CN109874636A - A kind of additive and preparation method thereof improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of additive and preparation method thereof improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of additives and preparation method thereof for improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency, belong to seedling medium character improvement technical field.The additive includes absorption perlite and infiltrates active carbon；The absorption perlite and the volume ratio for infiltrating active charcoal are (6~10): (1~3)；The absorption perlite is adsorbed with paclobutrazol and agricultural organosilicon；It is described to infiltrate activated carbon adsorption and have ferrous sulfate.Manufactured seedling medium after the additive provided by the invention for improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency is mixed with turf, in the case where existing production technology, fertilizer additive amount are basically unchanged, improve seedling medium water conservation and rewettability, fertility does not subtract, and does not occur the phenomenon of nursery later period de- fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seedling medium character improvement technical field more particularly to a kind of improvement turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency
Additive and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Developing direction in the ascendant, is that scale of agricultural productionization is special during matrixing nursery has become rice, vegetables produce
Essential link in industry process.The good matrix of character has bulk density small, and retention ability is strong, and base exchange capacity is big, water suction
The good feature of property, aeration.Substrate seedling has usage simple compared with conventional soil nursery, saves kind, and saving of labor is time saving, saves ground,
Manageable advantage, the seedling (seedling) grown on the excellent substrate products of character generally have full stand, well developed root system, growing way
Well, the characteristics of field planting seedling-slowing stage is short or is not required to slow seedling.
Turf is one of current most widely used host material, the average materials proportion of turf in such substrate products
Be 50~70% or more, turf is controlled the simple process such as wet, screening and can be mixed with other materials arbitrary proportion, and according to fertilizer and
The nursery such as rice, vegetables and growth substrate product are made in additive formulations.Turf is plant fibrous material, by based on turf
It is influenced in substrate products made of material by plant fiber characteristic, the bulk density and gas permeability of such substrate products are preferable, are conducive to plant
Growth.But compared with conventional soil nursery, using turf as the organic substrate products of main material, in water tariff collection and material transmissibility
Upper to have larger difference, be mainly shown as: when evaporating larger, soil, which will form, forms dry ground layer on surface layer, still has inside soil
Wet place, soil can maintain the supply to the effective water of root system；Turf class matrix, by the shadow of turf plant fiber water guide characteristic
The case where ringing, often will appear matrix surface layer and content while desiccation, matrix integrally lacks effective to root system of plant
The buffering of water.At this point, seedling (seedling) can all dry up within short several hours if water management is not in place, it is affected by this, uses
When turf class matrix carries out seedling cultivation of rice, such as water management easy generations blueness not in place it is withered, found withered disease.
In practical nursery production, to make up turf class matrix poor water retention property, the bad problem of moisture resiliency is supplied, often
It is solved by the way of increasing duty and the irrigation frequency, but the increase of duty also implies that water supply in media leaching loss
The increase of amount, the nutrient added in matrix are also easier to lose with a large amount of leachings of moisture.In this case, the substrate seedling later period
The de- fertile phenomenon frequency of seedling (seedling) is existing.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of additives and its system for improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency
Preparation Method is not in de- fertile phenomenon in the turf substrate seedling later period using additive provided by the invention.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
The present invention provides a kind of additive for improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency, the additive includes absorption pearl
Rock and infiltrate active carbon；
The absorption perlite and the volume ratio for infiltrating active charcoal are (6~10): (1~3)；
The absorption perlite is adsorbed with paclobutrazol and agricultural organosilicon；
It is described to infiltrate activated carbon adsorption and have ferrous sulfate.
Preferably, the absorption perlite and the volume ratio for infiltrating active charcoal are 8:2.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the additive described in above-mentioned technical proposal, comprising the following steps:
1) after mixing the paclobutrazol wettable powder that effective content is 14~16% with water, suspension is obtained；
2) suspension that the step 1) obtains is mixed with agricultural organosilicon, obtains mixture；
3) mixture that the step 2) obtains is mixed with perlite, perlite is done after adsorbing mixture completely
It is dry, obtain absorption perlite；
4) active carbon is soaked in 20~28h in ferrous sulfate solution, the active carbon after obtained immersion is dry, it obtains
Infiltrate active carbon；
5) the absorption perlite that the step 3) obtains is mixed with the active carbon that infiltrates that step 4) obtains, is added
Agent；
Step 1)~3) it is limited with step 4) without time sequencing.
Preferably, the mass concentration of paclobutrazol is 180~220ppm in the step 1) suspension.
Preferably, the mass concentration of agricultural organosilicon is 0.4~0.6% in the step 2) mixture.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the step 3) mixture and perlite is 1:4.5~6.
Preferably, the step 3) and 4) dry mode are independent including natural air drying.
Preferably, the content of paclobutrazol is 15% in step 1) the paclobutrazol wettable powder.
Preferably, the partial size of the step 1) perlite is 3~6mm.
Preferably, the partial size of the active carbon is 1~2mm.
The present invention provides a kind of additive for improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency, the additive includes absorption pearl
Rock and infiltrate active carbon；The absorption perlite and the volume ratio for infiltrating active charcoal are (6~10): (1~3)；The suction
Attached perlite is adsorbed with paclobutrazol and agricultural organosilicon；It is described to infiltrate activated carbon adsorption and have ferrous sulfate.In the present invention, described
The paclobutrazol of absorption perlite absorption can adjust the growth of plant, avoid plant excessive growth, reduce the moisture absorption of plant seedling stage
And nutrient consumption；Agricultural organosilicon is wetting agent, improves the wetability of turf matrix, turf matrix is made to be easier adsorption moisture simultaneously
Evaporation loss is reduced, and then is reduced and is poured water and pour number, fertilizer leaching loss is reduced；Active carbon is played a supporting role,
The gas permeability of turf matrix is improved, ferrous sulfate maintains the pH value of turf matrix, conducive to the growing environment for maintaining plant.Above-mentioned
Under the collective effect of component, improve the water conservation of turf seedling medium and rewettability, fertility does not subtract, so that turf matrix exists
The nursery later period is not in de- fertile phenomenon.
The invention has the benefit that additive provided by the invention can be basic in existing production technology, fertilizer additive amount
In the case where constant, improve seedling medium water conservation and rewettability, fertility does not subtract, and does not occur the phenomenon of nursery later period de- fertilizer.
Meanwhile the advantages of turf substrate seedling and conventional soil nursery can be integrated by using the additive, be conducive to scale base
Matter nursery especially rice substrate seedling；The Additive Production process is simple, and ingredient easily obtains, at low cost, is suitble to seedling medium
Enterprise's batch production；It by the use of the additive, can suitably relax the humid control of substrate products, reduce end product weight
Amount, convenient transportation；After adding the additive, the field application method of produced substrate products is constant, and reduces duty
With irrigate the frequency, reduce by excess water leaching bring nutrient loss, be convenient for field management, reduce comprehensive use at
This.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of additive for improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency, the additive includes absorption pearl
Rock and infiltrate active carbon；The absorption perlite and the volume ratio for infiltrating active charcoal are (6~10): (1~3)；The suction
Attached perlite is adsorbed with paclobutrazol and agricultural organosilicon；It is described to infiltrate activated carbon adsorption and have ferrous sulfate.
In the present invention, the absorption perlite and the volume ratio for infiltrating active charcoal are 8:2.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the additive, comprising the following steps:
1) after mixing the paclobutrazol wettable powder that effective content is 14~16% with water, suspension is obtained；
2) suspension that the step 1) obtains is mixed with agricultural organosilicon, obtains mixture；
3) mixture that the step 2) obtains is mixed with perlite, perlite is done after adsorbing mixture completely
It is dry, obtain absorption perlite；
4) active carbon is soaked in 20~28h in ferrous sulfate solution, the active carbon after obtained immersion is dry, it obtains
Infiltrate active carbon；
5) the absorption perlite that the step 3) obtains is mixed with the active carbon that infiltrates that step 4) obtains, is added
Agent；
Step 1)~3) it is limited with step 4) without time sequencing.
After the present invention mixes the paclobutrazol wettable powder that effective content is 14~16% with water, suspension is obtained.
In the present invention, the content of paclobutrazol is preferably 15% in the paclobutrazol wettable powder.The present invention is to described
The source of wettable powder is not particularly limited, using conventional commercial product.In the present invention, the paclobutrazol is wettable
Property pulvis is mixed with water, and the suspension of formation can be adsorbed in the form of suspension by perlite, slowly release again after use
It puts.
In the present invention, the mass concentration of paclobutrazol is preferably 180~220ppm in the suspension, more preferably
200ppm.In the present invention, the paclobutrazol is plant growth inhibitor, adjusts the growth of plant, forms short shape seedling, and increase
Chlorophyll content of plant avoids excessive growth phenomenon from occurring.
The present invention mixes obtained suspension with agricultural organosilicon, obtains mixture.
The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the agricultural organosilicon (also known as the modified trisiloxanes of ethyoxyl), uses
Conventional commercial product.In the present invention, the mass concentration of agricultural organosilicon is preferably 0.4~0.6% in the mixture.
In the present invention, the agricultural organosilicon is wetting agent, improves the wetability of turf matrix, and turf matrix is made to be easier to adsorb water
Divide and improve turf to the adhesive force of moisture, increases water-holding capacity；And promote to form more capillarys between turf matrix and root system of plant
Pipe structure, more conducively root system of plant reduce using moisture in matrix and pour water and pour number, reduce fertilizer leaching damage
It loses.
The present invention mixes obtained mixture with perlite, and perlite is dried after adsorbing mixture completely, obtains
Adsorb perlite.
In the present invention, the volume ratio of the mixture and perlite is preferably 1:4.5~6.The present invention is to the pearl
The source of rock is not particularly limited, using conventional commercial product.In the present invention, the partial size of the perlite is preferably 3
~6mm.In the present invention, the perlite can adsorb agricultural organosilicon and paclobutrazol, and slow release is agricultural again when in use
Organosilicon and paclobutrazol.
In the present invention, the mode of the drying preferably includes natural air drying.In the present invention, the absorption perlite
Water content is below 40%.
Active carbon is soaked in 20~28h in ferrous sulfate solution by the present invention, and the active carbon after obtained immersion is dry,
It obtains infiltrating active carbon.
In the present invention, the concentration of the ferrous sulfate is preferably 5%.In the present invention, the active carbon and sulfuric acid are sub-
The volume ratio of ferrous solution is preferably 1:(8~12), more preferably 1:10.In the present invention, the partial size of the active carbon is preferably 1
~2mm.In the present invention, the active carbon is played a supporting role, and improves the gas permeability of turf matrix.In the present invention, described
Ferrous sulfate maintains the pH value of turf matrix, conducive to the growing environment for maintaining plant.
In the present invention, the plant includes rice, tomato, cucumber, muskmelon and watermelon etc..
In the present invention, the time of the immersion be 20~28h, preferably 22~26h, more preferably for 24 hours.
In the present invention, the mode of the drying preferably includes natural air drying.In the present invention, the active carbon of infiltrating
Water content is preferably below 40%.
The present invention mixes obtained absorption perlite with active carbon is infiltrated, and obtains additive.
In the present invention, the absorption perlite and the volume ratio for infiltrating active carbon are (6~10): (1~3), preferably
8:2。
In the present invention, the application method of the additive preferably includes: after the additive is mixed with turf, obtaining
Culture medium after mixing the culture medium with ternary compound fertilizer, carries out nursery.
In the present invention, the volume ratio of the additive and turf is preferably 1:(8~12), more preferably 1:10.
In the present invention, the culture medium and the mass ratio of ternary compound fertilizer are not particularly limited, using conventional cultivation
The quantity relative ratio relationship of the compound fertilizer of matrix addition.
Technical solution provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment, but they cannot be understood
For limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It takes the paclobutrazol wettable powder 0.14g that effective content is 15% to be added in 100ml water, is mixed into uniformly suspended
Liquid is added liquid agricultural organosilicon 0.5ml, stirs evenly；The perlite 500ml that addition average grain diameter is 5mm, mixing and absorption,
Dry it is spare, obtain absorption perlite, water content is below 40%；Configuration takes 50g ferrous sulfate to be added in 1000ml water and is formed
5% ferrous sulfate solution, weighing average grain diameter is 1.5mm shell activated carbon 30g, is put into ferrous sulfate solution, and it is small to impregnate 24
Shi Hou is pulled out, after natural air drying, obtains infiltrating active carbon, water content is below 40%.20g is taken to infiltrate activated carbon (about 100ml)
It is uniformly mixed with 400ml absorption perlite, obtains additive.Additive is mixed with the turf for crossing 2mm sieve by 1:10 volume ratio
After uniformly, it is configured to culture medium, measures culture medium 3L, weighing weight is 1862g, adds smashed ternary compound fertilizer
(15-15-15) powder 3.5g is uniformly mixed, and obtains seedling medium.Referring to " pesticide wettable wettability determination method "
(GB5451-2001) 10g seedling medium is taken, after drying, measures wetting time；Meanwhile seedling medium 50g is taken, it is placed in 30 DEG C
In constant temperature oven, it is periodically weighed into constant weight, to obtain the water loss time of seedling medium, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 seedling medium wetability of table and water tariff collection parameter
| Processing | The complete wetting time | 30 DEG C of dryings are to the constant weight time |
| Seedling medium | 15s | 27min |
Comparative example 1
The commercially available matrix of 10g and soil are taken respectively referring to " pesticide wettable wettability determination method " (GB5451-2001)
Earth after drying, measures wetting time；Meanwhile commercially available matrix and soil 50g are taken respectively, and it is placed in 30 DEG C of constant temperature oven, it is fixed
When be weighed into constant weight, to obtain the water loss time of commercially available matrix and soil, the results are shown in Table 2.Wherein the purchase of commercially available matrix in
Shenyang Fan Yu gardening Science and Technology Ltd., the place of production are Shenyang, and name of product is 1,000 standing grain board non-soil culture nutrient matrix matrix；Mark
Claim: pH:6.5~6.58, the content of organic matter >=40%.
2 various kinds of substrates wetability of table and water tariff collection parameter
| Processing | The complete wetting time | 30 DEG C of dryings are to the constant weight time |
| Commercially available matrix | The non-complete wetting of > 40min | 12min |
| Soil | 6s | 38min |
According to embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, it can be concluded that, no matter seedling medium is from wetting time or on the dry constant weight time
It is superior to commercially available matrix；Though the relevant wetting of soil and drying time index are more excellent, substitute of the matrix as soil, at it
It is better than soil in his index.
Embodiment 2
To the seedling medium that embodiment 1 obtains, routinely 120g rice bud paddy is used seedling medium by raising rice seedlings process
Nursery is carried out, is put into 1 seedling-cultivation plate and smoothes out, seedling according to a conventional method, rice varieties are distant round-grained rice 399.It the results are shown in Table 3.
3 paddy growth parameter of table
Comparative example 2
120g rice bud paddy is carried out nursery with commercially available matrix and soil respectively, is put into 1 by routinely raising rice seedlings process
It is smoothed out in a seedling-cultivation plate, according to a conventional method seedling, rice varieties are distant round-grained rice 399.It the results are shown in Table 4.Commercially available matrix and 1 phase of comparative example
Together.
4 paddy growth parameter of table
Embodiment 3
To the seedling medium that embodiment 1 obtains, routinely 120g rice bud paddy is used seedling medium by raising rice seedlings process
Nursery is carried out, is put into 1 seedling-cultivation plate and smoothes out, seedling according to a conventional method, rice varieties are Shen rice 6.It the results are shown in Table 5.
5 paddy growth parameter of table
Comparative example 3
120g rice bud paddy is carried out nursery with commercially available matrix and soil respectively, is put into 1 by routinely raising rice seedlings process
It is smoothed out in a seedling-cultivation plate, according to a conventional method seedling, rice varieties are Shen rice 6.It the results are shown in Table 6.Commercially available matrix and 1 phase of comparative example
Together.
6 paddy growth parameter of table
It can be concluded that, seedling medium is formed by from paddy growth index from embodiment 2~3 and comparative example 2~3
Characteristic index is more closely similar to soil, and there is no the excessive growth phenomenons of commercially available matrix from plant height, while in same Fertilizer application feelings
There is no de- fertile phenomenon under condition, it is superior to the upgrowth situation of soil and commercially available matrix.When being used as rice nursery substrate as a result,
The growth result of seedling medium prepared by embodiment 1 is better than soil and commercially available substrate products.
Embodiment 4
It takes the paclobutrazol wettable powder 0.3g that effective content is 15% to be added in 220ml water, is mixed into uniform suspension,
Liquid agricultural organosilicon 1.2ml is added, stirs evenly；The perlite 1300ml that addition average grain diameter is 4mm, mixing and absorption, from
It so dries, obtains absorption perlite, water content is below 40%；It takes 100g ferrous sulfate to be added in 2000ml water and forms 5% sulphur
Sour ferrous iron solution, weighing average grain diameter is 3mm rice husk activated carbon 50g, is put into ferrous sulfate solution, is impregnated 24 hours, natural
After air-drying, obtain infiltrating active carbon, water content is below 40%.40g is taken to infiltrate activated carbon (about 230ml) and 1200ml absorption treasure
Zhu Yan is uniformly mixed, and obtains additive.Additive is pressed into 1:10 volume ratio after mixing with 5mm sieve turf is crossed, is configured to train
Matrix is educated, culture medium 6.5L is measured, weighing weight is 3780g, adds smashed ternary compound fertilizer (17-17-17) powder
6.9g is uniformly mixed, and obtains seedling medium.Routinely tomato nursery process carries out west with seedling medium after seed soaking 24 hours
Red persimmon nursery, field management routinely carry out, and emergence growth measured related data after 15 days, the results are shown in Table 7.Wherein tomato
Kind is gardening L-404, and data are the average value of 10 tomato rice shoots.
7 tomato seedling growth parameter(s) of table
| Kind | Processing | Plant height cm | Plant greenery number | The long cm of plumular axis | Root long cm | Radical | De- fertilizer phenomenon |
| Gardening L-404 | 4 seedling medium of embodiment | 10.5 | 5.4 | 2.6cm | 7.8 | 8.6 | Nothing |
Comparative example 4
Routinely tomato nursery process carries out tomato nursery with commercially available matrix and soil after seed soaking 24 hours respectively,
Field management routinely carries out, and emergence growth measured related data after 15 days.It the results are shown in Table 8.Wherein the kind of tomato is garden
Skill L-404, data are the average value of 10 tomato rice shoots.Commercially available matrix is identical as comparative example 1.
8 tomato seedling growth parameter(s) of table
It can be concluded that, plant greenery number, radical, the root long data of seedling medium are better than soil from embodiment 4 and comparative example 4
With commercially available matrix, and the phenomenon that there is no excessive growth under same growth conditions, it is believed that the tomato seedling stage of seedling medium
Growth traits is more excellent.
Adding for turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency it can be concluded that, is improved for provided by the invention by above embodiments and comparative example
Manufactured seedling medium after adding agent to mix with turf makes to educate in the case where existing production technology, fertilizer additive amount are basically unchanged
The water conservation of seedling matrix and rewettability improve, and fertility does not subtract, and do not occur the phenomenon of nursery later period de- fertilizer.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of additive for improving turf class seedling medium fertilizer efficiency, which is characterized in that the additive includes absorption perlite
With infiltrate active carbon；
The absorption perlite and the volume ratio for infiltrating active charcoal are (6~10): (1~3)；
The absorption perlite is adsorbed with paclobutrazol and agricultural organosilicon；
It is described to infiltrate activated carbon adsorption and have ferrous sulfate.
2. additive according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the absorption perlite and the body for infiltrating active charcoal
Product is than being 8:2.
3. the preparation method of additive of any of claims 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps:
1) after mixing the paclobutrazol wettable powder that effective content is 14~16% with water, suspension is obtained；
2) suspension that the step 1) obtains is mixed with agricultural organosilicon, obtains mixture；
3) mixture that the step 2) obtains is mixed with perlite, perlite is dried after adsorbing mixture completely, obtains
To absorption perlite；
4) active carbon is soaked in 20~28h in ferrous sulfate solution, the active carbon after obtained immersion is dry, it is infiltrated
Active carbon；
5) the absorption perlite that the step 3) obtains is mixed with the active carbon that infiltrates that step 4) obtains, obtains additive；
Step 1)~3) it is limited with step 4) without time sequencing.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the quality of paclobutrazol is dense in the step 1) suspension
Degree is 180~220ppm.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the matter of agricultural organosilicon in the step 2) mixture
Measuring concentration is 0.4~0.6%.
6. the preparation method according to claim 3 or 5, which is characterized in that the body of the step 3) mixture and perlite
Product is than being 1:4.5~6.
7. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step 3) and 4) the dry independent packet of mode
Include natural air drying.
8. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that multiple-effect in step 1) the paclobutrazol wettable powder
The content of azoles is 15%.
9. the preparation method according to claim 3 or 6, which is characterized in that the partial size of the step 1) perlite be 3~
6mm。
10. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the partial size of the active carbon is 1~2mm.
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