CN109870366A - A kind of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit and method of roadbed filling - Google Patents

A kind of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit and method of roadbed filling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109870366A
CN109870366A CN201910204503.3A CN201910204503A CN109870366A CN 109870366 A CN109870366 A CN 109870366A CN 201910204503 A CN201910204503 A CN 201910204503A CN 109870366 A CN109870366 A CN 109870366A
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plate
load plate
sample
driving device
load
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CN109870366B (en
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王启云
林华明
张丙强
项玉龙
魏心星
臧万军
陈军浩
雷虎军
姚志雄
赵卫华
蔡雅容
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Fujian University of Technology
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Fujian University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses the 3 D deformation experiment loading units and method of a kind of roadbed filling, including horizontally disposed bottom plate, protrusion is formed with rectangular specimen cushion cap in the middle part of bottom plate, the sample is arranged on sample cushion cap, sample cushion cap opposite sides is respectively equipped with fixing steel plate, is equipped with rectangular stress hole in the middle part of fixing steel plate, equipped with the X with its clearance fit to load plate in stress hole, X is driven by X to driving device to load plate, applies X to stress to sample;Y-direction load plate is equipped between fixing steel plate, Y-direction load plate is driven by Y-direction driving device, applies Y-direction stress to sample;Z-direction load plate is additionally provided between fixing steel plate, Z-direction load plate is arranged above sample cushion cap, and Z-direction load plate is driven by Z-direction driving device, applies Z-direction power or static load to sample.The present invention can apply different restraining forces to sample, utmostly to simulate the deformation process of roadbed filling, so that the design for roadbed provides more accurate parameter recommendation.

Description

A kind of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit and method of roadbed filling
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnical engineering test field more particularly to a kind of 3 D deformation experiment loading units of roadbed filling And method.
Background technique
Non-fragment orbit using more and more common, requires also to be increasingly stringenter in high speed railway construction to the control of sedimentation, Wherein post-construction settlement of subgrade control has become the key of roadbed design, and the deformation characteristic for fully realizing roadbed filling is that have very much must It wants.Carrying out the capital equipment that deformation test uses to roadbed filling at present has triaxial apparatus, direct shear apparatus, MTS etc., wherein triaxial apparatus Sidewise restraint can be applied to Rock And Soil, it is most widely used.High-speed railway subgrade is larger along line direction length, in train lotus It carries and the lower deformation of upper track structural load effect is relatively small, and it is relatively small along horizontal path direction size, deform phase To larger.But it is anisotropic using the modified difference that triaxial apparatus does not account for vertical and horizontal during the test, cause surrounding laterally to become Shape reaches unanimity, this obviously with engineering practice grave fault.Existing roadbed filling experimental rig does not have fine simulation The deformation characteristics of high-speed railway subgrade, it is difficult to ensure that the precision of test data.Therefore, need develop one kind can be more acurrate The experimental rig of the deformation behaviour of coarse-grained soil is simulated, so that the design for roadbed provides more accurate parameter recommendation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the 3 D deformation experiment loading units and method of a kind of roadbed filling, can be to sample Apply different restraining forces to simulate the deformation process of live roadbed filling.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that a kind of 3 D deformation of roadbed filling tests load Device, can be used for simulating the 3 D deformation situation of flat column roadbed filling sample, including horizontally disposed bottom plate, and bottom plate middle part is convex It is formed with rectangular specimen cushion cap out, the sample is arranged on sample cushion cap, and sample cushion cap opposite sides is respectively equipped with positioning steel Plate is fixed by Screw arbor with nut at both-ends between fixing steel plate, is equipped with rectangular stress hole in the middle part of fixing steel plate, in stress hole equipped with and its gap The X of cooperation is greater than fixing steel plate thickness to load plate thickness to load plate, X, and X is driven by X to driving device to load plate, right Sample applies X to stress;Y-direction load plate is equipped between fixing steel plate, Y-direction load plate is perpendicular to fixing steel plate, Y-direction load plate quantity For two and it is separately positioned on sample cushion cap both sides of the upper end, Y-direction load plate is driven by Y-direction driving device, applies Y to sample To stress;Z-direction load plate is additionally provided between fixing steel plate, Z-direction load plate is arranged above sample cushion cap, and Z-direction load plate passes through Z-direction Driving device driving applies Z-direction power or static load to sample;
The X is all provided with force sensor between load plate, Y-direction load plate, Z-direction load plate and corresponding driving device;The X is to drive Horizontal displacement sensors are equipped on dynamic device, Y-direction driving device;The Z-direction driving device is equipped with vertical displacement sensor.
It further, further include rectangle support, rectangle support is equipped with crossbeam corresponding with each load plate, and the X is to drive Dynamic device/Y-direction driving device is separately positioned on corresponding crossbeam;
The X includes the screw rod being coaxially disposed, transmission shaft to driving device/Y-direction driving device, and is set in outside screw rod Ball, screw rod one end are connected with lateral bearing plate, and lateral bearing plate is connected by force snesor with corresponding load plate, the level Displacement sensor is arranged on lateral bearing plate, and spring is also arranged with outside screw rod, and spring is arranged between ball and lateral bearing plate; Transmission shaft is hollow shaft and one end is sleeved on outside the ball, and the transmission shaft other end and the crossbeam are rotatablely connected, and transmission shaft is logical Crossing positive and negative rotation drives ball and screw rod to roll cooperation, makes screw rod that lateral bearing plate be driven to move reciprocatingly along its axial direction;
The transmission shaft is externally provided with gear, and the first installation axle for being parallel to the transmission shaft and the second peace are additionally provided on the crossbeam Fill axis, be arranged with the coarse adjustment gear engaged with gear in the first installation axle, be arranged in the second installation axle engaged with gear it is micro- Adjust gear.
It further, further include longitudinal bracing device, the Z-direction driving device is arranged on longitudinal bracing device;
The longitudinal bracing device is reaction frame, and the Z-direction driving device includes the actuator being vertically installed on reaction frame, is made Dynamic device output end is downward and is connected with longitudinal bearing plate, and longitudinal bearing plate is connect by force snesor with the Z-direction load plate.
Further, the X is equipped with limited step to load plate outer rim, and limitation X enters the depth in stress hole to load plate.
Further, the fixing steel plate, X are L-type steel plate to load plate, and X is equipped with X to pulley to load plate lower end, The fixing steel plate bottom is equipped with the guide groove slided for X to pulley.
Further, the Y-direction load plate is groove profile steel plate, and Y-direction load plate lower end is equipped with Y-direction pulley, in Y-direction load plate End is equipped with directive wheel, and the fixing steel plate inner top side is equipped with directive wheel limit plate, limits the Z-direction freedom degree of Y-direction load plate.
Further, the transmission shaft is equipped with air level.
A kind of loading method of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, sample production: emulsion film a set of is located on sample cushion cap, the split punching block on latex film outer sheath, according to " iron Road engineering earthwork test rule TB10102-2010 " it requires, layering prepares flat column roadbed filling sample, sample in latex film Punching block is removed after completing;
Step 2, component installation: fixing steel plate is installed in sample cushion cap two sides, and is fixed using Screw arbor with nut at both-ends, is pacified in positioning hole X is filled to load plate, Y-direction load plate, limit plate are installed between fixing steel plate;Counter-force rack position is adjusted, Z-direction is installed on reaction frame Driving device installs Z-direction load plate in Z-direction driving device output end;Install rectangle support, installed respectively on each crossbeam X to Driving device/Y-direction driving device;The bearing plate of each driving device is connected with corresponding load plate using force snesor, in longitudinal direction Vertical displacement sensor is installed on bearing plate, horizontal displacement sensors are installed on lateral bearing plate;
Step 3, device debugging: after each component installation of experiment loading unit, check whether load bar is horizontal with air level, check X whether there is card slot phenomenon to load plate, Y-direction load plate;
Step 4, lateral pressure apply: adjustment reaction frame height keeps Z-direction load plate to contact with soil sample;Rotate each driving device Coarse adjustment gear, apply the lateral confining pressure of surrounding, with the lateral confining pressure size of force snesor real-time monitoring, when surrounding confining pressure substantially tends to When consistent, rotation fine tuning gear mesh surrounding lateral pressure is finely adjusted, and surrounding confining pressure is kept to reach unanimity;
Step 5, sample load: opening actuator, applies axial power or static load, passes through vertical displacement sensor, level Displacement sensor observes soil sample 3 D deformation situation, obtains roadbed filling deformation characteristics by analysis data.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can apply different restraining forces to sample, utmostly to simulate roadbed The deformation process of filler, so that the design for roadbed provides more accurate parameter recommendation.The configuration of the present invention is simple, operation side Just, convenient for popularization and use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section view of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional elevation of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the assembling schematic diagram of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is X to load plate, the assembling schematic diagram of Y-direction load plate;
Fig. 5 is X to driving device/Y-direction driving device assembling schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of a kind of roadbed filling can be used for simulating flat column roadbed and fill out Expect the 3 D deformation situation of sample, including horizontally disposed bottom plate 1, protrusion is formed with rectangular specimen cushion cap 2, institute in the middle part of bottom plate 1 It states sample 100 to be arranged on sample cushion cap 2,2 opposite sides of sample cushion cap is respectively equipped with fixing steel plate 3, passes through between fixing steel plate 3 Screw arbor with nut at both-ends 4 is fixed, and rectangular stress hole 5 is equipped in the middle part of fixing steel plate 3, is equipped in stress hole 5 with the X of its clearance fit to load Plate 6, X are greater than 3 thickness of fixing steel plate to 6 thickness of load plate, and X is driven to driving device 7 by X to load plate 6, applied to sample X is to stress;X is equipped with limited step 8 to 6 outer rim of load plate, and limitation X enters the depth in stress hole 5 to load plate 6;Fixing steel plate 3 Between be equipped with Y-direction load plate 9, perpendicular to fixing steel plate 3,9 quantity of Y-direction load plate is two and is separately positioned on examination Y-direction load plate 9 2 both sides of the upper end of sample cushion cap, Y-direction load plate 9 are driven by Y-direction driving device 10, apply Y-direction stress to sample;Fixing steel plate 3 Between be additionally provided with Z-direction load plate 11, Z-direction load plate 11 is arranged sample cushion cap 2 above, and Z-direction load plate 11 passes through Z-direction driving device 12 drivings apply Z-direction power or static load to sample;The fixing steel plate 3, X are L-type steel plate to load plate 6, and X is to adding 6 lower end of support plate is equipped with X to pulley 13, and 3 bottom of fixing steel plate is equipped with the guide groove 14 slided for X to pulley 13;The Y-direction adds Support plate 9 is groove profile steel plate, and 9 lower end of Y-direction load plate is equipped with Y-direction pulley 15, and 9 upper end of Y-direction load plate is equipped with directive wheel 16, described fixed Position 3 inner top side of steel plate is equipped with directive wheel limit plate 17, limits the Z-direction freedom degree of Y-direction load plate 9.
The X is all provided with force sensor between load plate 6, Y-direction load plate 9, Z-direction load plate 11 and corresponding driving device 18;The X is equipped with horizontal displacement sensors 19 in driving device 7, Y-direction driving device 10;In the Z-direction driving device 12 Equipped with vertical displacement sensor 20.
It further include rectangle support 21, rectangle support 21 is equipped with crossbeam 22 corresponding with each load plate, and the X is filled to driving 7/Y is set to be separately positioned on corresponding crossbeam 22 to driving device 10;As shown in figure 5, the X is filled to driving device 7/Y to driving Setting 10 includes the screw rod 701 being coaxially disposed, transmission shaft 702, and the ball 703 being set in outside screw rod 701, screw rod 701 1 End is connected with lateral bearing plate 704, and lateral bearing plate 704 is connected by force snesor 18 with corresponding load plate, the horizontal position Displacement sensor 19 is arranged on lateral bearing plate 704, and spring 705 is also arranged with outside screw rod 701, and spring 705 is arranged in ball 703 Between lateral bearing plate 704;Transmission shaft 702 is hollow shaft and one end is sleeved on outside the ball 703,702 other end of transmission shaft It is rotatablely connected with the crossbeam 22, transmission shaft 702 drives ball 703 and screw rod 701 to roll cooperation by positive and negative rotation, makes screw rod 701 drive lateral bearing plate 704 to move reciprocatingly along its axial direction;The transmission shaft 702 is externally provided with gear 706, the crossbeam 202 On be additionally provided with the first installation axle 77 and the second installation axle 708 for being parallel to the transmission shaft 702, be arranged in the first installation axle 707 There is the coarse adjustment gear 709 engaged with gear 706, the fine tuning gear 710 engaged with gear 706 is arranged in the second installation axle 708. The transmission shaft 702 is equipped with air level 711.
It further include longitudinal bracing device 23, the Z-direction driving device 12 is arranged on longitudinal bracing device 23;The longitudinal direction Support device 23 is reaction frame, and the Z-direction driving device 12 includes the actuator 121 being vertically installed on reaction frame, actuator 121 output ends are downward and are connected with longitudinal bearing plate 122, and longitudinal bearing plate 122 passes through force snesor 18 and the Z-direction load plate 11 connections.
A kind of loading method of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, sample production: emulsion film a set of is located on sample cushion cap, the split punching block on latex film outer sheath, according to " iron Road engineering earthwork test rule TB10102-2010 " it requires, layering prepares flat column roadbed filling sample, sample in latex film Punching block is removed after completing;
Step 2, component installation: fixing steel plate is installed in sample cushion cap two sides, and is fixed using Screw arbor with nut at both-ends, is pacified in positioning hole X is filled to load plate, Y-direction load plate, limit plate are installed between fixing steel plate;Counter-force rack position is adjusted, Z-direction is installed on reaction frame Driving device installs Z-direction load plate in Z-direction driving device output end;Install rectangle support, installed respectively on each crossbeam X to Driving device/Y-direction driving device;The bearing plate of each driving device is connected with corresponding load plate using force snesor, in longitudinal direction Vertical displacement sensor is installed on bearing plate, horizontal displacement sensors are installed on lateral bearing plate;
Step 3, device debugging: after each component installation of experiment loading unit, check whether load bar is horizontal with air level, check X whether there is card slot phenomenon to load plate, Y-direction load plate;
Step 4, lateral pressure apply: adjustment reaction frame height keeps Z-direction load plate to contact with soil sample;Rotate each driving device Coarse adjustment gear, apply the lateral confining pressure of surrounding, with the lateral confining pressure size of force snesor real-time monitoring, when surrounding confining pressure substantially tends to When consistent, rotation fine tuning gear mesh surrounding lateral pressure is finely adjusted, and surrounding confining pressure is kept to reach unanimity;
Step 5, sample load: opening actuator, applies axial power or static load, passes through vertical displacement sensor, level Displacement sensor observes soil sample 3 D deformation situation, obtains roadbed filling deformation characteristics by analysis data.
The present invention can apply different restraining forces to sample, utmostly to simulate the deformation process of roadbed filling, so as to More accurate parameter recommendation is provided for the design of roadbed.It is the configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, convenient for promoting the use of.
Further, the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of above-mentioned roadbed filling can also adding by limitation either direction Support plate carries out the two-dimentional deformation test of roadbed filling.
Described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the present invention In embodiment, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Example, belongs to the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling can be used for simulating the three-dimensional of flat column roadbed filling sample and become Shape situation, which is characterized in that including horizontally disposed bottom plate, protrusion is formed with rectangular specimen cushion cap, the sample in the middle part of bottom plate It is arranged on sample cushion cap, sample cushion cap opposite sides is respectively equipped with fixing steel plate, it is fixed between fixing steel plate by Screw arbor with nut at both-ends, It is equipped with rectangular stress hole in the middle part of fixing steel plate, is equipped in stress hole with the X of its clearance fit to load plate, X is to loading plate thickness Greater than fixing steel plate thickness, X is driven by X to driving device to load plate, applies X to stress to sample;It is set between fixing steel plate There is Y-direction load plate, perpendicular to fixing steel plate, Y-direction load plate quantity is two and is separately positioned on sample cushion cap Y-direction load plate End face two sides, Y-direction load plate are driven by Y-direction driving device, apply Y-direction stress to sample;Z-direction is additionally provided between fixing steel plate to add Support plate, Z-direction load plate are arranged above sample cushion cap, and Z-direction load plate is driven by Z-direction driving device, and it is dynamic to apply Z-direction to sample Power or static load;
The X is all provided with force sensor between load plate, Y-direction load plate, Z-direction load plate and corresponding driving device;The X is to drive Horizontal displacement sensors are equipped on dynamic device, Y-direction driving device;The Z-direction driving device is equipped with vertical displacement sensor.
2. a kind of 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include square Shape bracket, rectangle support are equipped with crossbeam corresponding with each load plate, and the X is respectively set to driving device/Y-direction driving device On corresponding crossbeam;
The X includes the screw rod being coaxially disposed, transmission shaft to driving device/Y-direction driving device, and is set in outside screw rod Ball, screw rod one end are connected with lateral bearing plate, and lateral bearing plate is connected by force snesor with corresponding load plate, the level Displacement sensor is arranged on lateral bearing plate, and spring is also arranged with outside screw rod, and spring is arranged between ball and lateral bearing plate; Transmission shaft is hollow shaft and one end is sleeved on outside the ball, and the transmission shaft other end and the crossbeam are rotatablely connected, and transmission shaft is logical Crossing positive and negative rotation drives ball and screw rod to roll cooperation, makes screw rod that lateral bearing plate be driven to move reciprocatingly along its axial direction;
The transmission shaft is externally provided with gear, and the first installation axle for being parallel to the transmission shaft and the second peace are additionally provided on the crossbeam Fill axis, be arranged with the coarse adjustment gear engaged with gear in the first installation axle, be arranged in the second installation axle engaged with gear it is micro- Adjust gear.
3. a kind of 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include indulging To support device, the Z-direction driving device is arranged on longitudinal bracing device;
The longitudinal bracing device is reaction frame, and the Z-direction driving device includes the actuator being vertically installed on reaction frame, is made Dynamic device output end is downward and is connected with longitudinal bearing plate, and longitudinal bearing plate is connect by force snesor with the Z-direction load plate.
4. a kind of 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the X to Load plate outer rim is equipped with limited step, and limitation X enters the depth in stress hole to load plate.
5. a kind of 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the positioning Steel plate, X are L-type steel plate to load plate, and X is equipped with X to pulley to load plate lower end, the fixing steel plate bottom be equipped with for X to The guide groove of pulley sliding.
6. a kind of 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Y-direction Load plate is groove profile steel plate, and Y-direction load plate lower end is equipped with Y-direction pulley, and Y-direction load plate upper end is equipped with directive wheel, the positioning steel Plate inner top side is equipped with directive wheel limit plate, limits the Z-direction freedom degree of Y-direction load plate.
7. a kind of 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the transmission Axis is equipped with air level.
8. a kind of loading method of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit of roadbed filling, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, sample production: emulsion film a set of is located on sample cushion cap, the split punching block on latex film outer sheath, according to " iron Road engineering earthwork test rule TB10102-2010 " it requires, layering prepares flat column roadbed filling sample, sample in latex film Punching block is removed after completing;
Step 2, component installation: fixing steel plate is installed in sample cushion cap two sides, and is fixed using Screw arbor with nut at both-ends, is pacified in positioning hole X is filled to load plate, Y-direction load plate, limit plate are installed between fixing steel plate;Counter-force rack position is adjusted, Z-direction is installed on reaction frame Driving device installs Z-direction load plate in Z-direction driving device output end;Install rectangle support, installed respectively on each crossbeam X to Driving device/Y-direction driving device;The bearing plate of each driving device is connected with corresponding load plate using force snesor, in longitudinal direction Vertical displacement sensor is installed on bearing plate, horizontal displacement sensors are installed on lateral bearing plate;
Step 3, device debugging: after each component installation of experiment loading unit, check whether load bar is horizontal with air level, check X whether there is card slot phenomenon to load plate, Y-direction load plate;
Step 4, lateral pressure apply: adjustment reaction frame height keeps Z-direction load plate to contact with soil sample;Rotate each driving device Coarse adjustment gear, apply the lateral confining pressure of surrounding, with the lateral confining pressure size of force snesor real-time monitoring, when surrounding confining pressure substantially tends to When consistent, rotation fine tuning gear mesh surrounding lateral pressure is finely adjusted, and surrounding confining pressure is kept to reach unanimity;
Step 5, sample load: opening actuator, applies axial power or static load, passes through vertical displacement sensor, level Displacement sensor observes soil sample 3 D deformation situation, obtains roadbed filling deformation characteristics by analysis data.
CN201910204503.3A 2019-03-18 2019-03-18 Three-dimensional deformation test loading device and method for roadbed filling Active CN109870366B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001091424A (en) * 1999-09-22 2001-04-06 Akashi Corp Spring limit value testing device and spring limit value measurement method
CN106198243A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-12-07 河南理工大学 The true triaxial of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision and experimental technique thereof
CN209784079U (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-12-13 福建工程学院 three-dimensional deformation test loading device for roadbed filler

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001091424A (en) * 1999-09-22 2001-04-06 Akashi Corp Spring limit value testing device and spring limit value measurement method
CN106198243A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-12-07 河南理工大学 The true triaxial of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision and experimental technique thereof
CN209784079U (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-12-13 福建工程学院 three-dimensional deformation test loading device for roadbed filler

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