CN109874677A - A kind of method of the direct transplantation of Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling - Google Patents
A kind of method of the direct transplantation of Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109874677A CN109874677A CN201910303142.8A CN201910303142A CN109874677A CN 109874677 A CN109874677 A CN 109874677A CN 201910303142 A CN201910303142 A CN 201910303142A CN 109874677 A CN109874677 A CN 109874677A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of direct transplantation of Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling.Described method includes following steps: 1) cutting from the base portion for carrying out the test tube seedling of Plantlet subculture cultivation, obtain the base portion stem section of 0.5~1.0cm as test tube seedling maternal plant；The test tube seedling maternal plant continues to be cultivated on former culture medium, until growing young leaves；2) the test tube seedling maternal plant that young leaves is grown after step 1) of learning from else's experience culture, then directly plants in soil and is grown, and build arched shed, that is, realizes the direct transplantation to Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling；Sunshade net is set outside arched shed.The method of the present invention, test tube seedling maternal plant after shearing remains original root system, conducive to the absorption of moisture and nutrient, young leaves can quickly be grown and leaf color is dark green, blade is plump, the sturdy prosperity of root system, resistance to fluid loss characteristics is strong, can direct transplantation, eliminate in conventional method the step of low temperature practices seedling, nutritive cube domestication, not only simplify operating process；Transplanting seedling time is shortened again, improves transplanting shoot survival percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of direct transplantation of Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling, belong to Plant Tissue Breeding and detoxification
Test tube seedling rooting culture field.
Background technique
Sweet potato is one of big staple food grain in the world four, worldwide plantation extensively.Virosis is to seriously threaten sweet potato production
Important disease, be that yield of sweet potato is caused to reduce and an important factor for kind sexual involution, can cause yield of sweet potato loss up to 20%~
40%, become the important limiting factor of Sweet Potato Industry development.
Cigarette potato 25 be Yantai City Inst. of Agricultural Science, Shandong Prov.'s breeding high-quality fresh type Sweetpotato, 2012
By the identification of the national cultivar identification committee and Shandong Province's authorization, it is excellent to have that potato shape is neat, yield is high, soluble sugar content is high
Point.In recent years, cigarette potato 25 had become a kind of fresh type sweet potato variety that the northern area of China is planted extensively, added up to promote
10000000 mu, mu economic benefit is up to 5000 yuan or more.Harm is infected due to virosis, leads to cigarette potato 25 of some areas
Kind sexual involution, per unit area yield decline, quality deteriorate, the planting benefit of extreme influence cigarette potato 25.
Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato is prevented and treated, kind merit is restored, the most effective approach to improve the yield and quality is to utilize stem apex
Tissue cultures produce detoxification potato seedling growth.The rooting culture of detoxification test tube plantlet is a part particularly important in detoxic seedling production process.
Conventional rooting culture mode is needed to practice links, the test tube seedlings such as seedling, nutritive cube domestication, field-transplanting by low temperature and be needed by two
Secondary transplanting, cumbersome, time-consuming, high production cost, and transplanting seedling time is long, survival rate is lower, is unfavorable for Virus-free Sweetpotato
Industrialization production.Simultaneously detoxification test tube plantlet it is fast numerous during, the plant base portion stem section containing root system is often dropped, and is caused
Greatly waste.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of direct transplantation of Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling, can solve existing skill
Cumbersome existing for art, time-consuming, high production cost, the problem that transplanting seedling time is long, survival rate is lower.
The method of the direct transplantation of Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling provided by the present invention, includes the following steps:
1) it the acquisition and culture of test tube seedling maternal plant: cuts, obtains from the base portion for carrying out the test tube seedling of Plantlet subculture cultivation
To 0.5~1.0cm base portion stem section as test tube seedling maternal plant；The test tube seedling maternal plant continues to be cultivated on former culture medium,
Until growing young leaves；
2) transplantation of test tube seedling: the test tube seedling maternal plant of young leaves is grown after step 1) of learning from else's experience culture, then directly
It plants in soil and is grown, and build arched shed in time, that is, realize the direct transplantation to Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling；
Sunshade net is set outside the arched shed.
In above-mentioned method, in step 1), the Plantlet subculture cultivation is carried out in aseptic superclean bench；
Base portion using dissecting scissors in the test tube seedling is cut, and the base portion stem section contains 1~3 stipes to get to cutting
Test tube seedling maternal plant after cutting；Clip is numerous fastly for conventional vines dissection with upper bit；Clip test tube seedling maternal plant below continues
It is cultivated on former culture medium, the culture medium of this field can be used in the culture medium, such as MS minimal medium；
The test tube seedling maternal plant obtained remains original root system, conducive to the absorption of moisture and nutrient, can quickly grow
Young leaves out；
The condition of the culture are as follows:
Temperature (27 ± 1) DEG C；
Illumination (13 ± 1) hd-1；
Light intensity (55 ± 5) mmolm-2·s-1。
In step 1), the test tube seedling maternal plant of acquisition is continued to cultivate on original culture medium, is not necessarily to supplementary quota
Outer moisture and nutrient solution, until growing the sprouting containing 3~6 blades.The relatively fresh training of former culture medium in culture bottle
Base is supported, outstanding feature is that former moisture content in medium is small, and the plant leaf color newly formed is dark green, and blade is plump, and well developed root system, resistance to
Fluid loss characteristics is strong, is readily adapted to accommodate extraneous environment.
In above-mentioned method, in step 2), with tweezers after the test tube seedling maternal plant for taking out regeneration sprouting in culture bottle,
Need to wash away the culture medium of root remnants；
The spacing in the rows of the test tube seedling maternal plant is 10~30cm, and line-spacing is 20~40cm；It sprays in time after transplanting；
The arched shed is made of the plastic iron wire of gardening and white mulch, using "" type design；
The parameter of the arched shed is as follows:
The plastic iron wire diameter of gardening is 4mm, and white mulch is with a thickness of 0.01mm；
Distance of the vault apart from ground is 15~20cm, not only can guarantee in the living space of transplanted seedling, but also easily controllable canopy
Humidity, arch span are advisable with covering two row plant.
In above-mentioned method, in step 2), the shading rate of the sunshade net is 30~40%；The sunshade net can both expire
The normal growth of sufficient transplanted seedling, and can injury to avoid sunlight to transplanted seedling.
In above-mentioned method, in step 2), transplants and carry out closed moisturizing within 3~5 days after burying, make the arch temperature of shed
Between 25~30 DEG C, humidity is maintained between 70~80% for control；Under the growth conditions, transplanted seedling both will not be because of humidity
Too low and dehydration is wilted, will not because humidity is excessively high and stalk is rotted, and be easy to the formation of young leaves new root；
Punching is aerated face that is ventilative, and expanding air hole day by day on the film of the arched shed after transplanting 3~5 days
Product completely removes the modeling of the arched shed so that the temperature and humidity in the arched shed decreases up to consistent with external environment day by day later
Expect film；
The sunshade net is removed after transplanting 2 weeks.
The above process is conducive to gradually adaptation of the transplanted seedling to external environment, improves the survival rate of transplanted seedling.
The present invention uses No. 25 progress transplantations of sweet potato variety cigarette potato, has preferable effect.
The method of the present invention has the following technical effect that
1, fast to Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling numerous the base portion stem section containing root system and culture medium in the process are utilized again, can
The breeding coefficient of detoxic seedling is improved, waste is reduced；
2, the test tube seedling maternal plant after shearing remains original root system, conducive to the absorption of moisture and nutrient, can quickly grow
Young leaves and leaf color is dark green out, blade is plump, and the sturdy prosperity of root system, resistance to fluid loss characteristics is strong, can direct transplantation, eliminate conventional side
Low temperature practices the step of seedling, nutritive cube domestication in method, not only simplifies operating process；Transplanting seedling time is shortened again, improves transplanted seedling
Survival rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the test tube seedling maternal plant (Figure 1A) and the conventional fast numerous stem section (Figure 1B) of vines dissection after cigarette potato 25 shearings exist
State in basic MS culture medium.
Fig. 2 is the cauline leaf and root system situation after the test tube seedling maternal plant after cigarette potato 25 shearings is cultivated 3 weeks on former culture medium.
Fig. 3 is the cauline leaf and root after the cigarette potato 25 conventional fast numerous stem sections of vines dissection are cultivated 4 weeks on fresh culture
It is situation.
Specific embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Sweet potato variety in following embodiments is fresh type sweet potato variety cigarette potato 25: be recorded in " Xin Guosheng, Lin Zujun,
No. 25 breedings of the good quality and high output such as Han person of outstanding talent Sweetpotato var. Yanshu and high yield physiological Study Shanghai Agricultural journal .2015 the 31st
Rolled up for the 4th phase " text, the public can obtain from applicant, can only be used to repeat present invention experiment to use.
The direct transplantation of embodiment 1, Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling
(1) acquisition and culture of test tube seedling maternal plant: in aseptic superclean bench carry out No. 25 detoxification test tube plantlets of cigarette potato after
When being commissioned to train feeding, is cut with dissecting scissors in them, leave the base portion stem section of 0.5~1.0cm, i.e., there are 1~3 stipes,
Test tube seedling maternal plant after being sheared, as shown in Figure 1A.The maternal plant of acquisition is continued to carry out culture 3 weeks on original culture medium,
Until growing 3~6 young leaves, as shown in Figure 2.Condition of culture: (27 ± 1) DEG C, illumination 13hd-1, light intensity 54mmol
m-2·s-1。
(2) transplantation of test tube seedling: the test tube seedling maternal plant of regeneration sprouting is taken out from culture bottle with tweezers, washes away root
Remaining culture medium, is directly planted in the sterilized soil of heliogreenhouse, spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 40cm.After transplanting in time
It sprays, and builds plastic film arched shed, cover sunshade net.Arched shed use "" type, vault is liftoff 16cm, arch span 80cm；
The shading rate of sunshade net is 30%.The closed moisturizing that carries out for first 3 days after burying is transplanted, arch temperature of shed is controlled at 28 DEG C or so,
Humidity is maintained at 75% or so；Punching is aerated area that is ventilative, and expanding air hole day by day on a plastic film after 3 days,
Temperature and humidity in arched shed decreases up to consistent with heliogreenhouse day by day；Plastic film is completely removed after 1 week, removes sunshade after 2 weeks
Net.
In above-described embodiment, 1200 plants of the test tube seedling of transplantation cigarette potato 25 survives 1181 plants, survival rate 98.42%.
The direct transplantation of detoxic seedling in the method for the present invention, root system development space is sufficient, and root system is pricked deeply, robust plant.It is observed that moving
Main stem has started to extend after planting 3 weeks, and with the appearance of lateral bine；Transplanting 6 weeks or so, main stem is 60cm, at this time can
Miao Fan seedling.
Comparative example 1, conventional test tube seedling combine the transplanting (area with the method for the present invention of method for transplanting of the present invention progress test tube seedling
It is not that for stem section taking-up to be placed in fresh culture medium and cultivate)
(1) acquisition and culture of detoxification test tube plantlet: in aseptic superclean bench carry out No. 25 detoxification test tube plantlets of cigarette potato after
When being commissioned to train feeding, the stem section of 1.0~2.0cm is sheared, i.e., there are 1~3 stipes, as shown in Figure 1B, are inoculated in basic MS culture
Culture 4 weeks is carried out on base, as shown in Figure 3.Condition of culture: (27 ± 1) DEG C, illumination 13hd-1, light intensity 54mmolm-2·s-1。
(2) transplantation of test tube seedling: the test tube seedling maternal plant of regeneration sprouting is taken out from culture bottle with tweezers, washes away root
Remaining culture medium, is directly planted in the sterilized soil of heliogreenhouse, spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 40cm.After transplanting in time
It sprays, and builds plastic film arched shed, cover sunshade net.Arched shed use "" type, vault is liftoff 16cm, arch span 80cm；
The shading rate of sunshade net is 30%.The closed moisturizing that carries out for first 3 days after burying is transplanted, arch temperature of shed is controlled at 28 DEG C or so,
Humidity is maintained at 75% or so；Punching is aerated area that is ventilative, and expanding air hole day by day on a plastic film after 3 days,
Temperature and humidity in arched shed decreases up to consistent with heliogreenhouse day by day；Plastic film is completely removed after 1 week, removes sunshade after 2 weeks
Net.
In above-described embodiment, 320 plants of the test tube seedling of transplantation cigarette potato 25 survives 171 plants, survival rate 53.44%.It should
The test tube seedling of mode practices seedling and nutritive cube transplanting domestication without low temperature and directly transplants and bury, and causes outside the more difficult adaptation of test tube seedling
Boundary's environment and mortality.It is observed that main stem has started to extend, and with the appearance of lateral bine after plantlet of transplant 4 weeks of survival；
Transplanting 8 weeks or so, main stem is 60cm, at this time can Miao Fan seedling.
Comparative example 2, conventional test tube seedling rooting culture method
(1) acquisition and culture of detoxification test tube plantlet: in aseptic superclean bench carry out No. 25 detoxification test tube plantlets of cigarette potato after
When being commissioned to train feeding, the stem section of 1.0~2.0cm is sheared, i.e., there are 1~3 stipes, as shown in Figure 1B, are inoculated in basic MS culture
Culture 4 weeks is carried out on base, as shown in Figure 3.Condition of culture: (27 ± 1) DEG C, illumination 13hd-1, light intensity 54mmolm-2·s-1。
(2) low temperature practices seedling: culture bottle being moved on in 15 DEG C of culturing room and is placed 1 week, carries out cold acclimation.
(3) plug transplantation is tamed: culture bottle is opened with tweezers and takes out detoxic seedling plant, washes away the culture medium of root remnants,
It plants and fills up in 32 hole hole trays of matrix (vermiculite and Nutrition Soil are mixed according to 1:1 (v/v)), sprinkle profoundly water, and build plastic film
Arched shed covers sunshade net, is tamed in heliogreenhouse.Arched shed use "" type, vault is from hole tray upper end 16cm, arch span
80cm；The shading rate of sunshade net is 30%.Closed moisturizing is carried out within first 1 week after being transplanted into hole tray, arch temperature of shed control is 28
DEG C or so, humidity is maintained at 90% or so.Punching is aerated ventilative on a plastic film after 1 week, and expands air hole day by day
Area, the temperature and humidity in arched shed decreases up to consistent with heliogreenhouse day by day；Plastic film and sunshade net are removed after 2 weeks；3 weeks
It can transplant into the clean soil ploughed deeply afterwards.
(4) transplantation: after domestication 3 weeks, the plant tamed in hole tray is taken out, the soil sterilized into heliogreenhouse is planted
In, spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 40cm.It sprays in time after transplanting.
In above-described embodiment, domestication culture 608 plants of the test tube seedling of cigarette potato 25 through cold acclimation, plug transplantation and enters soil mud
423 plants are survived after cultivation, survival rate 69.57%.It is observed that test tube seedling transplanting is buried 2 weeks, main stem starts to extend, and with side
Climing appearance；Transplanting 5 weeks or so, main stem is 60cm, at this time can Miao Fan seedling.
Table 1 cultivates latter two test tube seedling growing state comparison in 3 weeks
The test tube seedling plant cauline leaf and root system that the present invention obtains it can be seen from the data in table 1 obtain fresh weight and dry weight weight
Amount will be higher than conventional test tube seedling.
2 present invention of table and other methods are with the comparison on numerous seedling period
Test tube seedling culture of the present invention and rooting culture period are short it can be seen from the data in table 2, high survival rate.
Direct transplantation is carried out to other sweet potato varieties using method of the invention, it is as a result basic with above-described embodiment 1
Unanimously, without substantial differences.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of the direct transplantation of Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling, includes the following steps:
1) it is cut from the base portion for carrying out the test tube seedling of Plantlet subculture cultivation, obtains the base portion stem section of 0.5~1.0cm as examination
Pipe seedling maternal plant；The test tube seedling maternal plant continues to be cultivated on former culture medium, until growing young leaves；
2) the test tube seedling maternal plant that young leaves is grown after step 1) of learning from else's experience culture, then directly plants in soil and is grown, and
Arched shed is built, that is, realizes the direct transplantation to Sweetpotato Viruses Elimination test tube seedling；
Sunshade net is set outside the arched shed.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the base portion stem section contains 1~3 stipes in step 1).
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: in step 1), the condition of the culture are as follows:
Temperature is (27 ± 1) DEG C；
Illumination is (13 ± 1) hd-1；
Light intensity is (55 ± 5) mmolm-2·s-1。
4. method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: in step 1), until the test tube seedling is female
Strain grows 3~6 young leaves.
5. method according to any of claims 1-4, it is characterised in that: in step 2), the test tube seedling maternal plant
Spacing in the rows is 10~30cm, and line-spacing is 20~40cm；
The arched shed usesType design；
The parameter of the arched shed is as follows:
Distance of the vault apart from ground is 15~20cm, and arch span is advisable with covering two row plant.
6. method according to any one of claims 1-5, it is characterised in that: in step 2), the shading of the sunshade net
Rate is 30~40%.
7. method according to claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that: in step 2), transplanting bury after preceding 3~
It carries out closed moisturizing within 5 days, makes the arch temperature of shed control between 25~30 DEG C, humidity is maintained between 70~80%；
Punching is aerated area that is ventilative, and expanding air hole day by day on the film of the arched shed after 3~5 days, thus institute
State the temperature and humidity in arched shed decrease up to day by day it is consistent with external environment；The plastic film of the arched shed is completely removed later；
The sunshade net is removed after transplanting 2 weeks.
8. method according to any one of claims 1-7, it is characterised in that: the test tube seedling is No. 25 test tubes of cigarette potato
Seedling.
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20190614 |