CN109853308B - Dangerous escape way based on multi-point pendulum energy consumption - Google Patents
Dangerous escape way based on multi-point pendulum energy consumption Download PDFInfo
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- CN109853308B CN109853308B CN201910258260.1A CN201910258260A CN109853308B CN 109853308 B CN109853308 B CN 109853308B CN 201910258260 A CN201910258260 A CN 201910258260A CN 109853308 B CN109853308 B CN 109853308B
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims description 29
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an emergency lane based on multi-point pendulum energy consumption, which comprises a brake sand bed arranged at the end of an approach, wherein the brake sand bed is connected with a plurality of pendulum energy consumption mechanisms through brake blocks, each pendulum energy consumption mechanism comprises an upper curved spherical block connected with the brake block and a lower curved spherical block connected with a road surface foundation, a middle curved spherical block is arranged between the upper curved spherical block and the lower curved spherical block, and an upper convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block is in sliding fit with the upper curved spherical block, and a lower convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block is in sliding fit with the lower curved spherical block. The multi-point pendulum energy consumption-based escape route provided by the invention has a simple structure, is particularly suitable for the situation that the braking distance of the escape route is limited, has more obvious advantages in the design of the mountain road escape route, and has wider application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of an evacuation traffic lane, in particular to an evacuation traffic lane based on multi-point pendulum energy consumption.
Background
According to investigation, the road sections where traffic safety accidents frequently happen are usually mountain areas, sharp curves and steep slope road sections, and in investigation dangerous road sections, up to 55% of the road sections belong to traffic safety problems of continuously growing downhill road sections, but due to the limitation of topography and economic conditions, the long downhill road sections are unavoidable in mountain area high-grade road design, so that the traffic safety design of the continuously growing downhill road sections becomes an essential measure for highway design, and the design of the danger avoiding lane has become a focus of people on solving the traffic safety accident problems of the continuously growing downhill road sections.
The emergency lane (Truck Escape Ramp) is a special traffic safety facility, is arranged on one side of a continuously-growing downhill road section, and utilizes rolling resistance between tires of a runaway vehicle and a brake sand bed material and/or gravity component force opposite to the running direction of the vehicle when the vehicle ascends to convert kinetic energy of the vehicle into heat energy and gravitational potential energy resisting road surface friction, and achieves the purpose of controlling the runaway vehicle by reducing the vehicle speed. The arrangement of the escape route has two main functions: firstly, the uncontrolled vehicle is shunted from the main line, so that the interference to the main line vehicle is avoided; secondly, the out-of-control vehicle is stopped stably, no casualties occur, and the vehicle is seriously damaged.
The conventional evacuation traffic lane comprises a gravity type evacuation traffic lane, a brake sand bed type evacuation traffic lane and the like. In the early years, gravity distribution type evacuation lanes are commonly used, and waste old roads parallel to a main line are usually utilized to be trimmed into an ascending slope, so that the cost is low. The escape lane can well control the vehicle to decelerate, but the phenomenon of returning to the main line can occur due to the action of gravity after the vehicle enters, so that potential safety hazards are brought to the vehicles which normally run on the main line, and secondary traffic safety accidents are caused; secondly, the gravity type lane has higher requirement on the length of the lane, and enough space is needed for the gravity type lane to be arranged, so that the gravity type lane is greatly restricted in mountain areas due to topography and other reasons. The brake sand bed type emergency escape way is widely applied at present because the uncontrolled vehicle is decelerated mainly through the rolling resistance between the tire and the gravel of the uncontrolled vehicle, but the entering vehicle has higher speed, the required braking distance is longer only by virtue of the braking effect of the sand bed, and the vehicle is limited in mountain areas.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the multi-point pendulum energy consumption-based escape route which is short in braking distance and can effectively avoid the vehicle returning to the main line.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention may adopt the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an emergency lane based on multi-point pendulum energy consumption, which comprises a brake sand bed arranged at the end of an approach, wherein the brake sand bed is connected with a plurality of pendulum energy consumption mechanisms through brake blocks, each pendulum energy consumption mechanism comprises an upper curved spherical block connected with the brake block and a lower curved spherical block connected with a road surface foundation, a middle curved spherical block is arranged between the upper curved spherical block and the lower curved spherical block, and an upper convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block is in sliding fit with the upper curved spherical block, and a lower convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block is in sliding fit with the lower curved spherical block.
The brake sand bed is horizontally arranged.
The upper convex cambered surface and the lower convex cambered surface are symmetrically arranged on the central line of the middle curved spherical block.
And one side of the brake sand bed is provided with a rescue lane.
The upper curved spherical block is connected with the lower curved spherical block through a plurality of connecting inhaul cables.
And a plurality of anchoring holes for penetrating the connecting inhaul cable are respectively formed in the upper curved spherical block and the lower curved spherical block.
The design principle of the invention is as follows:
and (3) weighing the danger avoiding vehicle by M, weighing the vehicle speed by V, and weighing the danger avoiding lane brake block by m=3-5M. When the automobile rushes into the escape way, the automobile falls into the brake sand bed, and the automobile drives the sand bed to move together with the brake block connected with the lower part of the sand bed through the friction force of the sand bed, so that the impulse of the automobile is transferred to the lower partThe brake block of the vehicle and the brake sand bed are integrally formed into an upper structure, and the speed of the vehicle is reduced to beThe speed of the brake pad becomes +.>。
According to the law of conservation of momentum, the calculation formula of the movement speed of the upper structure is as follows:
according to the energy conservation theorem:
i.e. the speed of movement of the vehicle has been reduced by V toThe movement speed of the brake pad is +.>. Then the vehicle continues to move forward, the friction force provides braking force, according to the principle of energy conservation, the energy of the vehicle is completely counteracted by the friction force acting, and the energy of the vehicle = friction force x braking distance = =>. It can be seen that the work done by the friction is constant in order to stop the vehicle, and the relative distance travelled by the vehicle and the contact surface is not changed. Meanwhile, through the pendulum type reciprocating sliding action of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism, the friction frequency between the vehicle and the brake sand bed is increased, and the running distance of the vehicle is increased, namely the relative running distance between the vehicle and the contact surface is increased, and finallySo that the absolute movement distance of the vehicle with respect to the ground is reduced. That is, by providing a pendulum energy dissipation mechanism, the absolute distance of the vehicle relative to the ground is reduced, i.e., the absolute braking distance relative to the ground is reduced.
In addition, when the entire superstructure begins to slide, the pendulum energy consuming mechanism begins to reciprocate, also consuming a portion of the energy. In this way, the whole process not only reduces the speed of the vehicle after the vehicle enters, but also shortens the braking distance of the vehicle through pendulum reciprocating motion, and then the pendulum energy dissipation device continuously dissipates kinetic energy, thereby achieving the purpose of short-distance rapid energy dissipation.
The multi-point pendulum energy consumption-based escape route provided by the invention has a simple structure, is particularly suitable for the situation that the braking distance of the escape route is limited, has more obvious advantages in the design of the mountain road escape route, and has wider application prospects. The invention adopts a horizontal braking sand bed combined with a plurality of pendulum energy dissipation mechanisms as an escape way, and an upward curved spherical block of each pendulum energy dissipation mechanism is connected with a braking block at the lower part of the sand bed; when an emergency vehicle is driven into the brake sand bed, impulse of the vehicle is shared by the vehicle and the brake block, kinetic energy of the vehicle is transmitted to the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism through the brake sand bed, short-distance quick energy dissipation is realized through pendulum reciprocating motion, and larger braking force is prevented from being applied to the vehicle; meanwhile, the upper curved spherical block and the middle curved spherical block can rotate relatively to the lower curved spherical block, so that the braking safety is higher, and the braking effect is effectively ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1 (without the car, approach).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism of fig. 3 in a swinging state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism of fig. 6 in a swinging state.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multi-point pendulum energy consumption-based escape route provided by the invention comprises a horizontal brake sand bed 1 arranged at the end of a guide way M and at one side of a rescue route N, wherein the brake sand bed 1 is paved on a rectangular brake block 2, and the rectangular brake block 2 is connected with a plurality of pendulum energy consumption mechanisms. Generally, 4 pendulum energy dissipation mechanisms are selected and installed at four corners of the brake block 2; when the brake block 2 is longer, 1 pendulum energy dissipation mechanism is respectively added at the middle position of the long side of the brake block 2.
Typically, the rectangular brake pad 2 weighs 3-5 times the vehicle weight. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, each pendulum energy dissipation mechanism includes an upper curved spherical block 3 connected with the brake block 2 and a lower curved spherical block 4 connected with the road foundation, a middle curved spherical block 5 is arranged between the upper curved spherical block 3 and the lower curved spherical block 4, an upper convex cambered surface a matched with the upper curved spherical block 3 and a lower convex cambered surface B matched with the middle curved spherical block 5 and the lower curved spherical block 4 are respectively in sliding fit, and the upper convex cambered surface a and the lower convex cambered surface B are symmetrically arranged by the central line of the middle curved spherical block 5 (the specific size of the upper curved spherical block is based on the actual requirement of upper deformation), so that the upper curved spherical block 3 and the middle curved spherical block 5 can horizontally reciprocate on the lower curved spherical block 4 along the travelling direction (i.e. the X direction) of the vehicle according to the condition of force applied to the rectangular brake block 2 by an entering vehicle, and the kinetic energy of the vehicle is consumed in a specified time. The pendulum energy dissipation device slides in two directions, so that the structural deformation in a normal use state can be met, and the sliding energy dissipation of a vehicle when the vehicle is driven in can be ensured.
When the danger-avoiding vehicle is driven in, the vehicle is sunk into the brake sand bed 1, the friction coefficient of the materials in the brake sand bed 1 is higher, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is transmitted to the brake block 2 through the brake sand bed 1, and according to the impulse principle, the speed is obviously reduced after the vehicle is combined with the brake block 2 because the brake block 2 has a larger weight relative to the vehicle; then the vehicle, the brake sand bed 1 and the brake block 2 form a whole, and start to slide forwards, and the whole acts on the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism. The lower curved spherical block 4 of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism is fixedly connected with the pavement foundation, and the top of the upper curved spherical block 3 is fixedly connected with the brake block 2, so that the upper curved spherical block 3 and the middle curved spherical block 5 slide back and forth on the lower curved spherical block 4 along the X direction under the action of the brake block 2. The pendulum energy consumption mechanism realizes sliding energy consumption by the mutual sliding of the spherical blocks along the upward/downward convex cambered surfaces, so that the upper structure connected with the pendulum energy consumption mechanism slowly swings back and forth, the friction length between a vehicle and a contact surface is increased, and quick energy consumption is realized; secondly, under the condition that a large braking force is not required to be applied to the vehicle, the instant large kinetic energy can be gradually consumed until the swing is stopped.
Example 2:
when the expressway is located in a mountain area with complex topography, especially in a continuously-growing downhill road section on one side of a mountain, the position is special, and the situation is that the expressway is provided with a relatively wide space as in a plain area, but the expressway is required to be provided with an escape way according to related safety requirements, at this time, a truss H is usually provided, a truss H is provided with an escape way platform Q, and the escape way based on multi-point pendulum energy consumption is constructed on the escape way platform Q in the manner of embodiment 1.
In addition, considering the problems of short length and safety of the evacuation traffic lane, a mode of additionally arranging a guy rope is adopted to limit the deformation of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a plurality of pairs of anchor holes 7 are correspondingly formed in the upper curved spherical block 3 and the lower curved spherical block 4, and a connecting stay rope 6 is arranged in each pair of anchor holes 7 in a penetrating manner. The connecting inhaul cable 6 is in a natural bending state (see figure 6) when the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism is in an unoperated state, and the inhaul cable is not stressed; when the dangerous vehicle is driven into the dangerous vehicle lane, the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism slides relatively, and when the upper curved spherical block 3 and the lower curved spherical block 4 reach the maximum displacement, the connecting stay rope 6 is changed from the original natural bending state into a straightening state (see fig. 7), so that limit pulling force is provided, the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism is limited to deform excessively, and the energy dissipation effect and safety are ensured.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an keep away dangerous lane based on energy consumption of many o' clock pendulum, includes the brake sand bed that sets up at the guide way end, its characterized in that: the brake sand bed (1) is connected with a plurality of pendulum energy dissipation mechanisms through brake blocks (2), each pendulum energy dissipation mechanism comprises an upper curved spherical block (3) connected with the brake block (2) and a lower curved spherical block (4) connected with a road foundation, a middle curved spherical block (5) is arranged between the upper curved spherical block (3) and the lower curved spherical block (4), and an upper convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block (5) is in sliding fit with the upper curved spherical block (3), and a lower convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block (5) is in sliding fit with the lower curved spherical block (4);
the brake sand bed (1) is horizontally arranged;
the upper curved spherical block (3) and the lower curved spherical block (4) are connected through a plurality of connecting inhaul cables (6).
2. The multi-o' clock energy dissipation based evacuation roadway of claim 1, wherein: the upper convex cambered surface and the lower convex cambered surface are symmetrically arranged on the central line of the middle curved spherical block (5).
3. The multi-o' clock energy dissipation based evacuation roadway of claim 1, wherein: one side of the brake sand bed (1) is provided with a rescue lane.
4. The multi-o' clock energy dissipation based evacuation roadway of claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of anchoring holes (7) used for penetrating the connecting inhaul cable (6) are respectively formed in the upper curved spherical block (3) and the lower curved spherical block (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910258260.1A CN109853308B (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | Dangerous escape way based on multi-point pendulum energy consumption |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910258260.1A CN109853308B (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | Dangerous escape way based on multi-point pendulum energy consumption |
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| CN109853308B true CN109853308B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203427770U (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2014-02-12 | 昆明理工大学 | Risk avoiding device for emergency braking of vehicle |
| CN205530024U (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-08-31 | 吉林省交通规划设计院 | Formula attenuator is torn to metal |
| CN206512540U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-09-22 | 陈猛 | A kind of highway emergency lane |
| CN206858976U (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-01-09 | 新疆大学 | A kind of new emergency lane |
| CN107761493A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-06 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | New emergency lane safety devices |
-
2019
- 2019-04-01 CN CN201910258260.1A patent/CN109853308B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203427770U (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2014-02-12 | 昆明理工大学 | Risk avoiding device for emergency braking of vehicle |
| CN205530024U (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-08-31 | 吉林省交通规划设计院 | Formula attenuator is torn to metal |
| CN206512540U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-09-22 | 陈猛 | A kind of highway emergency lane |
| CN206858976U (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-01-09 | 新疆大学 | A kind of new emergency lane |
| CN107761493A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-06 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | New emergency lane safety devices |
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