CN109870377B - Fluid lubrication friction and wear testing machine and method - Google Patents
Fluid lubrication friction and wear testing machine and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109870377B CN109870377B CN201910250503.7A CN201910250503A CN109870377B CN 109870377 B CN109870377 B CN 109870377B CN 201910250503 A CN201910250503 A CN 201910250503A CN 109870377 B CN109870377 B CN 109870377B
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Abstract
A fluid lubrication friction and wear testing machine and a method are particularly suitable for the technical field of friction and wear. The testing machine comprises a testing machine base, a box body and a driving motor are respectively arranged on the testing machine base, a lower sample base and a lower sample are arranged at the bottom in the box body, a sleeve fixed on a box body cover plate above the box body is arranged above the lower sample base, a loading spring is arranged in the sleeve in the middle, a sample base is sleeved below the loading spring in the sleeve, an upper sample is fixed below the upper sample base, the upper sample and the lower sample are in contact, a displacement sensor I is arranged on the lower sample, a displacement sensor II is arranged on the upper sample, two force sensors are arranged at the contact position of the sleeve and the upper sample base, a spring seat is arranged above the loading spring in the sleeve, the two force sensors, the displacement sensor I and the displacement sensor II penetrate through a wire to pass. The structure is simple, the using effect is good, and the testing under different medium viscosities is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fluid lubrication friction and wear testing machine and a method, in particular to a fluid lubrication friction and wear testing machine and a method which are suitable for the technical field of friction and wear of friction pair materials.
Background
Fluid transmissions have been widely used in construction machines, and the trend of fluid transmissions toward higher speeds, higher pressures, lower noise, and longer life is currently in progress.
In the working process of fluid machinery (such as a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic control valve, a sliding water bearing and the like), a fluid medium with certain pressure exists in a key friction pair interface of the fluid machinery, and a liquid lubricating film is formed under certain conditions to reduce abrasion, improve the working efficiency and prolong the service life. Common fluid lubrication friction pairs include plunger-crankshaft rotary friction pairs in hydraulic pumps/motors, port plate end face-rotor end face friction pairs in hydraulic pumps/motors, rotary friction pairs between port shafts of hydraulic pumps/motors and inner holes of shells, friction pairs between hydraulic valve cores and valve seats, sliding friction pairs between shaft diameters of sliding bearings and bearing bushes and the like. The reasonable design of various friction pairs in the fluid machinery enables the friction pairs to form a proper liquid lubricating film thickness, and has important significance for improving the working reliability and the service life of the fluid pressure element.
The formation of liquid lubricating film between the friction pair interfaces of fluid mechanical elements is influenced by various factors, and is not only related to the pressure of fluid medium, the relative movement speed of two components of the friction pair interfaces and the viscosity of the fluid medium, but also related to the structural parameters of the friction pair and the assembly precision of the components. The failure of fluid mechanical components is mainly caused by that the friction interface of the key friction pair does not form necessary lubrication conditions, so that the friction pair is worn and even burned out, thereby causing leakage and severe vibration, and the failure of components such as a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic control valve and a sliding water bearing is also caused. The current friction wear testing machine considers universality, generally only factors such as load, contact form, temperature and material type are considered, the measuring method and the measuring result are single, and the influence of factors such as fluid medium pressure, viscosity, sample structure and surface morphology on the formation of a fluid lubricating film on a friction pair interface is not comprehensively considered. Most of the fluid lubrication researches are grease and hydraulic oil, and the researches on low-viscosity liquid such as pure water, emulsion and water glycol are less. Therefore, the influence rule of different parameters (including medium pressure, viscosity, load, structural parameters and friction pair material types) on the formation of a fluid lubricating film in a friction pair interface is researched, the friction and wear behavior of the friction pair interface is observed, and the method has important reference significance on the key friction pair design of fluid mechanical elements.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose is as follows: aiming at the defects of the technology, the fluid lubrication friction wear testing machine and the method have the advantages that the structure is simple, the using effect is good, the fluid medium pressure and the load can be set to establish a fluid lubrication film in a friction pair interface, the influence of the shape, the surface roughness and the material type of a friction sample on the establishment of an oil film in the friction wear process can be researched, and the testing under different medium viscosities can be realized by replacing working media.
The technical content is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the fluid lubrication friction wear testing machine comprises a testing machine base, wherein a box body and a driving motor are respectively arranged on the testing machine base, a flow guide hole penetrating through the testing machine base is formed in one side in the box body, a measuring cup is arranged below the flow guide hole, a box body cover plate is arranged at the top of the box body, a driven belt wheel and a driving belt wheel are arranged below the testing machine base at the positions of the box body and the driving motor, the driving belt wheel is connected with the driving motor through a rotating shaft, a lower sample base is arranged at the bottom in the box body, the lower sample base is connected with the driven belt wheel through the rotating shaft penetrating through the bottom of the base and the testing machine base, a gear belt is arranged between the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel and is connected with each other, a lower sample is arranged on the lower sample base, a sleeve fixed on the box body cover, an upper sample is fixed below an upper sample base, the upper sample is in contact with a lower sample, a displacement sensor I is arranged on the lower sample, a displacement sensor II is arranged on the upper sample, two force sensors are arranged at the contact position of a sleeve and the upper sample base, a spring seat is arranged above a loading spring in the sleeve, a box body on the spring seat is provided with an opening matched with the spring seat, a loading screw rod seat is arranged on the opening, a loading screw rod is arranged below the loading screw rod seat and in contact with the spring seat, and the loading screw rod seat is in threaded matching with the loading screw rod; the two force sensors, the displacement sensor I and the displacement sensor II penetrate through the box body through wires and are connected with a computer through a data acquisition card, the computer is further connected with a driving motor through a motor control circuit, a hydraulic pipe is arranged on the upper sample base and is respectively connected with an overflow valve and a fluid medium storage box through a hydraulic meter, and a hydraulic pump controlled by a motor is arranged on the hydraulic pipe connected with the fluid medium storage box.
Telescopic top is equipped with the ring flange of being convenient for and box cover connection fixed, is equipped with the telescopic below edge symmetry of a plurality of sleeve bolt holes on the ring flange and is equipped with two breachs, is equipped with force sensor I and force sensor II in the breach respectively.
Go up the sample base and be the columnar structure with sleeve size matching, go up sample base both sides and be equipped with respectively with two breach matches's of sleeve otic placode I and otic placode II, the circular department of going up sample base bottom is equipped with down logical liquid hole, go up sample base both sides level and be equipped with the right logical liquid hole and the left logical liquid hole that link up each other, the right logical liquid hole and the left logical liquid hole are connected balanced play liquid with two exports of hydraulic pressure pipe respectively, right logical liquid hole (13-3) and left logical liquid hole and logical liquid hole intercommunication down form T font structure, it is equipped with a plurality of bolt holes to go up sample base bottom surface around logical liquid hole down.
The upper sample comprises an upper sample upper column base and an upper sample lower column base, wherein the diameter of the upper sample lower column base is smaller than that of the upper sample upper column base, a plurality of upper sample bolt holes matched with the bolt holes (13-2) are formed in the position, exceeding the upper sample lower column base, of the upper sample upper column base, an upper sample liquid through hole is axially formed in the circle center of the upper sample, a damping hole is formed in the bottom of the upper sample liquid through hole, a sealing ring groove is machined in the upper sample upper column base, and when the upper sample and the upper sample base are connected through bolts, a sealing ring for preventing leakage is placed in the sealing ring groove; the upper sample lower column base is processed into different geometric shapes and surface appearances according to different experimental purposes, and the type of materials is selected.
A fluid lubrication friction wear test method comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, preparing an upper sample and a lower sample according to working conditions and experimental purposes, fixing the upper sample and an upper sample base through bolt holes and upper sample bolt holes by using bolts, and fixing the upper sample by selecting different upper sample bolt holes to realize different friction radiuses; the lower sample is installed on a lower sample base through bolt connection, different friction radiuses of the lower sample are achieved, the loading screw rod is adjusted to push the spring seat downwards to extrude the loading spring downwards, the spring force is the friction load acting on the upper sample, and different friction loads are set through adjusting the length of the loading screw rod;
b. starting a computer and a data acquisition card, supplying power to a force sensor, a displacement sensor I and a displacement sensor II, starting to work, and transmitting data acquired by the data acquisition card to the computer to start recording signals;
c. the selection of fluid media of different viscosities according to experimental requirements includes: the device comprises emulsion, hydraulic oil and water glycol, wherein the overflow pressure of an overflow valve is set, a driving motor of a hydraulic pump is started to enable the hydraulic pump to start to supply liquid, a fluid medium sequentially passes through a hydraulic pipe, a right liquid through hole or a left liquid through hole on an upper sample base, a lower liquid through hole on the upper sample base, an upper sample liquid through hole and a damping hole to reach a friction interface between an upper sample and a lower sample, and different fluid pressures in the friction interface are realized by setting different overflow pressures of the overflow valve;
d, starting a motor control circuit to enable a driving motor to rotate, driving the driving motor to drive a gear belt to drive a driven belt wheel through a driving belt wheel, driving a lower sample base and a lower sample to rotate through the driven belt wheel, setting different rotating speeds according to experiment requirements, and starting a friction and wear experiment on the upper sample and the lower sample;
e. recording the volume of the fluid medium in the measuring cup, obtaining the leakage amount of the fluid medium in the friction and wear test process, processing the real-time contour of the friction and wear area on the surface of the lower sample measured by the displacement sensor I, the thickness of the fluid lubricating film formed in the friction pair interface in the friction and wear process measured by the displacement sensor II and the friction force applied to the upper sample in the friction and wear process measured by the force sensor on the computer, and analyzing and evaluating the friction and wear test results of the upper sample and the lower sample.
Has the advantages that: the invention can realize the friction and wear tests with different pressures, different medium viscosities and different friction speeds, can simultaneously carry out the friction and wear tests on friction pair samples with different structural parameters, different surface morphologies and different materials, can measure the friction force, the morphology of a friction interface, the thickness of a fluid lubrication film and the leakage amount of the friction pair in real time, has simple structure and convenient operation, can carry out the dry friction and wear tests of fluid lubrication friction and non-medium lubrication, and provides experimental conditions for the design of the friction pair and the evaluation and verification of the friction and wear performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fluid lubrication frictional wear tester of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sleeve of the fluid lubrication frictional wear tester of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a sample base on the fluid lubrication frictional wear testing machine of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample on the fluid lubrication friction wear testing machine of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a driving motor, 2, a driving belt wheel, 3, a gear belt, 4, a testing machine base, 5, a displacement sensor I, 6, a displacement sensor II, 7, a lower sample, 8, a lower sample base, 9, a driven belt wheel, 10-1, a flow guide hole, 10-2, a measuring cup, 11, an upper sample, 11-1, an upper sample liquid through hole, 11-2, an upper sample upper column platform, 11-3, an upper sample bolt hole, 11-4, an upper sample lower surface, 11-5, a damping hole, 12, a hydraulic pipe, 13, an upper sample base, 13-1, a lower liquid through hole, 13-2, a bolt hole, 13-3, a right liquid through hole, 13-4, an ear plate I, 13-5, a left liquid through hole, 13-6, an ear plate II, 14, a force sensor, 14-1, a force sensor I, 14-2 and a force sensor II, 15. the device comprises a sleeve, 15-1, a sleeve bolt hole, 16, a box body, 17, a loading spring, 18, a spring seat, 19, a box body cover plate, 20, a loading screw seat, 21, a loading screw, 22, an overflow valve, 23, a pressure gauge, 24, a hydraulic pump, 25, a fluid medium storage tank, 26, a computer, 27, a data acquisition card, 28 and a motor control circuit,
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the fluid lubrication friction wear testing machine is characterized in that: the device comprises a testing machine base 4, a box body 16 and a driving motor 1 are respectively arranged on the testing machine base 4, a flow guide hole 10-1 penetrating through the testing machine base 4 is arranged at one side in the box body 16, a measuring cup 10-2 is arranged below the flow guide hole 10-1, a box body cover plate 19 is arranged at the top of the box body 16, a driven belt wheel 9 and a driving belt wheel 2 are arranged at the positions of the box body 16 and the driving motor 1 below the testing machine base 4, the driving belt wheel 2 is connected with the driving motor 1 through a rotating shaft, a lower sample base 8 is arranged at the bottom in the box 16, the lower sample base 8 is connected with a driven belt wheel 9 through a rotating shaft penetrating through the bottom of the base 8 and the testing machine base 4, a gear belt 3 is arranged between the driving belt wheel 2 and the driven belt wheel 9 and is connected with each other, a lower sample 7 is arranged on the lower sample base 8, and a sleeve 15 fixed on a box cover plate 19 above the box 16 is arranged above the lower sample base 8;
as shown in fig. 2, a flange plate convenient for connecting and fixing with a box cover plate 19 is arranged at the top of the sleeve 15, two notches are symmetrically arranged at the lower edge of the sleeve 15, which is provided with a plurality of sleeve bolt holes 15-1, a force sensor i 14-1 and a force sensor ii 14-2 are respectively arranged in the notches, a loading spring 17 is arranged in the middle of the sleeve 15, an upper sample base 13 is sleeved below the loading spring 17 in the sleeve 15, the upper sample base 13 is of a columnar structure matched with the size of the sleeve 15, ear plates i 13-4 and ii 13-6 matched with the two notches of the sleeve 15 are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper sample base 13, a lower liquid through hole 13-1 is arranged at the circular position at the bottom of the upper sample base 13, a right liquid through hole 13-3 and a left liquid through hole 13-5 which are mutually communicated are horizontally arranged at two sides of the upper sample, the right liquid through hole 13-3 and the left liquid through hole 13-5 are respectively connected with two outlets of the hydraulic pipe 12 to balance liquid outlet, the right liquid through hole 13-3 and the left liquid through hole 13-5 are communicated with the lower liquid through hole 13-1 to form a T-shaped structure, and a plurality of bolt holes 13-2 are formed in the periphery of the lower liquid through hole 13-1 on the bottom surface of the upper sample base 13;
as shown in fig. 4, the upper sample 11 includes an upper sample upper column 11-2 and an upper sample lower column 11-4, wherein the diameter of the upper sample lower column 11-4 is smaller than that of the upper sample upper column 11-2, a plurality of upper sample bolt holes 11-3 matched with the bolt holes 13-2 are arranged at the position where the upper sample upper column 11-2 exceeds the upper sample lower column 11-4, an upper sample liquid through hole 11-1 is axially arranged at the center of the upper sample 11, a damping hole 11-5 is arranged at the bottom of the upper sample liquid through hole 11-1, a seal ring groove is processed on the upper sample upper column 11-2, and when the upper sample 11 and the upper sample base 13 are connected by using a bolt, a seal ring for preventing leakage is arranged in the seal ring groove; the upper sample lower column base 11-4 is processed into different geometric shapes and surface appearances according to different experimental purposes, and the type of materials is selected;
as shown in fig. 3, an upper sample 11 is fixed below an upper sample base 13, the upper sample 11 contacts with a lower sample 7, a displacement sensor i 5 is arranged on the lower sample 7, a displacement sensor ii 6 is arranged on the upper sample 11, two force sensors 14 are arranged at the contact position of a sleeve 15 and the upper sample base 13, a spring seat 18 is arranged above a loading spring 17 in the sleeve 15, a box body 16 on the spring seat 18 is provided with an opening matched with the spring seat 18, a loading screw seat 20 is arranged on the opening, the loading screw seat 20 is provided with a loading screw 21, the lower part of the loading screw seat is contacted with the spring seat 18, and the loading screw seat 20 is in threaded matching with the loading screw 21; the two force sensors 14, the displacement sensor I5 and the displacement sensor II 6 penetrate through the box body 16 through conducting wires and are connected with a computer 26 through a data acquisition card 27, the computer 26 is further connected with the driving motor 1 through a motor control circuit 28, the upper sample base 13 is connected with a hydraulic pipe 12, the hydraulic pipe 12 is respectively connected with an overflow valve 22 and a fluid medium storage tank 25 through a hydraulic meter 23, and a hydraulic pump 24 controlled through a motor is arranged on the hydraulic pipe 12 connected with the body medium storage tank 25.
A fluid lubrication friction wear detection method comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, preparing an upper sample 11 and a lower sample 7 according to working conditions and experimental purposes, fixing the upper sample 11 and an upper sample base 13 through bolt holes 13-2 and an upper sample bolt hole 11-3 by using bolts, and fixing the upper sample 11 by selecting different upper sample bolt holes 11-3 to realize different friction radiuses; the lower sample 7 is installed on the lower sample base 8 through bolt connection, different friction radiuses of the lower sample 7 are achieved, the loading screw 21 is adjusted to push the spring seat 18 downwards to extrude the loading spring 17, the spring force is the friction load acting on the upper sample 11, and different friction loads are set through adjusting the length of the loading screw 21;
b. starting the computer 26 and the data acquisition card 27, supplying power to the force sensor 14, the displacement sensor I5 and the displacement sensor II 6, starting to work, and transmitting data acquired by the data acquisition card 27 to the computer 26 to start recording signals;
c. the selection of fluid media of different viscosities according to experimental requirements includes: the device comprises emulsion, hydraulic oil and water glycol, wherein the overflow pressure of an overflow valve 22 is set, a driving motor of the hydraulic pump is started to enable the hydraulic pump to start to supply liquid, a fluid medium sequentially passes through a hydraulic pipe 12, a right liquid through hole 13-3 or a left liquid through hole 13-5 on an upper sample base 13, a lower liquid through hole 13-1 of the upper sample base 13, an upper sample liquid through hole 11-1 and a damping hole 11-5 to reach a friction interface between an upper sample 7 and a lower sample 11, and different fluid pressures in the friction interface are realized by setting different overflow pressures of the overflow valve 22;
d, starting the motor control circuit 28 to enable the driving motor 1 to rotate, enabling the driving motor 1 to drive the gear belt 3 to drive the driven belt wheel 9 through the driving belt wheel 2, enabling the driven belt wheel 9 to drive the lower sample base 8 to drive the lower sample 7 to rotate, setting different rotating speeds according to experiment requirements, and enabling the upper sample 11 and the lower sample 7 to start a friction and wear experiment;
e. recording the volume of the fluid medium in the measuring cup, obtaining the leakage amount of the fluid medium in the friction and wear test process, processing the recorded real-time contour of the friction and wear area on the surface of the lower sample measured by the displacement sensor I5, the thickness of the fluid lubricating film formed in the friction pair interface in the friction and wear process measured by the displacement sensor II 6 and the friction force applied to the upper sample in the friction and wear process measured by the force sensor on the computer 26, and analyzing and evaluating the friction and wear test results of the upper sample 11 and the lower sample 7.
The first embodiment,
A fluid lubrication friction wear testing machine comprises a driving motor 1 for driving a lower sample 7 to move; the driving belt wheel 2, the gear belt 3 and the driven belt wheel 9 are used for transmission between the lower sample 7 and the driving motor 1; the testing machine base 4 is used for installing the box 16 and the driving motor 1; a lower sample base 8 for mounting a lower sample 7; a diversion hole and a measuring cup 10 for measuring the leakage of the friction interface in the friction and wear process; the displacement sensor I5 is used for measuring the surface profile of the lower sample 7 in the friction and wear process; a displacement sensor II 6 for measuring the thickness of the oil film; an upper sample base 13 for mounting an upper sample 11; a hydraulic tube 12 for communicating liquid to the liquid communication holes in the upper sample base 13 and the upper sample 11; a force sensor 14 for measuring the friction force in the friction pair interface during frictional wear; a sleeve 15 for placing a loading spring 17, an upper sample base 13 and a spring seat 18; a loading spring 17 for loading the upper sample during the rubbing process; a spring seat 18 for placing the loading spring 17; a box cover plate 19 for mounting the sleeve 15 and the loading screw base 20; a loading screw 21 for pressing and deforming the loading spring 17; a loading screw seat 20 for mounting a loading screw 21; an overflow valve 22 for setting the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic system to the hydraulic pressure in the friction pair interface; a pressure gauge 23 for displaying the pressure of the fluid medium; a hydraulic pump 24 for supplying liquid to the testing machine; a fluid medium storage tank 25 for storing a fluid medium; a computer 26 for data processing, storage and control; the data acquisition card 27 is used for acquiring signals measured by the force sensor 14, the displacement sensor I5 and the displacement sensor II 6; a motor control circuit 28 for driving the motor control and power supply.
The structure of the sleeve 15 is enlarged, and the upper end of the sleeve 15 is provided with a sleeve bolt hole 15-1 for connecting the sleeve 15 with a box body cover plate 19; the bottom of the sleeve 15 is provided with a force sensor I14-1 and a force sensor II 14-2 which are used for measuring friction force of a friction interface in the friction and wear process; the sleeve 15 houses a loading spring seat 18, a loading spring 17 and an upper sample mount 13.
The upper sample base 13 comprises a lower liquid through hole 13-1, a right liquid through hole 13-3 and a left liquid through hole 13-5 for liquid through; a bolt hole 13-2 for fixing an upper sample 11, wherein the friction radius of the upper sample is realized by connecting different bolt holes 13-2; ear plates I13-4 and II 13-6 for applying frictional force to the force sensors I14-1 and II 14-2.
The upper sample 11 comprises an upper sample liquid through hole 11-1 for liquid through; an upper sample bolt hole 11-3 for connecting an upper sample with an upper sample base; the damping hole 11-5 is used for communicating liquid, and the damping hole 11-5 is processed into different sizes and shapes on the upper sample 11 according to different requirements and working conditions; a sealing ring groove is processed on the upper surface 11-2 of the upper sample, and when the upper sample 11 and the upper sample base 13 are connected by using bolts, a sealing ring for preventing leakage is placed in the sealing ring groove; the lower surface 11-4 of the upper sample can be processed into different geometric shapes and surface morphologies according to different experimental purposes, and the type of material can be selected.
The working process is as follows:
1) firstly, preparing an upper sample 11 and a lower sample 7 according to working conditions and experimental purposes, and designing the structural parameters, the surface appearance and the material types of the upper sample 11 and the lower sample 7 according to requirements; connecting a bolt hole 13-2 on the upper sample base 13 and an upper sample bolt hole 11-3 by using bolts, mounting an upper sample on the upper sample base 13, and adjusting the connection of different bolt holes 13-2 on the upper sample base 13 and the upper sample bolt hole 11-3 to realize different friction radiuses; the lower sample 7 is installed on the lower sample base 8 by using bolt connection, the loading screw 21 is adjusted to push the spring seat 18 downwards to extrude the loading spring 17, the spring force is the friction load acting on the upper sample 11, and different friction loads can be set by adjusting the length of the loading screw 21;
2) starting the computer 26 and the data acquisition card 27, supplying power to the force sensor 14, the displacement sensor I5 and the displacement sensor II 6, starting to work, and transmitting data acquired by the data acquisition card 27 to the computer 26 to start recording signals;
3) selecting fluid media with different viscosities, such as emulsion, hydraulic oil, water glycol and the like according to experimental requirements, setting the overflow pressure of an overflow valve 22, starting a driving motor of a hydraulic pump to enable the hydraulic pump to start to supply liquid, enabling the fluid media to reach a friction interface of an upper sample and a lower sample through a hydraulic pipe 12, a liquid through hole 13-3, a liquid through hole 13-5, the liquid through hole 11-1 and a damping hole 11-5 on a base of the upper sample, and setting different overflow pressures of the overflow valve 22 to realize different fluid pressures in the friction interface;
4) starting the motor control circuit 28 to drive the driving motor 1 to rotate, setting different rotating speeds according to experiment requirements, and starting a friction and wear experiment on the upper sample 11 and the lower sample 7;
5) recording the volume of the fluid medium in the measuring cup, obtaining the leakage amount of the fluid medium in the friction and wear test process, processing the recorded real-time profile of the friction and wear area on the surface of the lower sample measured by the displacement sensor 1(5), the thickness of the fluid lubricating film formed in the friction pair interface in the friction and wear process measured by the displacement sensor 2(6) and the friction force applied to the upper sample in the friction and wear process measured by the force sensor on the computer 26, and analyzing and evaluating the friction and wear test results of the upper sample 11 and the lower sample 7.
Claims (5)
1. A fluid lubrication friction wear testing machine is characterized in that: the device comprises a tester base (4), a box body (16) and a driving motor (1) are respectively arranged on the tester base (4), a flow guide hole (10-1) penetrating through the tester base (4) is formed in one side in the box body (16), a measuring cup (10-2) is arranged below the flow guide hole (10-1), a box body cover plate (19) is arranged at the top of the box body (16), a driven belt wheel (9) and a driving belt wheel (2) are arranged at the positions of the box body (16) and the driving motor (1) below the tester base (4), the driving belt wheel (2) is connected with the driving motor (1) through a rotating shaft, a lower sample base (8) is arranged at the bottom in the box body (16), the lower sample base (8) is connected with the driven belt wheel (9) through a rotating shaft penetrating through the base (8) and the tester base (4), and gear belts (3) are arranged between the driving belt wheel (2) and the driven belt wheel, a lower sample (7) is arranged on the lower sample base (8), a sleeve (15) fixed on a box body cover plate (19) above a box body (16) is arranged above the lower sample base (8), a loading spring (17) is arranged in the middle of the sleeve (15), an upper sample base (13) is sleeved below the loading spring (17) in the sleeve (15), an upper sample (11) is fixed below the upper sample base (13), the upper sample (11) is in contact with the lower sample (7), a displacement sensor I (5) is arranged on the lower sample (7), a displacement sensor II (6) is arranged on the upper sample (11), two force sensors (14) are arranged at the contact part of the sleeve (15) and the upper sample base (13), a spring seat (18) is arranged above the loading spring (17) in the sleeve (15), and a hole matched with the spring seat (18) is formed in the box body (16) on the spring seat (18), a loading screw rod seat (20) is arranged on the opening, a loading screw rod (21) which is contacted with the spring seat (18) at the lower part is arranged on the loading screw rod seat (20), and the loading screw rod seat (20) is in threaded matching with the loading screw rod (21); the two force sensors (14), the displacement sensor I (5) and the displacement sensor II (6) penetrate through the box body (16) through wires and are connected with the computer (26) through a data acquisition card (27), the computer (26) is further connected with the driving motor (1) through a motor control circuit (28), the upper sample base (13) is connected with the hydraulic pipe (12), the hydraulic pipe (12) is respectively connected with the overflow valve (22) and the fluid medium storage tank (25) through the hydraulic meter (23), and the hydraulic pipe (12) connected with the body medium storage tank (25) is provided with the hydraulic pump (24) controlled by the motor.
2. The fluid lubrication frictional wear tester as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of the sleeve (15) is provided with a flange which is convenient to be connected and fixed with a box body cover plate (19), the flange is provided with a plurality of sleeve bolt holes (15-1), the edge of the lower part of the sleeve (15) is symmetrically provided with two notches, and the notches are respectively provided with a force sensor I (14-1) and a force sensor II (14-2).
3. The fluid lubrication friction wear tester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the upper sample base (13) is of a columnar structure matched with the size of the sleeve (15), an ear plate I (13-4) and an ear plate II (13-6) matched with two notches of the sleeve (15) are arranged on two sides of the upper sample base (13) respectively, a lower liquid through hole (13-1) is arranged at the circular position of the bottom of the upper sample base (13), a right liquid through hole (13-3) and a left liquid through hole (13-5) which are communicated with each other are horizontally arranged on two sides of the upper sample base (13), the right liquid through hole (13-3) and the left liquid through hole (13-5) are respectively connected with two outlets of the hydraulic pipe (12) to balance liquid outflow, the right liquid through hole (13-3) and the left liquid through hole (13-5) are communicated with the lower liquid through hole (13-1) to form a T-shaped structure, and a plurality of bolt holes (13-2) are formed in the bottom surface of the upper sample base (13) around the lower liquid through hole (13-1).
4. The fluid lubrication frictional wear tester according to claim 3, wherein: the upper sample (11) comprises an upper sample upper column base (11-2) and an upper sample lower column base (11-4), wherein the diameter of the upper sample lower column base (11-4) is smaller than that of the upper sample upper column base (11-2), a plurality of upper sample bolt holes (11-3) matched with the bolt holes (13-2) are formed in the position, exceeding the upper sample lower column base (11-4), of the upper sample upper column base (11-2), an upper sample liquid through hole (11-1) is axially formed in the circle center of the upper sample (11), a damping hole (11-5) is formed in the bottom of the upper sample liquid through hole (11-1), a sealing ring groove is machined in the upper sample upper column base (11-2), and when the upper sample (11) and the upper sample base (13) are connected through bolts, a sealing ring for preventing leakage is placed in the sealing ring groove; the upper sample lower column table (11-4) is processed into different geometric shapes and surface morphologies according to different experimental purposes, and the type of materials is selected.
5. A test method using the fluid lubrication frictional wear tester according to claim 1, characterized by the steps of:
a. firstly, preparing an upper sample (11) and a lower sample (7) according to working conditions and experimental purposes, fixing the upper sample (11) and an upper sample base (13) by using bolts through bolt holes (13-2) and upper sample bolt holes (11-3), and fixing the upper sample (11) by selecting different upper sample bolt holes (11-3) to realize different friction radiuses; the lower sample (7) is installed on a lower sample base (8) through bolt connection, different friction radiuses of the lower sample (7) are achieved, a loading screw rod (21) is adjusted to enable the loading screw rod to push a spring seat (18) downwards to extrude a loading spring (17), spring force is friction load acting on the upper sample (11), and different friction loads are set through adjusting the length of the loading screw rod (21);
b. starting a computer (26) and a data acquisition card (27), supplying power to a force sensor (14), a displacement sensor I (5) and a displacement sensor II (6) to start working, and transmitting data acquired by the data acquisition card (27) to the computer (26) to start recording signals;
c. the selection of fluid media of different viscosities according to experimental requirements includes: the device comprises emulsion, hydraulic oil and water glycol, wherein the overflow pressure of an overflow valve (22) is set, a driving motor of the hydraulic pump is started to enable the hydraulic pump to start to supply liquid, a fluid medium sequentially passes through a hydraulic pipe (12), a right liquid through hole (13-3) or a left liquid through hole (13-5) on an upper sample base (13), a lower liquid through hole (13-1) of the upper sample base (13), an upper sample liquid through hole (11-1) and a damping hole (11-5) to reach a friction interface between an upper sample (7) and a lower sample (11), and different fluid pressures in the friction interface are realized by setting different overflow pressures of the overflow valve (22);
d, starting a motor control circuit (28) to enable a driving motor (1) to rotate, driving the driving motor (1) to drive a gear belt (3) to drive a driven belt wheel (9) through a driving belt wheel (2), driving a lower sample base (8) to drive a lower sample (7) to rotate through the driven belt wheel (9), setting different rotating speeds according to experiment requirements, and starting a friction and wear experiment on an upper sample (11) and the lower sample (7);
e. recording the volume of the fluid medium in the measuring cup, obtaining the leakage amount of the fluid medium in the friction and wear test process, processing the recorded real-time profile of the friction and wear area of the surface of the lower sample measured by the displacement sensor I (5), the thickness of the fluid lubricating film formed in the friction pair interface in the friction and wear process measured by the displacement sensor II (6) and the friction force applied to the upper sample in the friction and wear process measured by the force sensor on a computer (26), and analyzing and evaluating the friction and wear test results of the upper sample (11) and the lower sample (7).
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| CN110553941A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-10 | 江苏星光新材料科技有限公司 | wear-resistant paper wear-resistant test device |
| CN110686839A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-14 | 天津大学 | Sliding friction pair dynamic sealing performance testing equipment based on gas pressure source |
| CN110686840A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-14 | 天津大学 | Sliding friction pair dynamic sealing performance testing system |
| CN110686838A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-14 | 天津大学 | Method for evaluating dynamic sealing performance of sliding friction pair |
| CN110672282A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-10 | 天津大学 | Method for testing dynamic sealing performance of sliding friction pair |
| CN112763208B (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2022-03-22 | 西安理工大学 | Method for testing lubricating performance of screw rod and star wheel meshing |
| CN113188892A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Friction wear testing machine with medium injection and compression functions and testing method thereof |
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| PL177192B1 (en) * | 1995-07-04 | 1999-10-29 | Inst Tech Eksploatacji | Apparatus for measuring friction and degree of wear of lubricated and not-lubricated components |
| JP3297379B2 (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2002-07-02 | 神鋼造機株式会社 | Friction and wear testing machine |
| JP2008151690A (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-07-03 | Bridgestone Corp | Method and apparatus for measuring characteristics of wet lubricant |
| RU2381481C1 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-02-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Точприбор" | Machine for testing of materials for friction and wear |
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| US9194784B1 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2015-11-24 | Hongfeng Bi | High pressure, high temperature lubricity tester |
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| CN206038458U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-03-22 | 陕西科技大学 | A test device for friction test under sea water environment |
| CN107101902B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-04-12 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of fine motion frictional testing machine |
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| CN207516192U (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-06-19 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of simulation space environment multifunction friction wear experimental rig |
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