CN103670395A - Fluid logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil-gas-water index chart - Google Patents
Fluid logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil-gas-water index chart Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a fluid logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on an oil-gas-water index chart. The fluid logging oil-gas-water interpretation method is characterized by comprising the steps that parameters are collected, wherein the fluid logging parameters comprise heavy hydrocarbon components; the parameters are pre-processed, and the parameters capable of reflecting fluid quality changes in a stratum are selected; the parameters are calculated, wherein three derivative parameters comprising an oil index, a gas index and a water index capable of directly reflecting oil-gas-water characteristics are selected; the oil-gas-water index standard chart is built, wherein according to the a known oil test conclusion, a graphical bar is drawn on the basis of the three derivative parameters comprising the oil index, the gas index and the water index; parameter calculation is conducted on a target layer; the target layer is evaluated according to the standard chart. According to the fluid logging oil-gas-water interpretation method, quality of oil-gas-water in a collection layer is identified and judged by means of the fluid logging technique, a hydrocarbon reservoir is evaluated timely and accurately, and basis data are provided for selection of a well test method in follow-up shaft work, formulation of a test measurement, and selection of a test scheme timely.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention belongs to the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate in oil exploration industry pit shaft technical field.
Background technology
Gas logging technology is an important technical of petroleum exploration and development, and the variation of gas total hydrocarbon, component is the important evidence of finding oil/gas show, judgement oil-gas-water layer.The parameter that gas logging technology is explained, evaluation oil-gas Layer is used is confined to C
1-nC
5these 7 kinds of gas components, means of interpretation adopts Pixler Chart method, triange method, 3H ratio method etc. mostly.
At present gas logging technology has developed into the fluid well logging stage, and fluid well logging Detection of content is horn of plenty more, the C detecting except conventional gas checkout equipment
1-nC
57 kinds of hydrocarbon components beyond, can also collect nC
6, nC
7, nC
8, C
6h
6, C
7h
8, C
7h
14deng relatively heavier gas component.Existing means of interpretation could not make full use of the heavy hydrocarbon component information that fluid well logging collects, and makes means of interpretation seem dull weak, explains that conclusion is objective not, comprehensive.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention utilizes fluid mud logging techniques to identify judgement to oil gas aqueous nature in reservoir, evaluate in real time, exactly oil-gas Layer, in time for the formulation of selecting, test measure of logging method in follow-up wellbore operations and the selection of testing scheme provide basic data.
The invention provides a kind of fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate, it is characterized in that, comprising: parameter acquisition step, fluid logging parameters comprises heavy hydrocarbon component; Parameter pre-treatment step, chooses the parameter that can reflect that in stratum, fluid properties changes; Calculation of parameter step, chooses directly three derivative parameters of oily index, gas index, aqua index of reaction oil air water characteristic; Set up oil gas aqua index standard plate step, according to known formation testing conclusion, with oily index, gas index, three derivative parameter graphing hurdles of aqua index; Target zone is carried out to the step of calculation of parameter; The step of target zone being evaluated according to standard plate.
In parameter acquisition step, fluid well logging acquisition parameter comprises total hydrocarbon and each hydrocarbon component methane C
1, ethane C
2, propane C
3, iso-butane iC
4, normal butane nC
4, isopentane iC
5, pentane nC
5, n-hexane nC
6, normal heptane nC
7, normal octane nC
8, benzene C
6h
6, toluene C
7h
8, alkene C
7h
14.
In addition, in calculation of parameter step, gas index I
gc
1account for the percentage of whole gas component as the index of reaction reservoir gassiness, gas formula of index: I
g=100*C
1/ (C
1+ C
2+ C
3+ C
4+ C
5+ nC
6+ nC
7+ nC
8).
In calculation of parameter step, oily index I
oto indicating oil-containing than more sensitive parameter nC in gas component
5, nC
6, nC
7, nC
8, C
7h
14with light component C
1, C
2, C
3ratio as reflection oil-containing index, oily formula of index: I
o=10* (nC
5+ nC
6+ nC
7+ nC
8+ C
7h
14)
2/ (C
1+ C
2+ C
3).
In calculation of parameter step, aqua index I
w: for reservoir oil-containing, suffering situation about putting into the melting pot, aqua index is that in improved reservoir, benzene and these two kinds of components of toluene account for gas component ratio, with respect to oil reservoir phase proportion, significant change can occur; Aqua index design formulas: I
w=(C
6h
6+ C
7h
8)/(a*nC
6+ nC
7);
Wherein, a is correction coefficient, selects the fluid mud logging gas parameter of offset well formation testing reservoir, and cumulative every meter of gas data of Effective Reservoirs thickness is tried to achieve correction coefficient a according to formula below,
In formula, n is the constant for certain reservoir, the effective thickness that value is this reservoir, dimensionless.
In addition, set up in oil gas aqua index standard plate step, select gas index, three derivative parameters of oily exponential sum aqua index, in a graphical bar, become figure, according to variation tendency and the parameter area on section is longitudinal of three curves, with reference to lithology, the oiliness situation of geological logging, according to known formation testing conclusion, comprehensive enough statistics are set up oil gas aqua index plate and are set up oil gas aqua index plate.
In addition, at target zone, carry out calculation of parameter step and comprise: reservoir thickness calculates: when changing, boring according to landwaste percentage, the parameter such as the pressure of the drill, moment of torsion, dc index, the thickness of reservoir is divided; According to reservoir gas parameter total gas curve form, determine reservoir effective thickness, it is initial well depth H that the abnormal show layer total gas curve of take plays the depth of stratum that peak is corresponding
1, single display peak-to-peak top or continuous high value reduction flex point place accordingly layer depth are end well depth H
2, reservoir effective thickness H
effectivelyfor finishing the poor of well depth and initial well depth, i.e. H
effectively=H
2-H
1; Reservoir gas index, oily index, aqua index calculate: the target zone parameter from database after extraction process, check and correction, calculates respectively three derivative parameters.
In addition, according to criteria for interpretation plate, target zone is carried out in evaluation procedure: the gas index calculating, oily index, aqua index are depicted as to curve according to master scale, and the metamorphosis of reference standard plate, parameter area, complete the judgement to target zone.
By the present invention is based on the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method of oil gas aqua index plate, utilize fluid mud logging techniques to gather gas parameter, the oil gas water feature reflecting according to each gas component, the parameter combinations of selection to profit sensitivity, proposes oily index, three derivative calculating parameters of gas exponential sum aqua index.Variation tendency and parameter area according to three parameters on well logging is longitudinal, identify oil-gas-water layer in conjunction with lithology, oiliness (fluorescence) situation of geological logging.Utilize oil gas aqua index plate to make an explanation to reservoir, there is real-time, directly perceived, high accuracy for examination.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is explained flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is oil gas aqua index plate of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is Reservoir interpretation application example;
Fig. 4 is that water layer is explained application example.
The specific embodiment
For the defect of above-mentioned means of interpretation, the gas component that the present invention newly increases fluid mud logging techniques adds in gas explanation evaluating method, has proposed oil gas aqua index plate.Be able to more comprehensively react oil gas water feature in reservoir, further abundant, perfect fluid means of interpretation, has significantly improved explanation accuracy rate.Obtained in actual applications good result.
Concrete methods of realizing of the present invention is the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate, and concrete steps are as follows:
1. parameter acquisition:
1. fluid logging parameters gathers: fluid parameter collection is used quantitative degasser to carry out that gas is de-to be got, and acquisition parameter is: total hydrocarbon TG (ppm) and each hydrocarbon component C
1(ppm), C
2(ppm), C
3(ppm), iC
4(ppm), nC
4(ppm), iC
5(ppm), nC
5(ppm), nC
6(ppm), nC
7(ppm), nC
8(ppm), C
6h
6(ppm), C
7h
8(ppm), C
7h
14(ppm) content.
2. comprehensive logging parameters collection: the data that comprehensive logging parameters is used comprehensive logging instrument to collect, the parameters such as depth H (m) of ROP while comprising the brill that reflects reservoir pore space (min/m), the pressure of the drill WOB (t), torque T ORQ (kNm), drillability index Dc (dexp) and calculating reservoir thickness.
The above, each logging parameters collection, to record step-length be 1m/1 point.
3. geological logging parameter acquisition: obtain the parameters such as reflection reservoir lithology and oiliness (fluorescence area (%)) by geological logging.
2. parameter pretreatment:
1. the fluid logging parameters quality gathering is analyzed, to owing to making up a joint, the non-formation factor such as leakage (gushing), gas cut, drilling fluid contaminated product causes that gas parameter extremely identifies and eliminate, and makes parameter change the variation that can reflect fluid properties in stratum.
2. the numerical value to >0 and <1, assignment is that 1ppm carries out standardization normalization.
3. obtained logging parameters is carried out preferably, sorted out integrated decryption storehouse.
3. calculation of parameter:
The gas component parameter that fluid mud logging techniques detects is a lot, chooses the gas parameter of reacting responsive to oil gas water and combines, calculate can fine reaction oil air water feature three derivative parameters:
1. gas index (I
g) calculate: generally, gas component be take methane as main, and ethane and propane are comparatively common, and after butane, component is more rare.So select C
1account for the percentage of whole gas component as the index of reaction reservoir gassiness, i.e. gas index (I
g).
Gas formula of index: I
g=100*C
1/ (C
1+ C
2+ C
3+ C
4+ C
5+ nC
6+ nC
7+ nC
8).
2. oily index (I
o) calculate: under normal temperature, atmospheric pressure state, pentane (C
5) later component is all liquid, the isopentane (iC under normal temperature, atmospheric pressure state
5) boiling point is 27.8 °, pentane is (nC
5) boiling point be 36.1 °, C
5oil-containing situation in later gas component indication reservoir, C
5the proportion that later gas component accounts for all gas component is larger, illustrates that in reservoir, oil-containing is abundanter, otherwise in explanation reservoir, oil-containing is not abundant.Select in gas component indicating oil-containing than more sensitive parameter (nC
5, nC
6, nC
7, nC
8, C
7h
14) and light component (C
1, C
2, C
3) ratio as the index of reflection oil-containing, i.e. oily index.
Oil formula of index: I
o=10* (nC
5+ nC
6+ nC
7+ nC
8+ C7H
14)
2/ (C
1+ C
2+ C
3).
3. aqua index (I
w): in reservoir, moisture content is two kinds of situations: reservoir is the water layer that pure water layer and oil-containing reservoir are put into the melting pot.
A. reservoir is pure water layer.If reservoir itself is exactly pure water layer, oil gas is not migrated to this reservoir, and the oily index in reservoir is very low so, and the component of benzene class also can be very low simultaneously, and specifically on oil gas aqua index plate, the most obvious feature is exactly I
ocurve in reservoir with respect to upper formation without significant change or numerical value close to 0.
B. the water layer that oil-containing reservoir is put into the melting pot.When reservoir is put into the melting pot, the oil gas being originally stored in hole is replaced by water, now in hole, is mainly water and a small amount of hydro carbons solution gas.Benzene (C
6h
6) solubility in water is 1780mg/l, toluene (C
7h
8) for the solubility in water is 538mg/l, n-hexane (nC
6) solubility in water is 9.5mg/l, normal heptane (nC
7) solubility in water is 2.93mg/l.When oil-gas migration is subject to washing effect through reservoir or reservoir, due to benzene and these two kinds of gas components of toluene more hydrophilic with respect to n-hexane, normal heptane and hexahydrotoluene component, therefore improved reservoir benzene and these two kinds of components of toluene account for gas ratio and change with respect to the ratio regular meeting of oil reservoir phase.Select their ratio to can be used as the moisture index of reflection, i.e. aqua index.In practice process, due to nC
6component absolute value is with respect to nC
7, C
6h
6and C
7h
8exceed a lot, thus an one correction coefficient need to be given, to compare.Select the fluid mud logging gas component parameter of offset well formation testing reservoir, cumulative each every meter gas parameter of Effective Reservoirs thickness, according to trying to achieve correction coefficient a according to formula below,
In formula, n is the constant for certain reservoir, the effective thickness that value is this reservoir, dimensionless.Then, in the reservoir that the substitution of a coefficient need to be analyzed, obtain aqua index design formulas.
Aqua index design formulas: I
w=(C
6h
6+ C
7h
8)/(a*nC
6+ nC
7).
4. according to known formation testing conclusion, set up oil gas aqua index plate:
As Fig. 2, select gas index (I
g), oily index (I
o) and aqua index (I
w) three derivative parameters, in a graphical bar, become figure.Gas exponential curve meter full scale is 50-100, and oily exponential curve meter full scale is 0-100, and aqua index curve scale is 0-10 (suitably magnification ratio), and three curves are linear graduation.
According to variation tendency and the parameter area on section is longitudinal of three curves, with reference to lithology, oiliness (fluorescence display) situation of geological logging, according to known formation testing conclusion, comprehensive enough statistics are set up oil gas aqua index plate.
The demonstration of multilayer statistics result, the judgement of fluid properties meets description below standard:
Gas-bearing formation: the high value of total hydrocarbon, without fluorescence, component is with C
1be main, a small amount of C
2, C
3; I
g> 95%.
Oil reservoir: with respect to upper formation, fluorescence display is good, I
gsignificantly reduce I
osignificantly raise, both cross in formation, simultaneously I
wreduce.
Oil-containing water layer: have fluorescence display, with respect to top oil reservoir, total hydrocarbon value obviously reduces, I
greduce I
oslightly raise, both do not form and cross, generally I
w<2.0; If I
gand I
odo not cross, I
wraise not obvious, I
o>20, reservoir mostly is the oil-containing water layer upper limit.
Water layer: with respect to upper formation I
greduce I
owithout obviously raising, I
w>2.0 and increase are obviously.
Water layer: with respect to upper formation nC
6, nC
7and C
7h
14very low etc. component, I
greduce I
owithout obviously raising, reservoir is pure water layer.
The conclusions such as the above gas-bearing formation of the present invention, oil reservoir, oil-containing water layer, water layer, the identification conclusion of general reference well logging stage to reservoir, has following corresponding relation (table 1) with well logging, test result:
Table 1: index plate method interpretation conclusion and well logging, test result mapping table
5. pair target zone carries out calculation of parameter:
1. reservoir thickness calculates: when changing, boring according to landwaste percentage, the parameter such as the pressure of the drill, moment of torsion, dc index, the thickness of reservoir is divided.According to reservoir gas parameter total gas curve form, determine reservoir effective thickness, it is initial well depth H that the abnormal show layer total gas curve of take plays the depth of stratum that peak is corresponding
1, single display peak-to-peak top or continuous high value reduction flex point place accordingly layer depth are end well depth H
2, reservoir effective thickness H
effectivelyfor finishing the poor of well depth and initial well depth, i.e. H
effectively=H
2-H
1.
2. reservoir gas index, oily index, aqua index calculate: the target zone parameter from database after extraction process, check and correction, calculates respectively three derivative parameters.
6. according to criteria for interpretation plate, target zone is evaluated: the gas index calculating, oily index, aqua index are depicted as to curve according to master scale, metamorphosis, the parameter area of reference standard plate (Fig. 2), lithology, oiliness (fluorescence) situation in conjunction with geological logging, take into full account the variation tendency of reservoir hydrocarbon abundance and superstratum, finally complete the judgement to target zone.
The present invention takes full advantage of C
5later heavy hydrocarbon component, proposes three and calculates derivative parameter, utilizes the variation of three parameters on section is longitudinal, in conjunction with lithology, oiliness (fluorescence) situation of geological logging, target zone is carried out to evaluation.Interpretation parameters of the present invention calculates and database synchronization, to opening reservoir, carries out real-time interpretation, evaluation; Interpretation parameters can show by figure, explains more directly perceived; Deterministic process has taken into full account the variation tendency of gas parameter on section is longitudinal, reaches a conclusion more objective.
The present invention is caved in Bohai Sea, Qin Nan caves in and HUANGHE ESTUARY caves in, and more than 20 mouthful of well applied, 50 layers of interpretation and evaluation oil-gas Layer, and wherein 45 layers are consistent with formation testing conclusion, and coincidence rate is 90%, is worth of widely use.
Fig. 1 is interpretation chart of the present invention and brief description, and the situation that this plate provides is all that the oil gas water figure under comparatively desirable state shows, wherein water layer divides 2 kinds of situations to provide, first pure water layer, and it two is improved water layer.If run into calibration curve, change the target zone not conforming to, needs basis above middle specific explanations standard is comprehensively analyzed.
Fig. 3 is the application example of a Reservoir interpretation of the present invention.According to tracing pattern, analyzing well section is 3305-3334m, fluorescence area 35%, component C
1-nC
7, C
7h
14with respect to base value, increase obviously C
6h
6, C
7h
8change not apparition, without C
8.Figure road, Fig. 3 rightmost side is oil gas aqua index curve, and aqua index coefficient is a=0.5 according to offset well material computation; Gas index I
gin upper formation, 86.9 be reduced to minimum 61.9 in reservoir, oily index I
o3.9 rising reservoir peaks 83.3 in portion stratum, and both obviously form and cross, aqua index I
win upper formation, 1.3 be slightly reduced to 0.4 in reservoir; Meet the reservoir characteristics in interpretation chart, explanation conclusion is oil reservoir.To the formation testing of 3306-3333m well section, pump is taken out produce oil 21.12m
3/ d.
Fig. 4 is the application example that a water layer of the present invention is explained.According to tracing pattern, 2452-2460m is reservoir Di Shui, is directly judged as water layer, and effective thickness is 2448-2452m; 2448-2452m fluorescence area 10-20%, component C
1-nC
5, C
6h
6, C
7h
8with respect to base value, increase obviously, other component increases not obvious, can analyze this reservoir and suffer transformation.Figure road, Fig. 3 rightmost side is oil gas aqua index curve, and aqua index coefficient is a=0.7 according to offset well material computation.Gas index I
gminimum 88.6 in 95.7 reduction value reservoirs in upper formation, oily index I
oslightly increase, maximum value 1.4, both are without crossing; Aqua index I
win upper formation, 3.2 be increased to 15.6 of effective reservoir; Meet the water layer feature in interpretation chart, explanation conclusion is water layer.To 2448-2460m formation testing, produce water 24.90m
3/ d, without oil gas output.
By specific embodiment, the present invention is further described above; but it should be understood that; here concrete description; should not be construed as the restriction to the spirit and scope of the invention; one of ordinary skilled in the art, reading the various modifications of after this manual, above-described embodiment being made, belongs to the scope that the present invention protects.
Claims (8)
1. the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate, is characterized in that, comprising:
Parameter acquisition step, fluid logging parameters comprises heavy hydrocarbon component;
Parameter pre-treatment step, chooses the parameter that can reflect that in stratum, fluid properties changes;
Calculation of parameter step, chooses directly three derivative parameters of oily index, gas index, aqua index of reaction oil air water characteristic;
Set up oil gas aqua index standard plate step, according to known formation testing conclusion, with oily index, gas index, three derivative parameter graphing hurdles of aqua index;
Target zone is carried out to the step of calculation of parameter;
The step of target zone being evaluated according to standard plate.
2. the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in parameter acquisition step, fluid well logging acquisition parameter comprises total hydrocarbon and each hydrocarbon component methane C
1, ethane C
2, propane C
3, iso-butane iC
4, normal butane nC
4, isopentane iC
5, pentane nC
5, n-hexane nC
6, normal heptane nC
7, normal octane nC
8, benzene C
6h
6, toluene C
7h
8, alkene C
7h
14.
3. the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in calculation of parameter step,
Gas index I
gc
1account for the percentage of whole gas component as the index of reaction reservoir gassiness,
Gas formula of index: I
g=100*C
1/ (C
1+ C
2+ C
3+ C
4+ C
5+ nC
6+ nC
7+ nC
8).
4. the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in calculation of parameter step, and oily index I
oto indicating oil-containing than more sensitive parameter nC in gas component
5, nC
6, nC
7, nC
8, C
7h
14with light component C
1, C
2, C
3ratio as reflection oil-containing index,
Oil formula of index: I
o=10* (nC
5+ nC
6+ nC
7+ nC
8+ C
7h
14)
2/ (C
1+ C
2+ C
3).
5. the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in calculation of parameter step,
Aqua index I
w: for reservoir oil-containing, suffering situation about putting into the melting pot, aqua index is that in improved reservoir, benzene and these two kinds of components of toluene account for gas component ratio, with respect to oil reservoir phase proportion, significant change can occur;
Aqua index design formulas: I
w=(C
6h
6+ C
7h
8)/(a*nC
6+ nC
7);
Wherein, a is correction coefficient, selects the fluid mud logging gas parameter of offset well formation testing reservoir, and cumulative every meter of gas data of Effective Reservoirs thickness is tried to achieve correction coefficient a according to formula below,
In formula, n is the constant for certain reservoir, the effective thickness that value is this reservoir, dimensionless.
6. the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: set up in oil gas aqua index standard plate step, select gas index, three derivative parameters of oily exponential sum aqua index, in a graphical bar, become figure, according to variation tendency and the parameter area on section is longitudinal of three curves, lithology, oiliness situation with reference to geological logging, according to known formation testing conclusion, comprehensive enough statistics are set up oil gas aqua index plate and are set up oil gas aqua index plate.
7. the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, carries out calculation of parameter step comprise at target zone:
Reservoir thickness calculates: when changing, boring according to landwaste percentage, the parameter such as the pressure of the drill, moment of torsion, dc index, the thickness of reservoir is divided; According to reservoir gas parameter total gas curve form, determine reservoir effective thickness, it is initial well depth H that the abnormal show layer total gas curve of take plays the depth of stratum that peak is corresponding
1, single display peak-to-peak top or continuous high value reduction flex point place accordingly layer depth are end well depth H
2, reservoir effective thickness H is effectively for finishing the poor of well depth and initial well depth, i.e. H
effectively=H
2-H
1;
Reservoir gas index, oily index, aqua index calculate: the target zone parameter from database after extraction process, check and correction, calculates respectively three derivative parameters.
8. the fluid well logging oil-gas-water interpretation method based on oil gas aqua index plate as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, according to criteria for interpretation plate, target zone is carried out in evaluation procedure: the gas index calculating, oily index, aqua index are depicted as to curve according to master scale, the metamorphosis of reference standard plate, parameter area, complete the judgement to target zone.
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