CN109869137A - A kind of pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method based on flowmeter and indicator card - Google Patents
A kind of pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method based on flowmeter and indicator card Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method based on flowmeter and indicator card, by analyzing oil well ground function figure, in conjunction with oil field actual production data and static parameter, oil well effective stroke, Liquid output are calculated, is calculated using the flow that distance weighting method calculates flowmeter.And compared according to the above two method for calculating yield, calculate wastage.By the difference between analysis oil well output and setting value, using forward feedback correction or the control strategy of feedback compensation, frequency control is carried out to oil well, is produced daily in combination with pumpingh well, pumpingh well fixed output quota range is modified.The present invention changes in the past under traditional mode, the case where oil well exhaustive exploitation, it can be according to oil field actual conditions rational field output, change previous oil field exhaustive exploitation, cannot be to the status that pumpingh well is adjusted in real time, realization frequency conversion optimizes on the basis of playing reservoir potentiality to greatest extent, realizes the management mode of pumpingh well fining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil field pumping well production model field, specifically a kind of pumping based on flowmeter and indicator card
Oil well fixed output quota mode control method.
Background technique
With deepening continuously for oil field development, remaining reserves are constantly reduced, and becoming of gradually successively decreasing also is presented in light quiet yield
Gesture, in the petroleum resources in China, crude oil yield is mainly using oil field or mining area as independent unit, crude oil initial stage library
Although depositing the four part crude outputs such as difference and oil loss amount as a kind of measurement index, China's national situation is both adapted to, also to stone
Oily industrial expansion, which has served, to be greatly facilitated.But these yield indexs used when calculating, there is certain office
It is sex-limited, can only have to the achievement in kind of acquisition it is shown, but by crude oil from explore to during the entire process of exploitation fund,
Technology, operating cost investment reflect, and the maximization of enterprise is difficult to the embodiment quantified.Moreover, condition of market economy
Under, during enterprise production and management, crude output maximization is no longer final goal, should be with the maximum of final economic benefit
Change the achievement for measuring enterprise operation production.Because, will be final if enterprise continues using simple pursuit crude output as target
Lead to each oil field to reach yield target, and it is unscrupulous using extensive management mode, only focus on quantity and increases
Long and scale enlargement, this will be such that oil field falls into constantly to seek in the maximized vicious circle of crude output index, lead to oil
Field appearance investment is high, but low output and consequence of poor benefits.
Pumpingh well fixed output quota mode basic principle be exactly by based on indicator card calculate oil well output, and with well group flowmeter into
Row compares, and realizes the adjustment of oil well output using the method for forward feedback correction or feedback compensation to its difference, guarantees the daily output
For definite value.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control based on flowmeter and indicator card
Method processed, in conjunction with oil field actual production data and static parameter, it is effective to calculate oil well by analyzing oil well ground function figure
Stroke, Liquid output are calculated using the flow that distance weighting method calculates flowmeter.And according to above two calculating yield
Method compares, and calculates wastage.By the difference between analysis oil well output and setting value, using forward feedback correction or feedback
The control strategy of compensation carries out frequency control to oil well, produces daily in combination with pumpingh well, repair to pumpingh well fixed output quota range
Just.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is: a kind of pumpingh well based on flowmeter and indicator card
Fixed output quota mode control method, comprising the following steps:
Oil well effective stroke, yield are obtained according to oil well ground function figure, the stream calculated using distance weighting method flowmeter
Amount is calculated；
And compared according to the above two method for calculating yield, calculate wastage；
In conjunction with indicator card, by analyzing oil well output, frequency control is carried out to oil well using forward feedback correction or feedback compensation.
It is described that oil well effective stroke, Liquid output are obtained specifically by indicator card data analysis meter according to oil well ground function figure
Calculation obtains the oil pumping well production of half an hour, calculates pumpingh well effective stroke using 5 curvature methods, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) mean filter is carried out to initial indicator card data:
Wherein, PiFor indicator card displacement point；FjFor the indicator card point of load；M is filter order；
(2) data normalization:
Pi=(Pi-Pmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)
Fj=(Fj-Fmin)/(Fmax-Fmin)
PmaxMaximum value, P are displaced for pump dynagraophminMinimum value, F are displaced for pump dynagraophmaxFor pump dynagraoph Maximal loading, Fmin
For pump dynagraoph load minimum value；
(3) curvature is calculated:
The curvature at any point can be according to five adjacent point P on indicator card curvei-2(si-2,fi-2),Pi-1(si-1,
fi-1),Pi(si,fi),Pi+1(si+1,fi+1),Pi+2(si+2,fi+2) between geometrical relationship calculate:
Ki=Δ θi/Δli
Wherein,
(4) Curvature varying amount is calculated
δKi=| Ki+1-Ki|
Curvature varying amount is corrected
δKi'=(δ Ki-1+δKi+δKi+1)/3
(5) actual production is calculated:
By seeking each area's point of maximum curvature to indicator card subregion, and then four inflection points of indicator card are acquired, obtained effectively
Stroke；Known effective stroke, then the oil pumping well production calculated based on indicator card are as follows:
Qs=cc·πD2/4·Sy·30
In formula, QsFor half an hour oil pumping well production；ccFor pumpingh well jig frequency；D is pump diameter；SyFor pumpingh well effective stroke.
The flow calculated using distance weighting method flowmeter is calculated specifically:
Enable data point A1(a1,b1) to data point A1+n(a1+n,b1+n) distance be d, then have:
D=((a1+n-a1)2+(b1+n-b1)2)0.5
It finds out in data point A1And A1+nBetween n-1 data point value, i.e., the daily estimation of individual well during this week
Value are as follows:
Ai=(ai,b1+(b1+n-b1)(i-1)/d)
Wherein, n is total well number of the well group；aiIt is i-th day of individual well；biFor i-th day yield.
The calculating pumpingh well wastage the following steps are included:
Ql=Qs-Qj
In formula, QjThe half an hour flow obtained for flow measurement；QsFor half an hour oil pumping well production, QlFor half an hour wastage.
The combination indicator card carries out frequency conversion to oil well using forward feedback correction or feedback compensation by analyzing oil well output
Control, specifically:
The real-time yield that oil well is acquired by function figure, according to the demand at scene, using the side of forward feedback correction or feedback compensation
Formula realizes frequency control to pumpingh well.
The forward feedback correction method are as follows:
Expression formula is established according to the relationship between flow and jig frequency, is carried out curve fitting using least square method, keeps it full
Foot:
In formula, Φ is function class,For any form of letter in function class
Number；M is the number of actual observation point；(xi,yi) indicate the flow of observation point, jig frequency；
The Selection of Function in function class solves above-mentioned equation, obtains the flow of individual well and the relationship of jig frequency:
In formula, αiFor the unknown parameter of arbitrary function in function class, i=0,1 ... n, n indicate curve matching order of a polynomial
Number；
For oil well output, the jig frequency of subsequent time is arrived according to the relationship of the flow of individual well and jig frequency.
The feedback compensation are as follows:
Difference e by the current time yield q'(k of indicator card calculating) with the yield setting value q (k) of per half an hour
(k), as departure compensation into the yield setting value at next moment, and according to new yield preset value calculation subsequent time
The jig frequency n (k+1)=2 (q (k)+q'(k) of pumpingh well)/(15 π D2Sy)；
In formula, n (k+1) is the beam-pumping unit jig frequency setting value of subsequent time；SyFor the effective stroke of current function figure, D is pump
Diameter.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantage:
1, under current technical status, the acquisition of oil well ground function figure has been carried out real time implementation, thus using forward feedback correction and
The control strategy of feedback compensation realizes the optimization of oil well Real-time frequency conversion, guarantees the accurate fixed output quota of oil well；
2, fixed output quota mode by comparison flowmeter and indicator card calculate yield as a result, realizing the real-time update of wastage
And adjustment；
3, it is sought using the indicator card effective stroke based on mean filter, realizes the essence for calculating yield based on indicator card
Exactness；
4, it by determining fixed output quota mode yield setting value section, prevents from leading to pumpingh well equipment damage because setting value is excessive,
Reduce the failure rate of pumpingh well equipment；
5, the case where present invention changes in the past under traditional mode, oil well exhaustive exploitation, can be according to the practical feelings in oil field
Condition rational field output, changes previous oil field exhaustive exploitation, cannot be to the status that pumpingh well is adjusted in real time, to greatest extent
Performance reservoir potentiality on the basis of realize frequency conversion optimization, realize pumpingh well fining management mode.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is fixed output quota mode whole process figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is feedback compensation flow chart of the invention；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The present invention is directed to the technical need of rod-pumped well frequency control production, devises a kind of new rod-pumped well fixed output quota mould
Formula control method.The present invention is by analyzing oil well ground function figure, in conjunction with oil field actual production data and static parameter, meter
Oil well effective stroke, Liquid output are calculated, is calculated using the flow that distance weighting method calculates flowmeter.And according to above two
The method for calculating yield compares, and calculates wastage.By the difference between analysis oil well output and setting value, using feedforward
The control strategy of correction or feedback compensation carries out frequency control to oil well, produces daily in combination with pumpingh well, to pumpingh well fixed output quota model
It encloses and is modified.The present invention is changed by using the pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method combined based on flowmeter and indicator card
Become under previous traditional mode, the raising of oil well pump efficiency cannot be real dependent on means such as maintenance activity, well stimulation, tune ginseng optimizations
The limitation of existing Filled function and yield control excessively rely on artificial participation, can not achieve the shortcomings that yield is accurately adjusted.This
Invention reduces oil mining energy consumption, improves oil pumping to play realization frequency conversion optimization on the basis of reservoir potentiality to greatest extent
Motor-pumped well system effectiveness realizes that Field Force can according to need quantitative production.
By analyzing oil well ground function figure, in conjunction with oil field actual production data and static parameter, calculating oil well has
Stroke, Liquid output are imitated, is calculated using the flow that distance weighting method calculates flowmeter.And according to above two calculating yield
Method compare, calculate wastage.
By the difference between analysis oil well output and setting value, using forward feedback correction or the control strategy of feedback compensation,
Frequency control is carried out to oil well, is produced daily in combination with pumpingh well, pumpingh well fixed output quota range is modified.As shown in Figure 1.
1, the oil pumping well production of half an hour is obtained by indicator card data analytical calculation, is calculated and is taken out using 5 curvature methods
Oil well effective stroke, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) mean filter is carried out to initial indicator card data:
Wherein, PiFor indicator card displacement point；FjFor the indicator card point of load；M is filter order.
(2) data normalization:
Pi=(Pi-Pmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)
Fj=(Fj-Fmin)/(Fmax-Fmin)
(3) curvature is calculated:
Calculating curvature is to look for the inflection point on indicator card, the i.e. unlatching of fixed valve and travelling valve, closing point.Indicator card is bent
The curvature at any point can be calculated according to the geometrical relationship between five adjacent points on line:
Ki=Δ θi/li
Wherein,
(4) Curvature varying amount is calculated:
δKi=| Ki+1-Ki|
δKi'=(δ Ki-1+δKi+δKi+1)/3
(5) actual production is calculated:
By seeking each area's point of maximum curvature to indicator card subregion, and then four inflection points of indicator card are acquired, obtained effectively
Stroke.Known effective stroke, then the oil pumping well production calculated based on indicator card are as follows:
Qs=cc·πD2/4·Sy·30
In formula, QsFor half an hour oil pumping well production；ccFor pumpingh well jig frequency；D is pump diameter；SyFor pumpingh well effective stroke.
2, oil pumping well production is calculated by flowmeter
For extending oil field, six mouthfuls of pumpingh wells constitute a well group, and each well group installs a flowmeter, passes through flow
The timing for cutting of meter brings the actual production of measurement each well.
The switchover policy that current flux meter uses is measured for the mode of switching in each well one day one, and flowmeter can be every
At 8 points in its morning switches over.And export the well data of the previous day of record, the content of data is per half an hour pumpingh well
Production information, totally 48 information.Every information includes: initial time and the termination time, per half an hour of per half an hour
Yield data, oil pumping well information of per half an hour etc..
In practical applications, due to flowmeter obtain be individual well discrete message, i.e., each well in one cycle only
One day flow information can be obtained, it is therefore desirable to carry out at rule to several day datas unknown in its period using some way
Reason, therefore by the historical text of analysis flowmeter measurement individual well, the prediction model of individual well is established, and by model
It solves, the daily yield of prediction individual well.
This patent is using by distance weighting method, it is assumed that influence of the data point closer to the distance of certain point to the point is more
Greatly, if only considering the several data points nearest from certain point, these are influenced on the value of the point and distance dependent, the remoter shadow of distance
Sound is smaller.
Enable data point A1(a1,b1) to data point A1+n(a1+n,b1+n) distance be d, then have:
D=((a1+n-a1)2+(b1+n-b1)2)0.5
It finds out in data point A1And A1+nBetween n-1 data point value, i.e., the daily estimation of individual well during this week
Value are as follows:
Ai=(ai,b1+(b1+n-b1)(i-1)/d)
Wherein, n is total well number of the well group；aiIt is i-th day of individual well；biFor i-th day yield.
3, the wastage of half an hour is calculated
The yield of yield and the flowmeter measurement calculated according to indicator card calculates wastage.
Ql=Qs-Qj
In formula, QjThe half an hour flow obtained for flow measurement；QlFor half an hour wastage.
Because wastage can change at any time with the variation of the geologic feature in oil field, the wastage of calculating also can with when
Between constantly change.Therefore, the strategy that a wastage is calculated using each period, guarantees that the calculating error of wastage is continuously available
Amendment.
4, the accurate fixed output quota of pumpingh well is realized using the control strategy of forward feedback correction and feedback compensation.
Because pumpingh well frequency control is a time lag inertial element, this need to be eliminated using certain control means
Kind error, it is forward feedback correction and feedback compensation control method respectively that there is employed herein two methods to solve this problem.
(1) forward feedback correction
In practical applications, feedforward is formulated by the yield jig frequency relationship corresponding with pumpingh well of analysis flowmeter metering
The principle of Corrective control strategy, forward feedback correction is also known as disturbance compensation, is adjusted according to the interference size for causing controlled variable to change
Section, the variation of load disturbance amount is directly measured in this regulating system, when interference has just occurred and can be measured, adjusted
Section device, which can issue signal, makes regulated quantity make corresponding variation, and both formulas are offset before regulated variable deviates.
As shown in the table, the relationship between certain mouthful of well half an hour flow and corresponding jig frequency:
Expression formula is established to the relationship between above-mentioned flow and jig frequency, is carried out curve fitting using least square method, makes it
Meet:
In formula, Φ is function class,For any form of letter in function class
Number；M is the number of actual observation point；(xi,yi) it is observation point coordinate.
Suitable function is chosen in function class, and above-mentioned equation is solved, is obtained:
In formula, αiFor the unknown parameter of arbitrary function in function class.
In this way, can be indicated with a certain expression formula between the flow and jig frequency of individual well, therefore, to the pumping at current time
When oil well carries out instruction issuing, it can be compared according to the Production rate value of current time pumpingh well with theory setting value, then
According to the changing value of the relation curve advance correction yield of fitting, and then adjust the jig frequency value of subsequent time.
(2) feedback compensation
Feedback compensation is i.e. in feedback system, and the control action that control device applies controlled device is controlled by obtaining
The feedback information of amount constantly corrects the deviation between controlled volume and input quantity, thus what realization controlled controlled device
Task.
As shown in Fig. 2, the step of feedback compensation, is as follows: the current time yield q'(k that indicator card is calculated) and every half
The difference e (k) of the yield setting value q (k) of hour, as departure compensation into the yield setting value at next moment, and root
According to the jig frequency n (k+1) of new yield preset value calculation subsequent time pumpingh well.
Then according to feedback compensation principle, pumpingh well jig frequency Adjustment principle, i.e. the jig frequency setting of pumpingh well subsequent time are set
Value are as follows:
N (k+1)=2 (q (k)+q'(k))/(15 π D2Sy)
In formula, n (k+1) is the beam-pumping unit jig frequency setting value of subsequent time；Q (k) is the theory setting value of per half an hour；
It q'(k) is last moment Production rate value, e (k) is the difference produced based on function figure folding with setting value, SyFor the effective of current function figure
Stroke, D are pump diameter.
5, fixed output quota mode yield setting value section is determined
When pumpingh well feed flow is in good condition, jig frequency can be increased at this moment to improve yield, but when jig frequency increases to centainly
When degree, quick pumping will lead to underground and be deteriorated for liquid status, and yield can decline instead, therefore well yield of pumping has one
A maximum value needs to find out this maximum value and limits to the yield setting value of fixed output quota mode, prevents because setting value is excessive
Cause the damage of pumpingh well equipment.The method of yield maximum value sought using statistics, passes through the system to the individual well daily output
Count the maximum production to determine the well.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method based on flowmeter and indicator card, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Obtain oil well effective stroke, yield according to oil well ground function figure, the flow that flowmeter is calculated using distance weighting method into
Row calculates；
And compared according to the above two method for calculating yield, calculate wastage；
In conjunction with indicator card, by analyzing oil well output, frequency control is carried out to oil well using forward feedback correction or feedback compensation.
2. the pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method according to claim 1 based on flowmeter and indicator card, feature exist
It oil well effective stroke, Liquid output is obtained according to oil well ground function figure is obtained specifically by indicator card data analytical calculation in described
The oil pumping well production of half an hour calculates pumpingh well effective stroke using 5 curvature methods, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) mean filter is carried out to initial indicator card data:
Wherein, PiFor indicator card displacement point；FjFor the indicator card point of load；M is filter order；
(2) data normalization:
Pi=(Pi-Pmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)
Fj=(Fj-Fmin)/(Fmax-Fmin)
PmaxMaximum value, P are displaced for pump dynagraophminMinimum value, F are displaced for pump dynagraophmaxFor pump dynagraoph Maximal loading, FminFor pump
Function figure load minimum value；
(3) curvature is calculated:
The curvature at any point can be according to five adjacent point P on indicator card curvei-2(si-2,fi-2),Pi-1(si-1,fi-1),Pi
(si,fi),Pi+1(si+1,fi+1),Pi+2(si+2,fi+2) between geometrical relationship calculate:
Ki=Δ θi/Δli
Wherein,
(4) Curvature varying amount is calculated
δKi=| Ki+1-Ki|
Curvature varying amount is corrected
δKi'=(δ Ki-1+δKi+δKi+1)/3
(5) actual production is calculated:
By seeking each area's point of maximum curvature to indicator card subregion, and then four inflection points of indicator card are acquired, is effectively rushed
Journey；Known effective stroke, then the oil pumping well production calculated based on indicator card are as follows:
Qs=cc·πD2/4·Sy·30
In formula, QsFor half an hour oil pumping well production；ccFor pumpingh well jig frequency；D is pump diameter；SyFor pumpingh well effective stroke.
3. the pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method according to claim 1 based on flowmeter and indicator card, feature exist
It is calculated in the flow calculated using distance weighting method flowmeter specifically:
Enable data point A1(a1,b1) to data point A1+n(a1+n,b1+n) distance be d, then have:
D=((a1+n-a1)2+(b1+n-b1)2)0.5
It finds out in data point A1And A1+nBetween n-1 data point value, i.e., the daily estimated value of individual well during this week are as follows:
Ai=(ai,b1+(b1+n-b1)(i-1)/d)
Wherein, n is total well number of the well group；aiIt is i-th day of individual well；biFor i-th day yield.
4. the pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method according to claim 3 based on flowmeter and indicator card, feature exist
In the calculating pumpingh well wastage the following steps are included:
Ql=Qs-Qj
In formula, QjThe half an hour flow obtained for flow measurement；QsFor half an hour oil pumping well production, QlFor half an hour wastage.
5. the pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method according to claim 4 based on flowmeter and indicator card, feature exist
In the combination indicator card, by analyzing oil well output, frequency control, tool are carried out to oil well using forward feedback correction or feedback compensation
Body are as follows:
The real-time yield that oil well is acquired by function figure, according to the demand at scene, by the way of forward feedback correction or feedback compensation pair
Pumpingh well realizes frequency control.
6. the pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method according to claim 5 based on flowmeter and indicator card, feature exist
In the forward feedback correction method are as follows:
Expression formula is established according to the relationship between flow and jig frequency, is carried out curve fitting using least square method, its satisfaction is made:
In formula, Φ is function class, For any form of function in function class；M is
The number of actual observation point；(xi,yi) indicate the flow of observation point, jig frequency；
The Selection of Function in function class solves above-mentioned equation, obtains the flow of individual well and the relationship of jig frequency:
In formula, αiFor the unknown parameter of arbitrary function in function class, i=0,1 ... n, n indicate the polynomial order of curve matching；
For oil well output, the jig frequency of subsequent time is arrived according to the relationship of the flow of individual well and jig frequency.
7. the pumpingh well fixed output quota mode control method according to claim 5 based on flowmeter and indicator card, feature exist
In the feedback compensation are as follows:
Difference e (k) by the current time yield q'(k of indicator card calculating) with the yield setting value q (k) of per half an hour, makees
It is departure compensation into the yield setting value at next moment, and according to new yield preset value calculation subsequent time pumpingh well
Jig frequency n (k+1)=2 (q (k)+q'(k))/(15 π D2Sy)；
In formula, n (k+1) is the beam-pumping unit jig frequency setting value of subsequent time；SyFor the effective stroke of current function figure, D is pump diameter.
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| CN112127869A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Zero-viewing flow correction method, oil gas water flow logging method and turbine flow instrument |
| CN112343549A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-02-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司孤岛采油厂 | Pneumatic screw pump mixed-flooding oil production process pipe column |
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