CN109989310B - Automatic anti-withdrawal pendulum energy-consumption escape lane - Google Patents
Automatic anti-withdrawal pendulum energy-consumption escape lane Download PDFInfo
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- CN109989310B CN109989310B CN201910257626.3A CN201910257626A CN109989310B CN 109989310 B CN109989310 B CN 109989310B CN 201910257626 A CN201910257626 A CN 201910257626A CN 109989310 B CN109989310 B CN 109989310B
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- 230000002512 anti-withdrawal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000737259 Pteris vittata Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
- E01C1/007—Design or auxiliary structures for compelling drivers to slow down or to proceed with caution, e.g. tortuous carriageway; Arrangements for discouraging high-speed or non-resident traffic
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic anti-withdrawal pendulum energy consumption escape way, which comprises a brake sand bed arranged at the end of a guide way, wherein an anti-withdrawal device is arranged on the guide way, the brake sand bed is connected with a pendulum energy consumption mechanism arranged on a road surface foundation through a brake block, the pendulum energy consumption mechanism is connected with a speed sensor, the signal output end of the speed sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of a singlechip, and the control input end of the singlechip is electrically connected with the control input end of the anti-withdrawal device. The invention has good braking effect and higher braking safety, is a new design concept, is particularly suitable for the situation of limiting the braking distance of the escape route, has more obvious advantages in the design of the mountain highway escape route, and has wider application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of evacuation lanes, in particular to an automatic anti-withdrawal pendulum energy-consumption evacuation lane.
Background
The emergency lane is a special passage which is additionally arranged on the outer side of a traffic lane of a long steep downhill road section and is used for safely decelerating when a vehicle with a speed out of control (brake failure) leaves a positive line. The escape lane mainly comprises a guide way, a braking lane, a service lane, auxiliary facilities and the like. The main functions of the escape route are as follows: firstly, the uncontrolled vehicle is shunted from the main line, so that the interference to the main line vehicle is avoided; secondly, the out-of-control vehicle is stopped stably, so that the situation that the vehicle is seriously damaged due to casualties is avoided.
At present, a gravity type escape way and a brake sand bed type escape way are commonly used, and the gravity deceleration and the friction deceleration are respectively relied on, so that the rolling resistance between the vehicle tyre and the brake sand bed material and the gravity component force opposite to the vehicle running direction when the vehicle goes uphill are utilized to convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into the heat energy and the gravity potential energy for resisting the road friction, and the vehicle is further decelerated until the vehicle is completely stopped. Gravity type evacuation roads are commonly used in early years, and are usually arranged on an ascending slope of a parallel main line by utilizing abandoned roads. Although the vehicle speed of the emergency escape way can be well controlled, the possibility that the vehicle rushes out of the emergency escape way exists, and the phenomenon that some vehicles return to the main line due to the action of gravity can occur, so that potential safety hazards are brought to vehicles which normally run on the main line, secondary traffic safety accidents are caused, and it is extremely important to make measures for preventing the vehicles from withdrawing and the like for the gravity type emergency escape way. The brake sand bed type emergency escape way mainly relies on friction force between the brake sand bed and wheels to consume kinetic energy of a vehicle, has simple structure, but only consumes energy by friction force, and has limited braking effect, so that a design mode of combining two emergency escape ways is adopted, namely, the brake sand bed is paved on the gravity type emergency escape way, and the combined type emergency escape way still has potential safety hazard of a vehicle return main line.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the automatic anti-retraction pendulum energy consumption escape way which has short braking distance and can effectively avoid the vehicle returning to the main line.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention may adopt the following technical scheme:
the automatic anti-withdrawal pendulum energy consumption escape way comprises a brake sand bed arranged at the end of a guide way, wherein an anti-withdrawal device is arranged on the guide way, the brake sand bed is connected with a pendulum energy consumption mechanism arranged on a road surface base through a brake block, the pendulum energy consumption mechanism is connected with a speed sensor, the signal output end of the speed sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of a singlechip, and the control input end of the singlechip is electrically connected with the control input end of the anti-withdrawal device.
The anti-withdrawal device and the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism are multiple.
The anti-withdrawal device comprises a protection sleeve buried in the approach, an electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the protection sleeve, a pop-up baffle rod connected with a compression spring is arranged in the protection sleeve, and a baffle is hinged at the opening of the protection sleeve.
The pendulum energy dissipation mechanism comprises an upper curved spherical block connected with the brake block and a lower curved spherical block connected with the road foundation, wherein a middle curved spherical block is arranged between the upper curved spherical block and the lower curved spherical block, and an upper convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block and the upper curved spherical block, and a lower convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block and the lower curved spherical block form sliding fit.
The upper convex cambered surface and the lower convex cambered surface are symmetrically arranged on the central line of the middle curved spherical block.
The brake sand bed is obliquely arranged on the trapezoid brake block.
The inclination angles of the brake sand bed and the guide way are consistent.
And one side of the brake sand bed is provided with a rescue lane.
According to the automatic anti-retraction pendulum energy consumption escape way provided by the invention, through arranging the pendulum energy consumption mechanism and the anti-retraction device linked with the pendulum energy consumption mechanism, a short-distance quick energy consumption of an escape vehicle driven into a brake sand bed can be realized through pendulum reciprocating motion, and when the swinging speed of the pendulum energy consumption mechanism is too high, the anti-retraction device is triggered to act, so that a secondary accident caused by vehicle retraction is prevented. The invention has good braking effect and higher braking safety, is a new design concept, is particularly suitable for the situation of limiting the braking distance of the escape route, has more obvious advantages in the design of the mountain highway escape route, and has wider application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1 (without the car, approach).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism of fig. 3 in a swinging state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the anti-withdrawal device of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the anti-withdrawal device of fig. 5 in an ejected state.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the automatic anti-withdrawal pendulum energy consumption escape way comprises a guide way 1 with an inclination angle theta, wherein a brake sand bed 2 with the same inclination angle is arranged at the end of the guide way 1, the brake sand bed 1 is paved on the inclined surface of a trapezoid brake block 4, and the bottom of the rectangle brake block 4 is connected with 4-6 pendulum energy consumption mechanisms 5. Generally, 4 pendulum energy dissipation mechanisms 5 are selected and installed at four corners of the brake block 4; when the brake block 4 is longer, 1 pendulum energy dissipation mechanism 5 is respectively added at the middle position of the long side of the brake block 4.
Typically, the weight of the ladder brake pad 4 is 3-5 times the weight of the vehicle. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, each pendulum energy dissipation mechanism comprises an upward curved spherical block 5.1 connected with a brake block 4 and a downward curved spherical block 5.2 connected with a road foundation, a middle curved spherical block 5.3 is arranged between the upward curved spherical block 5.1 and the downward curved spherical block 5.2, an upward convex cambered surface a matched with the upward curved spherical block 5.1 of the middle curved spherical block 5.3 and a downward convex cambered surface B matched with the downward curved spherical block 5.2 of the middle curved spherical block 5.3 are respectively in sliding fit, and the upward convex cambered surface a and the downward convex cambered surface B are symmetrically arranged by taking the central line of the middle curved spherical block 5.3 (the specific size of which is in accordance with the actual requirement of deformation of the upper part) so that the upward curved spherical block 5.1 and the middle curved spherical block 5.3 do horizontal reciprocating swing along the X direction on the downward curved spherical block 5.2 under the condition that a vehicle enters into a brake sand bed 2, thereby completing the kinetic energy dissipation of the vehicle within a specified time. Namely, the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism 5 slides to realize reciprocating swing and fast energy dissipation. The pendulum energy dissipation device slides in two directions, so that the structural deformation in a normal use state can be met, and the sliding energy dissipation of a vehicle when the vehicle is driven in can be ensured.
In order to monitor the swing speed of the upper curved spherical block 5.1 and the middle curved spherical block 5.3, a speed sensor 6 is mounted on one or more pendulum energy consuming mechanisms 5, and the speed sensor 6 is connected to a plurality of withdrawal prevention devices 3 provided on the approach 1. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the anti-withdrawal devices 3 are located at the downstream of the brake sand bed 2, each anti-withdrawal device 3 comprises a protection sleeve 3.1 buried in the approach 1, an electromagnet 3.2 is installed at the bottom of the protection sleeve 3.1, a pop-up type baffle 3.4 is installed in the protection sleeve 3.1, a compression spring 3.3 connected with the bottom wall of the protection sleeve 3.1 is arranged below the pop-up type baffle 3.4, a baffle 3.5 hinged at the opening of the protection sleeve 3.1 is arranged above the pop-up type baffle 3.4, and the main function of the baffle 3.5 is to protect the inside pop-up type baffle 3.4 and not to block the pop-up of the baffle 3.4. The speed sensor 6 adopts a conventional photoelectric speed sensor, the measuring range is double + -1.7 g, the highest resolution is 0.83mg, the signal output end of the speed sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of the singlechip, and the control input end of the singlechip is electrically connected with the control input end of the electromagnet 3.2 in the withdrawal prevention device 3. Under normal conditions, the gear lever 3.5 is covered above the pop-up gear lever 3.4, so that the gear lever is positioned in the protective sleeve 3.1, and the normal passing of a vehicle is not influenced; when the speed sensor 6 detects that the swing speed of the upper curved spherical block 5.1 and the middle curved spherical block 5.3 is too high, the vehicle is required to be blocked and prevented from withdrawing from the main road, at the moment, the singlechip sends a signal to the electromagnet 3.2 to release the constraint on the electric control stop lever 3.4, and the pop-up stop lever 3.4 pops up to above the road surface of the approach channel 1 under the action of the compression spring 3.3, so that the anti-withdrawal effect is achieved. The anti-withdrawal device 3 has pertinence and automatic identification, and under normal use conditions, the deformation and low-speed movement of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism 5 caused by temperature shrinkage and other reasons can not trigger the anti-withdrawal device 3 to work. In order to facilitate later rescue, a rescue lane N is further arranged on one side of the brake sand bed 2.
Under normal conditions, the danger-avoiding vehicle firstly runs upwards along the inclined approach 1 and starts to decelerate under the action of dead weight, after the vehicle continues to run and reaches the brake sand bed 2, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is transmitted to the brake block 4 through the brake sand bed 2 due to the higher friction coefficient of the material in the brake sand bed 2, and according to the impulse principle, the speed is obviously reduced after the vehicle is combined with the brake block 4 due to the larger weight of the brake block 4 relative to the vehicle; the vehicle, the brake sand bed 2 and the brake pads 4 then slide forward together, acting integrally on the pendulum dissipative mechanism 5. The lower curved spherical block 5.2 of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism 5 is fixedly connected with a pavement foundation, the top of the upper curved spherical block 5.1 is fixedly connected with the brake block 4, so that the upper curved spherical block 5.1 and the middle curved spherical block 5.3 horizontally slide back and forth along the X direction on the lower curved spherical block 5.2 under the action of the brake block 4, and the swinging direction of the upper curved spherical block 5.1 and the middle curved spherical block 5.3 is consistent with the direction of the vehicle acting force applied by the brake block 4. When the vehicle speed is high, the brake pad 4 and the vehicle are relatively displaced, and friction is generated between the contact surfaces of the brake pad 4 and the vehicle. Because the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism 5 swings reciprocally, the distance traveled by the vehicle relative to the contact surface increases, accelerating the vehicle's energy dissipation, which continues until the vehicle comes to a complete stop. When the speed of the vehicle is too high and the swing speed of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism 5 reaches a preset value, the speed sensor 6 sends a signal to the singlechip, and the singlechip controls the electromagnet 3.2 to release the constraint attractive force, so that the pop-up gear lever 3.4 pops up to above the road surface of the approach channel 1, the vehicle is prevented from withdrawing due to dead weight, and the safety of the vehicle and related personnel is ensured.
The braking process of the risk avoidance vehicle can be expressed by a series of physics related formulas:
the weight of the danger avoiding vehicle is M, gravity does negative work when the danger avoiding vehicle runs on a slope, and the speed of the vehicle starts to be reduced; assuming that the vehicle speed is V when the vehicle enters the sand bed, the weight m=5M of the brake block is transmitted to the brake block at the lower part, the danger avoiding vehicle and the brake block are integrally formed into an upper structure, and the vehicle drives the sand bed and the lower part of the sand bed to be connected by the friction force of the sand bedThe moving blocks m move together, and the speed of the automobile is reduced toThe speed of the brake pad becomes +.>。
According to the law of conservation of momentum, the motion speed calculation formula of the vehicle and the brake block is as follows:
according to the energy conservation theorem:
the vehicle speed is already determined by the previous driving speedReduced to->. Then the vehicle continues to move forward, gravity and friction force simultaneously provide braking force, and according to the principle of energy conservation, the energy of the vehicle is completely counteracted by the action of gravity and friction force, namely
As can be seen from the above equation, the vehicle energy is a constant, the gravity work is related to the height H of the vehicle, and the work remaining in friction is determined, meaningIs a determined value, namely the relative distance of travel of the vehicle from the contact surfaceThe separation does not change.
Therefore, according to the braking principle, the invention increases the friction times between the vehicle and the contact surface through the reciprocating swing of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism, increases the relative distance travelled by the vehicle in the same time, and accelerates the energy consumption of the vehicle. That is, by providing a pendulum energy dissipation mechanism, the absolute distance of movement of the vehicle relative to the ground is reduced, i.e., the braking distance is reduced. Meanwhile, when the speed of the vehicle is high and the swinging speed of the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism is too high, the retraction prevention device associated with the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism can automatically work, and safety accidents caused by the fact that the vehicle is retracted onto a main road due to gravity are fully avoided.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an automatic prevent withdrawing pendulum power consumption lane of taking away, includes brake sand bed (2) that set up at approach (1) extreme, its characterized in that: the anti-withdrawal device (3) is arranged on the approach (1), the brake sand bed (2) is connected with a pendulum energy dissipation mechanism (5) arranged on the road surface through a brake block (4), the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism (5) is connected with a speed sensor (6), the signal output end of the speed sensor (6) is electrically connected with the signal input end of a singlechip, and the control input end of the singlechip is electrically connected with the control input end of the anti-withdrawal device (3);
the anti-withdrawal device (3) comprises a protection sleeve (3.1) buried in the guide way (1), an electromagnet (3.2) is arranged at the bottom of the protection sleeve (3.1), a pop-up stop lever (3.4) connected with a compression spring (3.3) is arranged in the protection sleeve (3.1), and a baffle (3.5) is hinged at the opening of the protection sleeve (3.1);
the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism (5) comprises an upper curved spherical block (5.1) connected with the brake block (4) and a lower curved spherical block (5.2) connected with a road foundation, a middle curved spherical block (5.3) is arranged between the upper curved spherical block (5.1) and the lower curved spherical block (5.2), and an upper convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block (5.3) and the upper curved spherical block (5.1), a lower convex cambered surface of the middle curved spherical block (5.3) and the lower curved spherical block (5.2) form sliding fit.
2. The automatic anti-retraction pendulum energy dissipating escape route of claim 1, wherein: the anti-withdrawal device (3) and the pendulum energy dissipation mechanism (5) are multiple.
3. The automatic anti-retraction pendulum energy dissipating escape route of claim 1, wherein: the upper convex cambered surface and the lower convex cambered surface are symmetrically arranged on the central line of the middle curved spherical block (5.3).
4. The automatic anti-retraction pendulum energy dissipating escape route of claim 1, wherein: the brake sand bed (2) is obliquely arranged on the trapezoid brake block (4).
5. The automated anti-retraction pendulum energy dissipating lane of claim 4, wherein: the inclination angles of the brake sand bed (2) and the guide way (1) are consistent.
6. The automatic anti-retraction pendulum energy dissipating escape route of claim 1, wherein: one side of the brake sand bed (2) is provided with a rescue lane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910257626.3A CN109989310B (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | Automatic anti-withdrawal pendulum energy-consumption escape lane |
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| CN201910257626.3A CN109989310B (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | Automatic anti-withdrawal pendulum energy-consumption escape lane |
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| CN109989310A CN109989310A (en) | 2019-07-09 |
| CN109989310B true CN109989310B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111489562B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-06-15 | 重庆交通大学 | Full-vehicle-body-action type intelligent danger-avoiding lane system and vehicle danger-avoiding method |
| CN113106797A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-13 | 华鸿飞 | Keep away dangerous lane and prevent safe braking protection architecture that heels |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203427770U (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2014-02-12 | 昆明理工大学 | Risk avoiding device for emergency braking of vehicle |
| CN205530024U (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-08-31 | 吉林省交通规划设计院 | Formula attenuator is torn to metal |
| CN206512540U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-09-22 | 陈猛 | A kind of highway emergency lane |
| CN206858976U (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-01-09 | 新疆大学 | A kind of new emergency lane |
| CN107761493A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-06 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | New emergency lane safety devices |
-
2019
- 2019-04-01 CN CN201910257626.3A patent/CN109989310B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203427770U (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2014-02-12 | 昆明理工大学 | Risk avoiding device for emergency braking of vehicle |
| CN205530024U (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-08-31 | 吉林省交通规划设计院 | Formula attenuator is torn to metal |
| CN206512540U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-09-22 | 陈猛 | A kind of highway emergency lane |
| CN206858976U (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-01-09 | 新疆大学 | A kind of new emergency lane |
| CN107761493A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-06 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | New emergency lane safety devices |
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