CN112504843B - Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load condition and test method thereof - Google Patents
Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load condition and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load conditions, which comprises a test box for containing filled soil, wherein a loading mechanism for applying load to the filled soil is arranged at the upper part of the test box, a fixed unit and a movable door unit are arranged at the bottom of the test box, the fixed unit is arranged at two sides of the movable door unit, and the movable door unit consists of a thin plate and a spring arranged at the bottom of the thin plate. Under the action of the self weight of the filled soil and the load applied by the loading mechanism, the movable door unit spontaneously generates certain displacement to induce the upper filled soil to form a soil arch. The invention discloses a mechanism for forming and evolving soil arches under the action of local loads; and (3) determining the influence of the geosynthetic material on the evolution rule of the dynamic soil arch.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load conditions and a test method thereof.
Background
The soil arching effect is a common phenomenon in the field of geotechnical engineering and is caused by the relative displacement between the soil mass and the adjacent structure. The soil arch effect causes the redistribution of stress in soil, and influences the load distribution of the structure-soil, thereby influencing the bearing capacity and deformation of the structure. So far, a great deal of research work is carried out by many scholars at home and abroad in the fields of theory, test, numerical analysis and the like, the development and evolution rule of the soil arch effect in the gravity field is disclosed, and a more systematic calculation theory is provided. However, the soil arching effect is inevitably affected by loads (such as uniform distribution loads, traffic loads and the like), and the soil arching effect can be degraded or even destroyed under the load. Therefore, the development of the research on the stability of the soil arch under the action of surface load has important significance for engineering practice.
Patent CN 106908587A discloses a soil arching effect model test device and test method, including support, model box bottom sets up first bottom plate, second bottom plate, holds in the palm flitch and clamp plate, holds in the palm the flitch and can drop under the control of clamp plate, forms the soil arch, analyzes the soil arching effect, and holds in the palm the flitch size and can change. The device can simulate the soil arching effect under the action of a gravity field, and does not consider the influence of the displacement of the movable door on the soil arching effect.
Patent CN 107748135 a discloses a soil arching effect exploration device and test method under a multiple displacement mode, which adopts the technical scheme that a model box for containing sandy soil is provided, and the bottom of the model box is provided with a plurality of displacement loading mechanisms capable of translating or rotating. The invention can realize the monitoring of the soil arching effect under the translation, rotation, active and passive displacement modes, but can not solve the stability problem of the soil arching effect under the action of surface load.
A Trapdoor model test device is disclosed in the thesis Trapdoor model test research on the influence of loading conditions on the soil arch effect. The displacement of the movable door in the device is manually controlled by a lifting motor, is irrelevant to the overlying pressure of the movable door, and is kept unchanged in the surface load loading process. However, in actual works, the displacement of the movable door is related to the overlying soil pressure thereof, and the displacement of the movable door changes with the change of the overlying soil pressure due to the application of the surface load.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the conventional Trapdoor model test cannot truly reflect the evolution rule of a soil arch under the action of load, and provides a Trapdoor model test device and a test method thereof under the static and dynamic load condition.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load condition, is including holding the proof box that fills out soil, the upper portion of proof box is equipped with the loading mechanism who applys load to filling out soil, the bottom of proof box is equipped with fixed unit and dodge gate unit, fixed unit is located the both sides of dodge gate unit, the dodge gate unit by first sheet metal, locate the spring and the magnetic force lock of first sheet metal bottom are constituteed under the loading mechanism loading effect, the dodge gate unit takes place the displacement and changes for the native hunch evolution mechanism under the effect of true simulation local load.
Furthermore, the springs can be detachably arranged, and the springs with different stiffness can be replaced according to requirements, so that simulation of different relative displacement is realized.
Further, the movable door unit is composed of one or more first thin plates, and the width of the movable door can be changed by controlling the number of the movable doors.
Furthermore, the fixing unit is composed of a second thin plate and a steel support arranged at the lower part of the second thin plate.
Furthermore, a displacement meter for monitoring the displacement of the spring is arranged on the first thin plate of the movable door unit, and soil pressure gauges for monitoring the change condition of the moving soil pressure are arranged in the filling soil and on the first thin plate and the second thin plate.
Furthermore, filling soil is paved inside the test box, a plurality of layers of rib materials are paved inside the filling soil, and strain gauges for monitoring axial force changes of the rib materials are arranged on the surfaces of the rib materials.
Furthermore, the proof box comprises four panels, wherein the front panel comprises transparent organic glass to the observation of filling out the soil deformation in the experiment, other trilateral comprises the steel sheet, and some semicircle orifices of diameter 2.0cm are all reserved to each steel sheet, for convenient model inside monitoring element line.
Further, the loading mechanism is mounted at the lower part of the reaction frame positioned at the upper part of the test box and comprises a servo control box, a loading controller, a pressure sensor and a loading plate, the loading controller is connected at the lower part of the servo control box, the pressure sensor is connected at the lower part of the loading controller, the loading plate is connected at the lower part of the pressure sensor through a screw rod, a displacement meter for monitoring the sedimentation of the top of the filler is mounted on the loading plate, and the test filling is loaded through the loading plate. The servo control box drives the loading controller to load according to the specified waveform, the loading controller and the lower loading plate are connected through the screw rod so as to be convenient to detach, and before the test, the loading plate with the corresponding length can be selected according to the test requirement to replace so as to research the influence rule of the load loading range on the soil arch effect.
Furthermore, the test box is connected with a PIV monitoring system for monitoring the displacement development rule of the soil arch effect under the action of surface static and dynamic loads, the PIV monitoring system is a high-speed camera monitoring system, and the PIV transient, multi-point and non-contact particle imaging speed measurement technology is combined.
A Trapdoor model test method under static and dynamic load conditions is carried out by adopting the Trapdoor model test device under the static and dynamic load conditions, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: configuring corresponding filling according to a set filling particle grading curve;
step 2: setting a movable door mode and the number of movable doors, and adjusting the height of the movable door unit to ensure that the movable door unit and the fixed unit are at the same horizontal height;
and step 3: laying soil pressure sensors in grooves of thin plates of the movable door unit and the fixed unit, filling soil into the test box layer by layer according to the selected compactness, and laying reinforcement materials at corresponding positions;
and 4, step 4: the movable door unit is descended by controlling the magnetic lock to form an initial soil arch, and the development rules of soil pressure, reinforcement strain and soil filling displacement are monitored;
and 5: and applying specified load to the surface of the filled soil, and monitoring the rules of soil pressure, reinforcement strain and filled soil displacement development.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the Trapdoor model test device under the static and dynamic load condition can be used for researching the characteristic of soil arch degradation under the local static and dynamic load and clarifying the evolution mechanism of the soil arch degradation; the method can be used for researching the influence of the geosynthetic material reinforcement on the evolution law of the soil arch.
2. The invention improves the displacement control box into a spring, determines the displacement of the movable door according to the earth covering pressure on the movable door, and more truly reflects the formation condition of the earth arch. Under the action of the local surface load, the overlying pressure of the movable door is changed, correspondingly, the displacement of the movable door is changed, and the evolution law of the soil arch under the action of the local surface load is more truly researched.
3. The springs below the movable door are detachable, and the springs with different rigidity can be replaced according to the properties of a soil body, so that different relative displacements can be generated between the fixed unit and the movable door, and the influence of different displacements of the Trapdoor on the soil arch evolution rule under the action of local load can be researched.
4. The movable door unit has various setting modes, and the width of the movable door can be changed by controlling the number of the movable doors.
5. The loading mechanism can load according to a specified waveform file (static load or dynamic load), and meets the requirements of different engineering conditions.
6. The model of the invention can be repeatedly used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic loading conditions according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic loading conditions according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the Trapdoor model box under static and dynamic loading conditions of the present invention;
FIGS. 4 to 6 are detailed views of the arrangement mode of the movable door of the Trapdoor model test device under the static and dynamic load condition;
in the figure: 1-test chamber; 2-a loading mechanism; 3-a reaction frame; 4-a movable door unit; 5-a fixation unit; 6-first sheet (active unit); 7-a spring; 8-magnetic lock; 9-second sheet (fixed unit); 10-a steel support; 11-a rib material; 12-filling soil; 13-a servo control box; 14-loading a controller; 15-a pressure sensor; 16-a loading plate; 17-a screw; 18-a displacement meter; 19-PIV monitoring system; 20-organic glass plate; 21. 22, 23-steel plate; 24-round hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, a Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load conditions comprises a test box 1, a loading mechanism 2, a reaction frame 3 and a PIV monitoring system 19. The bottom of the test chamber is provided with a movable door unit 4 and a fixed unit 5, the movable door unit 4 is composed of a first thin plate 6, a spring 7 and a magnetic lock 8, and the fixed unit 5 is composed of a second thin plate 9 and a steel support 10. The movable door unit 4 can move under the action of the self weight of the filled soil and the surface load, and the fixed unit 5 cannot move. The first thin plate 6 and the second thin plate 9 are provided with grooves for the soil pressure sensors and the wiring.
The displacement of dodge gate among traditional Trapdoor test device is controlled by the displacement control case, and is irrelevant with dodge gate overburden earth pressure, and when surperficial static and dynamic load applyed, the displacement of dodge gate remained unchanged. This is not in accordance with the actual engineering situation. Therefore, the displacement control box is improved into a spring, the displacement of the movable door is determined by the overlying pressure, and when the filled soil surface bears the action of additional load, the displacement of the movable door is changed along with the displacement of the movable door, so that the evolution rule of the soil arch is reflected more truly. The spring 7 below the movable door is detachable, and springs with different rigidity can be replaced according to the requirements of experimental research so as to realize the simulation of the soil arch under different displacements.
Like figure 2, the front side board of proof box comprises transparent organic glass board 20 to in the experiment to the observation of filler deformation, steel sheet 21, 22, 23 by other trilateral constitutions, for the convenient inside monitoring element of model walks the line, except that organic glass one side, some diameter 2.0 cm's round hole 24 is all reserved to each steel sheet.
As shown in fig. 3, the loading mechanism 2 is mainly composed of a servo control box 13 and a loading controller 14, and the test packing is loaded through a loading plate 16 under the control of an electric servo control system. Corresponding control software is programmed for a servo control box 13 of the device, corresponding waveform files can be defined according to required loading waveforms before a test, and the waveform files are led into the control software, so that a servo system can drive a loading controller to load according to specified waveforms. To determine whether the loading controller output force waveform corresponds to the specified waveform, a pressure sensor 15 is installed between the loading controller 14 and the load plate 16 to monitor the actual output value of the surface load. The loading controller 14 and the lower loading plate 16 are connected through a screw 17 to facilitate disassembly, the loading plate with the corresponding length can be selected for replacement according to test requirements before a test, so as to research the influence rule of a load loading range on the soil arch effect, a displacement meter 18 is arranged on the loading plate, and the settlement of the top of the filled soil is monitored.
Referring to fig. 4-5, the movable door of the present invention has 3 arrangements. The soil arch evolution law is explored by the aid of the mode that the first mode is composed of 1 thin plate, the second mode is composed of 2 thin plates, and the third mode is composed of 4 thin plates. In the third arrangement mode of the movable door, the width of the movable door can be changed by controlling the number of the movable doors. In the sand filling process, the spring is kept still, and the movable door does not displace. After the sand material is filled, the width of the movable door is determined by controlling the corresponding numbered switch of the movable door, and the spring is compressed and the movable door descends to form a soil arch under the self-weight action of the filled soil.
The PIV monitoring system 19 is a high-speed camera monitoring system and can be combined with a PIV transient, multi-point and non-contact particle imaging speed measurement technology to monitor the soil arch formation process and the displacement development rule under the action of surface static and dynamic loads.
A Trapdoor model test method under the action of static and dynamic loads comprises the following steps: a) configuring corresponding filling according to a set filling particle grading curve;
b) selecting a proper rib material and performing a tensile test;
c) compiling a corresponding load file;
d) selecting a setting mode of the movable doors 4 and the number of the movable doors, and adjusting the height of the movable door unit to ensure that the movable door unit and the fixed unit are at the same horizontal height; a load plate 16 of a target length is installed;
e) soil pressure sensors are arranged in the grooves of the thin plates of the movable door unit and the fixed unit;
f) filling the filling soil into the test box layer by a quality-volume control method, and paving the reinforcement materials at corresponding positions; burying soil pressure sensors in the filled soil according to different heights, and distributing strain gauges on the surfaces of the reinforcement materials;
g) the movable door unit 4 is lowered by controlling the switch, and the internal stress of the filled soil is redistributed to form an initial soil arch. Monitoring the change of soil pressure through a soil pressure sensor, monitoring the change condition of the axial force of the reinforcement through a strain gauge, and acquiring the development rule of the filling displacement through a PIV monitoring system 19;
h) changing the length of the screw 17 to enable the loading plate 16 to be in contact with the surface of the filled soil, applying a specified load (static load or dynamic load) to the surface of the filled soil through the loading mechanism 2, monitoring the change of the soil pressure through the soil pressure sensor, monitoring the change condition of the axial force of the reinforcement through the strain gauge, and obtaining the development rule of the filled soil displacement through the PIV monitoring system 19;
i) and (6) collating the test data.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load condition, is including holding proof box (1) of banketing (12), the upper portion of proof box (1) is equipped with load mechanism (2) of applying load to the banketing, the bottom of proof box (1) is equipped with fixed unit (5) and dodge gate unit (4), fixed unit (5) are located the both sides of dodge gate unit (4), its characterized in that:
the movable door unit (4) consists of a first thin plate (6), a spring (7) arranged at the bottom of the first thin plate (6) and a magnetic lock (8), and under the action of the self weight of the filled soil and the load of the loading mechanism (2), the movable door unit (4) spontaneously generates displacement change and is used for truly simulating a soil arch formation and evolution mechanism under the action of local load;
the springs (7) are detachably arranged, and springs with different rigidities can be replaced according to the properties of soil bodies, so that simulation of soil arches under different relative displacements and engineering backgrounds is realized;
the movable door unit (4) is composed of one or more first thin plates (6);
the test device is used for researching the evolution rule of the soil arch under the action of local load.
2. The Trapdoor model test device under the static and dynamic load condition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing unit (5) is composed of a second thin plate (9) and a steel support (10) arranged at the lower part of the second thin plate (9).
3. The Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load conditions as claimed in claim 2, wherein a displacement meter for monitoring the displacement of the spring is arranged on the first thin plate (6) of the movable door unit, and soil pressure gauges for monitoring the change condition of the pressure of the moving soil are arranged in the filling soil (12) and on the first and second thin plates.
4. The Trapdoor model test device under the static and dynamic load condition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the test box is internally laid with filling soil (12), the filling soil (12) is internally laid with a plurality of layers of reinforcements (11), and the surface of the reinforcement (11) is laid with strain gauges for monitoring the axial force change of the reinforcement.
5. The Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load conditions, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the test chamber is composed of four panels, wherein the front panel is composed of transparent plexiglass to facilitate the observation of the deformation of the filler in the test, and the other three panels are composed of steel plates.
6. The Trapdoor model test device under static and dynamic load conditions is characterized in that the loading mechanism (2) is arranged at the lower part of a reaction frame (3) positioned at the upper part of the test box (1) and comprises a servo control box (13), a loading controller (14), a pressure sensor (15) and a loading plate (16);
the loading controller (14) is connected to the lower part of the servo control box (13), the pressure sensor (15) is connected to the lower part of the loading controller (14), the loading plate (16) is connected to the lower part of the pressure sensor (15) through a screw (17), and a displacement meter (18) for monitoring the sedimentation of the top of the filler is mounted on the loading plate (16).
7. The Trapdoor model test device under the static and dynamic load condition is characterized in that the test box (1) is connected with a PIV system (19) for monitoring the displacement development rule of the soil arch effect under the action of the static and dynamic load of the surface.
8. A Trapdoor model test method under static and dynamic load conditions is characterized by being carried out by adopting the Trapdoor model test device under the static and dynamic load conditions according to any one of claims 2 to 7, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
step 1: configuring corresponding filling according to a set filling particle grading curve;
step 2: setting a movable door mode and the number of movable doors, and adjusting the height of the movable door unit to ensure that the movable door unit and the fixed unit are at the same horizontal height;
and step 3: laying soil pressure sensors in grooves of thin plates of the movable door unit and the fixed unit, filling soil into the test box layer by layer according to the selected compactness, and laying reinforcement materials at corresponding positions;
and 4, step 4: opening the magnetic lock, compressing the spring under the movable door unit under the action of the self weight of the filled soil on the upper part, so that the movable door unit descends to form an initial soil arch under the self weight of the filled soil, and monitoring the development rules of soil pressure, reinforcement strain and filled soil displacement;
and 5: and applying specified load to the surface of the filled soil, and monitoring the rules of soil pressure, reinforcement strain and filled soil displacement development.
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| CN113776965B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-10-03 | 湖北工业大学 | Simulation test device and method for change rule of culvert soil arch under load effect |
| CN114547865B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-04-25 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating internal force of small-spacing reinforced soil abutment rib materials in working state |
| CN114965953B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-07-21 | 湖南大学 | Movable door test device for influence of differential settlement on soil arch effect under seepage effect |
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