CN109001065B - Testing device and testing method for vibration noise and frictional wear performance of texture friction pair - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method for vibration noise and frictional wear performance of texture friction pair Download PDFInfo
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- CN109001065B CN109001065B CN201810481121.0A CN201810481121A CN109001065B CN 109001065 B CN109001065 B CN 109001065B CN 201810481121 A CN201810481121 A CN 201810481121A CN 109001065 B CN109001065 B CN 109001065B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing vibration noise and frictional wear performance of a texture friction pair. The existing friction wear testing machine often ignores the detection of vibration and noise in the friction wear process of the friction pair. The device comprises a driving device, a load loading device, a pressure kettle, a hydraulic system, a detection system and a computer control system. The test method comprises the following steps: assembling a friction pair, pumping seawater into the detection cavity, detecting according to a seawater infiltration mode, and disassembling the friction pair; preliminarily screening out a texture matching scheme with the functions of reducing friction and vibration through a seawater infiltration mode, and sequentially pressing a seawater detection mode for detection; and sequentially carrying out a comprehensive judgment mode on the residual matching schemes of which the abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample, the abrasion loss of the lower end surface sample, the vibration and the noise do not reach the threshold values. The invention provides a plurality of detection modes, so that the matched texture morphology screening is more scientific and efficient, and the design of the texture can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of friction pair detection, in particular to a device and a method for testing vibration noise and frictional wear performance of a texture friction pair.
Background
The distribution pair serving as a key friction pair of the low-speed large-torque water hydraulic motor is very easy to corrode and wear because the distribution pair works in a seawater and heavy-load environment, so that the distribution pair is out of work, and the normal use and the service life of the water hydraulic motor are seriously influenced. According to the research of experts in domestic and foreign fields, the use performance of the material can be effectively improved by adding the texture on the surface of the friction pair mating material, a pit unit in the texture can store partial seawater, and the seawater in the pit can be coated on the friction surface in the working process, so that the lubricating condition is improved; meanwhile, local dynamic pressure support can be formed at the pit unit body, so that the bearing characteristic of the pit unit body is improved; in addition, the pit units can store granular abrasive particles in a seawater medium, so that the abrasive particles are prevented from being brought to a friction surface, and the tribological performance is improved.
In the process of developing a matched friction pair material, in order to evaluate the frictional wear performance of the used material and the abrasion resistance and lubrication performance of a texture, a frictional wear performance test is required to ensure the reliability of a product in the using process. The frictional wear of the material is not only related to the properties of the material itself, but also has a great relationship with the environment. Some researchers improve a common friction and abrasion tester, such as an MMU-10 screen display type end surface abrasion tester, in the form of end surface sliding friction, under the condition of oil immersion and lubrication, so as to detect the friction coefficient and the abrasion loss of a material, but the practical use condition of a key friction pair of a water hydraulic motor under the condition of pressure seawater immersion is difficult to simulate. At present, the tribology characteristic information measured by a friction and wear testing machine, such as friction coefficient, wear loss and wear surface appearance, needs to preset time and cut off time, and the detection can be finished. For the design of the micro-texture of the mating material, the state of the material at the moment of severe conditions such as strong vibration, cavitation and the like is more valuable. The vibration noise is generated in the friction and wear process of the friction pair, and contains tribology information and dynamics information reflecting the change of the friction and wear state of the friction pair, so the vibration noise is very important characteristic information for researching the tribology performance of materials, but the existing friction and wear testing machine usually ignores the detection of the vibration noise and needs special testing equipment for testing the friction and wear performance and the vibration noise in the detection process on line.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the vibration noise and the frictional wear performance of a texture friction pair in a pressure seawater lubrication environment and under a heavy load condition.
The device for testing the vibration noise and the frictional wear performance of the texture friction pair comprises a driving device, a load loading device, a pressure kettle, a hydraulic system, a detection system and a computer control system. The driving device comprises a first servo motor; an output shaft of the first servo motor is connected with one end of a rotating shaft through a first coupler, and the other end of the rotating shaft is provided with a clamp; the clamp clamps the outer wall of the sample fixing disc; the load loading device comprises a second servo motor; an output shaft of the second servo motor is connected with the screw rod through a second coupler, and the screw cap and the screw rod form a screw pair; the end face of the tail end of the load loading shaft is contacted with a nut; two bosses which are integrally formed and symmetrical about the central axis of the load loading shaft are arranged on the end surface of the load loading shaft head.
The pressure kettle comprises a pressure kettle chamber, a pressure kettle side door, a piston and a high-pressure-resistant dynamic sealing ring. The pressure kettle chamber is provided with a pressure kettle side door which can be opened and closed; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged at the position of the side door of the pressure kettle in the pressure kettle chamber, or the O-shaped sealing ring is arranged on the side door of the pressure kettle; the piston and the high pressure resistant dynamic sealing ring divide the inner cavity of the pressure kettle chamber into a pressurizing cavity and a detection cavity. The rotating shaft and the load loading shaft are arranged on two opposite sides of the detection cavity, the rotating shaft is supported on the pressure kettle chamber through a bearing, and the load loading shaft and the pressure kettle chamber form a sliding pair; sealing elements are arranged between the rotating shaft and the wall surface of the detection cavity and between the load loading shaft and the wall surface of the detection cavity; the rotating shaft and the load loading shaft are coaxially arranged; the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity are both provided with a water filling port.
The hydraulic system comprises a first stop valve, a second stop valve, a pilot overflow valve, a third stop valve, a pressure gauge, a pump motor set, a water tank and a safety valve. The output port of a water pump in the pump motor set is connected with one end of a first stop valve, a second stop valve and a third stop valve through a one-way valve, the other end of the first stop valve is connected with a water filling port of the detection cavity, the other end of the second stop valve is connected with a water filling port of the pressurization cavity, and the other end of the third stop valve is connected with a water tank; a pressure gauge is arranged at the output port of the one-way valve; one path of the output port of the one-way valve is communicated with the water tank through the pilot-operated overflow valve, and the other path of the output port of the one-way valve is communicated with the water tank through the safety valve.
The detection system comprises a torque sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor, a noise sensor and an online seawater detector; the temperature sensor and the noise sensor are both arranged in the detection cavity. The torque sensor measures the torque of an output shaft of the first servo motor, and the pressure sensor measures the load applied by the nut to the outer end face of the load loading shaft; the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the lower end surface sample, and the vibration sensor measures the vibration of the lower end surface sample; the noise sensor measures the noise when the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample are rubbed; the online seawater detector is used for detecting particle components and corresponding particle content generated by abrasion of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample in seawater, and further detecting abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample. The on-line seawater detector also detects the pH value and salinity of the seawater.
The computer control system consists of a data acquisition instrument and a computer. The data acquisition instrument receives data acquired by the torque sensor, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the vibration sensor, the noise sensor and the online seawater detector and transmits the data to the computer; the computer controls the first servo motor and the second servo motor.
The clamping groove of the clamp is hemispherical.
And a filter is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water pump and the water tank in the pump motor set.
The testing method of the device for testing the vibration noise and the frictional wear performance of the texture friction pair comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, opening a side door of a pressure kettle; the rear part of the upper end surface test sample is embedded into the sample fixing disk, and the clamp clamps the outer wall of the sample fixing disk; and two positioning holes of the lower end surface sample are respectively sleeved on the bosses corresponding to the load loading shafts. And starting the second servo motor to compress the upper end face test sample and the lower end face test sample, and closing a side door of the pressure kettle. The first stop valve is opened, the second stop valve and the third stop valve are closed at the same time, and the computer sets the opening pressure of the pilot overflow valve to be 0.35-0.5 MPa; and starting the pump motor set to pump seawater into the detection cavity, and closing the first stop valve and the pump motor set after the detection cavity is fully pumped.
And step two, detecting according to a seawater infiltration mode.
Setting the rotating speed of the first servo motor by a computer, setting the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft by the nut according to data measured by a pressure sensor, and setting the opposite grinding time by setting the rotating time of the first servo motor; starting a first servo motor, carrying out sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample, transmitting the measured data to a data acquisition instrument by each sensor and the line seawater detector, transmitting the data to a computer by the data acquisition instrument, and displaying a relation graph of temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient, abrasion loss and time and the salinity and pH value of seawater by a computer display. The friction coefficient is obtained by calculating friction according to the torque measured by the torque sensor and combining the load measured by the pressure sensor.
And step three, closing the pump motor set, opening the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the third stop valve, enabling seawater in the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity to flow back into the water tank, opening a side door of the pressure kettle after the seawater in the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity is exhausted, loosening the clamp, and taking out the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample.
Step four, firstly, obtaining the relation between the vibration acceleration, the noise sound pressure and the abrasion loss and the time after the step one, the step two and the step three are carried out on the matching scheme of the non-texture contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample; and then, sequentially carrying out the first step, the second step and the third step on various matching schemes of different texture appearances and different upper and lower end surface test sample textures, wherein the vibration acceleration and the noise sound pressure mean value in a detection time period are smaller than those of the upper and lower end surface test sample contact surface non-texture matching scheme, and the final abrasion loss is smaller than that of the upper and lower end surface test sample contact surface non-texture matching scheme, so that the texture matching scheme with the functions of reducing abrasion and reducing vibration is preliminarily screened out through a seawater infiltration mode.
And step five, detecting the pairing schemes screened out in the step four according to the sequential pressing force seawater detection mode. The detection process in the pressure seawater detection mode is as follows:
firstly, executing the step one, then opening a second stop valve, and setting the opening pressure of a pilot overflow valve to be 55MPa by a computer; setting a relation between the rotating speed of the first servo motor and the change of the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft by the nut along with time by a computer, wherein the change value of the rotating speed per second is 0.02-0.06 of the initial rotating speed, the change rate of the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft by the nut is 0.12-0.16 MPa/s, the abrasion loss of an upper end face sample, the abrasion loss of a lower end face sample, vibration and noise indexes are set as the basis for detection ending, and threshold values are set for each index; starting a pump motor set to pump the pressurizing cavity with seawater, and transmitting the pressure to the detection cavity by the high-pressure seawater through a piston; starting a first servo motor, carrying out sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample, transmitting the measured data to a data acquisition instrument by each sensor and the line seawater detector, processing the data by the data acquisition instrument, transmitting the data to a computer, and displaying a relation graph of temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient, abrasion loss and time and the salinity and pH value of seawater by a computer display. Stopping detection when one index exceeds a threshold value; and if all the indexes do not exceed the threshold value, stopping detection when the rotation time of the first servo motor reaches a set value. And finally, executing the third step.
And after the pairing scheme screened out in the step four sequentially presses the seawater detection mode for detection, sequentially performing a step six on the remaining pairing schemes of which the abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample, the abrasion loss of the lower end surface sample, vibration and noise do not reach threshold values.
And step six, a comprehensive evaluation mode.
Firstly, executing the step one, then opening a second stop valve, and setting the opening pressure of a pilot overflow valve to be 45MPa by a computer; the computer sets the relation between the rotating speed of the first servo motor and the change of the load applied by the nut to the outer end face of the load loading shaft along with the time, the change value of the rotating speed per second is 0.01-0.02 of the initial rotating speed, the change rate of the load applied by the nut to the outer end face of the load loading shaft is 0.08-0.1 MPa/s, the rotating time of the first servo motor and the weighting proportional coefficients of the abrasion loss, the friction coefficient, the vibration and the noise are set, and the sum of the weighting proportional coefficients is 1. The pump motor set is started to pump the pressurizing cavity with seawater, the first servo motor is started to perform sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample, the sensors and the online seawater detector transmit the measured data to the data acquisition instrument, the data are transmitted to the computer after being processed by the data acquisition instrument, and the computer display displays a relation graph of temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient and abrasion loss with time; and establishing an evaluation function for the detected abrasion loss, the friction coefficient, the vibration and the noise according to respective weighting scale coefficients, and evaluating the service performance of the pairing scheme. And finally, executing the third step.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device has simple structure and can display the test result in real time; the friction pair is completely positioned in the seawater, the load application can be more accurate through the combination of the servo motor and the lead screw, the load, the rotating speed and the seawater pressure can be changed in the detection process, the use environment is approximately simulated really, and the measurement result has higher reference value; the invention not only completes the detection of the friction coefficient and the abrasion loss of the traditional friction abrasion tester, but also realizes the dynamic measurement of the abrasion loss through the online liquid seawater detector under the condition of not damaging the pairing relation, and the accuracy of the test result is higher; the detection of frictional vibrations and noise is achieved by vibration and noise sensors. The invention provides a plurality of detection modes, so that the matched texture morphology screening is more scientific and efficient, and the design of the texture can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a top end face sample used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a lower end face test employed in the present invention;
1. a computer control system; 2. a side door of the pressure kettle; 3. a temperature sensor; 4. a load-loading shaft; 5. a torque sensor; 6. a first servo motor; 7. a first coupling; 8. a rotating shaft; 9. a clamp; 10. a sample fixing disc; 11. an upper end face sample; 12. a lower end face sample; 13. a noise sensor; 14. a piston; 15. a pressure kettle chamber; 16. a high pressure resistant dynamic seal ring; 17. a first shut-off valve; 18. a second stop valve; 19. a pilot operated relief valve; 20. a third stop valve; 21. a pressure gauge; 22. a pump motor group; 23. a water tank; 24. a filter; 25. a safety valve; 26. a second servo motor; 27. a second coupling; 28. a lead screw; 29. a nut; 30. a pressure sensor; 31. a vibration sensor; 32. an on-line seawater detector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the testing device for the vibration noise and frictional wear performance of the texture friction pair comprises a driving device, a load loading device, a pressure kettle, a hydraulic system, a detection system and a computer control system 1.
The driving means comprise a first servomotor 6; an output shaft of the first servo motor 6 is connected with one end of a rotating shaft 8 through a first coupler 7, and a clamp 9 is arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft 8; the rear part of the upper end surface sample 11 is embedded into the sample fixing disc 10, and the clamp 9 clamps the outer wall of the sample fixing disc; the clamping groove of the clamp is hemispherical and used for automatically aligning, so that the upper end surface sample 11 can be in uniform contact with the lower end surface sample 12.
The load loading means comprises a second servo motor 26; an output shaft of the second servo motor 26 is connected with a screw rod 28 through a second coupling 27, and a screw nut 29 and the screw rod 28 form a screw pair; the end surface of the tail end of the load loading shaft 4 is contacted with a nut 29; the end face of the head end of the load loading shaft 4 is provided with two bosses which are integrally formed and symmetrical about the central axis of the load loading shaft, and two positioning holes of the lower end face sample 12 are respectively sleeved on the corresponding bosses to realize positioning.
The autoclave comprises an autoclave chamber 15, an autoclave side door 2, a piston 14 and a high pressure resistant dynamic seal ring 16. The pressure kettle chamber 15 is provided with a pressure kettle side door 2 which can be opened and closed; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged at the position of the pressure kettle side door of the pressure kettle chamber 15, or an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged on the pressure kettle side door 2; before detection, opening a side door of the pressure kettle, mounting upper and lower end surface samples, and closing the side door of the pressure kettle during the detection; the piston 14 is sleeved with the high-pressure resistant dynamic sealing ring 16, and the piston 14 and the high-pressure resistant dynamic sealing ring 16 divide the inner cavity of the pressure kettle chamber into a pressurizing cavity and a detection cavity. The rotating shaft 8 and the load loading shaft 4 are arranged on two opposite sides of the detection cavity, the rotating shaft 8 is supported on the pressure kettle chamber 15 through a bearing, and the load loading shaft 4 and the pressure kettle chamber 15 form a sliding pair; sealing treatment (for example, arranging a dynamic sealing ring) is carried out between the rotating shaft 8 and the load loading shaft 4 and between the wall surfaces of the detection cavity; the rotating shaft 8 is arranged coaxially with the load loading shaft 4; the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity are both provided with a water filling port for pumping seawater. The piston needs to be pressurized by pushing, and seawater without pressure is injected into the pressurizing cavity or the detection cavity to push the piston.
The hydraulic system comprises a first stop valve 17, a second stop valve 18, a pilot overflow valve 19, a third stop valve 20, a pressure gauge 21, a pump motor group 22, a water tank 23, a filter 24 and a safety valve 25. A filter 24 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a water pump and a water tank 23 in the pump motor group 22; an output port of a water pump in the pump motor set 22 is connected with one ends of a first stop valve 17, a second stop valve 18 and a third stop valve 20 through one-way valves, the other end of the first stop valve 17 is connected with a water filling port of the detection cavity, the other end of the second stop valve 18 is connected with a water filling port of the pressurization cavity, and the other end of the third stop valve 20 is connected with a water tank; a pressure gauge 21 is arranged at the output port of the one-way valve; one path of the output port of the one-way valve is communicated with the water tank through a pilot-operated overflow valve 19, and the other path of the output port of the one-way valve is communicated with the water tank through a safety valve 25; the relief valve is used to define the highest pressure of the hydraulic system.
The detection system comprises a torque sensor 5, a pressure sensor 30, a temperature sensor 3, a vibration sensor 31, a noise sensor 13 and an online seawater detector 32; both the temperature sensor 3 and the noise sensor 13 are disposed in the detection chamber. The torque sensor 5 measures the torque of the output shaft of the first servo motor, and the pressure sensor 30 measures the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft 4 by the nut 29; calculating friction force according to the torque measured by the torque sensor 5, and then calculating a friction coefficient by combining the load measured by the pressure sensor; the temperature sensor 3 measures the temperature of the lower end surface sample, and the vibration sensor 31 measures the vibration of the lower end surface sample, so that the real temperature and vibration condition of the friction pair are detected; the noise sensor 13 measures the noise generated when the upper end surface and the lower end surface test samples rub, and compared with an external noise sensor, the noise sensor effectively isolates the external environmental noise such as a motor, a seawater pump and the like; the online seawater detector 32 is used for detecting particle components and corresponding particle contents (the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample are different in material and therefore different in particle components) generated by abrasion of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample in seawater, and further detecting abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample, and then obtaining exact abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample through a precision electronic balance, and further verifying data obtained by the online seawater detector. The online seawater detector 32 can also detect the pH value and salinity of seawater, and further detect the vibration noise and frictional wear performance of the friction pair under different pH values and salinity by combining the noise sensor 13. All sensors are wireless connection sensors, and the temperature sensor, the vibration sensor, the noise sensor and the online seawater detector have high pressure resistance.
The computer control system 1 consists of a data acquisition instrument and a computer. The data acquisition instrument receives data acquired by the torque sensor 5, the pressure sensor 30, the temperature sensor 3, the vibration sensor 31, the noise sensor 13 and the online seawater detector 32, and transmits the data to the computer after processing; the computer controls the first servomotor 6 and the second servomotor 26.
The testing method of the device for testing the vibration noise and the frictional wear performance of the texture friction pair comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, opening a side door 2 of a pressure kettle; the rear part of the upper end surface sample is embedded into the sample fixing disk, and a clamp 9 clamps the outer wall of the sample fixing disk 10; two positioning holes of the lower end surface sample are respectively sleeved on the bosses corresponding to the load loading shaft 4. And starting the second servo motor to compress the upper end face test sample and the lower end face test sample, and closing the side door 2 of the pressure kettle. The first stop valve 17 is opened, the second stop valve 18 and the third stop valve 20 are closed at the same time, and the computer sets the opening pressure of the pilot overflow valve 19 to be 0.5 MPa; the pump motor set is started to pump seawater into the detection cavity, and the first stop valve 17 and the pump motor set 22 are closed after the detection cavity is fully pumped.
And step two, detecting according to a seawater infiltration mode.
The rotating speed of the first servo motor 6 is set by a computer, the magnitude of a load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft 4 by the nut 29 is set by data measured by the pressure sensor 30, and the grinding time is set by setting the rotating time of the first servo motor 6; the first servo motor 6 is started to carry out sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample, the measured data are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument by the sensors and the line seawater detector 32, the data are transmitted to the computer after being processed by the data acquisition instrument, and the computer display displays the relation graph of temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient, abrasion loss and time and the salinity and PH value of seawater.
And step three, closing the pump motor set 22, opening the first stop valve 17, the second stop valve 18 and the third stop valve 20, enabling seawater in the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity to flow back into the water tank, opening the side door 2 of the pressure kettle after the seawater in the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity is exhausted, loosening the clamp 9, and taking out the samples on the upper end surface and the lower end surface.
Step four, firstly, obtaining the relation between the vibration acceleration, the noise sound pressure and the abrasion loss and the time after the step one, the step two and the step three are carried out on the matching scheme of the non-texture contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample; and then, sequentially carrying out the first step, the second step and the third step on various matching schemes with different texture appearances and different upper and lower end surface sample textures, wherein the vibration acceleration and the noise sound pressure mean value in a detection time period are smaller than those of the upper and lower end surface sample contact surface non-texture matching scheme, and the final abrasion loss is smaller than that of the upper and lower end surface sample contact surface non-texture matching scheme, so that the texture matching scheme with the functions of abrasion reduction and vibration reduction is preliminarily screened out through a seawater infiltration mode.
And step five, detecting the pairing schemes screened out in the step four according to the sequential pressing force seawater detection mode. The detection process in the pressure seawater detection mode is as follows:
firstly, executing the step one, then opening the second stop valve 18, and setting the opening pressure of the pilot-operated overflow valve 19 to be 55MPa by the computer; the computer sets the relation between the rotation speed of the first servo motor 6 and the time-varying load (determined by the outlet pressure of the water pump in the pump motor group 22) applied to the outer end surface of the load loading shaft 4 by the nut 29, sets the abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample, the abrasion loss of the lower end surface sample, vibration and noise indexes as the basis for detection termination, and sets a threshold value for each index before detection; starting a pump motor set 22 to pump the pressurizing cavity with seawater, and transmitting the pressure to the detection cavity by the high-pressure seawater through a piston; the first servo motor 6 is started to carry out sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample, the measured data are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument by the sensors and the line seawater detector 32, the data are transmitted to the computer after being processed by the data acquisition instrument, and the computer display displays the relation graph of temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient, abrasion loss and time and the salinity and PH value of seawater. Stopping detection when one index exceeds a threshold value; if all the indexes do not exceed the threshold value, the detection is stopped when the rotation time of the first servo motor 6 reaches the set value. And finally, executing the third step.
The mode detects the performance of the material by simulating the extreme use environment of the material, and the rotating speed, the applied load and the pressure of the pressurizing cavity all change greatly along with the time. The change of the rotating speed and the load can increase the vibration of the friction pair, and the sharp change of the pressure of the pressurizing cavity can excite the generation of cavitation erosion. Cavitation is a common surface damage form of a water hydraulic motor, and can generate large vibration and noise when occurring, whether cavitation occurs or not is judged through the detected vibration and noise, and therefore the influence of cavitation on materials is observed, and texture design is optimized according to a detection result. When the abrasion loss reaches a certain value, the material does not have use value any more, so that continuous detection is not needed, and the influence of severe environment on the service life of the friction pair pairing material can be detected.
And after the pairing scheme screened out in the step four sequentially presses the seawater detection mode for detection, sequentially performing a step six on the remaining pairing schemes of which the abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample, the abrasion loss of the lower end surface sample, vibration and noise do not reach threshold values.
And step six, a comprehensive evaluation mode.
Firstly, executing the step one, then opening the second stop valve 18, and setting the opening pressure of the pilot-operated overflow valve 19 to be 45MPa by the computer; the computer sets the relationship between the rotation speed of the first servo motor 6 and the change with time of the load applied to the outer end face of the load application shaft 4 by the nut 29 (a comprehensive evaluation model simulates a real use environment, in which the rotation speed of the first servo motor 6 and the change with time of the load applied to the outer end face of the load application shaft 4 by the nut 29 change slightly within a certain range), and sets the rotation time of the first servo motor 6 and the weighting proportionality coefficients of the wear amount, the friction coefficient, the vibration and the noise, and the sum of the weighting proportionality coefficients is 1. The pump motor set 22 is started to pump the pressurizing cavity with seawater, the first servo motor 6 is started to perform sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample, the sensors and the line seawater detector 32 transmit the measured data to the data acquisition instrument, the data are transmitted to the computer after being processed by the data acquisition instrument, the computer display displays a temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient and a relation graph of the wear loss and time, and finally, an evaluation function is established for the detected wear loss, friction coefficient, vibration and noise according to respective weighting scale coefficients for judging the use performance of the pairing scheme. And finally, executing the third step.
Claims (4)
1. The testing device for the vibration noise and the frictional wear performance of the texture friction pair comprises a driving device, a load loading device, a pressure kettle, a hydraulic system, a detection system and a computer control system, and is characterized in that: the driving device comprises a first servo motor; an output shaft of the first servo motor is connected with one end of a rotating shaft through a first coupler, and the other end of the rotating shaft is provided with a clamp; the clamp clamps the outer wall of the sample fixing disc; the load loading device comprises a second servo motor; an output shaft of the second servo motor is connected with the screw rod through a second coupler, and the screw cap and the screw rod form a screw pair; the end face of the tail end of the load loading shaft is contacted with a nut; the end face of the load loading shaft head is provided with two bosses which are integrally formed and symmetrical about the central axis of the load loading shaft;
the pressure kettle comprises a pressure kettle chamber, a pressure kettle side door, a piston and a high-pressure-resistant dynamic sealing ring; the pressure kettle chamber is provided with a pressure kettle side door which can be opened and closed; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged at the position of the side door of the pressure kettle in the pressure kettle chamber, or the O-shaped sealing ring is arranged on the side door of the pressure kettle; the piston and the high-pressure resistant dynamic sealing ring divide the inner cavity of the pressure kettle chamber into a pressurizing cavity and a detection cavity; the rotating shaft and the load loading shaft are arranged on two opposite sides of the detection cavity, the rotating shaft is supported on the pressure kettle chamber through a bearing, and the load loading shaft and the pressure kettle chamber form a sliding pair; sealing elements are arranged between the rotating shaft and the wall surface of the detection cavity and between the load loading shaft and the wall surface of the detection cavity; the rotating shaft and the load loading shaft are coaxially arranged; the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity are both provided with a water filling port;
the hydraulic system comprises a first stop valve, a second stop valve, a pilot overflow valve, a third stop valve, a pressure gauge, a pump motor set, a water tank and a safety valve; the output port of a water pump in the pump motor set is connected with one end of a first stop valve, a second stop valve and a third stop valve through a one-way valve, the other end of the first stop valve is connected with a water filling port of the detection cavity, the other end of the second stop valve is connected with a water filling port of the pressurization cavity, and the other end of the third stop valve is connected with a water tank; a pressure gauge is arranged at the output port of the one-way valve; one path of the output port of the one-way valve is communicated with the water tank through a pilot-operated overflow valve, and the other path of the output port of the one-way valve is communicated with the water tank through a safety valve;
the detection system comprises a torque sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor, a noise sensor and an online seawater detector; the temperature sensor and the noise sensor are both arranged in the detection cavity; the torque sensor measures the torque of an output shaft of the first servo motor, and the pressure sensor measures the load applied by the nut to the outer end face of the load loading shaft; the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the lower end surface sample, and the vibration sensor measures the vibration of the lower end surface sample; the noise sensor measures the noise when the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample are rubbed; the online seawater detector is used for detecting particle components and corresponding particle content generated by abrasion of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample in seawater, and further detecting abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample and the lower end surface sample; the online seawater detector also detects the pH value and salinity of the seawater;
the computer control system consists of a data acquisition instrument and a computer; the data acquisition instrument receives data acquired by the torque sensor, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the vibration sensor, the noise sensor and the online seawater detector and transmits the data to the computer; the computer controls the first servo motor and the second servo motor.
2. The device for testing the vibration noise and the frictional wear performance of the textured friction pair according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping groove of the clamp is hemispherical.
3. The device for testing the vibration noise and the frictional wear performance of the textured friction pair according to claim 1, wherein: and a filter is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water pump and the water tank in the pump motor set.
4. The testing method of the device for testing the vibration noise and the frictional wear performance of the texture friction pair according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, opening a side door of a pressure kettle; the rear part of the upper end surface test sample is embedded into the sample fixing disk, and the clamp clamps the outer wall of the sample fixing disk; two positioning holes of the lower end surface sample are respectively sleeved on the bosses corresponding to the load loading shafts; starting a second servo motor to compress the upper end face test sample and the lower end face test sample, and closing a side door of the pressure kettle; the first stop valve is opened, the second stop valve and the third stop valve are closed at the same time, and the computer sets the opening pressure of the pilot overflow valve to be 0.35-0.5 MPa; starting a pump motor set to pump seawater into the detection cavity, and closing a first stop valve and the pump motor set after the detection cavity is fully pumped;
step two, detecting according to a seawater infiltration mode;
setting the rotating speed of the first servo motor by a computer, setting the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft by the nut according to data measured by a pressure sensor, and setting the opposite grinding time by setting the rotating time of the first servo motor; starting a first servo motor, carrying out sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample, transmitting the measured data to a data acquisition instrument by each sensor and the line seawater detector, transmitting the data to a computer by the data acquisition instrument, and displaying a relation graph of temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient and abrasion loss with time and the salinity and pH value of seawater by a computer display; the friction coefficient is obtained by calculating friction according to the torque measured by the torque sensor and combining load measured by the pressure sensor;
step three, closing the pump motor set, opening a first stop valve, a second stop valve and a third stop valve, enabling seawater in the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity to flow back into the water tank, opening a side door of the pressure kettle after the seawater in the pressurizing cavity and the detection cavity is exhausted, loosening the clamp, and taking out upper and lower end surface samples;
step four, firstly, obtaining the relation between the vibration acceleration, the noise sound pressure and the abrasion loss and the time after the step one, the step two and the step three are carried out on the matching scheme of the non-texture contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample; then, sequentially carrying out the first step, the second step and the third step on various matching schemes with different texture appearances and different upper and lower end surface test sample textures, wherein the vibration acceleration and the noise sound pressure mean value in a detection time period are smaller than those of the upper and lower end surface test sample contact surface non-texture matching scheme, and the final abrasion loss is smaller than that of the upper and lower end surface test sample contact surface non-texture matching scheme, so that the texture matching scheme with the functions of reducing abrasion and reducing vibration is preliminarily screened out through a seawater infiltration mode;
step five, detecting the pairing schemes screened out in the step four by sequentially pressing the seawater detection mode; the detection process in the pressure seawater detection mode is as follows:
firstly, executing the step one, then opening a second stop valve, and setting the opening pressure of a pilot overflow valve to be 55MPa by a computer; setting a relation between the rotating speed of the first servo motor and the change of the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft by the nut along with time by a computer, wherein the change value of the rotating speed per second is 0.02-0.06 of the initial rotating speed, the change rate of the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft by the nut is 0.12-0.16 MPa/s, and setting the abrasion loss of an upper end face sample, the abrasion loss of a lower end face sample, the vibration acceleration and the noise sound pressure index as the basis for finishing detection, and setting a threshold value for each index; starting a pump motor set to pump the pressurizing cavity with seawater, and transmitting the pressure to the detection cavity by the high-pressure seawater through a piston; starting a first servo motor, carrying out sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample, transmitting the measured data to a data acquisition instrument by each sensor and a line seawater detector, processing the data by the data acquisition instrument, transmitting the data to a computer, and displaying a relation graph of temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient, abrasion loss and time and the salinity and pH value of seawater by a computer display; stopping detection when one index exceeds a threshold value; if all the indexes do not exceed the threshold value, stopping detection when the rotation time of the first servo motor reaches a set value; finally, executing the third step;
after the pairing schemes screened out in the step four sequentially press the seawater detection mode for detection, sequentially carrying out a step six on the remaining pairing schemes of which the abrasion loss of the upper end surface sample, the abrasion loss of the lower end surface sample, the vibration acceleration and the noise sound pressure do not reach threshold values;
step six, a comprehensive evaluation mode;
firstly, executing the step one, then opening a second stop valve, and setting the opening pressure of a pilot overflow valve to be 45MPa by a computer; setting a relation between the rotating speed of the first servo motor and the change of the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft by the nut along with time by a computer, wherein the change value of the rotating speed per second is 0.01-0.02 of the initial rotating speed, the change rate of the load applied to the outer end face of the load loading shaft by the nut is 0.08-0.1 MPa/s, the rotating time of the first servo motor and the weighting proportional coefficients of the abrasion loss, the friction coefficient, the vibration acceleration and the noise sound pressure are set, and the sum of the weighting proportional coefficients is 1; the pump motor set is started to pump the pressurizing cavity with seawater, the first servo motor is started to perform sliding friction test on the contact surfaces of the upper end surface test sample and the lower end surface test sample, the sensors and the online seawater detector transmit the measured data to the data acquisition instrument, the data are transmitted to the computer after being processed by the data acquisition instrument, and the computer display displays a relation graph of temperature, vibration acceleration, noise sound pressure, friction coefficient and abrasion loss with time; establishing an evaluation function for the detected abrasion loss, friction coefficient, vibration acceleration and noise sound pressure according to respective weighting proportional coefficients for evaluating the service performance of the pairing scheme; and finally, executing the third step.
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| CN110095287B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-09-22 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Method for testing friction wear of inner surface of stator of straight-blade variable displacement pump |
| CN110987165A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-10 | 合肥百川自动化科技有限公司 | Noise detection equipment for automobile steering intermediate shaft |
| CN113188892A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Friction wear testing machine with medium injection and compression functions and testing method thereof |
| CN114018802A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-02-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Measuring system and calculating method for friction coefficient of flow distribution pair of plunger pump |
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Application publication date: 20181214 Assignee: BAOKE MACHINERY CO.,LTD. Assignor: HANGZHOU DIANZI University Contract record no.: X2021330000827 Denomination of invention: Testing device and method for vibration noise and friction and wear performance of texture friction pair Granted publication date: 20201009 License type: Common License Record date: 20211221 |
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Application publication date: 20181214 Assignee: LEO GROUP PUMP (ZHEJIANG) Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HANGZHOU DIANZI University Contract record no.: X2022980024262 Denomination of invention: Testing device and method for vibration, noise and friction and wear properties of textured friction pairs Granted publication date: 20201009 License type: Common License Record date: 20221202 |