CN109874522B

CN109874522B - Straw chopping device

Info

Publication number: CN109874522B
Application number: CN201910339612.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祝志芳; 叶秉良; 张志杰; 卢全国; 王欢; 庄田; 邹泽平; 王杰; 杨武
Original assignee: Nanchang Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Nanchang Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-04-25
Filing date: 2019-04-25
Publication date: 2023-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-25
Also published as: CN109874522A

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw chopping device, which comprises a frame, wherein the upper end of the frame is movably connected with a conveying base, a fixed chopping table is arranged on the frame, a crankshaft is movably connected below the fixed chopping table, and the crankshaft is connected with the conveying base through a base connecting rod; a guide rod is fixed on the upper top surface of the fixed chopping table near the end parts of the two ends of the fixed chopping table along the vertical direction respectively, a guide block is movably sleeved on the guide rod, a chopping knife is fixedly connected between the two guide blocks, a pressing head is connected below the chopping knife through a spring, a pressing port is formed between the pressing head and the fixed chopping table, a lower chopping knife is connected on the upper top surface of the fixed chopping table, and the lower chopping knife is matched with the chopping knife to chop rice straws; the two ends of the crankshaft are respectively connected with the guide blocks at the corresponding sides through the chopping connecting rods. The invention can thoroughly chop the straws, and thoroughly avoids the problems that the existing chopping device or crushing device cannot chop or even generate winding shafts or cutter because of the softness of the straws.

Description

Straw chopping device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of straw crushing equipment, in particular to a straw chopping device.

Background

The method is a large agricultural country, about 6 hundred million tons of crop straws are produced each year, and the traditional straw treatment mode is to burn the straws on site, so that serious pollution is caused to the environment.

The reprocessing of crops is an important method for realizing the reutilization of resources and changing waste into valuables. The pulverizer can cut and pulverize whole straw crops into certain specifications and shapes, so that the whole straw crops can be used as forage grass and fuel for combustion power generation. Crop straws are crushed by a crusher and fully recycled, so that the waste and combustion of the straws are greatly reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the quality of air is improved; the crushed straw has higher utilization value, for example, crushed straw can retain more contents of various elements beneficial to livestock, and the combustion rate of the crushed straw is higher due to the combustion and power generation of the crushed straw. Therefore, from the aspect of environmental protection or from the aspect of energy reuse, the straw changes waste into valuable, and the development of green energy is imperative.

At present, the existing straw pulverizer in the market has the problem that the existing straw pulverizer can only pulverize certain brittle materials, and the expected pulverizing effect is difficult to achieve when the materials with high toughness properties, such as straw, are too soft, but the pulverizer can generate a winding phenomenon due to the soft property of the straw, so that the operation of the pulverizer is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems existing at present, the invention provides a straw chopping device, which aims to solve the problem that the straws cannot be thoroughly chopped because of being long and soft in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides a straw cutting device, includes the frame, and the upper end swing joint of this frame has the transportation base, its characterized in that: a fixed chopping table is arranged at a position, close to one end of the frame, a crankshaft is movably connected below the fixed chopping table, and the crankshaft is connected with the conveying base through a base connecting rod;

the upper top surface of the fixed chopping table is connected with a lower chopper which is matched with the chopper to chop straws; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the

The two ends of the crankshaft are respectively connected with the guide blocks on the corresponding sides through chopping connecting rods.

By adopting the technical scheme, the straw conveying device is fixed on the conveying base during use, the crankshaft rotates to drive the conveying base to move forwards on one hand, the chopping knife and the pressure head are driven to move downwards on the other hand, the conveying base drives the straw to a proper position, the pressure head is contacted with the straw to press the straw, then the chopping knife continuously moves down the compression spring to chop the straw, after the chopping is finished, the conveying base and the chopping knife move in the opposite directions, and the action process just before is repeated after the conveying base and the chopping knife move to the limit position.

Preferably, the crankshaft is driven by a motor, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with the crankshaft through a transmission mechanism.

Preferably, the fixed chopping table comprises two supporting legs fixed on the frame, the two supporting legs are arranged along the width direction of the frame, the upper ends of the two supporting legs are connected with a chopping table top, the lower ends of the guide rods are fixed on the chopping table top, and the two ends of the crankshaft respectively penetrate through the supporting legs at the corresponding ends and extend out of the supporting legs at the corresponding ends.

Preferably, the guide block is provided with a rotating shaft, one end of the chopping connecting rod is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected with a part of the supporting leg, which extends out of the corresponding side of the crankshaft.

Preferably, the chopping knife comprises a knife rest with an inverted L-shaped structure, and the lower end of the knife rest is connected with an upper cutting edge;

the pressing head comprises a pressing plate parallel to the chopping table top, the pressing plate is located under the tool rest, the lower end of the spring is propped against the pressing plate, the upper end of the spring is propped against the upper top of the tool rest, a bending plate which is bent upwards is arranged on the front side of the pressing plate, and a pressing opening is formed between the bending plate and the chopping table top.

When the crankshaft rotates, the chopping connecting rod drives the chopping knife and the pressing head to move downwards, when the conveying base moves forwards to a proper position, the rice straw enters from the pressing opening, the pressing plate of the pressing head presses the rice straw, then the knife rest continues to move downwards to compress the spring and then chop the rice straw, and after the chopping is completed, the chopping knife and the conveying base move backwards and then repeat the next chopping process.

Preferably, two guide posts are fixed on the pressing plate along the vertical direction, the upper ends of the guide posts extend out of the tool rest, and the springs are sleeved on the guide posts.

Preferably, two guide rails are arranged on the frame along the length direction of the frame, and a sliding block capable of moving back and forth along the guide rails is arranged on the conveying base at a position corresponding to the guide rails.

Preferably, the lower chopper comprises a lower cutter frame connected to the chopping table top, and a lower cutter blade is arranged on the lower cutter frame near one side of the lower cutter frame and matched with the upper cutter blade to chop the straws.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can thoroughly chop the straws, thoroughly avoids the problems that the existing chopping device or crushing device cannot chop or even generate winding shafts or cutter because of the softness of the straws, has high integral automation degree and chopping efficiency, and has stable and reliable chopping process.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the chopper and ram of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower chopper in cooperation with the upper blade.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, and all techniques realized based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

The straw chopping device shown in fig. 1-5 comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 is of a rectangular frame structure, a conveying base 2 is movably connected to the upper end of the frame 1, specifically, two guide rails 10 are arranged at the upper end of the frame 1 along the length direction of the frame, a sliding block 20 capable of moving back and forth along the guide rails 10 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the guide rails 10, of the conveying base 2, a connecting plate 21 is further arranged on the conveying base 2 along the width direction of the conveying base, and a straw conveying device or straw is fixed on the connecting plate 21. A fixed chopping table 3 is arranged on the frame 1 near the left side of the frame, a crankshaft 30 is movably connected below the fixed chopping table 3, and the crankshaft 30 is connected with the conveying base 2 through a base connecting rod 5. The crankshaft 30 is driven by the motor 12, and an output shaft of the motor 12 is connected with the crankshaft 30 through a transmission mechanism 13.

The position on the upper top surface of the fixed chopping table 3, which is close to the end parts at the two ends of the fixed chopping table, is respectively fixed with a guide rod 9 along the vertical direction, guide blocks 90 are movably sleeved on the guide rods 9, chopping knives 6 are fixedly connected between the two guide blocks 90, a pressing head 7 is connected below the chopping knives 6 through springs 8, a pressing opening is formed between the pressing head 7 and the fixed chopping table 3, a lower chopping knife 31 is connected on the upper top surface of the fixed chopping table 3, the lower chopping knife 31 is matched with the chopping knives 6 to chop straws, and the two ends of a crankshaft 30 are respectively connected with the guide blocks 90 at the corresponding sides through chopping connecting rods 4.

The fixed chopping block 3 comprises two supporting legs fixed on the frame 1, the two supporting legs are arranged along the width direction of the frame 1, the upper ends of the two supporting legs are connected with a chopping table top, the lower ends of the guide rods 9 are fixed on the chopping table top, and the two ends of the crankshaft 30 are respectively penetrated on the supporting legs at the corresponding ends and extend out of the supporting legs at the corresponding ends. The guide block 90 is provided with a rotation shaft to which one end of the chopping link 4 is connected, and the other end is connected to a portion of the crank shaft 30 extending out of the leg of the corresponding side.

As can be seen from fig. 4, the chopping knife 6 comprises a knife rest 60 with an inverted L-shaped structure, wherein the lower end of the knife rest 60 is connected with an upper knife edge 61, and two ends of the knife rest 60 are respectively fixedly connected with guide blocks 90 at corresponding ends; the pressing head 7 comprises a pressing plate 70 parallel to the chopping table, the pressing plate 70 is positioned under the tool rest 60, the lower end of the spring 8 is propped against the pressing plate 70, the upper end of the spring is propped against the upper top of the tool rest 60, the front side of the pressing plate 70 is provided with a bending plate 71 which is bent upwards, and a pressing opening is formed between the bending plate 71 and the chopping table. Two guide posts 80 are also fixed on the pressing plate 70 along the vertical direction, the upper ends of the guide posts 80 extend out of the tool rest 60, and the springs 8 are sleeved on the guide posts 80.

As can be seen from fig. 5 in combination with fig. 1, the lower chopper 31 includes a lower cutter frame 310 connected to the chopping table, a lower cutter edge 311 is disposed on the lower cutter frame 310 at a position corresponding to the upper cutter edge 61 in the vertical direction, the upper cutter edge 61 and the lower cutter edge 311 are both inclined at a certain angle, and waist-shaped holes are distributed on the lower cutter frame 310, and the lower cutter frame 310 is connected to the chopping table by setting bolts in the waist-shaped holes, so that the position of the lower cutter frame 310 on the chopping table is conveniently adjusted, and an excessive gap between the upper cutter edge 61 and the lower cutter edge 311 is eliminated when chopping straws.

The operation of this embodiment is as follows: the motor 12 rotates to drive the crankshaft 30 to rotate, the crankshaft 30 drives the base connecting rod 5 and the chopping connecting rod 4 to move simultaneously, and then the conveying base 2 is driven to move forwards along the frame 1, the chopping knife 6 and the pressing head 7 move upwards, and the straw is accelerated to be conveyed to the pressing opening. Thereafter the straw enters the compacting opening and the transport base 2 moves backwards along the frame 1, the chopper 6 and the ram 7 move downwards, the straw and the chopper 6 remaining relatively stationary in the horizontal direction. The pressing plate 70 of the pressing head 7 presses the rice straw firstly, and finally the elastic force generated by the compression of the spring 8 enables the pressing head 7 to further press the rice straw, and the rice straw is thoroughly chopped into segments after the chopping knife 6 is matched with the lower chopping knife 31.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a straw cutting device, includes frame (1), and the upper end swing joint of this frame (1) has transport base (2), its characterized in that: a fixed chopping table (3) is arranged on the frame (1) near the end part of one end, a crankshaft (30) is movably connected below the fixed chopping table (3), and the crankshaft (30) is connected with the conveying base (2) through a base connecting rod (5);

the upper top surface of the fixed chopping table (3) is provided with a guide rod (9) close to the two end parts of the fixed chopping table along the vertical direction, guide blocks (90) are movably sleeved on the guide rod (9), a chopping knife (6) is fixedly connected between the two guide blocks (90), a pressing head (7) is connected below the chopping knife (6) through a spring (8), a pressing opening is formed between the pressing head (7) and the fixed chopping table (3), the upper top surface of the fixed chopping table (3) is connected with a lower chopping knife (31), and the lower chopping knife (31) is matched with the chopping knife (6) to chop straws;

two ends of the crankshaft (30) are respectively connected with the guide blocks (90) at the corresponding sides through chopping connecting rods (4); the fixed chopping table (3) comprises two supporting legs fixed on the frame (1), the two supporting legs are arranged along the width direction of the frame (1), the upper ends of the two supporting legs are connected with a chopping table top, the lower ends of the guide rods (9) are fixed on the chopping table top, and the two ends of the crankshaft (30) are respectively arranged on the supporting legs at the corresponding ends in a penetrating manner and extend out of the supporting legs at the corresponding ends; a rotating shaft is arranged on the guide block (90), one end of the chopping connecting rod (4) is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the chopping connecting rod is connected with the part, extending out of the corresponding side, of the crank shaft (30); the chopping knife (6) comprises a knife rest (60) with an inverted L-shaped structure, and the lower end of the knife rest (60) is connected with an upper cutting edge (61);

the pressing head (7) comprises a pressing plate (70) parallel to the chopping table top, the pressing plate (70) is positioned right below the tool rest (60), the lower end of the spring (8) is propped against the pressing plate (70), the upper end of the spring is propped against the upper top of the tool rest (60), a bending plate (71) which is bent upwards is arranged on the front side of the pressing plate (70), and the pressing opening is formed between the bending plate (71) and the chopping table top; two guide rails (10) are arranged on the frame (1) along the length direction of the frame, and a sliding block (20) capable of moving back and forth along the guide rails (10) is arranged on the conveying base (2) at a position corresponding to the guide rails (10).

2. The straw chopping device of claim 1, wherein: the crankshaft (30) is driven by the motor (12), and an output shaft of the motor (12) is connected with the crankshaft (30) through the transmission mechanism (13).

3. The straw chopping device of claim 1, wherein: two guide posts (80) are fixed on the pressing plate (70) along the vertical direction, the upper ends of the guide posts (80) extend out of the tool rest (60), and the springs (8) are sleeved on the guide posts (80).

4. The straw chopping device of claim 1, wherein: the lower cutting blade (31) comprises a lower blade carrier (310) connected to the cutting table top, a lower blade (311) is arranged on the lower blade carrier (310) at a position close to one side of the lower blade carrier, and the lower blade (311) is matched with the upper blade (61) to cut straws.