CN109869126B - Fracturing tracing simulation experiment device and method - Google Patents
Fracturing tracing simulation experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fracturing tracing simulation experiment device and an experiment method, wherein the experiment device comprises a fracturing fluid forward extrusion simulation system and a fracturing fluid flowback simulation system; the fracturing fluid forward-extrusion simulation system comprises an injection pump, an intermediate container, a reservoir simulation groove, a high-pressure liquid tank and a gas cylinder; the fracturing fluid back-flow simulation system comprises a sample bottle, a back-pressure valve, a reservoir simulation groove, a high-pressure fluid tank and an injection pump; the reservoir simulation groove comprises a simulation crack, a simulation supply layer and a simulation reservoir; the simulation supply layer made of epoxy resin consolidated large-particle-size ceramsite is positioned at the edge of the reservoir simulation groove, and can simulate the energy supplement of far-well reservoir fluid to a near wellbore zone in a fracturing flowback stage. The experimental device provided by the invention can simulate the squeezing of the fracturing fluid into the stratum and the flow-back process of the fracturing fluid, has the advantages of complete experimental functions and simple and convenient equipment operation, and can meet the requirement of experimental simulation of a fracturing tracing technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of physical simulation experiments of petroleum and natural gas, and relates to a fracturing tracing simulation experiment device and an experiment method.
Background
Along with the large-scale development of low-permeability, ultra-low permeability, compact oil and gas fields in China, fracturing modification is a key technology for realizing the efficient development of reservoirs, but due to multiple influences of geological factors and engineering factors, the problems that fracturing cracks are difficult to effectively characterize, actually formed crack networks have large deviation with simulation results and the like exist.
At present, the technical means of fracturing tracing is applied to a mine to evaluate the fracturing effect, but the technology is high in complexity, so that the pure theoretical research is often difficult to match with the actual mine. At present, the understanding of the flowback characteristics of fracturing fluid under different fracture forms, different reservoir characteristics and different flowback systems is still in a starting stage, the quantitative description of the fracture forms is difficult according to the flowback characteristics of the fracturing fluid, and a special physical simulation experiment device needs to be developed to assist the theoretical research and the mine field application of the fracturing tracing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a fracturing tracing simulation experiment device and an experiment method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fracturing tracing simulation experiment device comprises an injection system, a reservoir simulation tank, a recovery device and a flowback driving system, wherein an outlet of the injection system is connected with an inlet of the reservoir simulation tank;
the inlet of the reservoir simulation tank is connected with a recovery device, the inlet of the recovery device is provided with a valve, and the recovery device is used for recovering fluid discharged back from the reservoir simulation tank;
the backflow driving system comprises a high-pressure liquid tank, a first injection pump and a gas cylinder, wherein a closed piston is arranged in the high-pressure liquid tank; a first closed chamber is arranged at one side of the closed piston in the high-pressure liquid tank, and a second closed chamber is arranged at the other side of the closed piston; the first closed chamber is communicated with an outlet of the gas cylinder, and the outlet of the gas cylinder is provided with a valve; the second closed chamber is communicated with the outlet of the first injection pump and the outlet of the reservoir simulation groove, and the outlet of the first injection pump is provided with a valve.
The injection system comprises a second injection pump and a plurality of intermediate containers, the intermediate containers are connected in parallel, an outlet of the second injection pump is connected with an inlet of the intermediate container, and an outlet of the intermediate container is connected with an inlet of the reservoir simulation tank; the inlet and outlet of the intermediate container are provided with valves.
The reservoir simulation tank comprises a closed shell, a simulation crack, a simulation supply layer and a simulation reservoir, wherein the simulation crack, the simulation supply layer and the simulation reservoir are arranged in the shell; the simulated crack extends from the end of the shell provided with the inlet to the end of the shell provided with the outlet; the simulated supply layer is U-shaped, the wing edges of the simulated supply layer are arranged on the inner wall surface of the shell parallel to the extension direction of the simulated crack, and the bottom edge of the simulated supply layer is arranged on the inner wall surface of one end of the shell, which is provided with the outlet; the simulated cracks are parallel to the wing edges of the simulated supply layer; the simulated reservoir is filled in the shell; the inlet of the simulated slit communicates with an inlet on the housing.
The simulated cracks and the simulated supply layer are made of ceramsite solidified by epoxy resin, and a propping agent in the simulated cracks is a propping agent used in simulated fracturing construction; the simulated reservoir is particles obtained by crushing stratum rock debris.
The valve at the inlet of the recovery device is a valve group, the valve group comprises a back-pressure valve and a shut-off valve, the shut-off valve is connected with the inlet of the recovery device through a pipeline, and the back-pressure valve is arranged on the pipeline between the shut-off valve and the inlet of the recovery device.
The recovery device comprises a sample bottle and a weighing device, and the sample bottle is arranged on the weighing device.
A fracturing tracing simulation experiment method is carried out by adopting the device provided by the invention, and comprises the following steps:
s1: using a simulated formation water saturated reservoir simulation tank; closing a valve at the outlet of the injection system, and filling fluid used for fracturing different stages into the injection system; opening the gas cylinder to fill the first closed cavity with gas with preset pressure, and closing valves of the outlet of the gas cylinder and the outlet of the first injection pump;
s2: injecting fluids used in different stages of fracturing into the reservoir simulation tank in sequence by using an injection system, and closing a valve at an outlet of the injection system after the injection is finished;
s3: opening a valve at the inlet of the recovery device, a first injection pump and a valve at the outlet of the first injection pump, and injecting the simulated formation water into a second closed chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank by the first injection pump, so that the fluid in the reservoir simulation tank is discharged back into the recovery device under the action of pressure at a preset pressure;
s4: the fracture morphology is described in terms of the fluid recovered in the recovery device.
The pressure of the gas in the first closed cavity is less than the injection pressure of the injection system; the pressure of the gas in the first closed cavity is greater than the return pressure provided by a valve at the inlet of the recovery device; the pressure of the gas in the first enclosed chamber is less than the pressure provided by the first injection pump.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the fracturing tracing simulation experiment device can inject fluids used in different stages of fracturing into the reservoir simulation tank by using the injection system, can simulate the fracturing and flowback processes by using the reservoir simulation tank, can drive the fluids in the reservoir simulation tank to flow back by using the flowback driving system, and can recycle the fluids discharged back from the reservoir simulation tank by using the recycling device so as to describe the fracture form; the high-pressure liquid tank is connected with the reservoir simulation tank and the second injection pump, and can simulate the mixing and dispersion of the fracturing liquid in the formation fluid at the flowback stage. Specifically, when the fracturing tracing simulation experiment device is used:
firstly, a simulated stratum water saturation reservoir simulation tank is used; closing a valve at the outlet of the injection system, and filling fluid used for fracturing different stages into the injection system; opening the gas cylinder to fill the first closed cavity with gas with preset pressure, and closing valves of the outlet of the gas cylinder and the outlet of the first injection pump; then, sequentially injecting fluids used in different stages of fracturing into the reservoir simulation tank by using an injection system to simulate the process of squeezing fracturing fluid into the stratum, and closing a valve at an outlet of the injection system after the injection is finished; then, opening a valve at the inlet of the recovery device, a first injection pump and a valve at the outlet of the first injection pump, and injecting the simulated formation water into a second closed chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank by the first injection pump, so that the fluid in the reservoir simulation tank is discharged back into the recovery device under the action of pressure at a preset pressure; the process simulates the flowback process of the fracturing fluid; finally, the fracture morphology is quantitatively described in terms of the fluid recovered in the recovery device. The experimental device has the characteristics of complete experimental functions, simplicity and convenience in operation, capability of meeting the requirements of a fracturing forward extrusion process and a fracturing flowback process, and solves the problem that fracturing tracing cannot be accurately simulated.
Furthermore, the injection system comprises a plurality of intermediate containers, so that different fluids used in different stages of fracturing can be stored through the intermediate containers, and valves are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of each intermediate container, so that different fluids can be injected in the fracturing process conveniently.
Furthermore, the simulated crack extends from the end of the shell, which is provided with the inlet, to the end of the shell, which is provided with the outlet; the simulated supply layer is U-shaped, the wing edges of the simulated supply layer are arranged on the inner wall surface of the shell parallel to the extension direction of the simulated crack, and the bottom edge of the simulated supply layer is arranged on the inner wall surface of one end of the shell, which is provided with the outlet; the simulated cracks are parallel to the wing edges of the simulated supply layer; the simulated reservoir is filled in the shell, so that the energy supplement of the stratum to the near-well zone can be simulated through the simulated supply layer, and the simulated reservoir can simulate the characteristics of adsorption and damage of a pseudo-tracer and fracturing fluid on the pore throat of the core. The reservoir simulation tank with the structure can better simulate the mixing and dispersion of fracturing fluid in a flowback stage in formation fluid.
Further, the valve of recovery unit entry is the valve group, and the valve group includes back pressure valve and shutoff valve, and the shutoff valve passes through the tube coupling with recovery unit's entry, and the back pressure valve sets up on the pipeline between shutoff valve and recovery unit entry, consequently can realize blocking and circulating of first infusion pump and the airtight chamber fluid of second through the shutoff valve, can simulate fracturing fluid back-flow law under the different production pressure differentials through the back pressure valve.
The fracturing tracing simulation experiment device has the advantages that the fracturing tracing simulation experiment method is clear in flow and simple and convenient in operation process, and can simulate the characteristics of a fracturing forward extrusion process and a fracturing flowback process and obtain the characteristics of the fracturing forward extrusion process and the fracturing flowback process, so that the problem that fracturing tracing cannot be simulated accurately is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fracturing tracing simulation experiment device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a simplified structural diagram of a reservoir simulation tank in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a second injection pump, 2-1-a first valve, 2-2-a second valve, 2-3-a third valve, 2-4-a fourth valve, 2-5-a fifth valve, 2-6-a sixth valve, 2-7-a seventh valve, 2-8-an eighth valve, 2-9-a shutoff valve, 3-1-a first intermediate container, 3-2-a second intermediate container, 3-3-a third intermediate container, 4-a reservoir simulation tank, 4-1-a simulated fracture, 4-2-a simulated reservoir, 4-3-a simulated supply layer, 4-4-an inlet, 4-5-an outlet, 5-a high-pressure liquid tank, 6-a first injection pump, 7-gas cylinder, 8-back pressure valve, 9-sample bottle, 10-electronic balance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by the following examples, which should be construed as merely illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention and not limitative of the remainder of the invention, and all such modifications, alterations and other changes that can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are intended to be included in the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the fracturing tracing simulation experiment device of an embodiment of the invention comprises a fracturing fluid forward extrusion simulation system and a fracturing fluid flowback simulation system; the fracturing fluid forward-extrusion simulation system comprises a second injection pump 1, a first intermediate container 3-1, a second intermediate container 3-2, a third intermediate container 3-3, a reservoir simulation groove 4, a high-pressure liquid tank 5 and a gas cylinder 7; the fracturing fluid back-flow simulation system comprises a sample bottle 9, a back-pressure valve 9, a reservoir simulation groove 4, a high-pressure liquid tank 5 and a first injection pump 6; the reservoir simulation tank 4 and the high-pressure liquid tank 5 are devices which are common to a fracturing liquid forward extrusion simulation system and a fracturing liquid return simulation system; the outlet of the second injection pump 1 is respectively connected with the inlets of the first intermediate container 3-1, the second intermediate container 3-1 and the third intermediate container 3-3, and the inlets and outlets of the first intermediate container 3-1, the second intermediate container 3-1 and the third intermediate container 3-3 are all provided with valves which adopt shut-off valves; an inlet 4-4 of the reservoir simulation groove 4 is connected with outlets of the first intermediate container 3-1, the second intermediate container 3-1 and the third intermediate container 3-3, and an outlet 4-5 of the reservoir simulation groove 4 is connected with an inlet of the high-pressure liquid tank 5 and an inlet of the sample bottle 9; a back pressure valve 8 is arranged on a pipeline between an inlet of the sample bottle 9 and an outlet 4-4 of the reservoir simulation tank, and a shut-off valve 2-9 is arranged on a pipeline between the back pressure valve 8 and the outlet 4-4 of the reservoir simulation tank; the sample bottle 9 is placed on an electronic balance 10, and the electronic balance 10 is used for weighing the total weight of the sample bottle 9 and the fluid in the sample bottle 9 at any time; a closed piston is arranged in the high-pressure liquid tank 5, the closed piston divides the high-pressure liquid tank into an upper part (namely a second sealed chamber) and a lower part (namely a first sealed chamber), the second sealed chamber is filled with liquid, and the second sealed chamber is filled with gas; the second sealing chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank 5 is connected with the outlet of the first injection pump 6, the second sealing chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank 5 is connected with the outlet of the gas cylinder 7, a seventh valve 2-7 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure liquid tank 5 and the first injection pump 6, an eighth valve 2-8 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure liquid tank 5 and the gas cylinder 7, and the seventh valve 2-7 and the eighth valve 2-8 are all shut-off valves; the reservoir simulation tank 4 comprises a closed shell, a simulation crack 4-1, a simulation supply layer 4-3 and a simulation reservoir 4-2, wherein the simulation crack is arranged in the shell; the simulated supply layer 4-3 is arranged at the bottom and the side wall in the shell, the simulated crack 4-1 is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the simulated supply layer 4-3, and the simulated reservoir layer 4-2 is filled between the simulated crack 4-1 and the simulated supply layer 4-3; wherein the simulated crack 4-1 is cuboid and is made of ceramsite solidified by epoxy resin; the simulated supply layer 4-3 is fixedly formed by large-particle-size ceramsite consolidated by epoxy resin and has larger flow conductivity; and the simulated reservoir 4-2 is filled and compacted between the simulated fracture 4-1 and the simulated supply layer 4-3 after the formation cuttings are crushed, and the particle size of the simulated reservoir 4-2 is smaller than 100 meshes.
The fracturing fluid forward extrusion system of the fracturing tracing simulation experiment device can simulate the extrusion of fracturing fluid into a stratum, and the fracturing fluid back-flow system can simulate the back-flow process of the fracturing fluid; the invention can adopt a plurality of intermediate containers which can be used for storing different fluids used in different stages of fracturing; the simulation reservoir stratum of the invention uses crushed and compacted rock debris to simulate the reservoir stratum, has the characteristics of similar lithology to the reservoir stratum and capability of simulating the adsorption and damage of a tracer and fracturing fluid on the pore throat of a rock core, and has high similarity to the actual reservoir stratum; the edge of the reservoir simulation groove is provided with a simulation supply layer with high flow conductivity, and the simulation supply layer is combined with a high-pressure liquid tank to simulate the energy supplement of a stratum to a near-well zone; the high-pressure liquid tank is connected with the reservoir simulation tank and the injection pump, and can simulate the mixing and dispersion of fracturing liquid in formation fluid at the flowback stage; the experimental device provided by the invention uses the back pressure valve at the sample bottle in the stage of simulating the flowback of fracturing, and can simulate the flowback rule of fracturing fluid under different production pressure differences.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second injection pumps 1, 6 may be up to 500ml/min with a maximum working pressure of 30 MPa.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the volumes of the first intermediate container 3-1, the second intermediate container 3-2 and the third intermediate container 3-3 are all 2000 ml.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure resistance of the casing of the reservoir simulation tank 4 is 30MPa, and as shown in fig. 2, the casing has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the casing has an inlet at the center of the plane AA 'D and an outlet at the center of the plane BB' C; the simulated crack 4-1 extends from the middle position of the surface AA 'D' D to the surface BB 'C' C direction, the simulated crack 4-1 is communicated with an inlet on the shell, and a certain distance is reserved between the simulated crack 4-1 and the surface BB 'C' C; the simulated crack 4-1 is parallel to the face ABCD and the face A 'B' C 'D';
the simulated supply layer 4-3 covers three faces of the shell of the reservoir simulation groove 4, wherein the three faces are a face ABCD and a face A 'B' C 'D' which are parallel to the extending direction of the crack, and a face BB 'C' C which is positioned at the far end of the crack and is perpendicular to the extending direction of the crack; the height of the simulated fracture 4-1, the simulated reservoir 4-2 and the simulated supply layer 4-3 in the reservoir simulation groove is consistent with the height of the effective volume of the reservoir simulation groove in the longitudinal direction (the direction from a point B to a point C shown in figure 2), and the flow conductivity of the simulated supply layer 4-3 is more than 80D cm when the closing pressure is 20 MPa. The simulated crack 4-1 and the simulated supply layer 4-3 are both made of epoxy resin consolidated ceramsite, the mass of the ceramsite is 95% -97% of the mass of the raw materials in the preparation of the simulated crack 4-1 and the simulated supply layer 4-3, the rest is epoxy resin, a propping agent in the simulated crack (4-1) is a propping agent used in simulated fracturing construction, and the particle size of the ceramsite in the simulated supply layer (4-3) is 20/40 meshes.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure liquid tank 5 has a pressure-resistant pressure of 30 MPa.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the working pressure range of the back pressure valve 8 is 0-30 MPa.
The fracturing tracing experiment method is carried out by the experiment device of the embodiment of the invention, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of experiment
According to the experimental design, a simulated crack 4-1 is manufactured, the length of the simulated crack 4-1 is 0.6 multiplied by the length of a simulated reservoir tank 4 (the vertical direction shown in figure 1 is the length direction of the simulated reservoir tank 4), 100-mesh rock debris after crushing and screening is filled between the simulated crack 4-1 and a simulated supply layer 4-3, the reservoir tank 4 is sealed, and the reservoir tank 4 is saturated by simulated formation water, so that the pore volume of the reservoir tank is calculated to be 1000 ml;
preparing a fracturing prepad fluid, a fracturing fluid and a displacing fluid, wherein the sum of the volumes of the fracturing prepad fluid, the fracturing fluid and the displacing fluid is 2.0 times of the pore volume of the reservoir simulation tank 4, and the volume ratio of the fracturing prepad fluid to the fracturing fluid to the displacing fluid is 15: 80: 5, namely the volumes of the fracturing prepad fluid, the fracturing fluid and the displacing fluid are respectively 300ml, 1600ml and 100ml, and the lanthanide series tracer is placed in the fracturing fluid, wherein the concentration of the lanthanide series tracer in the fracturing fluid is 10 ppm;
adding a fracturing pad fluid into the first intermediate container 3-1, adding a fracturing fluid into the second intermediate container 3-2, and adding a displacement fluid into the third intermediate container 3-3;
the experimental set-up was connected according to fig. 1, all valves were closed and the electronic balance 10 was cleared.
S2 fracturing fluid pumping
First, the gas cylinder 7 is opened, the first sealed chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank 5 is filled with high-pressure gas at a pressure of 8MPa, and the eighth valve connected to the gas cylinder 7 is closed.
The pad fluid in the first intermediate container 3-1, the fracturing fluid in the second intermediate container 3-2 and the displacement fluid in the third intermediate container 3-3 are then injected into the reservoir simulation tank 4 in sequence at a rate of 50ml/min using the second injection pump 1.
S3, returning fracturing fluid
After the fracturing prepad fluid, the fracturing fluid and the displacing fluid are all injected into the reservoir simulation tank 4, firstly closing valves (namely closing the fourth valve 2-4, the fifth valve 2-5 and the sixth valve 2-6) between the outlets of the second injection pump 1 and the first intermediate container 3-1, the second intermediate container 3-2 and the third intermediate container 3-3 and the inlet of the reservoir simulation tank 5;
and then pressurizing the back pressure valve 8 by 6MPa, opening the first injection pump 6, the seventh valve 2-7 and the shut-off valve 2-9, and injecting the simulated formation water into the second closed chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank 5 by the first injection pump 6 at a rate of 20ml/min, so that the fluid in the reservoir simulation tank 4 is discharged back to the sample bottle 9 under the action of the pressure of the simulated formation water.
S4, collecting the flow-back liquid
Collecting the fluid discharged back from the reservoir simulation tank in a sample bottle 9 at a frequency of 5 min/time until the concentration of the tracer in the flow-back fluid is lower than 1ppm, and making experimental records in the sample collection stage, wherein the recorded contents comprise the flow-back speed and the sample number.
In step S2, the injection pressure of the second injection pump 1 is higher than the pressure of the gas cylinder 7 provided to the first closed chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank 5; in step S3, the pressure provided by the gas cylinder 7 to the first sealed chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank 5 is higher than the pressure set by the back-pressure valve 8, and the pressure provided by the gas cylinder 7 to the first sealed chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank 5 is lower than the working pressure of the injection pump 6 (i.e. the pressure of the gas in the first sealed chamber requires the pressure of the liquid in the second sealed chamber); in step S3, the formation water is simulated to be injected into the upper part of the high-pressure tank (i.e. into the second closed chamber), so as to realize the simulation of energy supplement of the far wellbore zone to the near wellbore zone and realize the simulation of the mixing and dispersion of the fracturing fluid in the formation water.
The fracturing tracing simulation experiment device comprises a fracturing fluid forward extrusion system and a fracturing fluid return system, can simulate the extrusion of fracturing fluid into a stratum and the return process of the fracturing fluid, has the advantages of complete experiment functions and simple and convenient equipment operation, and can meet the requirement of experiment simulation of a fracturing tracing technology.
Claims (6)
1. A fracturing tracing simulation experiment device is characterized by comprising an injection system, a reservoir simulation tank (4), a recovery device and a flowback driving system, wherein an outlet of the injection system is connected with an inlet of the reservoir simulation tank (4), a valve is arranged at an outlet of the injection system, the injection system is used for injecting fluid used in different stages in a fracturing process into the reservoir simulation tank (4), and the reservoir simulation tank (4) is used for simulating the fracturing and flowback processes;
an inlet of the reservoir simulation tank (4) is connected with a recovery device, a valve is arranged at an inlet of the recovery device, and the recovery device is used for recovering fluid discharged back from the reservoir simulation tank (4);
the backflow driving system comprises a high-pressure liquid tank (5), a first injection pump (6) and a gas cylinder (7), wherein a closed piston is installed in the high-pressure liquid tank (5); a first closed chamber is arranged at one side of the closed piston in the high-pressure liquid tank (5), and a second closed chamber is arranged at the other side of the closed piston; the first closed chamber is communicated with an outlet of the gas cylinder (7), and a valve is arranged at the outlet of the gas cylinder (7); the second closed chamber is communicated with an outlet of the first injection pump (6) and an outlet of the reservoir simulation tank (4), and a valve is arranged at the outlet of the first injection pump (6);
the reservoir simulation tank (4) comprises a closed shell, a simulation crack (4-1), a simulation supply layer (4-3) and a simulation reservoir (4-2), wherein the simulation crack, the simulation supply layer and the simulation reservoir are arranged in the shell, an outlet and an inlet are respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the shell, and the outlet is opposite to the inlet; the simulated crack (4-1) extends from one end of the shell, which is provided with the inlet, to one end of the shell, which is provided with the outlet;
the simulated supply layer (4-3) is U-shaped, the wing edges of the simulated supply layer (4-3) are arranged on the inner wall surface of the shell and are parallel to the extending direction of the simulated crack (4-1), and the bottom edge of the simulated supply layer (4-3) is arranged on the inner wall surface of one end of the shell, which is provided with the outlet;
the simulated crack (4-1) is parallel to the wing edge of the simulated supply layer (4-3);
the simulated reservoir (4-2) is filled in the shell;
the inlet of the simulated crack (4-1) is communicated with the inlet on the shell;
the simulated crack (4-1) and the simulated supply layer (4-3) are both made of ceramsite solidified by epoxy resin, and a propping agent in the simulated crack (4-1) is a propping agent used in fracturing construction; the simulated reservoir (4-2) is particles formed by crushing stratum rock debris.
2. The fracturing tracing simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein the injection system comprises a second injection pump (1) and a plurality of intermediate containers, the plurality of intermediate containers are connected in parallel, an outlet of the second injection pump (1) is connected with an inlet of the intermediate container, and an outlet of the intermediate container is connected with an inlet of the reservoir simulation tank (4); the inlet and outlet of the intermediate container are provided with valves.
3. A frac tracing simulation experiment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the valve at the inlet of the recovery apparatus is a valve group, the valve group comprises a back pressure valve (8) and a shut-off valve (2-9), the shut-off valve (2-9) is connected with the inlet of the recovery apparatus through a pipeline, and the back pressure valve (8) is arranged on the pipeline between the shut-off valve (2-9) and the inlet of the recovery apparatus.
4. A frac tracing simulation experiment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the recovery apparatus comprises a sample bottle (9) and a weighing apparatus, the sample bottle (9) being disposed on the weighing apparatus.
5. A fracture tracing simulation experiment method, which is carried out by using the fracture tracing simulation experiment device of any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps:
s1: a reservoir simulation tank (4) is saturated by simulated formation water; closing a valve at the outlet of the injection system, and filling fluid used in different stages in the fracturing process into the injection system; opening the gas cylinder (7), filling gas with preset pressure in the first closed cavity, and closing valves at the outlet of the gas cylinder (7) and the outlet of the first injection pump (6);
s2: sequentially injecting fluids used in different stages in the fracturing process into the reservoir simulation tank (4) by using an injection system, and closing a valve at an outlet of the injection system after the injection is finished;
s3: opening a valve at the inlet of the recovery device, a first injection pump (6) and a valve at the outlet of the first injection pump (6), and injecting simulated formation water into a second closed chamber of the high-pressure liquid tank (5) by the first injection pump (6) so that the fluid in the reservoir simulation tank (4) is discharged back into the recovery device at a preset pressure under the action of pressure;
s4: the fracture morphology is described in terms of the fluid recovered in the recovery unit.
6. The fracturing tracing simulation experiment method of claim 5, wherein the pressure of the gas in the first closed chamber is less than the injection pressure of the injection system; the pressure of the gas in the first closed cavity is greater than the return pressure provided by a valve at the inlet of the recovery device; the pressure of the gas in the first closed chamber is less than the pressure provided by the first injection pump (6).
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