CN109874941A - A kind of promotion weanling pig growing plants extract and application - Google Patents
A kind of promotion weanling pig growing plants extract and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to feed additive field, a kind of promotion weanling pig growing plants extract and application are specifically disclosed.Neem leaf extract is used for feed addictive by present invention applicant's discovery, can be improved Growth Performance of Weaning Piglets, and has the ability for improving Intestinal Morphology, promoting intestine of young pigs Tiny ecosystem health, and the growth and development of piglet is greatly facilitated, improves its growth performance.By feed addictive obtained after neem leaf extract and Herba Plantaginis extract, Radix Pulsatillae extract, houttuynia extract, common embelia fruit extract, Astragalus Root P.E compounding, the active constituent in natural extract can be made to be enriched with, multiple target effect is in piglet body, and additive therefor all is from natural plants, advantageously reduce the use of antibiotic in the breeding process, noresidue, nonhazardous, promotion piglet without side-effects grows and reduces the diarrhea rate of piglet, improves the benefit on pig farm.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to feed additive fields, and in particular to a kind of promotion weanling pig growing plants extract and answer
With.
Technical background
Piglet is for a period of time due to daily ration antigen allergy after wean, and trophic factors lacks, feeding management and stress factor
Influence, usually can loss of appetite, slow growth is even sluggish, and efficiency of feed utilization is low.The digestive function of piglet is not complete, especially
Wean the impaired development for causing weaning stress that can cause enteron aisle, Villus atrophy, barrier occurs so as to cause the absorption of nutriment
Hinder, growth performance is caused to be greatly reduced.And with the raising for cultivating intensive degree in recent years, culturist answers to improve piglet
Swash tolerance and reduce disease incidence, antibiotic is largely added in feed, but largely uses antibiotic and zinc oxide for a long time
On the one hand equal drugs make pathogenic microorganism generate drug resistance and reduce curative effect of medication, another aspect medicament residue is in fecaluria and flesh
In meat and organ, adverse effect is brought to human health and environmental pollution, and seriously threaten the sound development of pig breeding industry.
There is a small amount of research report to be added to the life for improving weanling pig in feed using Chinese herbal medicine and its compound preparation at present
Long performance, such product has many advantages, such as natural, noresidue, safe, but such product tool has a serious limitation: most of
Chinese herb feed additive is to be directly appended to feed in feed after being pulverized and mixed various Chinese herbal medicines, however such product
Additive amount is big, and type is more, and production and transport is inconvenient, and quality is influenced by factors such as the places of origin of raw materials, holding conditions, effect
Stability is poor, significantly limits the application and popularization of its commercialization.
Present invention firstly discovers that neem extract has growth promotion, improve the effect of weanling pig intestinal health；By its with
After other Chinese medical extracts compounding, it is added in weanling pig feed as feed addictive, advantageously reduces antibiotic and supporting
Use during growing, noresidue, nonhazardous is without side-effects, promotes piglet growth, improves intestinal health, improve pig farm
Benefit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of promotion weanling pig growing plants extract, the plant extract sources
In neem leaf, extracting method is simple
It is another object of the present invention to provide neem leaf extracts in being prepared into feed additive for weaning piglet
Application.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical measures:
A kind of promotion weanling pig growing plants extract, extraction step include: fresh neem leaf at 50-75 DEG C
Drying in oven crushes, and sieving obtains neem leaf coarse powder；The methanol solution of neem leaf coarse powder and 75-80% are pressed into solid-liquid ratio 1:
The ratio of 10-15 (g/mL) mixes, and 30-50min is extracted in ultrasonic extraction tank, and temperature is controlled at 40-50 DEG C, depressurized
Filter, filtrate are eluted 2-3 times with ethyl acetate, are drying to obtain.
Neem leaf extract is mentioned in the application being prepared into feed additive for weaning piglet including the use of plant of the invention
Object is taken to be added directly in weanling pig feed；Or it is added to after compounding plant extracts of the invention with other compositions disconnected
In milk pig starter feed；
In above-described application, it is preferred that the additive amount in weanling pig feed is 200-350g/t；
In above-described application, it is preferred that when the feeding for compounding plant extracts of the invention with other compositions
Feed additives, component include: 20~30 parts of neem leaf extract, 15~25 parts of Herba Plantaginis extract, Radix Pulsatillae extract 10-
20,10~20 parts of houttuynia extract, 5~10 parts of common embelia fruit extract, 5~7 parts of Astragalus Root P.E, parts by weight.
Protection scope of the present invention further include: neem leaf extract provided by the invention, or the feed that compounding obtains add
Add agent, promotes the application in weanling pig growth；Promote the application in enteron aisle lactobacter growth in preparation；Alleviate in preparation small
Application in the drug of intestinal villus atrophy；The application in immunity preparation is improved in preparation.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
Present invention firstly discovers that neem extract has growth promotion, improve the effect of weanling pig intestinal health；It is each to extract
The compounded combination of object is enriched with the active constituent in natural extract, and multiple target effect has reached association in piglet body
The effect of same-action；And additive therefor all is from natural plants, advantageously reduces antibiotic making in the breeding process
With noresidue, nonhazardous is without side-effects, promotes piglet growth, improves intestinal health, improve the benefit on pig farm.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below, but the present invention should not be limited by the examples.This hair
The bright technical solution is if not otherwise specified the conventional scheme of this field；The reagent or material, if not otherwise specified,
Derive from commercial channel.
Embodiment 1:
Neem leaf extract is prepared by the following method:
(1) the fresh neem leaf by market purchase is dried, and is crushed, and 60 meshes are crossed, and obtains dry neem leaf coarse powder.
(2) methanol solution of neem leaf coarse powder and 80% is mixed in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:10 (g/mL), in ultrasonic wave
40min is extracted in extractor, temperature is controlled at 45 DEG C, is filtered under diminished pressure, and filtrate is simultaneously eluted 3 times with ethyl acetate, and filtrate is at 85 DEG C
It is dry in drying box.
(3) crushed after being dried crosses 60 meshes, obtains neem leaf extract, is used for following embodiment.
Embodiment 2:
Independent role effect of the neem leaf extract to weanling pig:
1, experimental animal and experimental design
Test selects 150 average weights young for " Du × length × big " three way cross wean of 5 ± 0.5kg (21 age in days)
Pig, is randomly divided into 5 groups, every group of 5 repetitions, 6 pigs of each repetition (male and female: fifty-fifty), including a blank control group and 4
A test group.Blank control group daily ration is basic daily ration, remaining 4 test group swine rations adds on the basis of control group daily ration respectively
Add neem leaf extract 200g/t, 250g/t, 300g/t, 350g/t, be respectively designated as: test group 1, test group 2, test group 3
With test group 4, experimental period 15d observes and records pig diarrhea, influenza and mental status daily.In breeding process, to each group
Pig incidence is counted.At the end of feeding experiment, pig growth performance, diarrhea rate, blood parameters are divided
Analysis, and butchered (totally 25) from 1 pig is randomly choosed in every group in 5 repetitions, detect the number of bacterium in enteron aisle and excrement
Amount.Small intestine samples are acquired, small intestinal villous height and Crypt depth are measured.
Data statistic analysis: test data is for statistical analysis using SPSS19.0 statistical software, as a result see the table below.
1 growth performance index of table and diarrhea rate
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Daily ingestion amount/kg | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.59 | 0.61 |
| Daily gain/kg | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.39 |
| Feedstuff-meat ratio | 1.92 | 1.80 | 1.75 | 1.74 | 1.56 |
| Diarrhea rate (%) | 17.33 | 12.38 | 10.13 | 9.76 | 7.32 |
As shown in 1 result of table, pig daily ingestion amount and daily gain in test group 1-4 all occur aobvious relative to control group
The rising of work, and feedstuff-meat ratio and diarrhea rate in test group 1-4, all significantly decrease relative to control group, illustrate test group 1-4
It can play and improve swine growth performance, alleviate the effect of grice diarrhoea, wherein optimal with the effect of test group 4.In addition, pig
Influenza and mental condition without significant difference.
2 piglet serum biochemistry of table, immune indexes
| Testing index | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| IgA(g/L) | 0.24 | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 0.39 |
| IgG(g/L) | 6.34 | 6.52 | 6.98 | 7.24 | 7.61 |
| IgM(g/L) | 0.66 | 0.74 | 0.69 | 0.86 | 0.91 |
| Tumor necrosis factor α (ng/ml) | 105.61 | 97.38 | 92.15 | 89.63 | 82.14 |
| Interleukin 6 (pg/ml) | 214.23 | 214.59 | 207.42 | 198.57 | 184.73 |
As shown in 2 result of table, globulin IgA in test group 1-4, IgG, IgM content has centainly relative to control group
Or significant rising, and under tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6 content have significantly relative to control group in test group 1-4
Drop, this, which shows test group 1-4, can play the role of improving immunity of organisms, wherein optimal with the effect of test group 4.
E. CoIi content (Log10 (cfu/g)) in 3 enteron aisle of table and excrement
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Caecum | 7.25 | 6.92 | 6.83 | 6.75 | 6.62 |
| Colon | 7.55 | 7.38 | 7.01 | 6.85 | 6.34 |
| Rectum | 7.74 | 7.68 | 7.68 | 7.59 | 7.47 |
| Excrement | 8.22 | 7.94 | 7.73 | 7.68 | 7.44 |
As shown in 3 result of table, Escherichia coli in (caecum, colon, rectum) and excrement in each enteron aisle in test group 1-4
Content has significant decline relative to control group, this, which shows test group 1-4, can play resistance harmful intestinal tract bacteria Escherichia coli
Effect, wherein optimal with the effect of test group 4.
Salmonella content (Log10 (cfu/g)) in 4 enteron aisle of table and excrement
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Caecum | 8.95 | 8.72 | 8.63 | 8.57 | 8.48 |
| Colon | 9.26 | 9.06 | 8.88 | 8.76 | 8.68 |
| Rectum | 9.33 | 9.21 | 9.04 | 8.91 | 8.85 |
| Excrement | 9.71 | 9.64 | 9.48 | 9.20 | 9.03 |
As shown in 4 result of table, salmonella in (caecum, colon, rectum) and excrement in each enteron aisle in test group 1-4
Content has significant decline relative to control group, this, which shows test group 1-4, can play resistance harmful intestinal tract bacteria salmonella
Effect, wherein optimal with the effect of test group 4.
Content of lactic acid bacteria (Log10 (cfu/g)) in 5 enteron aisle of table and excrement
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Caecum | 6.38 | 6.84 | 7.26 | 8.04 | 8.92 |
| Colon | 7.15 | 7.93 | 8.29 | 8.88 | 9.31 |
| Rectum | 8.01 | 8.44 | 9.26 | 9.77 | 10.12 |
| Excrement | 8.75 | 9.04 | 9.72 | 9.95 | 10.61 |
As shown in 5 result of table, lactic acid bacteria contains in (caecum, colon, rectum) and excrement in each enteron aisle in test group 1-4
Amount has significant rising relative to control group, this, which shows test group 1-4, can play the work for promoting intestinal beneficial bacterium lactic acid bacteria
With wherein optimal with the effect of test group 4.
6 weanling pig small intestinal villous height of table and Crypt depth
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Height of naps (μm) | 502.17 | 514.32 | 520.11 | 536.42 | 541.58 |
| Crypt depth (μm) | 91.48 | 97.62 | 97.94 | 103.77 | 106.87 |
As shown in 6 result of table, small intestinal villous height and Crypt depth in test group 1-4 have significantly relative to control group
Increase, this shows test group 1-4 and can play the role of to improve intestinal health and function, can increase Crypt depth, alleviate
The atrophy of intestinal villi.It is wherein optimal with the effect of test group 4.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of feed addictive promoting weanling pig growth, comprising: 30 parts of neem leaf extract, Herba Plantaginis extract 22
Part, 20 parts of Radix Pulsatillae extract, 18 parts of houttuynia extract, 5 parts of common embelia fruit extract, 5 parts of Astragalus Root P.E, parts by weight.
The neem leaf extract the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the fresh neem leaf by market purchase is dried, and is crushed, and 60 meshes are crossed, and obtains dry neem leaf coarse powder.
(2) methanol solution of neem leaf coarse powder and 80% is mixed in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:10 (g/mL), in ultrasonic wave
40min is extracted in extractor, temperature is controlled at 45 DEG C, is filtered under diminished pressure, and is eluted 3 times with ethyl acetate, and in 85 DEG C of drying boxes
Interior drying.
(3) crushed after being dried crosses 60 meshes, obtains neem leaf extract, is used for following embodiment.
Additive amount of the feed addictive prepared in the present embodiment in weanling pig child care material is 200g/t.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of feed addictive promoting weanling pig growth, comprising: 28 parts of neem leaf extract, Herba Plantaginis extract 25
Part, 16 parts of Radix Pulsatillae extract, 15 parts of houttuynia extract, 10 parts of common embelia fruit extract, 6 parts of Astragalus Root P.E, parts by weight.
Additive amount of the feed addictive prepared in the present embodiment in weanling pig child care material is 250g/t.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of feed addictive promoting weanling pig growth, comprising: 26 parts of neem leaf extract, Herba Plantaginis extract 23
Part, 18 parts of Radix Pulsatillae extract, 18 parts of houttuynia extract, 8 parts of common embelia fruit extract, 7 parts of Astragalus Root P.E.
Additive amount of the feed addictive prepared in the present embodiment in weanling pig child care material is 300g/t.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of feed addictive promoting weanling pig growth, comprising: 23 parts of neem leaf extract, Herba Plantaginis extract 22
Part, 20 parts of Radix Pulsatillae extract, 18 parts of houttuynia extract, 10 parts of common embelia fruit extract, 7 parts of Astragalus Root P.E.
Additive amount of the feed addictive prepared in the present embodiment in weanling pig child care material is 350g/t.
Embodiment 7:
The application effect of feed addictive prepared by embodiment 3~6 in weanling pig:
Experimental animal and experimental design
Test selects 150 average weights for " Du × length × big " tri-crossbreeding of 5 ± 0.5kg (21 age in days), at random
It is divided into 5 groups, every group of 5 repetitions, 6 pigs of each repetition (male and female: fifty-fifty) are tested including a blank control group and 4
Group (test group 1~4).Blank control group daily ration is basic daily ration, and does not add any additive in embodiment 3~6, remaining
4 test group swine rations add additive made from embodiment 3~6 on the basis of control group daily ration respectively, and adding proportion is shown in respectively
Embodiment, the group for being added to embodiment 3-6 additive respectively correspond test group 1~4, and experimental period 15d is observed and recorded daily
Pig diarrhea, influenza and clear refreshing situation.In breeding process, each group pig incidence is counted.Feeding experiment knot
Shu Shi analyzes pig growth performance, diarrhea rate, blood parameters, and from randomly choosing 1 in 5 repetitions in every group
Head pig is butchered (25) totally, and the quantity of bacterium in enteron aisle and excrement is detected.Small intestine samples are acquired, small intestinal villous height is measured
And Crypt depth.
Data statistic analysis:
Test data is for statistical analysis using SPSS19.0 statistical software, as a result see the table below.
7 growth performance index of table and diarrhea rate
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Daily ingestion amount/kg | 0.53 | 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.65 | 0.68 |
| Daily gain/kg | 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.44 |
| Feedstuff-meat ratio | 1.89 | 1.72 | 1.61 | 1.58 | 1.54 |
| Diarrhea rate (%) | 17.33 | 6.44 | 5.26 | 4.32 | 4.06 |
As shown in 7 result of table, after being added to the pannage of embodiment 3-6, pig daily ingestion amount and daily gain, test group phase
All occur significant rising for control group, and middle feedstuff-meat ratio and diarrhea rate in test group 1~4, all relative to control group
It significantly decreases, raising swine growth performance can be played by illustrating the additive in embodiment 3-6, alleviate the effect of grice diarrhoea
Fruit, wherein optimal with the effect of embodiment 6.In addition, the influenza of pig and mental condition are without significant difference.
8 piglet serum biochemistry of table, immune indexes
| Testing index | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| IgA(g/L) | 0.24 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.41 |
| IgG(g/L) | 6.34 | 6.88 | 7.03 | 7.62 | 7.73 |
| IgM(g/L) | 0.66 | 0.77 | 0.86 | 0.91 | 0.97 |
| Tumor necrosis factor α (ng/ml) | 105.61 | 81.45 | 79.69 | 77.84 | 61.68 |
| Interleukin 6 (pg/ml) | 214.23 | 202.38 | 197.23 | 172.54 | 144.56 |
As shown in 8 result of table, globulin IgA in test group 1~4, IgG, IgM content has centainly relative to control group
Or significant rising, and tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6 content have significantly relative to control group in test group 1~4
Decline, this, which shows the additive in embodiment 3-6, can play the role of improving immunity of organisms, wherein with the effect of embodiment 6
Fruit is optimal.
E. CoIi content (Log10 (cfu/g)) in 9 enteron aisle of table and excrement
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Caecum | 7.25 | 6.64 | 6.52 | 6.36 | 6.25 |
| Colon | 7.55 | 6.78 | 6.64 | 6.35 | 6.08 |
| Rectum | 7.74 | 7.12 | 6.85 | 6.56 | 6.27 |
| Excrement | 8.22 | 7.74 | 7.62 | 7.37 | 7.01 |
As shown in 9 result of table, Escherichia coli in (caecum, colon, rectum) and excrement in each enteron aisle in test group 1~4
Content have significant decline relative to control group, this shows the additive in embodiment 3-6 and can play that resisting enteron aisle has
The effect of evil bacterium Escherichia coli, wherein optimal with the effect of embodiment 6.
Salmonella content (Log10 (cfu/g)) in 10 enteron aisle of table and excrement
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Caecum | 8.95 | 8.42 | 8.52 | 8.36 | 8.05 |
| Colon | 9.26 | 8.79 | 8.63 | 8.57 | 8.28 |
| Rectum | 9.33 | 8.91 | 8.74 | 8.61 | 8.39 |
| Excrement | 9.71 | 9.23 | 9.11 | 8.98 | 8.64 |
As shown in 10 result of table, salmonella in (caecum, colon, rectum) and excrement in each enteron aisle of test group 1~4
Content has significant decline relative to control group, this shows that the additive in embodiment 3-6 can play resistance harmful intestinal tract
The effect of bacterium salmonella, wherein optimal with the effect of embodiment 6.
Content of lactic acid bacteria (Log10 (cfu/g)) in 11 enteron aisle of table and excrement
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Caecum | 6.38 | 7.06 | 7.92 | 8.51 | 9.34 |
| Colon | 7.15 | 8.55 | 9.37 | 9.76 | 10.02 |
| Rectum | 8.01 | 8.67 | 9.83 | 10.04 | 10.57 |
| Excrement | 8.75 | 9.64 | 10.14 | 10.79 | 11.28 |
As shown in 11 result of table, lactic acid bacteria contains in (caecum, colon, rectum) and excrement in each enteron aisle of test group 1~4
Amount has significant rising relative to control group, this, which shows test group 1-4, can play the work for promoting intestinal beneficial bacterium lactic acid bacteria
With wherein optimal with the effect of embodiment 6.
12 weanling pig small intestinal villous height of table and Crypt depth
| Project | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 |
| Height of naps (μm) | 502.17 | 526.78 | 534.67 | 550.13 | 561.24 |
| Crypt depth (μm) | 91.48 | 104.35 | 111.55 | 120.33 | 128.47 |
As shown in 12 result of table, small intestinal villous height and Crypt depth in test group 1~4 have aobvious relative to control group
The increase of work, this, which shows test group 1-4, can play the role of improving intestinal health and function, can increase Crypt depth, delay
Solve the atrophy of intestinal villi.It is wherein optimal with the effect of embodiment 6.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of promotion weanling pig growing plants extract, extraction step includes: that fresh neem leaf is dried at 50-75 DEG C
Drying in case, crushes, and sieving obtains neem leaf coarse powder；The methanol solution of neem leaf coarse powder and 75-80% are pressed into solid-liquid ratio 1:10-
Ratio mixing 15(g/mL), extracts 30-50min in ultrasonic extraction tank, and temperature is controlled at 40-50 DEG C, is filtered under diminished pressure, and filters
Liquid is eluted 2-3 times with ethyl acetate, is drying to obtain.
2. plant extracts prepared by claim 1 is in the application being prepared into feed additive for weaning piglet.
3. a kind of feed additive for weaning piglet, component includes: 20 ~ 30 parts of neem leaf extract, Herba Plantaginis extract 15 ~ 25
Part, Radix Pulsatillae extract 10-20,10 ~ 20 parts of houttuynia extract, 5 ~ 10 parts of common embelia fruit extract, 5 ~ 7 parts of Astragalus Root P.E,
Parts by weight.
4. plant extracts described in claim 1 or feed addictive as claimed in claim 3 are promoting weanling pig growth
In application.
5. plant extracts described in claim 1 or feed addictive as claimed in claim 3 promote weanling pig in preparation
Application in enteron aisle lactobacter growth.
6. plant extracts described in claim 1 or feed addictive as claimed in claim 3 alleviate weanling pig in preparation
Application in the drug of intestinal villi atrophy.
7. plant extracts described in claim 1 or feed addictive as claimed in claim 3 improve weanling pig in preparation
Application in immunity preparation.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1362259A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2002-08-07 | 海南英得利生物技术开发有限公司 | Application of nim extract in medicine |
| CN104383081A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-04 | 河南科技学院 | Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating pig diarrhea |
| WO2017137431A1 (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2017-08-17 | Nikolaus Ludwig | Animal feed mixture |
| CN108925765A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-04 | 易生水 | A kind of ultramicro grinding Chinese herbal premix for pannage |
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2019
- 2019-04-02 CN CN201910261903.8A patent/CN109874941B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1362259A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2002-08-07 | 海南英得利生物技术开发有限公司 | Application of nim extract in medicine |
| CN104383081A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-04 | 河南科技学院 | Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating pig diarrhea |
| WO2017137431A1 (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2017-08-17 | Nikolaus Ludwig | Animal feed mixture |
| CN108925765A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-04 | 易生水 | A kind of ultramicro grinding Chinese herbal premix for pannage |
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| Title |
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| 冯洪钱: "《民间兽医本草 续编》", 31 January 1989, 科学技术文献出版社 * |
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