 1 evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, it is characterized in that: in step 3, described mink cell focus productive rate and gas yield evolutionary model are as shown in formula (9) and formula (10), and the expression formula of formula (9) and formula (10) is as follows:
The organic mink cell focus productive rate=440.93VR of unit o 3-1629VR o 2+ 2053.3VR o-618.7 (9)
Organic gas yield=the 18.371VR of unit o 3+ 45.684VR o 2-62.693VR o+ 28.05 (10)
In formula, VR ofor actual measurement maturity indices vitrinite reflectance.
5. nonuniformity according to claim 1 evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, it is characterized in that: in step 3, described actual measurement maturity indices vitrinite reflectance VR owith change in depth model as shown in formula (11), the expression formula of formula (11) is as follows:
VR o＝0.1605e 0.535H(11)
In formula, H is the depth of burial of sample spot, and unit is: m.
6. nonuniformity according to claim 1 evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, it is characterized in that: in step 4, also calculates original hydrocarbon potential S according to the parameters obtained in step one and step 2 oPand hydrocarbon expulsive coefficient K p, described original hydrocarbon potential S oP, total raw hydrocarbon amount S gen, Hydrocarbon yield S expand hydrocarbon expulsive coefficient K pcomputing formula as shown in formula (12), (13), (14), (15), the expression formula of formula (12), (13), (14), (15) is as follows:
S OP＝TOC 0×D 0/0.083(12)
S Exp＝S OP－(S 1+S 2)(13)
S Gen＝S OP－S 2(14)
K P＝S Exp/S Gen×100％(15)
。
7. nonuniformity according to claim 1 evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, it is characterized in that: in step 4, calculated oil, the gas growing amount of each depth point sample by formula (16) and formula (17), the expression formula of formula (16) and formula (17) is as follows:
Organic mink cell focus productive rate × TOC (16) of unit sample mink cell focus growing amount=unit
Organic gas yield × the TOC (17) of unit sample rock gas growing amount=unit
。
8. nonuniformity according to claim 1 evaluates the method for mud shale oil generation tolerance, it is characterized in that: in step 4, component according to original hydrocarbon potential is distributed, adopt the minusing of the cracking hydrocarbon productive rate as shown in formula (18) to obtain lightweight oil productive rate, the expression formula of formula (18) is as follows:
S lo＝S Gen－S ho－S g(18)
In formula, S lofor lightweight oil productive rate, S genfor the original hydrocarbon potential of sample, S hofor mink cell focus productive rate, S gfor gas yield.
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