CN104252009B - Method for restoring brittleness and plasticity evolution history of petroleum and natural gas cap rocks - Google Patents
Method for restoring brittleness and plasticity evolution history of petroleum and natural gas cap rocks Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for restoring brittleness and plasticity evolution history of petroleum and natural gas cap rocks, and belongs to the field of oil-gas exploration. According to the method, temperature and stress characteristics of the cap rocks in a specific geological historical period and the resulting changes of plasticity coefficients of the cap rocks are restored, and further, dynamic evolution conditions of brittleness and plasticity coefficients of the cap rocks in different geological historical periods are restored so as to evaluate sealing performance of the cap rocks. By the method, a cap rock effectiveness evaluation system can be formed by combination of mature technology systems in some specific fields, can be used for evaluating effectiveness of the cap rocks in a certain specific geological historical period, and can be combined with structural evolution of basins and stratal up-down history to dynamically evaluate the change characteristic of sealing capability of the cap rocks in the certain geological historical period.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum exploration domain is and in particular to a kind of recovery oil and gas cap rock crisp plasticity Evolutionary History
Method.
Background technology
Existing Enclosing capability evaluation methodology at present, with breakthrough pressure as core, with multiple static rock mechanics ginsengs
Number is main body, has certain limitation.Increasing exploration practices prove, under formation conditions, the crisp of cap rock moulds feature
Producing risk with microcrack is the key issue evaluated in oil-gas preservation condition in multicycle retrofit strategies.The impact crisp plasticity of cap rock
The main geologic factor developing includes: the mechanical properties of rock of (1) cap rock itself；(2) ground in the geological environment residing for cap rock
Stress field；(3) Characteristics of Temperature Field in the geological environment residing for cap rock.Can be surveyed using three axle Rock Mechanics Test devices at present
Try confined pressure within 100mpa, the plastic of temperature cap rock under any Temperature-pressure Conditions within 150 DEG C；Sound wave can be utilized
Log calculates stress field size now, it is possible to use the stress field in Finite Element Method Numerical Simulation earth history period
Size and Orientation；Eroded Thickness recover on the basis of, can with simulated formation any earth history period paleogeotherm.But
These technology are only served in the fields such as single mechanical properties of rock evaluation, stress field recovery and structural evolution at present, and
Cannot function as the evaluation index of specific supracrustal rocks chromatography closed performance in Geological Evolution historical process.
Content of the invention
Crisp plasticity evaluation with regard to oil gas cap rock is all based on the static test to sample now at present, and the purpose of the present invention exists
In solving a difficult problem present in above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of side recovering oil and gas cap rock crisp plasticity Evolutionary History
Method, on the basis of supracrustal rocks mechanical test, recovers in conjunction with stratum palaeostress field and paleotemperature, when setting specific earth history
The temperature and pressure parameter that phase rock stands, the crisp plastic coefficient of the different geology period of history cap rock of test, reach Dynamic- Recovery
The purpose of the crisp plastic coefficient in any earth history period for the cap rock, thus providing underlying parameter for evaluating effective seal rock, be
Researching Oil-gas Cheng Zangyu destructive process and mechanism provide reference and support, provide foundation for finding Beneficial Zones of Exploring.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method recovering oil and gas cap rock crisp plasticity Evolutionary History, it passes through to recover the specific geology period of history
The temperature of cap rock and stress characteristics, and the conversion of the cap rock plastic coefficient thus leading to, and then recover the crisp plasticity system of cap rock
Count the dynamic evolution in the different geology periods of history, thus evaluating the sealing ability of cap rock.
Methods described includes:
(1), ancient stress estimation；
(2), paleotemperature is recovered；
(3), set up cap rock plastic coefficient and stress field and temperature field crosses relation；
(4), the crisp plasticity of cap rock develops and recovers.
Described step (1) is achieved in that
(11) obtain the data of oil-gas bearing basin and its Outlying area tectonic stress field, comprising:
1. make full use of existing basin geologic information and geophysical information carries out basin structure analysis, divide different
Tectonic epochs, and determine the direction of the ancient India in each construction period；
2. carry out geologic(al) period paleostress value estimation using dislocation density method under transmission electron microscope and acoustic-emission, using hydraulic pressure
Fracturing method, Borehole Breakout Data and focal mechanism solution determine the size of recent structure ancient India；The direction of described ancient India and Gu should
The size of power is the tectonic stress data of actual measurement；
3. on triaxial pressure machine, the representative petrophysical parameter of each tectonic epochs in basin is measured；Described parameter bag
Include density, uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modelling quantity and the Poisson's ratio of rock；
(12) set up geological model: by basin and regional tectonics, develop history and carry out systematic research and comprehensive
Close analysis, set up D geology model or three-dimensional geological model (using each period distribution of faults figure as the basic framework of model, then
Petrofacies boundary line subregion plus each phase stratum constitutes the geological model of simulation, refer to list of references: Qiu Dengfeng, Zheng Menglin,
The fine jade, " research of TZ area structure stress scene simulation method " of Zhang Zhongpei. tectonics and metallogeny .2012,36 (2): 168-
175)；
(13) carry out the numerical simulation of inverting with the FInite Element approaching step by step；
The tectonic stress data of the actual measurement being obtained with step (11), as constraints, uses Finite element method simulation tectonic stress
Field carries out numerical value；Method using approaching step by step, that is, by boundary condition, (simulation of boundary condition exponential quantity sets when starting
The contact relation with country rock for the geological model border (usually tomography or petrofacies border)) and various physical parameter (fingering is to firm
Degree kn, shear stiffness kt, coefficient of friction k and maximum allowable penetrating value gmax, refer to document: Qiu Dengfeng, Zheng Menglin, Zhang Yu,
" research of TZ area structure stress scene simulation method " of Zhang Zhongpei. tectonics and metallogeny .2012,36 (2): 168-175)
Multiple debugging, make numerical simulation result approach the tectonic stress data of described actual measurement, thus realize to whole oil-gas bearing basin
Carry out structure stress scene simulation method, obtain different times Basin Tectonic stress field flat distribution map, recover earth history period
The size and direction of the stress that supracrustal rocks receive, i.e. ancient India.
Described step (2) is achieved in that
(21) reflectance of vitrinite ro, fission track, the geologic thermometer data of hydrogen index (HI) are collected；
(22) collect stratum residual thickness and recover the Eroded Thickness of unconformable interface；
(23) utilize basin modelling software simulated formation buried history and ground temperature history, obtain studying the paleotemperature in area.
Described step (3) is achieved in that
The paleotemperature being obtained with step (2) according to the ancient India that step (1) obtains, is obtained supracrustal rocks and goes through in specific geology
The stress of history period experience and temperature profile, set experiment condition based on this and obtain rock under different confined pressures and temperature conditionss
The plate that crosses of stone plastic coefficient change, specific as follows:
(31) Selecting research area cap rock sample carries out triaxial stress Rock Mechanics Test, sets different temperatures and different confined pressure
Condition；
(32) multigroup triaxial stress Rock Mechanics Test is carried out to supracrustal rocks sample, ask for the plastic coefficient of cap rock；
(33) plastic coefficient that the triaxial stress Rock Mechanics Test under specified temp and confined pressure obtains by every group of cap rock
Corresponding temperature and confined pressure are done to cross and are obtained the figure that crosses of rock plasticity index variation under different confined pressures and temperature conditionss
Version；
Described step (4) is achieved in that
According to the stress field residing for earth history period cap rock and temperature field condition, using step (3) obtain in difference
The plate that crosses of rock plasticity index variation under confined pressure and temperature conditionss, asks for described stress field and temperature field condition is corresponding moulds
Property coefficient, can set up dynamic cap rock crisp plastic coefficient evolution curve, thus providing basic number for evaluating effective seal rock
According to.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: apply method proposed by the present invention, can will be existing some
In specific area, the technological system of comparative maturity is combined into an effective seal rock evaluation system, not only can evaluate certain specifically
The effectiveness of matter period of history cap rock, furthermore, it is possible to be combined with the structural evolution in basin and the lifting history on stratum, is dynamically commented
The variation characteristic of sealing ability of cap rock in certain earth history stage of valency.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the step block diagram of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the plate that crosses of rock plasticity index variation under different confined pressures and temperature conditionss.
Fig. 3 is the stress-strain curve of rock.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail:
The present invention proposes a kind of method recovering oil and gas cap rock crisp plasticity Evolutionary History, and this technology is by ancient India
Recovery system, paleogeotherm recovery system, cap rock plasticity and thermobaric field cross plate and cap rock crisp plasticity recovery system four part group
Become, by recovering the temperature of specific geology period of history cap rock and pressure characteristic, and the cap rock plastic coefficient thus leading to
Conversion, and then recover the dynamic evolution in the different geology periods of history for the crisp plastic coefficient of cap rock, thus evaluating cap rock
Sealing ability.The sealing ability the method overcoming cap rock in conventional research can only, isolated earth history specific at certain
Period is carried out, and can not laterally carry out the weakness of dynamic evaluation.4 subsystems proposed by the present invention, all use and have become at present
Ripe analytical technology is carried out, and method reliability, it is easy to operation, has good promotion prospect.
The present invention is using the ancient stress estimation biology barrier (structure in oil-gas bearing basin of domestic and international comparative maturity at present
The method making stress field research, method proposed by the present invention, realized by following steps:
1st, ancient stress estimation
(1) multidisciplinary, many means ground obtain the relevant data of oil-gas bearing basin and its Outlying area tectonic stress field: 1. fill
Divide and utilize existing basin geologic information and geophysical information, be systematically carried out basin structure analysis, divide different constructions
Phase, and determine the principal direction of stress in each construction period；2. carry out ground using dislocation density method and acoustic-emission etc. under transmission electron microscope
Matter period paleostress value is estimated, determines Modern tectonic stress using hydraulic fracturing, Borehole Breakout Data and focal mechanism solution etc.
Size；3. on triaxial pressure machine, the representative petrophysical parameter of each tectonic epochs in basin is measured.
(2) set up geological model.By systematic research and synthesis are carried out to basin and regional tectonics, growth history
Analysis, sets up two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally matter model.
(3) carry out the numerical simulation of inverting with the FInite Element approaching step by step.
With above-mentioned various actual measurement tectonic stress data as constraints, with Finite Element, numerical value is carried out to tectonic stress field
Simulation, in order that the result of numerical simulation has more fully constraints, the method using approaching step by step, that is, by perimeter strip
Part and the multiple debugging of various physical parameter, make numerical simulation result approach the tectonic stress data of actual measurement, thus realizing to whole
Individual oil-gas bearing basin carries out structure stress scene simulation method, obtains different times Basin Tectonic stress field flat distribution map and (please join
Examine Zhang Mingli, " the oil-gas bearing basin tectonic stress field New research progress " of Wan Tianfeng, Advances in Earth Science .1998,13 (1): 38-
43), recover the size and direction of the stress that earth history period supracrustal rocks receive.
2nd, paleotemperature is recovered
Using existing paleogeotherm restoration methods, (paleogeotherm of basin yardstick typically adopts various geologic thermometers (as ro, fission
Track, hydrogen index (HI) etc.) constrain basin modelling method (refer to Hu Shengbiao, Zhang Rongyan, Zhou Licheng. oil-and-gas basin Thermal history
Method. explorationist .1998,3 (4): 52-54).Conventional simulation softward has the basinmod of pra company of the U.S., German ies public
The petromod of the department and temisflow of IFP's research and development), recover the Paleo-geothermal Field of any geology period of history,
Obtain the paleogeotherm feature that supracrustal rocks now experience.Specific as follows:
(1) ro, fission track, the geologic thermometer data of hydrogen index (HI) are collected；
(2) collect stratum residual thickness and recover unconformable interface Eroded Thickness (conventional method have geologic thermometer method,
Formation tendency method, palaeo-heat flow method etc. (refer to Yuan Yusong, Zheng Herong, apply big " sedimentary basin erosion restoration method ". oil
Geology tested .2008,30 (6): 636-642)；
(3) (conventional simulation softward has the basinmod of pra company of the U.S., German ies company to utilize basin modelling software
Petromod and IFP's research and development temisflow) simulated formation buries good history and ground temperature history, obtain studying area
Paleogeotherm data.
3rd, set up cap rock plastic coefficient and stress field and temperature field crosses relation
The result being obtained with paleotemperature recovery system according to ancient India, obtains supracrustal rocks in specific geology period of history warp
The pressure and temperature feature gone through, sets experiment condition, the cap rock plastic coefficient obtaining and stress field and temperature field based on this
The relation that crosses is used in cap rock crisp plasticity Evolution System.Specific as follows:
Selecting research area cap rock sample carries out triaxial stress Rock Mechanics Test, for simulation cap rock in different earth history
The situation of change of the plastic coefficient in phase evolutionary process, sets different temperatures and different confined pressure condition (considers oil-gas bearing basin
The general temperature of depth of exploration takes 0～200 DEG C, and confined pressure takes 0～150mpa.Supracrustal rocks sample is carried out with multigroup triaxial stress rock
Experiments of Machanics, ask for the plastic coefficient of cap rock, finally can obtain certain set rock stratum rock under different confined pressures and temperature conditionss and mould
The plate that crosses of property coefficient change (just refers to that plastic system in Fig. 1 and Temperature-pressure Conditions cross system 103？Right) (as Fig. 2 institute
Show) (every group of Rock Mechanics Test under specified temp and confined pressure can obtain corresponding plastic coefficient, crosses between three
This plate can be obtained), cap rock plastic coefficient under any Temperature-pressure Conditions can be asked for according to this plate, you can think dynamic evaluation
The sealing ability in any earth history period for this set stratum provides immediate data.
(Fig. 3 is just given to refer to Fig. 3 according to the concrete grammar that the curve of three axle Rock Mechanics Tests asks for plastic coefficient
It is the curve of three axle Rock Mechanics Tests), specific as follows:
In formula:
The plastic coefficient of k rock；
The total work expending before af catalase, is equivalent to area oabco；
The ae resilience work of deformation, is equivalent to area oedo.
(4) the crisp plasticity of cap rock develops and recovers
Ancient confined pressure, paleotemperature data is continuous obtain on the basis of, the plastic coefficient that obtained using Rock Mechanics Test with
Stress field and the plate that crosses in temperature field, the plastic coefficient evolution dynamically continuously recovering cap rock in the whole geology period of history is bent
Line.Specific as follows:
(just refer to the different confined pressures that step (3) obtains in the cap rock plastic coefficient obtaining from temperature and pressure dependence plate
The plate that crosses with rock plasticity index variation under temperature conditionss) on the basis of, according to answering residing for earth history period cap rock
The field of force and temperature field condition, ask for its plastic coefficient and (are exactly to correspond to pressure and temperature in Fig. 2, find its corresponding plasticity
Coefficient), you can set up dynamic cap rock crisp plastic coefficient evolution curve (the cap rock crisp plasticity evolution restorer just referring in Fig. 1
System 104), thus providing basic data for evaluating effective seal rock.
Apply method proposed by the present invention, the crisp plasticity history of evolution of Sichuan Basin Cambrian system gypsum-salt rock cap rock is carried out
Recover, and the closure of different geology period of history cap rocks has been carried out with preliminary assessment, evaluation result is kissed with Oil-gas Exploration Practice
Close preferably.Compared with tradition research method, this technology, because there being specific rock mechanics parameters to support, therefore has reliability
High feature；Meanwhile, integrated use geologic information, makes this technology have the accurate feature of prediction, has good promotion prospect.
Apply method proposed by the present invention, the technological system of comparative maturity in existing some specific areas can be combined into
One effective seal rock evaluation system, not only can evaluate the effectiveness of certain specific geology period of history cap rock, furthermore, it is possible to
The lifting history on the structural evolution in basin and stratum combines, sealing ability of cap rock in certain earth history stage of dynamic evaluation
Variation characteristic.Technique may apply in oil-gas bearing basin Cap Assessment, predicts its closure dynamic evolution feature, simultaneously
There is the features such as easy to operate and practical value is high, there is good promotion prospect.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, at this
On the basis of disclosure of the invention application process and principle it is easy to make various types of improve or deform, be not limited solely to this
Invent the method described by above-mentioned specific embodiment, therefore previously described mode simply preferably, and does not have restriction
The meaning of property.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of recover oil and gas cap rock crisp plasticity Evolutionary History method it is characterised in that: methods described pass through recover
The temperature of specific geology period of history cap rock and stress characteristics, and the change of the cap rock plastic coefficient thus leading to, so extensive
The plastic coefficient of overcoat is in the dynamic evolution of different geology periods of history, thus evaluating the sealing ability of cap rock,
Methods described includes:
(1), ancient stress estimation；
(2), paleotemperature is recovered；
(3), set up cap rock plastic coefficient and stress field and temperature field crosses relation；
(4), the crisp plasticity of cap rock develops and recovers,
Described step (1) is achieved in that
(11) obtain the data of oil-gas bearing basin and its Outlying area tectonic stress field, comprising:
1. make full use of existing basin geologic information and geophysical information carries out basin structure analysis, divide different constructions
Phase, and determine the direction of the ancient India in each construction period；
2. carry out geologic(al) period paleostress value estimation using dislocation density method under transmission electron microscope and acoustic-emission, using hydrofracturing
Method, Borehole Breakout Data and focal mechanism solution determine the size of recent structure ancient India；The direction of described ancient India and ancient India
Size is the tectonic stress data of actual measurement；
3. on triaxial pressure machine, the representative petrophysical parameter of each tectonic epochs in basin is measured；Described parameter includes rock
The density of stone, uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modelling quantity and Poisson's ratio；
(12) set up geological model: by systematic research and total score are carried out to basin and regional tectonics, growth history
Analysis, sets up two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally matter model；
(13) carry out the numerical simulation of inverting with the FInite Element approaching step by step:
The tectonic stress data of the actual measurement being obtained with step (11), as constraints, is carried out to tectonic stress field with Finite Element
Numerical simulation；Method using approaching step by step, that is, by the multiple debugging to boundary condition and various physical parameter, makes Numerical-Mode
Intend the tectonic stress data that result approaches described actual measurement, thus realizing carrying out tectonic stress field Numerical-Mode to whole oil-gas bearing basin
Intend, obtain different times Basin Tectonic stress field flat distribution map, recover the stress that earth history period supracrustal rocks receive
Size and direction, i.e. ancient India,
Described step (2) is achieved in that
(21) reflectance of vitrinite ro, fission track, the geologic thermometer data of hydrogen index (HI) are collected；
(22) collect stratum residual thickness and recover the Eroded Thickness of unconformable interface；
(23) simulated formation buried history and ground temperature history, obtains studying the paleotemperature in area,
Described step (3) is achieved in that
The paleotemperature being obtained with step (2) according to the ancient India that step (1) obtains, obtains supracrustal rocks in specific earth history
The stress of phase experience and temperature profile, set experiment condition based on this and obtain rock under different confined pressures and temperature conditionss and mould
The plate that crosses of property coefficient change, specific as follows:
(31) Selecting research area cap rock sample carries out triaxial stress Rock Mechanics Test, sets different temperatures and different confined pressure bar
Part；
(32) multigroup triaxial stress Rock Mechanics Test is carried out to supracrustal rocks sample, ask for the plastic coefficient of cap rock；
(33) plastic coefficient triaxial stress Rock Mechanics Test under specified temp and confined pressure for the every group of rock stratum being obtained and its
Corresponding temperature and confined pressure are done to cross and are obtained the plate that crosses of rock plasticity index variation under different confined pressures and temperature conditionss.
2. according to claim 1 recover oil and gas cap rock crisp plasticity Evolutionary History method it is characterised in that: institute
State step (4) to be achieved in that
According to the stress field residing for earth history period cap rock and temperature field condition, using step (3) obtain in different confined pressures
With the plate that crosses of rock plasticity index variation under temperature conditionss, ask for described stress field and temperature field condition corresponding plasticity system
Number, can set up dynamic cap rock plastic coefficient evolution curve.
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| CN106019400B (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2018-11-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A method of obtaining plasticity index |
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| CN106289964B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2019-03-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of mud shale Gu compression strength determines method |
| CN106291695A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2017-01-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Eroded Thickness computational methods |
| CN105093311A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-25 | 成都理工大学 | Stratum denudation thickness measurement method for superposition basin multi-phase difference upheaval region |
| CN106249296B (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Change the method for predicting reservoir and device under cap rock condition |
| CN106815412B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2020-07-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Simulation method and device for structural stress field |
| CN108828666B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-12-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for recovering buried history of stratum near normal fault |
| CN109884135B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-09-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Oil-gas two-phase flow pattern representation method and device |
| CN111009179B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2022-01-25 | 上海同继地质科技有限公司 | Method and device for determining denudation thickness |
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