CN113188892A - Friction wear testing machine with medium injection and compression functions and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Friction wear testing machine with medium injection and compression functions and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113188892A CN113188892A CN202110500389.6A CN202110500389A CN113188892A CN 113188892 A CN113188892 A CN 113188892A CN 202110500389 A CN202110500389 A CN 202110500389A CN 113188892 A CN113188892 A CN 113188892A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a friction wear testing machine with a medium injection function and a testing method thereof. The existing friction tester neglects the influence of fluid medium pressure and medium viscosity in the friction pair on a liquid film in a friction pair interface. After the upper sample compresses the lower sample, the small-sized hydraulic press supplies liquid, and lubricating liquid sequentially passes through the hydraulic pipe, the radial hole of the main shaft, the main shaft liquid through hole and the upper sample liquid through hole of the upper sample to reach a friction interface of the upper sample and the lower sample; then the driving motor drives the lower sample to rub the upper sample; the flow sensor measures the leakage amount of the lubricating liquid, the micro-displacement sensor measures the thickness of the fluid lubricating film in the friction pair interface, the tension sensor measures the friction force applied to the test sample, the vibration sensor measures the vibration of the test sample, and the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the friction pair interface. The invention can measure the friction force, the friction coefficient of a friction interface, the thickness of the fluid lubricating film and the leakage amount of the friction pair in real time, and provides experimental conditions for the design of the friction pair and the evaluation of the frictional wear performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of testing, and particularly relates to a friction and wear testing machine with a medium injection function and a testing method thereof, which can be used for friction and wear tests of an end surface plane friction pair.
Background
Any mechanical equipment has friction when working with relative motion, and the machine has abnormal friction and wear under the condition of no good lubrication, which not only influences the normal work of the machine, but also means huge social wealth waste. Therefore, it is extremely important to explore the friction and wear mechanism and the friction performance of the material. The friction wear testing machine is a key research device and has a plurality of types. The MMU-2 type high-speed end face friction wear tester produced by the domestic Jinan Yihua tester factory has the advantages of convenient and flexible control, large rotating speed adjusting range, wide load adjusting range, high automation and wide application in domestic colleges and universities.
The friction testing machine generally detects the friction performance of a test piece by simulating the working state of a friction surface, the current testing machine is generally a universal testing machine, the factors such as contact form, material type, load size, temperature and the like are mainly considered, the measurement method has a single result, the influence of the pressure of a fluid medium in a friction pair, the structure of a test sample, the surface form and the viscosity of the medium on a liquid film in the interface of the friction pair is neglected, and the commonly used medium is lubricating oil and hydraulic oil. Therefore, the influence of the load size, the structural surface form of the sample, the medium pressure and the viscosity, and different types of materials on a fluid film in the friction pair is further researched, the abrasion condition of a friction interface is monitored, and important reference can be provided for the design of the friction pair in the fluid.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a friction and wear testing machine and a testing method thereof, wherein the friction and wear testing machine can control the pressure of a fluid medium to establish a fluid lubricating film in a friction pair interface, study the influence of the load, the structural surface form of a sample, the pressure and viscosity of the medium and different materials on the fluid film in the friction pair, and realize the measurement of the friction coefficient, the vibration condition, the temperature, the pressure of the lubricating film and the leakage quantity of a friction surface through a sensor.
The invention relates to a friction wear testing machine with a medium injection and compression function, which comprises a testing machine box body, a main shaft, a hydraulic station, a hydraulic cylinder, a small hydraulic machine, a driving motor, a tension sensor, a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor, a driving motor, a rotating speed and torque meter and a rotating shaft, wherein the main shaft is arranged on the testing machine box body; the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed in the box body of the testing machine; the hydraulic station is connected with a liquid inlet of a hydraulic cylinder through a conduit, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a main shaft through a coupling I; the main shaft is provided with an integrally formed upper sample mounting disc, and the upper sample mounting disc is provided with an upper sample mounting groove; the bottom of the upper sample mounting groove is provided with m main shaft through holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and m is more than or equal to 3; the center hole of the main shaft is a main shaft liquid through hole, one end of the main shaft liquid through hole is closed, and the other end of the main shaft liquid through hole is opened at the bottom of the upper sample mounting groove; the side wall of the main shaft liquid through hole is provided with a radial hole, and the outer end of the radial hole is opened; the small hydraulic machine is fixed in the testing machine box body and is connected with the radial hole of the main shaft through a hydraulic pipe; the small hydraulic press is provided with a pressure regulating valve; one end of the tension sensor is fixed in the testing machine box body, and the other end of the tension sensor is connected with the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft through a steel wire; the steel wire is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft; the temperature sensor is fixed on the back surface of the upper sample mounting disc, and a measuring head of the temperature sensor is arranged to be flush with the front surface from the back surface of the upper sample mounting disc; the vibration sensor is fixed on the back of the upper sample mounting disc; the micro-displacement sensor is fixed in an upper sample mounting groove of the upper sample mounting disc; the driving motor is fixed in the testing machine box body; an output shaft of the driving motor is fixed with one end of a coupler II through a rotating speed torquemeter, and a rotating shaft at the other end of the coupler II is fixed; the rotating shaft and the main shaft are coaxially arranged; the rotating shaft is provided with an integrally formed lower sample mounting disc, the lower sample mounting disc is provided with n rotating shaft through holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and n is more than or equal to 3; the box is fixed in the box body of the testing machine, the main shaft and the rotating shaft penetrate through the box, and the upper sample mounting disc and the lower sample mounting disc are arranged in the box; the bottom of the box is provided with a flow guide hole, and the flow sensor is arranged at the flow guide hole; the signal output ends of the tension sensor, the micro-displacement sensor, the temperature sensor, the vibration sensor, the rotating speed and torque instrument and the flow sensor are all connected with the controller, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the controller through the reversing valve, and the reversing valve, the pressure regulating valve and the driving motor are all controlled by the controller.
Preferably, the controller is connected with the console and the display; the console is provided with a USB interface.
Preferably, the testing machine box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body; the top of the lower box body is fixed with a desktop, the bottom of the lower box body is fixed with a box body bottom plate, and the side part of the lower box body is fixed with a lower box body clapboard; the upper box body and the box are both fixed on a desktop; a box body top plate is fixed at the top of the upper box body, and an upper box body partition plate is fixed at the side part of the upper box body; the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top plate of the box body, and the small hydraulic machine and the driving motor are both fixed on the lower box body partition plate.
The test method of the friction wear testing machine with the medium injection function comprises the following specific steps:
step one, an upper sample liquid through hole and m upper sample threaded holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in an upper sample, and a lower sample threaded hole is formed in a lower sample.
Step two, connecting each upper sample threaded hole of the upper sample with each main shaft through hole of the main shaft in a one-to-one correspondence manner through a bolt, and ensuring that the main shaft liquid through hole of the main shaft is communicated with the sample liquid through hole of the upper sample; connecting each lower sample threaded hole of the lower sample with each rotating shaft through hole of the rotating shaft in a one-to-one correspondence manner through a bolt; and sealing rings are sleeved on each bolt for connecting the upper sample with the main shaft and connecting the lower sample with the rotating shaft.
And step three, starting a hydraulic pump of the hydraulic station to feed hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic cylinder, driving a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to push out, driving the main shaft and the upper sample to approach to the lower sample, and finally enabling the upper sample to tightly press the lower sample.
And step four, directly executing the step five when the lubricating liquid is not adopted, otherwise, selecting the lubricating liquid, adjusting the pressure of a pressure adjusting valve, starting the small-sized hydraulic press to supply liquid, and enabling the lubricating liquid to sequentially pass through the hydraulic pipe, the radial hole of the main shaft, the main shaft liquid through hole and the upper sample liquid through hole of the upper sample to reach a friction interface of the upper sample and the lower sample.
Step five, setting the rotating speed of a driving motor by combining a rotating speed torquemeter, starting the driving motor, and driving the lower sample and the upper sample to start relative friction;
and step six, a flow sensor measures the leakage amount of the lubricating liquid at the position of the flow guide hole of the box, a micro-displacement sensor measures the thickness of a fluid lubricating film formed in a friction pair interface in the friction and wear process, a tension sensor measures the friction force applied to an upper test sample in the friction and wear process, a vibration sensor measures the vibration of the upper test sample, a temperature sensor measures the temperature of the friction pair interface, and signals of the flow sensor, the micro-displacement sensor, the tension sensor, the vibration sensor and the temperature sensor are all transmitted to a controller for processing.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can realize the friction and wear tests with different pressures, different medium viscosities and different friction speeds, can simultaneously carry out the friction and wear tests on friction pair samples with different structural parameters, different surface morphologies and different materials, can measure the friction force, the friction coefficient of a friction interface, the thickness of a fluid lubrication film and the leakage amount of the friction pair in real time, has simple structure and convenient operation, can carry out the dry friction and wear tests of fluid lubrication friction and non-medium lubrication, and provides experimental conditions for the design of the friction pair and the evaluation and verification of the friction and wear performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the frictional wear testing machine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the casing of the testing machine of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the structure of the rotating shaft of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper sample;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower sample.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a main shaft, 1-1 parts of a main shaft liquid through hole, 1-2 parts of a main shaft through hole, 2 parts of a vibration sensor, 3 parts of a flow sensor, 4 parts of a tension sensor, 5 parts of a micro-displacement sensor, 6 parts of a temperature sensor, 7 parts of an upper sample, 7-1 parts of an upper sample liquid through hole, 7-2 parts of an upper sample threaded hole, 8 parts of a lower sample threaded hole, 9 parts of a rotating shaft, 9-1 parts of a rotating shaft through hole, 10 parts of a hydraulic station, 11 parts of a small hydraulic machine, 12 parts of a hydraulic pipe, 13 parts of a conduit, 14 parts of a display screen, 15 parts of a control console, 16 parts of a box body, 16-1 parts of a box body top plate, 16-2 parts of an upper box body partition plate, 16-3 parts of a table top, 16-4 parts of a lower box body partition plate, 16-5 parts of a box body bottom plate, 17 parts of a pressure regulating valve, 18 parts of a controller, 19 parts of a rotating speed torque instrument, 20 parts of a rotating speed torque instrument, Couplings I and 21, couplings II and 22, driving motors 23, hydraulic cylinders 24 and boxes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, a friction wear testing machine with a medium injection function comprises a testing machine box 16, a main shaft 1, a hydraulic station 10, a hydraulic cylinder 23, a small hydraulic machine 11, a driving motor 22, a tension sensor 4, a temperature sensor 6, a vibration sensor 2, a driving motor 22, a rotating speed and torque meter 19 and a rotating shaft 9; the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixed in the testing machine box body 16; the hydraulic station 10 is connected with a liquid inlet of a hydraulic cylinder 23 through a conduit 13, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is connected with the main shaft 1 through a coupler I20; the main shaft 1 is provided with an integrally formed upper sample mounting disc, and the upper sample mounting disc is provided with an upper sample mounting groove; the bottom of the upper sample mounting groove is provided with m main shaft through holes 1-2 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and m is more than or equal to 3; the central hole of the main shaft 1 is a main shaft liquid through hole 1-1, the side wall of the main shaft liquid through hole 1-1 is provided with a radial hole, and the outer end of the radial hole is opened; the small-sized hydraulic machine 11 is fixed in the testing machine box 16 and is connected with the radial hole of the main shaft 1 through a hydraulic pipe 12; the small hydraulic machine 11 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 17 for setting the liquid passing pressure of the small hydraulic machine 11 to the friction pair interface; one end of the tension sensor 4 is fixed in the testing machine box 16, and the other end of the tension sensor is connected with the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft 1 through a steel wire; the steel wire is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft 1, and the measured value of the tension sensor 4 is the friction force of the friction pair interface in the friction and wear process; the temperature sensor 6 is fixed on the back surface of the upper sample mounting disc, and a measuring head of the temperature sensor 6 is arranged to be flush with the front surface from the back surface of the upper sample mounting disc and is used for measuring the temperature of a friction pair in the friction and wear process; the vibration sensor 2 is fixed on the back of the upper sample mounting disc and used for measuring the vibration condition of the test piece in the friction and wear process; and the micro-displacement sensor 5 is fixed in an upper sample mounting groove of the upper sample mounting disc and is used for measuring the thickness of an oil film. The driving motor 22 is fixed in the testing machine box 16; an output shaft of the driving motor 22 is fixed with one end of a coupler II21 through a rotating speed torquer 19, and a rotating shaft 9 at the other end of a coupler II21 is fixed; the rotating shaft 9 is arranged coaxially with the main shaft 1; the tacho-torquer 19 is used to measure the rotational speed and torque between the shaft 9 and the drive motor 22. The rotating shaft 9 is provided with an integrally formed lower sample mounting disc, the lower sample mounting disc is provided with n rotating shaft through holes 9-1 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and n is more than or equal to 3; the box 24 is fixed in the box body 16 of the testing machine, the main shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 9 both penetrate through the box 24, and the upper sample mounting disc and the lower sample mounting disc are both arranged in the box 24; the bottom of the box 24 is provided with a flow guide hole, the flow sensor 3 is arranged at the flow guide hole, and the amount of liquid leakage of a friction interface in the friction and wear process is measured. The signal output ends of the tension sensor 4, the micro-displacement sensor 5, the temperature sensor 6, the vibration sensor 2, the rotating speed and torque instrument 19 and the flow sensor 3 are all connected with the controller 18; the hydraulic cylinder 23 is connected with the controller 18 through a reversing valve; the direction valve, the pressure regulating valve 17 and the drive motor 22 are all controlled by the controller 18.
As a preferred embodiment, the controller 18 is connected to the console 15 and the display 14; the console 15 is provided with a USB interface which can be connected with a mouse and a keyboard.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the tester case 16 includes an upper case and a lower case; the top of the lower box body is fixed with a tabletop 16-3, the bottom of the lower box body is fixed with a box body bottom plate 16-5, and the side part of the lower box body is fixed with a lower box body clapboard 16-4; the upper box body and the box 24 are both fixed on the tabletop 16-3; a box body top plate 16-1 is fixed at the top of the upper box body, and an upper box body partition plate 16-2 is fixed at the side part; the hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixed on the top plate 16-1 of the box body; the small hydraulic machine 11 and the driving motor 22 are both fixed on the lower box body partition plate 16-4.
The test method of the friction wear tester with the medium injection function is illustrated by the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
The first embodiment is as follows: the friction wear testing machine with the medium injection function has a test method for friction of an axial plunger pump friction pair (the material can adopt a glass fiber epoxy composite material or carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone) in an environment with seawater as a liquid film, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing an upper sample 7 with a smooth lower surface and a lower sample 8 with a non-smooth upper surface, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, arranging an upper sample liquid through hole 7-1 and m upper sample threaded holes 7-2 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the upper sample 7, and arranging a lower sample threaded hole 8-1 on the lower sample 8; the lower surface of the upper sample 7 and the upper surface of the lower sample 8 can be processed into different geometric shapes, surface morphologies and material types according to different experimental purposes.
Step two, correspondingly connecting each upper sample threaded hole 7-2 of the upper sample 7 with each main shaft through hole 1-2 of the main shaft 1 through a bolt one by one, and ensuring that the main shaft liquid through hole 1-1 of the main shaft 1 is communicated with the sample liquid through hole 7-1 of the upper sample 7; correspondingly connecting each lower sample threaded hole 8-1 of the lower sample 8 with each rotating shaft through hole 9-1 of the rotating shaft 9 one by one through a bolt; and sealing rings are sleeved on each bolt for connecting the upper sample 7 with the main shaft 1 and connecting the lower sample 8 with the rotating shaft 9, so that liquid is prevented from leaking from the back surface of the main shaft 1 or the rotating shaft 9.
Step three, starting a hydraulic pump of the hydraulic station 10 to feed hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic cylinder 23, driving a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 to push out, driving the main shaft 1 and the upper sample 7 to approach to the lower sample 8, and finally enabling the upper sample 7 to tightly press the lower sample 8; different pressing forces of the upper test piece 7 and the lower test piece 8 can be realized by setting different pressures of the hydraulic pumps.
Selecting seawater (selected according to experimental requirements) as lubricating liquid, adjusting the pressure of a pressure regulating valve 17, starting a small-sized hydraulic press 11 to supply liquid, and enabling the lubricating liquid to reach a friction interface of an upper sample and a lower sample through a hydraulic pipe 12, a radial hole of a main shaft, a main shaft liquid through hole 1-1 and an upper sample liquid through hole 7-1 of the upper sample 7 in sequence; different fluid pressures in the friction interface can be realized by setting a pressure regulating valve to regulate different pressures of the small hydraulic machine 11.
Step five, setting the rotating speed of the driving motor 22 by combining the rotating speed torquemeter 19, starting the driving motor 22, and driving the lower sample 8 and the upper sample 7 to start to rub relatively;
step six, the flow sensor 3 measures the leakage amount of the lubricating liquid at the position of the flow guide hole of the box 24, the micro-displacement sensor 5 measures the thickness of the fluid lubricating film formed in the interface of the friction pair in the friction and wear process, the tension sensor 4 measures the friction force applied to the upper test sample in the friction and wear process (the friction force can reflect the thickness condition of the fluid film in the friction pair), the vibration sensor 2 measures the vibration of the upper test sample, the temperature sensor 6 measures the temperature of the interface of the friction pair, and the signals of the flow sensor 3, the micro-displacement sensor 5, the tension sensor 4, the vibration sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 6 are all transmitted to the controller for processing. The controller analyzes and evaluates the results of the frictional wear of the upper and lower test specimens 7 and 8 based on the processed signals.
Example two: the friction wear testing machine with the medium injection function has the following specific steps of:
step one, preparing an upper sample 7 and a lower sample 8 which are made of stainless steel and have smooth surfaces, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, forming an upper sample liquid through hole 7-1 and m upper sample threaded holes 7-2 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the upper sample 7, and forming a lower sample threaded hole 8-1 on the lower sample 8.
Step two, correspondingly connecting each upper sample threaded hole 7-2 of the upper sample 7 with each main shaft through hole 1-2 of the main shaft 1 through a bolt one by one, and ensuring that the main shaft liquid through hole 1-1 of the main shaft 1 is communicated with the sample liquid through hole 7-1 of the upper sample 7; correspondingly connecting each lower sample threaded hole 8-1 of the lower sample 8 with each rotating shaft through hole 9-1 of the rotating shaft 9 one by one through a bolt; and sealing rings are sleeved on each bolt for connecting the upper sample 7 with the main shaft 1 and connecting the lower sample 8 with the rotating shaft 9, so that liquid is prevented from leaking from the back surface of the main shaft 1 or the rotating shaft 9.
Step three, starting a hydraulic pump of the hydraulic station 10 to feed hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic cylinder 23, driving a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 to push out, driving the main shaft 1 and the upper sample 7 to approach to the lower sample 8, and finally enabling the upper sample 7 to tightly press the lower sample 8; different pressing forces of the upper test piece 7 and the lower test piece 8 can be realized by setting different pressures of the hydraulic pumps.
Selecting hydraulic oil as lubricating liquid, adjusting the pressure of a pressure adjusting valve 17, starting the small-sized hydraulic press 11 to supply liquid, and enabling the lubricating liquid to sequentially pass through a hydraulic pipe 12, a radial hole of a main shaft, a main shaft liquid through hole 1-1 and an upper sample liquid through hole 7-1 of an upper sample 7 to reach a friction interface of the upper sample and a lower sample; different fluid pressures in the friction interface can be realized by setting a pressure regulating valve to regulate different pressures of the small hydraulic machine 11.
Step five, setting the rotating speed of the driving motor 22 by combining the rotating speed torquemeter 19, starting the driving motor 22, and driving the lower sample 8 and the upper sample 7 to start to rub relatively;
step six, the flow sensor 3 measures the leakage amount of the lubricating liquid at the position of the flow guide hole of the box 24, the micro-displacement sensor 5 measures the thickness of the fluid lubricating film formed in a friction pair interface in the friction and wear process, the tension sensor 4 measures the friction force applied to an upper test sample in the friction and wear process, the vibration sensor 2 measures the vibration of the upper test sample, the temperature sensor 6 measures the temperature of the friction pair interface, and signals of the flow sensor 3, the micro-displacement sensor 5, the tension sensor 4, the vibration sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 6 are all transmitted to the controller for processing. The controller analyzes and evaluates the results of the frictional wear of the upper and lower test specimens 7 and 8 based on the processed signals.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a friction wear testing machine with medium is annotated and is pressed function, includes test machine box, main shaft, hydraulic pressure station, pneumatic cylinder, driving motor and pivot, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a small-sized hydraulic press, a tension sensor, a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor, a driving motor and a rotating speed and torque instrument; the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed in the box body of the testing machine; the hydraulic station is connected with a liquid inlet of a hydraulic cylinder through a conduit, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a main shaft through a coupling I; the main shaft is provided with an integrally formed upper sample mounting disc, and the upper sample mounting disc is provided with an upper sample mounting groove; the bottom of the upper sample mounting groove is provided with m main shaft through holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and m is more than or equal to 3; the center hole of the main shaft is a main shaft liquid through hole, one end of the main shaft liquid through hole is closed, and the other end of the main shaft liquid through hole is opened at the bottom of the upper sample mounting groove; the side wall of the main shaft liquid through hole is provided with a radial hole, and the outer end of the radial hole is opened; the small hydraulic machine is fixed in the testing machine box body and is connected with the radial hole of the main shaft through a hydraulic pipe; the small hydraulic press is provided with a pressure regulating valve; one end of the tension sensor is fixed in the testing machine box body, and the other end of the tension sensor is connected with the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft through a steel wire; the steel wire is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft; the temperature sensor is fixed on the back surface of the upper sample mounting disc, and a measuring head of the temperature sensor is arranged to be flush with the front surface from the back surface of the upper sample mounting disc; the vibration sensor is fixed on the back of the upper sample mounting disc; the micro-displacement sensor is fixed in an upper sample mounting groove of the upper sample mounting disc; the driving motor is fixed in the testing machine box body; an output shaft of the driving motor is fixed with one end of a coupler II through a rotating speed torquemeter, and a rotating shaft at the other end of the coupler II is fixed; the rotating shaft and the main shaft are coaxially arranged; the rotating shaft is provided with an integrally formed lower sample mounting disc, the lower sample mounting disc is provided with n rotating shaft through holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and n is more than or equal to 3; the box is fixed in the box body of the testing machine, the main shaft and the rotating shaft penetrate through the box, and the upper sample mounting disc and the lower sample mounting disc are arranged in the box; the bottom of the box is provided with a flow guide hole, and the flow sensor is arranged at the flow guide hole; the signal output ends of the tension sensor, the micro-displacement sensor, the temperature sensor, the vibration sensor, the rotating speed and torque instrument and the flow sensor are all connected with the controller, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the controller through the reversing valve, and the reversing valve, the pressure regulating valve and the driving motor are all controlled by the controller.
2. The frictional wear testing machine with the medium injection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the controller is connected with the console and the display; the console is provided with a USB interface.
3. The frictional wear testing machine with the medium injection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the box body of the testing machine comprises an upper box body and a lower box body; the top of the lower box body is fixed with a desktop, the bottom of the lower box body is fixed with a box body bottom plate, and the side part of the lower box body is fixed with a lower box body clapboard; the upper box body and the box are both fixed on a desktop; a box body top plate is fixed at the top of the upper box body, and an upper box body partition plate is fixed at the side part of the upper box body; the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top plate of the box body, and the small hydraulic machine and the driving motor are both fixed on the lower box body partition plate.
4. A test method of a frictional wear tester having a medium injection function according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, an upper sample is provided with an upper sample liquid through hole and m upper sample threaded holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and a lower sample is provided with a lower sample threaded hole;
step two, connecting each upper sample threaded hole of the upper sample with each main shaft through hole of the main shaft in a one-to-one correspondence manner through a bolt, and ensuring that the main shaft liquid through hole of the main shaft is communicated with the sample liquid through hole of the upper sample; connecting each lower sample threaded hole of the lower sample with each rotating shaft through hole of the rotating shaft in a one-to-one correspondence manner through a bolt; sealing rings are sleeved on each bolt for connecting the upper sample and the main shaft and connecting the lower sample and the rotating shaft;
step three, starting a hydraulic pump of the hydraulic station to feed hydraulic fluid to a hydraulic cylinder, driving a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to push out, driving a main shaft and an upper sample to approach a lower sample, and finally enabling the upper sample to tightly press the lower sample;
step four, directly executing the step five when the lubricating liquid is not adopted, otherwise, selecting the lubricating liquid, adjusting the pressure of a pressure adjusting valve, starting the small-sized hydraulic press to supply liquid, and enabling the lubricating liquid to sequentially pass through a hydraulic pipe, a radial hole of the main shaft, a main shaft liquid through hole and an upper sample liquid through hole of the upper sample to reach a friction interface of the upper sample and the lower sample;
step five, setting the rotating speed of a driving motor by combining a rotating speed torquemeter, starting the driving motor, and driving the lower sample and the upper sample to start relative friction;
and step six, a flow sensor measures the leakage amount of the lubricating liquid at the position of the flow guide hole of the box, a micro-displacement sensor measures the thickness of a fluid lubricating film formed in a friction pair interface in the friction and wear process, a tension sensor measures the friction force applied to an upper test sample in the friction and wear process, a vibration sensor measures the vibration of the upper test sample, a temperature sensor measures the temperature of the friction pair interface, and signals of the flow sensor, the micro-displacement sensor, the tension sensor, the vibration sensor and the temperature sensor are all transmitted to a controller for processing.
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