CN109853508B - Measurement method for landslide or rock mass deformation during construction excavation - Google Patents
Measurement method for landslide or rock mass deformation during construction excavation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109853508B CN109853508B CN201910196319.9A CN201910196319A CN109853508B CN 109853508 B CN109853508 B CN 109853508B CN 201910196319 A CN201910196319 A CN 201910196319A CN 109853508 B CN109853508 B CN 109853508B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241001422033 Thestylus Species 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种施工开挖中滑坡或岩体变形的测量方法，涉及边坡工程的地质灾害勘察设计与防治领域。它包括以下步骤：步骤1：在滑坡体或外倾结构面上部岩体处钻第一孔，在滑床或外倾结构面下部岩体处钻第二孔；步骤2：将测针插入第一孔中；将刻度尺插入第二孔中；步骤3：滑坡或岩体变形剪出口处临空坡面的地形坡度为a，滑带或外倾结构面的倾角为b，测针与滑带或外倾结构面底部的高度为h1，测针与刻度尺之间的高度为h2；步骤4：每天记录指针在刻度盘上的水平位移量，并制作时间‑水平位移量曲线图。本发明实现了设备制作方便，安装较为简单，方法可行、实用。
The invention discloses a method for measuring landslide or rock mass deformation during construction and excavation, and relates to the field of geological disaster investigation, design and prevention of slope engineering. It includes the following steps: Step 1: Drill a first hole at the upper rock mass of the landslide body or camber structure surface, and drill a second hole at the lower rock mass of the sliding bed or camber structure surface; Step 2: Insert the stylus into the first Insert the scale into the second hole; Step 3: The terrain slope of the open slope at the exit of the landslide or rock mass deformation shear is a, the inclination angle of the sliding belt or the cambered structural surface is b, and the stylus is connected to the sliding surface. The height of the bottom of the belt or cambered structural surface is h 1 , and the height between the stylus and the scale is h 2 ; Step 4: Record the horizontal displacement of the pointer on the dial every day, and make a time-horizontal displacement curve . The invention realizes that the equipment is convenient to manufacture, the installation is relatively simple, and the method is feasible and practical.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological disaster investigation design and prevention and control of slope engineering in the industries of water conservancy and hydropower, municipal administration, traffic, electric power and the like, in particular to a method for measuring landslide or rock mass deformation in construction and excavation.
Background
In the process of side slope engineering construction excavation in the industries of water conservancy and hydropower, municipal administration, traffic, electric power and the like, geological conditions such as a slide slope front edge cutting foot and a rock slope unfavorable structural surface combined block body are often encountered, at the moment, the deformation tendency of the slide slope body or the deformation tendency of the rock mass front edge cutting foot on the upper part of an outward-inclined structural surface along the sliding surface and the rock mass front edge combined block body along the outward-inclined structural surface and other geological structural types needs to be mastered in time, and the occurrence of geological disasters such as slide slope, collapse and the like is avoided at the first time.
At present, deformation monitoring is generally adopted at home and abroad aiming at landslide or rock deformation, and has the characteristics of periodic repeated measurement, high precision, comprehensive application of various measurement technologies, emphasis on researching potential change of a monitoring network and the like, but the deformation monitoring also has the defects of long early-stage arrangement time, inconvenience in arrangement, relatively high cost and the like. Deformation monitoring work with high precision is not needed in the actual construction process of slope engineering, and only whether a lower slope has a deformation trend or not needs to be known so as to take engineering treatment measures in time.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for measuring landslide or rock mass deformation in construction excavation, which has a simple structure and convenient operation and meets the actual requirements of engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide a method for measuring the landslide or rock deformation in construction excavation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for measuring landslide or rock mass deformation in construction excavation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, drilling a first hole at an upper rock mass of a landslide body or an outward-inclined structural plane, drilling a second hole at a lower rock mass of a slip bed or an outward-inclined structural plane below the upper rock mass of the landslide body or the outward-inclined structural plane, and forming a slip band or an outward-inclined structural plane between the upper rock mass of the landslide body or the outward-inclined structural plane and the lower rock mass of the slip bed or the outward-inclined structural plane; then, filling cement mortar in the first hole and the second hole;
step 2: horizontally inserting the tail part of the measuring probe into the first hole by an insertion length L135 cm; the tail part of the graduated scale is horizontally inserted into the second hole by the insertion length L235 cm; the measuring needle and the graduated scale are arranged in parallel, a pointer at the head of the measuring needle is arranged vertically, the head of the graduated scale is a graduated scale, and the downward length of the pointer crosses the graduated scale; fixing the measuring needle at the orifice of the first hole, and fixing the graduated scale at the orifice of the second hole;
and step 3: the terrain slope of the near-empty slope at the outlet of the landslide or rock deformation shear is a, the inclination angle of the sliding belt or the camber structural surface is b, and the height between the measuring pin and the bottom of the sliding belt or the camber structural surface is h1The height between the measuring needle and the graduated scale is h2，Wherein:
h2＝h1+10cm
and 4, step 4: the amount of horizontal displacement of the pointer on the scale is recorded every day, and a time-horizontal displacement graph is made.
In the above technical solution, in step 2, the inner diameter of the pointer is 2 mm; the dial layout length is 15cm, and the precision is millimeter level.
In the above technical solution, in step 2, the dial has a length L from the second hole opening3，L3Taking the distance between 10 and 20 cm; the length of the pointer to the first hole orifice is L4，
In the above technical solution, in step 1, the first hole and the second hole are horizontal holes having a diameter of 30-50 mm.
The displacement data of the pointer on the dial is measured, the deformation trend of the rock mass on the upper part of the landslide body or the outward-inclined structural plane is known, and a technical basis is provided for slope engineering to prevent geological disasters such as landslide and collapse. The invention can quickly know the deformation condition of the landslide body or the rock mass on the upper part of the outward-inclined structural plane after the front edge is subjected to foot cutting, has convenient equipment manufacture and simpler installation, and is feasible and practical.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic size diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an angle view of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the variation of the sliding surface of the upper rock mass of the landslide body or camber structural surface in practical use of the present invention.
In the figure, 11-a rock mass on the upper part of a landslide body or a camber structural plane, 111-a first hole, 12-a rock mass on the lower part of a sliding bed or a camber structural plane, 121-a second hole, 13-a sliding belt or a camber structural plane, 2-a measuring pin, 21-a pointer, 3-a graduated scale and 31-a graduated scale.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be apparent and readily appreciated by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the method for measuring landslide or rock mass deformation in construction excavation comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, drilling a first hole 111 at the upper rock mass 11 of the landslide body or the camber structural surface, drilling a second hole 121 at the lower rock mass 12 of the slip bed or the camber structural surface below the upper rock mass 11 of the landslide body or the camber structural surface, and forming a slip band or a camber structural surface 13 between the upper rock mass 11 of the landslide body or the camber structural surface and the lower rock mass 12 of the slip bed or the camber structural surface; then, filling cement mortar in the first hole 111 and the second hole 121;
step 2: the tail part of the measuring probe 2 is horizontally inserted into the first hole 111 and insertedLength L135 cm; the tail part of the graduated scale 3 is horizontally inserted into the second hole 121 by the insertion length L235 cm; the measuring needle 2 and the graduated scale 3 are arranged in parallel, the pointer 21 at the head of the measuring needle 2 is vertically arranged, the head of the graduated scale 3 is a dial 31, and the pointer 21 passes through the dial 31 in the downward length; fixing the measuring needle 2 by using a stone or a wood bar at the orifice of the first hole 111, and fixing the graduated scale 3 by using a stone or a wood bar at the orifice of the second hole 121;
and step 3: the terrain slope of the near-empty slope at the outlet of the landslide or rock mass deformation shear is a, the inclination angle of the sliding belt or the camber structural surface 13 is b, and the height between the measuring pin 2 and the bottom of the sliding belt or the camber structural surface 13 is h1The height between the measuring needle 2 and the graduated scale 3 is h2Wherein:
h2＝h1+10cm
and 4, step 4: the amount of horizontal displacement of the pointer 21 on the scale 31 is recorded every day, and a time-horizontal displacement graph is made.
In step 2, the inner diameter of the pointer 21 is 2 mm; the dial 31 is 15cm in length, millimeter in accuracy and convenient for direct measurement by naked eyes.
In step 2, the dial 31 has a length L from the opening of the second hole 1213，L3Taking the distance between 10 and 20 cm; the pointer 21 has a length L from the hole of the first hole 1114，
When the landslide mass or the rock mass 11 on the upper part of the outward-inclined structural plane deforms and displaces, the pointer 21 can be guaranteed to synchronously dislocate on the dial 31, and deformation displacement data can be conveniently and directly measured.
In step 1, the first hole 111 and the second hole 121 are horizontal holes with diameters of 30-50 mm. According to practical experience, the hole diameter is convenient for fixing the measuring pin 2 and the graduated scale 3; after the cement mortar is filled, the displacement of the upper rock mass 11 of the landslide body or the camber structural plane can be conveniently measured for a long time.
Through practical use at multiple places, the measurement result obtained by the measurement method is accurate, real and reliable (as shown in figure 4); when the rock mass 11 on the upper part of the landslide body or the outward-inclined structural plane has horizontal displacement signs and the horizontal displacement rate is greater than 2mm every day for 3 continuous days, alarming is sent to building units such as owners, design, supervision, construction and the like, and emergency engineering treatment is adopted.
Claims (4)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910196319.9A CN109853508B (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Measurement method for landslide or rock mass deformation during construction excavation |
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| CN201910196319.9A CN109853508B (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Measurement method for landslide or rock mass deformation during construction excavation |
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| CN109853508B true CN109853508B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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| CN113551637B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-01-24 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Monitoring device and method for surrounding rock deformation in the whole process of tunnel construction based on TBM |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101806591A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-08-18 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | Three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for landslide mass |
| CN102505965B (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-10-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A method for early warning and identification of rock mass failure and instability |
| JP6279945B2 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2018-02-14 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Soil surface anti-slip method for earth structure |
| CN106643447A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-10 | 长江三峡勘测研究院有限公司（武汉） | Vernier type crack measuring meter for crack deformation monitoring and using method thereof |
| CN206847519U (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-01-05 | 西华师范大学 | A kind of simple geology crack measurement apparatus |
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Address after: 430010 No. 1863 Jiefang Avenue, Jiang'an District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee after: Changjiang Geotechnical Engineering Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHANGJIANG SURVEY PLANNING DESIGN AND RESEARCH Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430010 No. 1863 Jiefang Avenue, Jiang'an District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee before: CHANGJIANG GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING Corp. Patentee before: CHANGJIANG SURVEY PLANNING DESIGN AND RESEARCH Co.,Ltd. |
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