CN106198243A - The true triaxial of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision and experimental technique thereof - Google Patents

The true triaxial of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision and experimental technique thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106198243A
CN106198243A CN201610450422.8A CN201610450422A CN106198243A CN 106198243 A CN106198243 A CN 106198243A CN 201610450422 A CN201610450422 A CN 201610450422A CN 106198243 A CN106198243 A CN 106198243A
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fixed plate
pressure head
plate
pressing plate
similar material
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CN106198243B (en
Inventor
林志斌
张勃阳
杨大方
郭佳奇
焦华喆
朱昌星
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/16Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces applied through gearing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0032Generation of the force using mechanical means
    • G01N2203/0037Generation of the force using mechanical means involving a rotating movement, e.g. gearing, cam, eccentric, or centrifuge effects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0256Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The true triaxial that the invention discloses a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision and experimental technique thereof, this experimental provision includes frame system, loading system and base plate platform, described base plate platform includes base plate and backing plate, described frame system is made up of rear fixed plate block, left fixed plate, front shoe block, right fixed plate, screw rod, hex nut and T-bolt, and described loading system includes handwheel, reducer of turbodrill, screw mandrel, pressure transducer, slip pressure head and fixing pressure head.The present invention not only can carry out true triaxial test to Rock soil similar material test specimen, also can directly observe the deformation fracture of two sections of test specimen in process of the test, have simple and flexible, uses the advantages such as economic, easy to operate and easy to spread.

Description

The true triaxial of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture add unloading experimental provision and Experimental technique
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of true triaxial for Rock soil similar material and add unloading experimental provision, be specifically related to a kind of considerable The true triaxial surveying Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision and experimental technique thereof.
Background technology
The excavation of the underground engineering Rock And Soils such as lane (tunnel) road, mine, foundation ditch all can produce Unloading Effect to surrounding edge country rock, draws Play country rock to deform and even rupture.Steady with maintenance engineering for taking effective support means to carry out deformation controlling for rock surrounding gateways Fracture propagation Fixed, then it is not fee from research rock mass or soil body mechanical behavior feature in adding uninstall process.Traditional method typically uses three axles Testing machine studies rock (native) body cylinder sample deformation and fracture feature under different axial compressions and confined pressure, but this method exist with Some deficiency lower: 1. due to the mode using confined pressure to add unloading, rock (native) body is in horizontal plane both direction pressure experienced all the time It is to maintain consistent, it is impossible to truly three directions of rock (native) body are realized different pressures and add unloading, with Practical Project There is bigger difference in the stressing conditions of country rock;2., during adding unloading test, rock (native) body cylinder sample is placed in airtight all the time In space container, country rock end face vertical displacement and side horizontal displacement can only be observed, it is impossible to obtain and add uninstall process The true 3 D deformation Fracture propagation rule of middle country rock, is not enough to reflect the mechanical behavior feature of rock (native) body comprehensively;3. three axle examination The machine price of testing is the most higher and operation is complicated, oil leakage phenomenon easily occurs, it is difficult to be used widely.Therefore, traditional method is not Research rock (native) body deformation fracture behavior characteristics in adding uninstall process can be advantageously used in, provide for engineering surrounding rock stability contorting Important evidence.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above, the invention provides the true triaxial of a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture and add and unload Carry experimental provision and experimental technique thereof.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
The true triaxial of a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision, including frame system, adds Loading system and base plate platform, described base plate platform includes base plate and backing plate, and described frame system is fixing by rear fixed plate block, a left side Plate, front shoe block, right fixed plate, screw rod, hex nut and T-bolt are constituted, described loading system include handwheel, Reducer of turbodrill, screw mandrel, pressure transducer, slip pressure head, fixing pressure head, backing plate is arranged on the upper end face of base plate, base plate upper End face is provided with rear fixed plate block, front shoe block, right fixed plate by T-bolt, and left fixed plate is pacified by T-bolt Being contained in the upper end face of base plate, rear fixed plate block is connected by two screw rods with front shoe block, and screw rod one end passes rear fixed plate block Connecting and have hex nut, the other end connects through front shoe block has hex nut, left fixed plate and right fixed plate to pass through Two screw rods is connected, and screw rod one end connects through left fixed plate hex nut, and the other end connects through right fixed plate six Angle nut, backing plate top is placed with square test specimen, and square test specimen rear end is provided with slip pressure head, and right side is provided with fixing pressure Head, slip pressure head and fixing pressure head are all connected by leading screw has reducer of turbodrill, leading screw one end to be connected with reducer of turbodrill, another End is connected with slip pressure head and fixing pressure head respectively by pressure transducer, and described slip pressure head is by pressing plate union joint, slip Termination, the first pressing plate, framework chute, pressure head chute and reinforcing rib are constituted, and pressing plate is provided with four reinforcing ribs, and center peace Equipped with pressure head chute, two ends, slip termination are flexibly connected with pressure head chute, are provided with pressing plate union joint on the left of pressing plate, and pressing plate connects Head is flexibly connected with the reserved chute in right fixed plate, and upper right side and lower right side all offer framework chute, framework chute and Sliding frame pressing plate union joint in left fixed plate is flexibly connected.(multiple punctuation mark) purpose be realize sliding clamp before and after In moving process, the sliding frame of left fixed plate is driven also to move forward and backward, and when sliding clamp moves left and right, left fixed plate Sliding frame then remain stationary as;Described fixing pressure head is by the second pressing plate, reinforcing rib, fixing termination and reserved chute structure Become, the second pressing plate is provided with four reinforcing ribs, and center is provided with fixing termination, be provided with reserved sliding on the right side of the second pressing plate Groove, be flexibly connected with the pressing plate union joint of the first pressing plate, it is therefore an objective to coordinates slip termination, it is achieved fixation clip is moving left and right During, drive the first pressing plate also to move left and right;And sliding clamp is when moving forward and backward, fixation clip then remains stationary as;Ensure examination Part is in airtight compression environment all the time, will not be extruded.
Preferably, described base plate and backing plate are steel plate.
Preferably, hollow type is made in the middle part of described left fixed plate and front shoe block, and hollow part is provided with U-shaped steel Sliding frame and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, it is achieved to before Rock soil similar material test specimen, the deformation fracture phenomenon of left two end faces carries out directly Connect observation.
The true triaxial of above-mentioned a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds the experimental technique of unloading experimental provision, bag Include following steps:
S1, the cube analog material test specimen made is put into above-mentioned experimental provision, shake rear end and right-hand member handwheel, The pressure head pressing plate of rear end and right-hand member, front shoe, left fixed plate is made directly to contact with test specimen;
S2, above-mentioned experimental provision is moved on uniaxial loading testing machine platform, at the left end of Rock soil similar material test specimen Respectively it is respectively arranged 1 high-resolution digital camera, two sections to test specimen with front end both direction and carries out deformation fracture numeral Photograph measures;
Test specimen end face is loaded and unloads by S3, control uniaxial loading testing machine;Or shake rear end or right-hand member respectively Handwheel coordinates reducer of turbodrill, promotes screw mandrel slowly to carry out two end faces rear, right of Rock soil similar material test specimen in various degree Load or unload.
The method have the advantages that
Not only Rock soil similar material test specimen can be carried out true triaxial test, also can be to two sections of test specimen in process of the test Deformation fracture is directly observed, and has simple and flexible, uses the advantages such as economic, easy to operate and easy to spread.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the true triaxial of the embodiment of the present invention a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision Top view.
Fig. 2 is that the true triaxial of the embodiment of the present invention a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision Front view.
Fig. 3 is that the true triaxial of the embodiment of the present invention a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision Side view.
Fig. 4 is that the true triaxial of the embodiment of the present invention a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision The structural representation of middle slip pressure head.
Fig. 5 is that the true triaxial of the embodiment of the present invention a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision The structural representation of fixing pressure head.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is carried out further Describe in detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to limit this Bright.
As Figure 1-Figure 5, true the three of a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture is embodiments provided Axle adds unloading experimental provision, and including frame system, loading system and base plate platform, described base plate platform includes base plate 12 and pad Plate 11, described frame system is by rear fixed plate block 2, left fixed plate 6, front shoe block 10, right fixed plate 14, screw rod 3, six Angle nut 1 and T-bolt 9 are constituted, and described loading system includes handwheel 16, reducer of turbodrill 15, screw mandrel 4, pressure transducer 5, slip pressure head 7, fixing pressure head 13, backing plate 11 is arranged on the upper end face of base plate 12, and the upper end face of base plate 12 passes through T-bolt 9 Being provided with rear fixed plate block 2, front shoe block 10, right fixed plate 14, left fixed plate 6 is arranged on base plate by T-bolt 9 The upper end face of 12, rear fixed plate block 2 is connected by two screw rods 3 with front shoe block 10, and screw rod 3 one end passes rear fixed plate block 2 Connecting and have hex nut 1, the other end connects through front shoe block 10 hex nut 1, left fixed plate 6 and right fixed plate 14 are connected by two screw rods 3, and screw rod 3 one end connects through left fixed plate 6 hex nut 1, and the other end passes right fixed plate Block 14 connects has hex nut 1, backing plate 11 top to be placed with square test specimen 8, and square test specimen 8 rear end is provided with slip pressure head 7, right side is provided with fixing pressure head 13, slip pressure head 7 and fixing pressure head 13 all has reducer of turbodrill 15, silk by leading screw 4 connection Thick stick 4 one end is connected with reducer of turbodrill 15, the other end by pressure transducer 5 respectively with slip pressure head 7 and fixing pressure head 13 phase Even.Described slip pressure head 7 is by pressing plate union joint 19, slip termination the 20, first pressing plate 21, framework chute 22, pressure head chute 23 Constitute with reinforcing rib 24, pressing plate 21 is provided with four reinforcing ribs 24, and center is provided with pressure head chute 23, slip termination 20 Two ends are flexibly connected with pressure head chute 23, be provided with pressing plate union joint 19, upper right side and lower right side and all offer on the left of pressing plate 21 Framework chute 22, framework chute 22 is flexibly connected with the sliding frame 18 pressing plate union joint in left fixed plate 6, it is therefore an objective to realize During first pressing plate 21 is movable, drives the sliding frame 18 of left fixed plate 6 also to move forward and backward, and the first pressing plate 21 is left When moving right, the sliding frame 18 of left fixed plate 6 then remains stationary as;Described fixing pressure head is by the second pressing plate 27, reinforcing rib 24, fixing termination 25 and reserved chute 26 are constituted, and the second pressing plate 27 is provided with four reinforcing ribs 24, and center is provided with Fixing termination 25, is provided with reserved chute 26, is flexibly connected with the pressing plate union joint 19 of the first pressing plate, purpose on the right side of the second pressing plate 27 It is to cooperate with slip termination 20, it is achieved during the second pressing plate 27 moves left and right, drives the first pressing plate 21 also to move left and right;And the When one pressing plate 21 moves forward and backward, the second pressing plate 27 then remains stationary as;Ensure that test specimen is in airtight compression environment all the time, will not It is extruded.
Preferably, described base plate 12 and backing plate 11 are steel plate
Preferably, hollow type is made in the middle part of described left fixed plate 6 and front shoe block 10, and hollow part is provided with U Shaped steel sliding frame 18 and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 17, it is achieved to before Rock soil similar material test specimen, the deformation fracture of left two end faces existing As directly observing.
The true triaxial of above-mentioned a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds the experimental technique of unloading experimental provision, bag Include following steps:
S1, the cube analog material test specimen made is put into above-mentioned experimental provision, shake rear end and right-hand member handwheel, The pressure head pressing plate of rear end and right-hand member, front shoe, left fixed plate is made directly to contact with test specimen;
S2, above-mentioned experimental provision is moved on uniaxial loading testing machine platform, at the left end of Rock soil similar material test specimen Respectively it is respectively arranged 1 high-resolution digital camera, two sections to test specimen with front end both direction and carries out deformation fracture numeral Photograph measures;
Test specimen end face is loaded and unloads by S3, control uniaxial loading testing machine;Or shake rear end or right-hand member respectively Handwheel coordinates reducer of turbodrill, promotes screw mandrel slowly to carry out two end faces rear, right of Rock soil similar material test specimen in various degree Load or unload.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the true triaxial of an Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision, it is characterised in that include frame Frame system, loading system and base plate platform, described base plate platform includes base plate (12) and backing plate (11), described frame system by Rear fixed plate block (2), left fixed plate (6), front shoe block (10), right fixed plate (14), screw rod (3), hex nut (1) And T-bolt (9) is constituted, described loading system includes handwheel (16), reducer of turbodrill (15), screw mandrel (4), pressure transducer (5), slip pressure head (7), fixing pressure head (13), backing plate (11) is arranged on the upper end face of base plate (12), the upper end face of base plate (12) By T-bolt (9), rear fixed plate block (2), front shoe block (10), right fixed plate (14), left fixed plate (6) are installed It is arranged on the upper end face of base plate (12), rear fixed plate block (2) and front shoe block (10) by T-bolt (9) and passes through two screw rods (3) being connected, screw rod (3) one end connects through rear fixed plate block (2) hex nut (1), and the other end passes front shoe block (10) connection has hex nut (1), left fixed plate (6) and right fixed plate (14) to be connected by two screw rods (3), screw rod (3) One end connects through left fixed plate (6) hex nut (1), and the other end connects through right fixed plate (14) hex nut (1), backing plate (11) top is placed with square test specimen (8), and square test specimen (8) rear end is provided with slip pressure head (7), and right side is pacified All connected by leading screw (4) equipped with fixing pressure head (13), slip pressure head (7) and fixing pressure head (13) and have reducer of turbodrill (15), Leading screw (4) one end is connected with reducer of turbodrill (15), the other end by pressure transducer (5) respectively with slip pressure head (7) and consolidate Level pressure head (13) is connected, and described slip pressure head (7) is by pressing plate union joint (19), slip termination (20), the first pressing plate (21), frame Frame chute (22), pressure head chute (23) and reinforcing rib (24) are constituted, and pressing plate (21) is provided with four reinforcing ribs (24), and center Place is provided with pressure head chute (23), and slip termination (20) two ends are flexibly connected with pressure head chute (23), and pressing plate (21) left side is installed Pressing plate union joint (19), pressing plate union joint (19) is had to be flexibly connected with the reserved chute (26) in right fixed plate (6), upper right side Framework chute (22), framework chute (22) and sliding frame (18) pressing plate in left fixed plate (6) is all offered with lower right side Union joint is flexibly connected;Described fixing pressure head is by the second pressing plate (27), reinforcing rib (24), fixing termination (25) and reserves sliding Groove (26) is constituted, and the second pressing plate (27) is provided with four reinforcing ribs (24), and center is provided with fixing termination (25), and second Pressing plate (27) right side is provided with reserved chute (26), is flexibly connected with the pressing plate union joint (19) of the first pressing plate.
The true triaxial of a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture the most as claimed in claim 1 adds unloading experimental provision, It is characterized in that, described base plate (12) and backing plate (11) are steel plate.
The true triaxial of a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture the most as claimed in claim 1 adds unloading experimental provision, It is characterized in that, hollow type is made in the middle part of described left fixed plate (6) and front shoe block (10), and hollow part is provided with U Shaped steel sliding frame (18) and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (17).
The true triaxial of a kind of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture the most as claimed in claim 1 adds unloading experimental provision Experimental technique, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1, the cube analog material test specimen made being put into above-mentioned experimental provision, shake rear end and right-hand member handwheel, after making The pressure head pressing plate with right-hand member, front shoe, left fixed plate is held directly to contact with test specimen;
S2, above-mentioned experimental provision is moved on uniaxial loading testing machine platform, at the left end of Rock soil similar material test specimen and front End both direction is respectively respectively arranged 1 high-resolution digital camera and two sections of test specimen is carried out deformation fracture Digital photographic Measure;
Test specimen end face is loaded and unloads by S3, control uniaxial loading testing machine;Or shake rear end or the handwheel of right-hand member respectively Coordinate reducer of turbodrill, promote screw mandrel slowly two end faces rear, right to Rock soil similar material test specimen to carry out adding in various degree Carry or unloading.
CN201610450422.8A 2016-06-15 2016-06-15 The true triaxial of Observable Rock soil similar material deformation fracture adds unloading experimental provision and its experimental method Expired - Fee Related CN106198243B (en)

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CN106769445A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-31 太原理工大学 A kind of indoor static pressure perforation device for determining compression strength of building mortar
CN108709810A (en) * 2018-05-04 2018-10-26 浙江大学 A kind of pilot system and method for air pressure unloading simulation rock underground excavation
CN109632479A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-04-16 华北水利水电大学 A kind of true triaxial dynamic pressure testing machine and test method
CN109870366A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-11 福建工程学院 A kind of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit and method of roadbed filling
CN110618022A (en) * 2019-09-17 2019-12-27 东北大学 One-way quick electromagnetic unloading device suitable for true triaxial testing machine
CN111238953A (en) * 2019-03-22 2020-06-05 湘潭大学 Observation device for rock dense core derivation process
CN113447361A (en) * 2021-07-19 2021-09-28 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Variable angle loading testing machine

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106769445A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-31 太原理工大学 A kind of indoor static pressure perforation device for determining compression strength of building mortar
CN108709810A (en) * 2018-05-04 2018-10-26 浙江大学 A kind of pilot system and method for air pressure unloading simulation rock underground excavation
CN108709810B (en) * 2018-05-04 2021-05-14 浙江大学 Test method for simulating underground rock excavation through air pressure unloading
CN109632479A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-04-16 华北水利水电大学 A kind of true triaxial dynamic pressure testing machine and test method
CN109870366A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-11 福建工程学院 A kind of the 3 D deformation experiment loading unit and method of roadbed filling
CN109870366B (en) * 2019-03-18 2024-02-13 福建工程学院 Three-dimensional deformation test loading device and method for roadbed filling
CN111238953A (en) * 2019-03-22 2020-06-05 湘潭大学 Observation device for rock dense core derivation process
CN111238953B (en) * 2019-03-22 2021-06-22 湘潭大学 Observation device for rock dense core derivation process
CN110618022A (en) * 2019-09-17 2019-12-27 东北大学 One-way quick electromagnetic unloading device suitable for true triaxial testing machine
CN110618022B (en) * 2019-09-17 2021-05-18 东北大学 One-way quick electromagnetic unloading device suitable for true triaxial testing machine
CN113447361A (en) * 2021-07-19 2021-09-28 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Variable angle loading testing machine

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