CN109853492B - Gate valve pipeline type fish passing method - Google Patents
Gate valve pipeline type fish passing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109853492B CN109853492B CN201910241854.1A CN201910241854A CN109853492B CN 109853492 B CN109853492 B CN 109853492B CN 201910241854 A CN201910241854 A CN 201910241854A CN 109853492 B CN109853492 B CN 109853492B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gate valve pipeline type fish passing method, which is characterized in that water in an upstream reservoir is guided to a fish collecting cavity of a fish collecting bin through a fish passing pipeline, and a fish attracting water flow speed is formed in the fish collecting cavity and at a fish inlet through a fish attracting structure so as to attract downstream fish to enter the fish collecting cavity through the fish inlet; closing the gate after finishing fish luring, and discharging the stored water in the fish passing pipeline through the pressure relief pipeline; water in an upstream reservoir is injected into the fish collecting cavity and the fish passing pipeline through the water injection pipeline, so that the pressure in the fish collecting cavity is increased; leading the fish in the fish collecting cavity into a fish passing pipeline in a boosting mode, and rising until a water head in the fish passing pipeline is level to the water level of the reservoir to prepare for passing the fish; the fish passing flow speed is generated through the discharge pipeline and the second flow control valve on the discharge pipeline, so that hydraulic fish passing is realized. The floor area is small, the construction cost is low, and the water consumption is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fish passing, in particular to a gate valve pipeline type fish passing method.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of flood control, power generation, water supply, navigation and the like, people often build water conservancy facilities such as a river dam, a power station and the like in a river. These facilities destroy the connectivity of the original river, cause the fragmentation of the ecological environment of the river, block the migration channel of aquatic animals and plants such as fish in the river, cause the loss or change of habitat, and lead to the reduction and even the extinction of the fish.
Under the large environment that ecological civilization construction is advocated vigorously, fish passing facilities such as fishways, fish gates and fish elevators are not only a hydraulic engineering, but also a compensatory engineering of ecological benefit to the people, and play a vital role in slowing down the separation influence of dams, recovering the original ecological environment of riverways and protecting the variety of river species. Therefore, on the basis of fully knowing and knowing the research and construction development conditions of the fishway, an improvement method and measures are provided, the design level of fish passing facilities is improved, the effective fruit of fish passing is improved, and the method and the device have important significance for protecting river ecology and promoting the sustainable development of water conservancy and hydropower.
At present, fish is passed by adopting a mode of preventing a natural bypass channel type fishway, and fish is passed by adopting a fish gate, a fish lifting machine or a fish collecting and transporting system, but by adopting the fish passing method, the occupied area is large, the construction cost is high, or the consumption of water is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a gate valve pipeline type fish passing method which has small floor space, low construction cost and low water consumption.
A gate valve pipeline type fish passing method comprises the following steps:
water in an upstream reservoir is drained to a fish collecting cavity of the fish collecting bin through a fish passing pipeline;
forming a fish attracting water flow speed in the fish collecting cavity and the fish inlet through the fish attracting structure so as to attract downstream fish to enter the fish collecting cavity through the fish inlet;
closing the gate after finishing fish luring, and discharging the stored water in the fish passing pipeline through the pressure relief pipeline;
water in an upstream reservoir is injected into the fish collecting cavity and the fish passing pipeline through the water injection pipeline, so that the pressure in the fish collecting cavity is increased;
leading the fish in the fish collecting cavity into a fish passing pipeline in a boosting mode, and rising until a water head in the fish passing pipeline is level to the water level of the reservoir to prepare for passing the fish;
the fish passing flow speed is generated through the drainage pipeline and the second flow control valve positioned on the drainage pipeline, so that hydraulic fish passing is realized.
In one embodiment, the step of guiding water in the upstream reservoir to a fish collecting cavity of the fish collecting bin through the fish pipeline specifically comprises the following steps:
closing a first valve at the bottom end of the fish passing pipeline;
opening a second valve located at the top end of the fish pipeline;
and opening a fifth valve and a first flow control valve on the water replenishing pipeline between the first valve and the second valve.
In one embodiment, the step of draining the water in the upstream reservoir to the fish collecting cavity of the fish collecting bin through the fish pipeline further comprises:
and energy dissipation is performed on water flow flowing down from the water replenishing pipeline by adopting an energy dissipation pool.
In one embodiment, the step of draining the water in the upstream reservoir to the fish collecting cavity of the fish collecting bin through the fish pipeline further comprises:
the water flow after energy dissipation flows to the fish collecting cavity from the fish attracting slope, and the fish attracting water flow speed is formed in the fish collecting cavity and the fish inlet.
In one embodiment, the step of discharging the water stored in the fish passing pipeline through the pressure relief pipeline specifically comprises:
closing the second valve;
opening a sixth valve located on the pressure relief pipeline;
opening a second flow control valve located on the bleed line;
the pressure relief pipeline is communicated with the fish passing pipeline, is positioned between the first valve and the second valve, and one end of the pressure relief pipeline, which is close to the first valve, drains the stored water in the fish passing pipeline to the other end of the pressure relief pipeline, which is communicated with the drainage pipeline, and the stored water is discharged from the other end of the drainage pipeline.
In one embodiment, the step of generating the flow rate of the fish through the drain conduit specifically comprises:
opening a fourth valve on the drainage pipeline;
opening a second flow control valve on the bleed flow conduit;
the water in the fish collecting cavity is discharged through the drainage pipeline, so that the fish passing flow speed is generated in the fish passing pipeline.
In one embodiment, the gate comprises a door body, a hydraulic opening and closing rod and a support arm, wherein the door body is arranged on the support arm, and the door body is opened or closed through the hydraulic opening and closing rod.
In one embodiment, when the fish gathering bin needs to be overhauled, a first access door is opened, and a movable pump is adopted to drain the fish gathering bin for overhauling; and/or
When the water injection pipeline needs to be overhauled, the second access door is closed to overhaul.
In one embodiment, the step of guiding the fish in the fish collecting chamber into the fish passing duct specifically comprises:
and guiding the fish school to find the inlet at the bottom end of the fish pipeline by using the fish guiding slope.
In one embodiment, the end of the drainage pipeline communicated with the fish collecting cavity is intercepted by the fish blocking grating, so that the fish in the fish collecting cavity is prevented from escaping.
The gate valve pipeline type fish passing method at least has the following advantages:
water in an upstream reservoir is drained to a fish collecting cavity of the fish collecting bin through a fish passing pipeline, and a fish attracting water flow speed is formed in the fish collecting cavity and at a fish inlet through a fish attracting structure so as to attract downstream fish to enter the fish collecting cavity through the fish inlet; closing the gate after finishing fish luring, and discharging the stored water in the fish passing pipeline through the pressure relief pipeline; water in an upstream reservoir is injected into the fish collecting cavity and the fish passing pipeline through the water injection pipeline, so that the pressure in the fish collecting cavity is increased; leading the fish in the fish collecting cavity into a fish passing pipeline in a boosting mode, and rising until a water head in the fish passing pipeline is level to the water level of the reservoir to prepare for passing the fish; the fish passing flow speed is generated through the discharge pipeline and the second flow control valve on the discharge pipeline, so that hydraulic fish passing is realized.
When fish are collected through the fish collecting cavity, when the number of the fish reaches a specific number, the fish in the fish collecting cavity is forcibly guided to the upstream reservoir, so that the fish collecting cabin is small in size. And moreover, the fish is passed by adopting a pipeline mode, and the pipeline laying can be underground or overground, so that the occupied area is very small, the adaptability to the terrain is very strong, the restriction of the terrain condition is almost avoided, and the site selection and the arrangement of the project are easy. And long-distance gentle slope channels, heavy water gates and opening and closing equipment are not needed, complex structural design and expensive lifting equipment are not needed, and the construction cost is reduced. The fish is passed by adopting a pipeline mode, the water passing section of the pipeline is small, and the flow speed is low, so the flow is small; the fish attracting and fish concentrating are realized through the fish collecting bin, and the fish is filtered in the bins and in the secondary concentration, so that the continuous drainage required by the continuous fish attracting is avoided, and the water consumption is saved; the distance from the river to the fish collecting bin is short, and the fish can be attracted to the fish collecting bin only by a small amount of water; the distance from the fish collecting bin to the top end of the fish passing pipeline is longer, the distance from the fish collecting bin to the top end of the fish passing pipeline is not induced by water power, water injection and pressure boosting are adopted, and the fish is guided to move to the upper part of the pipeline through adaptation of the fish to water pressure, so that only water with the volume of the pipeline is needed, and the water consumption is greatly saved; when the top end of the fish passing pipeline is close to the reservoir area, the fish can be guided into the reservoir area only by short-time small flow, so that the water using efficiency of passing the fish is improved, and the water using amount of passing the fish is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a gate valve pipeline fish passing method according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a gate valve pipeline fish pass facility in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 shows the gate valve pipeline fish-passing facility of FIG. 3 in a fish attracting state;
FIG. 5 shows the gate valve pipeline fish passage facility shown in FIG. 3 in a state of pressure relief of the fish passage pipeline;
FIG. 6 shows the gate valve pipeline type fish passing facility shown in FIG. 3 in a state of raising the pressure of the fish collecting bin;
FIG. 7 is a state that the gate valve pipeline type fish passing facility shown in FIG. 3 is in a state that the pressure of the fish collecting bin is increased;
fig. 8 shows the gate valve pipeline type fish passing facility in fig. 3 in a hydraulic fish passing state.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
Referring to fig. 1, a gate valve pipeline type fish passing method according to an embodiment includes the following steps:
s110, water in the upstream reservoir is drained to a fish collecting cavity of the fish collecting bin through a fish passing pipeline.
And S120, forming a fish luring water flow speed in the fish collecting cavity and at the fish inlet through the fish luring structure so as to lure downstream fish to enter the fish collecting cavity through the fish inlet. In the embodiment, a fish passing pipeline is adopted, and water in an upstream reservoir is utilized to form a fish attracting water flow speed in the fish collecting cavity and the fish inlet under the action of the fish attracting structure, so that downstream fish is attracted to enter the fish collecting cavity through the fish inlet.
S130, closing the gate after the fish luring is finished, and discharging the stored water in the fish passing pipeline through the pressure relief pipeline.
S140, injecting water in the upstream reservoir into the fish collecting cavity and the fish passing pipeline through the water injection pipeline, and improving the pressure in the fish collecting cavity.
S150, guiding the fish in the fish collecting cavity into the fish passing pipeline in a pressure boosting mode, and rising until a water head in the fish passing pipeline is flush with the water level of the reservoir to prepare for passing the fish.
And S160, generating fish passing flow speed through the drainage pipeline and a second flow control valve positioned on the drainage pipeline, and realizing hydraulic fish passing.
When fish are collected through the fish collecting cavity, when the number of the fish reaches a specific number, the fish in the fish collecting cavity is forcibly guided to the upstream reservoir, so that the fish collecting cabin is small in size. And moreover, the fish is passed by adopting a pipeline mode, and the pipeline laying can be underground or overground, so that the occupied area is very small, the adaptability to the terrain is very strong, the restriction of the terrain condition is almost avoided, and the site selection and the arrangement of the project are easy. And long-distance gentle slope channels, heavy water gates and opening and closing equipment are not needed, complex structural design and expensive lifting equipment are not needed, and the construction cost is reduced. The fish is passed by adopting a pipeline mode, the water passing section of the pipeline is small, and the flow speed is low, so the flow is small; the fish attracting and fish concentrating are realized through the fish collecting bin, and the fish is filtered in the bins and in the secondary concentration, so that the continuous drainage required by the continuous fish attracting is avoided, and the water consumption is saved; the distance from the river to the fish collecting bin is short, and the fish can be attracted to the fish collecting bin only by a small amount of water; the distance from the fish collecting bin to the top end of the fish passing pipeline is longer, the distance from the fish collecting bin to the top end of the fish passing pipeline is not induced by water power, water injection and pressure boosting are adopted, and the fish is guided to move to the upper part of the pipeline through adaptation of the fish to water pressure, so that only water with the volume of the pipeline is needed, and the water consumption is greatly saved; when the top end of the fish passing pipeline is close to the reservoir area, the fish can be guided into the reservoir area only by short-time small flow, so that the water using efficiency of passing the fish is improved, and the water using amount of passing the fish is greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the fish passing method will be further explained in conjunction with an embodiment of the gate valve pipeline type fish passing facility to facilitate understanding of the solution. It should be noted, however, that the solutions shown in fig. 2 and 3 do not limit the scope of the fish-passing method.
The gate valve pipeline type fish passing facility 10 shown in fig. 2 and 3 includes a fish collecting bin 100, a gate 200, a fish passing pipeline 300, a fish attracting structure 400, a water injection pipeline 500 and a water discharge pipeline 600.
The fish collecting bin 100 is provided with a fish inlet 110, a fish collecting cavity 120 is formed in the fish collecting bin 100, and the fish collecting cavity 120 is communicated with the fish inlet 110. The top wall of the fish collecting cavity 120 is also formed with a fish guiding slope 130, and the fish guiding slope 130 is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane. Therefore, the step of guiding the fish in the fish collecting cavity into the fish passing pipeline specifically comprises the following steps: and guiding the fish school to find the inlet at the bottom end of the fish pipeline by using the fish guiding slope. For example, the angle of inclination of the fish guide ramp 130 relative to horizontal is greater than or equal to 5 ° to guide the fish school to better find the bottom entrance of the fish conduit 300.
Specifically, the fish collecting bin 100 can be formed by pouring concrete, so that the process is simple and the cost is low. In the present embodiment, fish are collected mainly by the fish collecting chamber 100, and the gate 200 is closed when the number of fish in the fish collecting chamber 120 reaches a certain number. For example, the amount of fish collected is calculated by a counter to be about 200 pieces, and the gate 200 is closed. Therefore, the volume of the fish collecting bin 100 can be set to be smaller, and therefore the occupied area is small.
The gate 200 is openably and closably installed between the fish inlet 110 and the fish collecting chamber 120. A first access door 140 is arranged between the gate 200 and the fish inlet 110, and when the fish is required to be overhauled, the first access door 140 is opened downwards, and the fish collecting bin is overhauled after water is drained by adopting a mobile pump.
In fig. 2, the shutter 200 is shown in a closed state by a solid line, and the shutter 200 is shown in an open state by a broken line. When attracting fish, the gate 200 is opened, and the fish enters the fish collecting chamber 120 from the fish inlet 110. When passing the fish, the gate 200 is closed. Specifically, the gate 200 includes a door 210, a hydraulic opening/closing lever 220, and a support arm 260, the door 210 is disposed on the support arm 260, and the door 210 is opened or closed by the hydraulic opening/closing lever 220. For example, the gate valve type fish passage facility 10 further includes a side pier 230, a leg rest 240 is provided on the side pier 230, one end of the hydraulic opening/closing rod 220 is mounted on the leg rest 240, and the other end of the hydraulic opening/closing rod 220 is hinged to the door 210. The door body 210 may be a steel arc door hinged to another corbel rest 240 via a support arm 260.
The fish passing pipeline 300 comprises a bottom end and a top end which are oppositely arranged, the bottom end is communicated with the fish collecting cavity 120, the top end is communicated with the reservoir 30 by penetrating through the dam 20, a first valve 301 is arranged on the bottom end, and a second valve 302 which is connected with the first valve 301 in series is arranged on the top end. The first valve 301 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the bottom end of the fish passing pipe 300, and the second valve 302 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the top end of the fish passing pipe 300. The fish passing pipe 300 is used for passing fish, and therefore should be monotonously rising from bottom to top, and should meet the size requirement of passing fish, and the diameter is greater than or equal to 0.8 m.
The gate valve pipeline fish pass facility further comprises a second access door 150, the second access door 150 being located at a port at the top end of the fish pass pipeline 300. The second access door 150 may be closed when access to the second valve 302 or the third valve 501 or the water injection line is required.
In the present embodiment, the gate valve pipe type fish passage facility 10 further includes a ballast 250 and/or an expansion joint, the ballast 250 is used for supporting or fixing the fish passage 300, and the expansion joint is used for supporting the fish passage 300. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the gate valve pipe-line fish pass facility 10 includes 5 ballast blocks 250 arranged at intervals.
The fish attracting structure 400 serves to attract fish downstream 40 into the fish collection chamber 120 via the fish inlet 110. Specifically, the fish luring structure 400 comprises a water supplementing pipeline 410 and an energy dissipation pool 420, wherein one end of the water supplementing pipeline 410 is communicated with the fish passing pipeline 300 and is positioned between the first valve 301 and the second valve 302, the other end of the water supplementing pipeline 410 is communicated with the energy dissipation pool 420, a fifth valve 411 is arranged on the water supplementing pipeline 410, the fifth valve 411 is connected with the first valve 301 in parallel, and the energy dissipation pool 420 is communicated with the fish collecting cavity 120.
Further, a first flow control valve 412 is further disposed on the water replenishing pipeline 410, and the first flow control valve 412 is used for controlling the flow rate of water in the water replenishing pipeline 410. A water weir 421 is formed between the energy dissipation pool 420 and the fish collection cavity 120, and a fish attracting slope 422 is formed at the top of the water weir 421. The first flow control valve 412 controls the hydraulic flow rate flowing down from the water replenishing pipeline 410 to the energy dissipation pool 420, the energy dissipation pool 420 dissipates energy to prevent fish from being damaged, and the water flow after dissipation flows to the fish collection bin 100 through the fish attracting slope 422 to create the favorite hydraulic flow rate of the fish and realize the fish attracting effect.
Therefore, the step of guiding water from upstream reservoir 30 to fish collecting chamber 120 of fish collecting chamber 100 through fish pipe 300 includes:
the first valve 301 at the bottom end of the fish pipe 300 is closed.
The second valve 302 at the top end of the fish conduit 300 is opened.
The fifth valve 411 and the first flow control valve 412 on the water replenishing pipe 410 between the first valve 301 and the second valve 302 are opened. Of course, the order between these three steps may not be limited.
The water flow flowing down from the water replenishing pipe 410 is energy-dissipated by using an energy dissipation pool 420.
The water flow after energy dissipation flows into the fish collecting cavity 120 from the fish attracting slope 422, and forms the speed of the fish attracting water flow in the fish collecting cavity 120 and the fish inlet 110.
In the embodiment, the fish collecting bin 100 and the energy dissipation pool 420 can be integrally formed, and both are formed by pouring concrete, so that the process is simple, and the cost is reduced. The fish gathering bin 100 and the energy dissipation pool 420 in the embodiment have small volumes and small occupied areas.
Both ends of the water injection pipeline 500 are communicated with the fish passing pipeline 300, a third valve 501 is arranged in the water injection pipeline 500, and the third valve 501 is connected with the second valve 302 in parallel. The diameter of the water injection pipe 500 is smaller than that of the fish passing pipe 300. Further, the water injection pipeline 500 is further provided with a vacuum breaker valve 502, which is mainly used for automatically opening when the fish passing pipeline 300 generates negative pressure or vacuum gradually rises to break the vacuum effect, so that the fish passing pipeline 300 and other equipment cannot generate the phenomena of concave crack and the like, and the safety of the fish passing pipeline 300 is protected.
Further, the top end of the fish passing pipeline 300 comprises at least two fish passing sections 310 connected in parallel, the fish passing sections 310 are communicated with the reservoir 30 through the dam 20, and the first valve 301 is arranged on the fish passing sections 310. Correspondingly, each fish passing section 310 is correspondingly provided with a water injection pipeline 500, two ends of the water injection pipeline 500 are communicated with the fish passing pipeline 300, a third valve 501 is arranged in the water injection pipeline 500, and the third valve 501 is connected with the second valve 302 in parallel.
For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the number of fish passing sections 310 is two, and the two fish passing sections 310 are located at different heights of the dam 20, so that the fish passing sections 310 close to the water surface of the reservoir 30 can be preferentially used corresponding to different water depths, thereby improving the applicability. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of fish passing segments 310 may be one, three, four, etc.
One end of the drainage pipeline 600 is communicated with the fish collecting cavity 120, a fourth valve 601 is arranged on the drainage pipeline 600, and the fourth valve 601 is connected with the first valve 301 in series. The other end of the drainage pipeline 600 is located outside the gate 200 and is communicated with the fish inlet 110, and the fourth valve 601 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the drainage pipeline 600. Further, a fish blocking grille 610 is further disposed at an end of the drainage pipe 600, which is communicated with the fish collecting cavity 120, and the fish blocking grille 610 is used for blocking fish in the fish collecting cavity 120 and preventing the fish from escaping through the drainage pipe 600.
Further, the gate valve pipeline type fish passing facility 10 further comprises a pressure relief pipeline 700, one end of the pressure relief pipeline 700 is communicated with the fish passing pipeline 300 and is located between the first valve 301 and the second valve 302, and one end of the pressure relief pipeline 700 is close to the first valve 301, so as to achieve a better pressure relief effect. The other end of the pressure relief pipeline 700 is communicated with the drainage pipeline 600 and is located behind the fourth valve 601, a sixth valve 701 is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline 700, and the sixth valve 701 is arranged in parallel with the first valve 301 and the fourth valve 601. The sixth valve 701 is mainly used for controlling the opening and closing of the pressure relief pipeline 700, and the pressure relief pipeline 700 is mainly used for relieving the pressure in the fish passing pipeline 300.
Further, the gate valve pipeline type fish passing facility 10 further includes a second flow control valve 602, the second flow control valve 602 is disposed on the drainage pipeline 600 and is connected in series with the sixth valve 701 and the fourth valve 601, and the other end of the drainage pipeline 700 is located between the second flow control valve 602 and the fourth valve 601. The second flow control valve 602 is mainly used for controlling the hydraulic flow rate in the drainage pipeline 600, so as to ensure the favorite flow rate of the fish when the fish passes through the flow control valve, thereby achieving the purpose of passing through the fish.
The step of discharging the water stored in the fish passing pipe 300 through the pressure relief pipe 700 specifically includes:
the second valve 302 is closed.
The sixth valve 701 located on the pressure relief line 700 is opened.
The second flow control valve 602 located on the bleed flow conduit 600 is opened. The sequence of opening the sixth valve 701 and the second flow control valve 602 is not limited.
The pressure relief pipe 700 is communicated with the fish passing pipe 300, is positioned between the first valve 301 and the second valve 302, and is close to one end of the first valve 301 to drain the water stored in the fish passing pipe 300 to the other end of the pressure relief pipe 700 communicated with the drainage pipe 600, and is discharged through the other end of the drainage pipe 600.
The steps of generating the fish passing flow speed through the drainage pipeline 600 specifically include:
the fourth valve 601 in the bleed flow conduit 600 is opened.
The second flow control valve 602 on the bleed flow conduit 600 is opened. The sequence of the two steps is not limited.
The water in the fish collecting chamber 120 is discharged through the discharge duct 600 to generate a flow velocity of the fish passing through the fish passing duct 300.
The specific working principle of the gate valve pipeline type fish passing facility 10 is as follows:
in the initial state, the gate 200 is closed, the first flow rate control valve 412 and the second flow rate control valve 602 are opened, and the first valve 301, the second valve 302, the third valve 501, the fourth valve 601, the fifth valve 411, and the sixth valve 701 are closed.
Referring to fig. 4, during fish luring, the gate 200 is opened, the second valve 302 is slowly opened, the fifth valve 411 is opened, water in the reservoir 30 flows into the fish pipeline 300 from the top end of the fish pipeline 300, the flow rate is controlled by the first flow control valve 412, the water flows from the water replenishing pipeline 410 to the energy dissipation pool 420, the energy dissipation pool 420 dissipates energy, the water flows from the fish luring slope 422 to the fish collecting bin 100, and the water flow passing through the fish luring slope 422 forms hydraulic fish luring to lure the fish from the downstream 40 river to the fish collecting cavity 120.
During fish luring, the flow rates in the fish inlet 110 and the fish collecting cavity 120 are controlled by the fish passing pipeline 300 and the first flow control valve 412, and the water level of the fish inlet 110 is constantly changed, so that the flow rates favored by the fish can be obtained by the fish inlet 110 and the fish collecting cavity 120 under the condition that the flow capacities of the fish passing pipeline 300 and the first flow control valve 412 meet different water levels.
Referring to fig. 5, after the fish luring is completed, the gate 200 is closed, the fifth valve 411 is closed, and the fish group is locked. At this time, the water stored in the fish passing pipe 300 remains unreleased, and the pressure in the fish passing pipe 300 is high, so that the water stored in the fish passing pipe 300 needs to be discharged to relieve the pressure in the fish passing pipe 300. The second valve 302 is closed, and the sixth valve 701 is opened, so that the water in the reservoir 30 cannot enter the fish passing pipeline 300, the stored water in the fish passing pipeline 300 is discharged through the pressure relief pipeline 700, the flow rate in the excessive pipeline 300 is not too large under the control of the second flow control valve 602, and the pressure in the fish passing pipeline 300 is successfully discharged.
Referring to fig. 6, the pressure in the fish collecting chamber 120 is increased, and the fish in the fish collecting chamber 120 is guided into the fish passing pipe 300 and ascends to pass the fish under pressure. Specifically, the first valve 301 and the third valve 501 are opened in sequence, the water in the reservoir 30 flows from the water supply pipe 500 to the bottom end of the fish pipe 300, and gradually fills the fish collecting chamber 120 and the fish pipe 300, and the fish school adaptive water pressure moves upward as the water level rises. The filling process of the water injection pipe 500 flowing to the fish pipe 300 from the water injection pipe 500 is slow due to the small diameter of the water injection pipe 500, so that damage to the fish school in the fish collecting chamber 120 can be effectively prevented, and the upstream of the inlet of the fish pipe 300 can be found in sufficient time for the fish school.
Referring to fig. 7, when the pressure in the fish collecting chamber 120 is raised, i.e. the pressure head is level with the water level of the reservoir 30, the third valve 501 is closed. At this time, the water level in the fish passage 300 reaches the top end of the fish passage 300, i.e., the pressure head in the fish passage 300 rises to 30 in the reservoir. And the second valve 302 is opened to prepare the fish.
Referring to fig. 8, when water flows through the fish, the fourth valve 601 is opened, and the water flow rate in the fish pipeline 300 is controlled by the second flow control valve 602, so that the water flow through the fish is realized. When the fish pipeline 300 hydraulically passes through fish, the flow rate in the fish pipeline 300 is controlled by the second flow control valve 602, so that the flow capacity of the second flow control valve 602 should meet the requirement of the designed flow rate (i.e. the favorite flow rate of fish) of the fish pipeline 300, so as to meet the effect of passing through fish by water.
After finishing fish passing, preparing to lure the fish again. The first valve 301 is closed and the water held in the fish trap chamber 120 flows out of the drain conduit 600 to effect a drain relief in preparation for the still water opening of the gate 200.
Referring to fig. 4 to 8 again, after the gate 200 is opened, the processes of attracting fish, releasing pressure of the fish passing pipeline 300, boosting pressure of the fish collecting cavity 120 and passing fish by water power can be circularly realized, and upward dam-passing migration of fish is realized.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A gate valve pipeline type fish passing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
water in an upstream reservoir is drained to a fish collecting cavity of the fish collecting bin through a fish passing pipeline, the bottom end of the fish passing pipeline is communicated with the fish collecting cavity, and the top end of the fish passing pipeline penetrates through a dam and is communicated with the reservoir;
forming a fish attracting water flow speed in the fish collecting cavity and the fish inlet through a fish attracting structure so as to attract downstream fish to enter the fish collecting cavity through the fish inlet, wherein the fish attracting structure comprises a water replenishing pipeline, an energy dissipation pool and a fish attracting slope, the energy dissipation pool dissipates the energy of water flowing down from the water replenishing pipeline, the water after energy dissipation flows into the fish collecting cavity from the fish attracting slope, and the fish attracting water flow speed is formed in the fish collecting cavity and the fish inlet, the fish collecting bin is provided with the fish inlet, the fish collecting cavity is communicated with the fish inlet, one end of the water replenishing pipeline is communicated with the fish passing pipeline, the other end of the water replenishing pipeline is communicated with the energy dissipation pool, a water weir is formed between the energy dissipation pool and the fish collecting cavity, and the top of the water weir is provided with the fish attracting slope;
closing a gate between the fish inlet and the fish collecting cavity after the fish luring is finished, and discharging the stored water in the fish passing pipeline through a pressure relief pipeline communicated with the fish passing pipeline;
both ends of the water injection pipeline are communicated with the fish passing pipeline, and water in an upstream reservoir is injected into the fish collecting cavity and the fish passing pipeline through the water injection pipeline, so that the pressure in the fish collecting cavity is increased;
leading the fish in the fish collecting cavity into a fish passing pipeline in a boosting mode, and rising until a water head in the fish passing pipeline is level to the water level of the reservoir to prepare for passing the fish;
one end of the drainage pipeline is connected with the fish collecting cavity, and the fish passing flow speed is generated through the drainage pipeline and a second flow control valve positioned on the drainage pipeline, so that hydraulic fish passing is realized.
2. The gate valve pipeline type fish passing method of claim 1, wherein the step of guiding water in an upstream reservoir to a fish collecting cavity of the fish collecting bin through the fish passing pipeline specifically comprises the following steps:
closing a first valve at the bottom end of the fish passing pipeline;
opening a second valve located at the top end of the fish pipeline;
and opening a fifth valve and a first flow control valve on the water replenishing pipeline between the first valve and the second valve.
3. The gate valve pipe-type fish passing method of claim 2, wherein the step of discharging the water stored in the fish passing pipe through the pressure relief pipe comprises the steps of:
closing the second valve;
opening a sixth valve located on the pressure relief pipeline;
opening a second flow control valve located on the bleed line;
the pressure relief pipeline is located between the first valve and the second valve, one end of the pressure relief pipeline close to the first valve drains the stored water in the fish pipeline to the other end of the pressure relief pipeline communicated with the flow relief pipeline, and the stored water is discharged from the other end of the flow relief pipeline.
4. The gate valve tubular fish passing method of claim 3, wherein the step of generating a flow rate of passing fish through the drain conduit comprises:
opening a fourth valve on the drainage pipeline;
opening a second flow control valve on the bleed flow conduit;
the water in the fish collecting cavity is discharged through the drainage pipeline, so that the fish passing flow speed is generated in the fish passing pipeline.
5. The gate valve pipeline type fish passing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gate comprises a door body, a hydraulic opening and closing rod and a support arm, the door body is arranged on the support arm, and the door body is opened or closed through the hydraulic opening and closing rod.
6. The gate valve pipeline type fish passing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that when the maintenance is needed, a first maintenance door is opened, and the movable pump is adopted to drain the fish collecting bin for maintenance; and/or
When the water injection pipeline needs to be overhauled, the second access door is closed to overhaul.
7. The gate valve conduit-type fish passing method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step of guiding the fish in the fish collecting chamber into the fish passing conduit specifically comprises:
and guiding the fish school to find the inlet at the bottom end of the fish pipeline by using the fish guiding slope.
8. The gate valve pipeline type fish passing method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the end of the drainage pipeline communicated with the fish collecting chamber is intercepted by a fish blocking grating to prevent the fish in the fish collecting chamber from escaping.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910241854.1A CN109853492B (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2019-03-28 | Gate valve pipeline type fish passing method |
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| CN201910241854.1A CN109853492B (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2019-03-28 | Gate valve pipeline type fish passing method |
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| CN109853492A CN109853492A (en) | 2019-06-07 |
| CN109853492B true CN109853492B (en) | 2021-01-01 |
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| FI103356B (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 1999-06-15 | Pohjamo Timo | Fiskvägsystem |
| CN106930250A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-07 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of communication type hydrostatic fish pass |
| CN206986861U (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-02-09 | 王越 | Penstock on downstream dam sur formula parent population type fish pass |
| CN108086262B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2024-02-23 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish passing system for hydraulic engineering of closure dam |
| CN109235386A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Formula crosses fish device and its application method behind a kind of dam |
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