CN109874463B - Small-grain crop precision planter - Google Patents
Small-grain crop precision planter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109874463B CN109874463B CN201910149270.1A CN201910149270A CN109874463B CN 109874463 B CN109874463 B CN 109874463B CN 201910149270 A CN201910149270 A CN 201910149270A CN 109874463 B CN109874463 B CN 109874463B
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- bracket
- earthing
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- driving wheel
- roller
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precision seeder for small-grain crops, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery design, and comprises a suspension device and a seeding monomer arranged on the suspension device, wherein the seeding monomer comprises: a bracket; the front driving wheel is rotatably arranged below the front end of the bracket, and the rolling surface of the front driving wheel is serrated; the ditching device is arranged on the bracket and is positioned behind the front driving wheel; the sowing device is arranged on the bracket and is positioned behind the ditching device; and the earthing device is arranged on the bracket and is positioned behind the seeding device. The invention has the advantages that in the sowing process, the sowing machine can profile along with the land, the front driving wheel can adapt to uneven terrain, and the sowing quality is good; meanwhile, the row spacing, plant spacing, ditching depth and hole sowing grain number can be changed to control the density of sowing, the applicable sowing range is wider, and the cultivation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery design, in particular to a small-grain crop precision planter which is mainly applied to the agricultural sowing operation process.
Background
The seeding operation is an important ring in agricultural production activities, the quality of the operation effect directly influences the planting development of subsequent crops, and the seeding machine is an important tool for the seeding operation, directly influences the effect of the seeding operation, so that the effect is very main. The existing seeder in the market at present has various types and disorder, but the types of precision seeders for hanging small-grain crops are few. Most of the agricultural machinery has complex structure, high cost, large power consumption and complex operation, and has higher requirements on the power intensity of the agricultural machinery and users. In the face of uneven land, the seeder is easy to shake along with the topography continuously in the seeding process, and for small seed crops, the small seed crops are easy to deviate in the landing process, the density of seeding can not be accurately controlled, the row spacing plant spacing is difficult to control, the seeding depth is also difficult to adjust, and precise seeding can not be realized. Under the action of hanging by means of a tractor, the adjustable parameters are met, the precision seeding machine is very needed, and in order to smoothly ensure the normal operation of agricultural production, related agricultural machines are urgently needed to be provided to meet the use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that small-grain crops are easy to generate cheapness and cannot be precisely sowed in the sowing process, and designs a small-grain crop precision planter.
The technical scheme of the invention for achieving the purpose is that the small-grain crop precision planter comprises a suspension device and a sowing monomer arranged on the suspension device, wherein the sowing monomer comprises: a bracket; the front driving wheel is rotatably arranged below the front end of the bracket, and the rolling surface of the front driving wheel is serrated; the ditching device is arranged on the bracket and is positioned behind the front driving wheel; the sowing device is arranged on the bracket and is positioned behind the ditching device; and the earthing device is arranged on the bracket and is positioned behind the seeding device.
Further, the front driving wheel comprises a roller and a pair of rolling plates, the roller is rotatably arranged on the bracket, the roller is positioned between the two rolling plates, and the circumferential sides of the rolling plates are in a saw-tooth shape.
Further, the number of the seeding monomers is at least three.
Further, the seeding monomer is arranged on the suspension device through the profiling mechanism and the tensioning spring, the profiling mechanism is a parallelogram four-bar mechanism, two adjacent ends of the profiling mechanism are arranged on the seeding monomer, two other adjacent ends of the profiling mechanism are arranged on the suspension device, one end of the tensioning spring is arranged on the seeding monomer, and the other end of the tensioning spring is arranged on the suspension device.
Further, the support comprises a pair of guard plates which are oppositely arranged, three connecting shafts are arranged between the two guard plates side by side, and the front driving wheel, the seeding device and the rear pressing wheel are all arranged on the connecting shafts.
Further, the front driving wheel is made of nylon.
Further, the ditching device comprises an adjusting column, a shovel blade and an anti-winding ring; the shovel piece pass through the adjusting column with leg joint, the antiwind ring sets up in the cutting edge department of shovel piece, antiwind ring from bottom to top, from front to back abduct gradually, the top rear end of antiwind ring is equipped with the opening.
Further, the seeder includes seed guide tube, kind box, pivot, gyro wheel and baffle, the seed guide tube set up in the bottom opening part of kind box, the pivot is rotatory set up in kind box, the gyro wheel fixed set up in the pivot, the side of gyro wheel is equipped with the kind hole of several invagination, the baffle is the doubling plate, the rear end of baffle with the gyro wheel laminating, the front end of baffle be the scraper blade of relative setting and with the gyro wheel laminating.
Further, earthing device includes earthing mount, bent plate, earthing pressure spring and earthing board, the earthing mount fixed set up in on the support, the bent plate rotatory set up in on the earthing mount, the one end of bent plate pass through the earthing pressure spring with the earthing mount is connected, the other end with the earthing board is connected, the front end of earthing board is equipped with the arc of indent.
Further, the device also comprises a rear pressing wheel, wherein the rear pressing wheel is identical to the front driving wheel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the sowing process, the sowing machine can profile along with the land, the front driving wheel can adapt to the rugged topography, and the sowing quality is good; meanwhile, the row spacing, plant spacing, ditching depth and hole sowing grain number can be changed to control the density of sowing, the applicable sowing range is wider, and the cultivation efficiency is improved. The structure is simple, and the cost is low; the operation is simple, the application range is wide, the method is particularly suitable for being used in environments with increased labor force of the old and young people in rural areas and the elderly, and the normal operation of agricultural production is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the planter of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the seeding unit of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the front drive wheel of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the ditching apparatus of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the seed planting device of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 6 A-A of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the roller of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the earthing device of the present application.
In the above-mentioned figures of the drawing,
1. a suspension device;
2. sowing the monomers;
21. a bracket; 211. a guard board; 212. a connecting shaft;
22. a front drive wheel; 221. a roller; 222. rolling sheets;
23. a ditching device; 231. a shovel blade; 232. an adjusting column; 233. an anti-winding ring;
24. a sowing device; 241. a seed guide tube; 242. a seed box; 243. a rotating shaft; 244. a roller; 245. a baffle;
25. a soil covering device; 251. a soil covering fixing frame; 252. a bending plate; 253. a soil covering plate;
26. a rear compacting wheel;
3. a profiling mechanism;
4. the spring is tensioned.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the following detailed description is given below of the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:
the utility model provides a small grain crop precision planter, as shown in fig. 1 through 9, includes linkage 1, and this linkage can adopt three-point linkage, and it combines the whole motion characteristics design that hangs the traction of this planter according to the suspension requirement of transport machinery such as tractor, and overall structure adopts square steel welding, belongs to the weldment, uses with transport machinery is supporting. The suspension device 1 is provided with a seeding unit 2, and the seeding unit 2 comprises a bracket 21, a front driving wheel 22, a ditching device 23, a seeding device 24 and a soil covering device 25. The suspension device 1 is stuck with a graduated scale, and the seeding monomers 2 can change different seeding row spacing according to different row spacing, so that the row spacing is adjustable.
As shown in fig. 1, the number of the seeding monomers 2 is six. The seeding unit 2 is used as a part of the whole seeding mechanism, and the operation performance of the unit directly determines the operation effect of the whole machine. The seeding monomer 2 adopts precision seeding to completely realize the precision seeding of the seeds of the small-grain crops. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the seeding unit 2 is arranged on the suspension device 1 through the profiling mechanism 3 and the tensioning spring 4, the profiling mechanism 3 is a parallelogram four-bar mechanism, two adjacent ends of the profiling mechanism 3 are arranged on the seeding unit 2, two other adjacent ends are arranged on the suspension device 1, one end of the tensioning spring 4 is arranged on the seeding unit 2, and the other end is arranged on the suspension device 1. Under the action of the tensioning spring 4, the profiling mechanism 3 floats up and down along with the height of the soil layer in the actual operation process, so that profiling of the whole seeding monomer 2 is realized. The tensioning spring 4 floats on the premise of ensuring that one end is fixed, so that the integral profiling of the seeding monomers is realized, and the machine is convenient to adapt to different land environments.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the stand 21 includes a pair of opposing guard plates 211, three connecting shafts 212 are provided side by side between the guard plates 211, and the front driving wheel 22, the sowing device 24, and the rear pressing wheel 26 are all provided on the connecting shafts 212.
As shown in fig. 4, the front driving wheel 22 includes a roller 221 and a pair of rollers 222, the roller 221 being rotatably provided on the bracket 21 below the front end of the bracket 21; the rollers 221 are located between the two rollers 222, the peripheral sides of the rollers 222 are saw-tooth-shaped, the peripheral sides of the rollers 222 are rolling surfaces of the front driving wheel 22, the ground gripping capability is increased, and the rollers are easy to adapt to various uneven grounds. During the forward movement of the planter, the rollers 222 contact the ground, thereby advancing the front drive wheel 22 in a rolling manner. The front driving wheel 22 is made of nylon, and has strong wear resistance, high plasticity and difficult deformation.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, a ditching device 23 is provided on the bracket 21 and behind the front drive wheel 22. The ditching apparatus 23 includes an adjustment post 232, a blade 231, and an anti-wind ring 233. The adjusting column 232, the shovel 231 and the anti-winding ring 233 are welded, and belong to welding pieces. The shovel 231 is connected with the bracket 21 through an adjusting column 232, the adjusting column 232 is a long screw rod, and the ditching depth can be changed by adjusting the long screw rod, so that the depth can be adjusted. The shovel blade 231 is of a wing shovel type structure, and the shovel point is sharp. The shovel wings are smooth, so that the soil breaking and the soil smoothing are facilitated. The antiwind ring 233 sets up in the cutting edge department of shovel piece 231, antiwind ring 233 from bottom to top, from front to back abducts gradually, and the top rear end of antiwind ring 233 is equipped with the opening, and antiwind ring 233 removes debris such as weeds at any time in the operation in-process, and part debris is got rid of after piling up in antiwind ring 233's opening part, avoids debris to influence the ditching operation of ditching device 23.
As shown in fig. 3, 6, 7 and 8, the sowing device 24 is provided on the stand 21 behind the ditching device 23. The sowing device 24 includes a seed guide 241, a seed box 242, a rotating shaft 243, rollers 244, and a shutter 245. The seed guide tube 241 is arranged at the bottom end opening of the seed box 242, the rotating shaft 243 is rotatably arranged in the seed box 242, the roller 244 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 243, a plurality of sunken seed holes are formed in the side surface of the roller 244, the size of the seed holes is determined by the seeds of small-seed crops, and according to the planting requirements of crops, the seeding requirements of single-hole single-seed, single-hole multi-seed and multi-hole multi-seed can be displayed, so that the effect of adjustable plant spacing is achieved. The seed holes are designed into ellipses and corner lead angles, and the sizes of the ellipses are designed according to the three-dimensional size of the crop seeds; according to the survival rate of seeds, the depth of the holes is designed, so that the sowing modes of single-hole single grains, single-hole multi-grains and multi-hole multi-grains are determined, and the maximum adjustment of the sowing modes is realized. The baffle 245 is the doubling plate, and the rear end and the gyro wheel 244 laminating of baffle 245, the front end of baffle 245 are the scraper blade of relative setting and laminate with gyro wheel 244, and pivot 243 sets up on the bearing of two backplate 211, and the bearing plays fixed spacing's effect, and seeding main sprocket is connected to pivot 243 one end, and this pivot 243 is the hexagonal prism, uses with gyro wheel 244 is supporting.
Plant spacing adjustment can be achieved in two ways. To change the transmission ratio, the motion of the front driving wheel 22 transmits power to the rotating shaft 243 through a chain, and the rotating shaft 243 drives the rollers 244 to realize the sowing process. During the power transmission process, square holes are formed in the roller 244, so that the roller can be replaced at any time. The number of teeth is varied from 16 to 20, and the transmission ratio is changed by changing the number of teeth, so that the seeding rotation speed is changed, the seeding plant spacing of the seeder is more accurate, the operation of constructors is convenient, and the survival rate of seedlings and the maximum yield of later crops are ensured to the greatest extent. Another way is to change the distribution size of the seed holes on the roller 244, and according to the plant spacing requirement, the diameter of the front driving wheel 22 is combined, the transmission ratio is matched, the distribution number of the seed holes is changed, and the plant spacing is adjusted. By changing different rollers 244, the variation of the solid different plant spacing is adjusted. The two adjustment modes are more convenient and quick, and can be flexibly applied according to the needs of specific practical operation processes.
As shown in fig. 3 and 9, the earthing device 25 is provided on the stand 21, behind the sowing device 24. The earthing device 25 comprises an earthing fixing frame 251, a bending plate 252, an earthing pressure spring and an earthing plate 253, wherein the earthing fixing frame 251 is fixedly arranged on the bracket 21. The bent plate 252 is rotatably arranged on the earthing fixing frame 251, one end of the bent plate 252 is connected with the earthing fixing frame 251 through an earthing pressure spring, the other end of the bent plate 252 is connected with the earthing plate 253, and the front end of the earthing plate 253 is provided with an inwards concave arc.
In addition, as shown in fig. 3, the seeding unit 2 of the present application further includes a rear press wheel 26, and the rear press wheel 26 is identical to the front driving wheel 22.
The power transmission process in this application is: the front driving wheel 22 is driven to move forward by a hanging traction sowing unit 2 of a transport machine such as a tractor, the front driving wheel 22 transmits power to the sowing device 24 through chain transmission, the front driving wheel 22 and the sowing driving wheel keep synchronous movement, the sowing process is completed, the rear pressing wheel 26 is a driven wheel, and the rear pressing wheel 26 is towed to move forward under the condition that the whole sowing unit 2 moves forward.
The invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, various modifications may be made thereto and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without structural conflict, technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any way, and any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the claims concerned, the embodiments shall be construed as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. Therefore, any and all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a little seed crop precision planter, includes linkage (1), its characterized in that still includes seeding monomer (2) that set up on linkage (1), seeding monomer (2) include:
a bracket (21);
a front driving wheel (22) rotatably arranged below the front end of the bracket (21), wherein the rolling surface of the front driving wheel (22) is in a zigzag shape;
a ditching device (23) which is arranged on the bracket (21) and is positioned behind the front driving wheel (22);
a sowing device (24) arranged on the bracket (21) and positioned behind the ditching device (23); and
a soil covering device (25) arranged on the bracket (21) and positioned behind the sowing device (24);
the front driving wheel (22) comprises a roller (221) and a pair of rolling plates (222), the roller (221) is rotatably arranged on the bracket (21), the roller (221) is positioned between the two rolling plates (222), and the circumferential sides of the rolling plates (222) are zigzag;
the seeding unit (2) is arranged on the suspension device (1) through a profiling mechanism (3) and a tensioning spring (4), the profiling mechanism (3) is a parallelogram four-bar mechanism, two adjacent ends of the profiling mechanism (3) are arranged on the seeding unit (2), two other adjacent ends of the profiling mechanism are arranged on the suspension device (1), one end of the tensioning spring (4) is arranged on the seeding unit (2), and the other end of the tensioning spring is arranged on the suspension device (1);
the ditching device (23) comprises an adjusting column (232), a shovel blade (231) and an anti-winding ring (233); the shovel sheet (231) is connected with the bracket (21) through an adjusting column (232), the anti-winding ring (233) is arranged at the shovel tip of the shovel sheet (231), the anti-winding ring (233) gradually expands outwards from bottom to top and from front to back, and an opening is formed in the rear end of the top of the anti-winding ring (233);
the earthing device (25) comprises an earthing fixing frame (251), a bent plate (252), an earthing pressure spring and an earthing plate (253), wherein the earthing fixing frame (251) is fixedly arranged on the support (21), the bent plate (252) is rotatably arranged on the earthing fixing frame (251), one end of the bent plate (252) is connected with the earthing fixing frame (251) through the earthing pressure spring, the other end of the bent plate is connected with the earthing plate (253), and the front end of the earthing plate (253) is provided with an inwards concave arc.
2. The small grain crop precision planter according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the planter units (2) is at least three.
3. The small-grain crop precision planter according to claim 1, wherein the bracket (21) comprises a pair of guard plates (211) which are oppositely arranged, three connecting shafts (212) are arranged between the guard plates (211) side by side, and the front driving wheel (22), the sowing device (24) and the rear pressing wheel (26) are arranged on the connecting shafts (212).
4. The small grain crop precision planter of claim 1, wherein the material of the front drive wheel (22) is nylon.
5. The small-grain crop precision planter according to claim 1, wherein the sowing device (24) comprises a seed guiding tube (241), a seed box (242), a rotating shaft (243), a roller (244) and a baffle (245), the seed guiding tube (241) is arranged at the bottom end opening of the seed box (242), the rotating shaft (243) is rotatably arranged in the seed box (242), the roller (244) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (243), a plurality of sunken seed holes are formed in the side surface of the roller (244), the baffle (245) is a doubling plate, the rear end of the baffle (245) is attached to the roller (244), and the front end of the baffle (245) is a scraper plate which is oppositely arranged and is attached to the roller (244).
6. The small grain crop precision planter of claim 1, further comprising a rear press wheel (26), the rear press wheel (26) being identical to the front drive wheel (22).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910149270.1A CN109874463B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Small-grain crop precision planter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910149270.1A CN109874463B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Small-grain crop precision planter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109874463A CN109874463A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109874463B true CN109874463B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910149270.1A Active CN109874463B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Small-grain crop precision planter |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112616378A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-09 | 华中农业大学 | Hand-held precision seeder for rape cell breeding |
| CN113068486A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-07-06 | 王昆 | Agricultural seed seeder of adjustable spread scope |
| CN115024049B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2024-06-11 | 河南天佑佳禾农业科技有限公司 | Compacting device of seeder |
| CN115777294B (en) * | 2022-11-26 | 2023-07-14 | 北大荒集团黑龙江友谊农场有限公司 | Four rows of seeding equipment on soybean's ridge |
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| CN209882531U (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-01-03 | 青岛万世丰农业科技有限公司 | Small-seed crop precision seeder |
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2019
- 2019-02-28 CN CN201910149270.1A patent/CN109874463B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203492354U (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽农业大学 | Multifunctional peanut seeding machine |
| CN104081917A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-08 | 中国农业大学 | Collocated-copying no-tillage and precision corn sowing machine |
| CN204579006U (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-08-26 | 邯郸市国萃泵业有限公司 | A kind of antiwind rotary blade |
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