CN109848195A - A kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
A kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109848195A CN109848195A CN201910318414.1A CN201910318414A CN109848195A CN 109848195 A CN109848195 A CN 109848195A CN 201910318414 A CN201910318414 A CN 201910318414A CN 109848195 A CN109848195 A CN 109848195A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil, this method includes channel excavation operation, barrier operation, earthing operation and is laid with irrigation system.Wherein, barrier operation is divided into the barrier in the barrier and vertical direction in peripheral direction, new soil after can effectively avoid soil moved in improve the original is contacted with original contaminated soil, prevents from washing away because natural precipitation elutes, sepage, irrigation, underground water turn over and the natural or artificial process such as gushes and newly make into secondary pollution with local methods to uncontaminated after soil moved in improve the original.The contaminated soil in orchard is repaired by the way of excavating groove in the present invention, soil moved in improve the original project amount can be reduced, has saved a large amount of excavations and transportation cost, the reparation suitable for orchard heavy metal serious pollution soil；Meanwhile the present invention effectively induces fruit tree root system to grow to thin solum, reduces soil moved in improve the original depth requirements, effectively reduce soil moved in improve the original cost by being laid with irrigation system on soil moved in improve the original surface.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to orchard soil recovery technique fields, and in particular to a kind of soil moved in improve the original of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil is repaired
Compound method.
Background technique
New-soil technology has been obtained in many countries as the peripheral doses technology of a kind of pair of high density pollution soil and answers
With the reparation that by Cd-polluted farmland is unfolded of such as Japan to remarkable ability valley sixties area, what major technique used is exactly soil improvement by importing soil from other places.
The basic process that new-soil technology is implemented is to replace contaminated soil using unpolluted soil, to remove dirt
It contaminates soil or reduces pollutant in soil concentration.Grown on soil crops after the completion of soil moved in improve the original, can be effectively reduced farming
Absorption and enrichment of the object to pollutant, to guarantee that the safety of crops is available.
Existing new-soil technology be not directed to different land types take targetedly technical solution ensure soil moved in improve the original reparation
Long-term effectiveness, due to the conditions differences such as topography and geomorphology, soil types, the agrotype in plot different in actual conditions compared with
Greatly, as orchard, farmland there is notable difference.
For the forest land of application, since fruit root system is deeper, deep layer soil moved in improve the original is on the one hand needed, it is with high costs；It is another
Aspect lower soil is easy to turn over the secondary dirt gushed and caused with modes such as root system absorptions for upper layer of soil and fruit tree by capillary
Dye.It not can guarantee to eventually lead to soil moved in improve the original repairing effect, especially its long-term effectiveness not can guarantee.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil, with solution
Certainly soil remediation is with high costs and new native easily by old native the problem of polluting.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil is provided
Soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure, comprising the following steps:
S1 channel excavation operation: delimiting in contaminated by heavy metals orchard and excavate point, and the excavation point surface layer that then scoops away is deep
The contaminated soil of 30~50cm, then the groove that depth is 0.5~1m is dug excavating point bottom, groove is along the length side for excavating point
To digging；
S2 obstructs operation:
1. the barrier in peripheral direction: excavating point surrounding and trenched side-wall laying depth as the waterproof of 1~20mm
Layer, to stop the heavy metal in contaminated soil to spread into new soil；Impermeable stratum upper end is reserved with the flange to flip to the outside, turns over
The width on side is 5~10cm；
2. the barrier on vertical direction: barrier layer is arranged in the bottom of the bottom and groove of excavating point, to avoid underground water
On gush to newly making into secondary pollution with local methods；Barrier layer includes two layers of package cloth and the occluding material layer between package cloth, resistance
Disconnected material layer with a thickness of 10~30cm；
S3 earthing operation: after the completion of obstructing operation, unpolluted new soil landfill to groove and is excavated in point, successively
Compacting, covering, to reduce plot sinking；The new native upper surface distance filled excavates point 0~10cm of upper surface；
S4 is laid with irrigation system: after the completion of soil moved in improve the original, in new native surface laying irrigation system, for inducing fruit tree root system to shallow
Layer soil-grown.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
Further, shape a little is excavated in S1 and area is suitable with orchard to be repaired, and the side wall of groove is inclined outwardly 15 °
~30 °, and groove is evenly spaced in excavation point bottom with the spacing of 1~2m.
Further, impermeable stratum is HDPE film, is hardening of cement wall with a thickness of 1~5mm or impermeable stratum,
With a thickness of 5~20mm.
Further, the package cloth in barrier layer is geotextiles, and occluding material layer is cobblestone or gravel.
Further, when the occluding material in barrier layer is cobblestone, the laying method of barrier layer are as follows: by bottom geotextiles
Be layed in excavation point bottom and channel bottom, then be laid in bottom geotextiles cobblestone that a layer thickness is 10~30cm or
Then gravel covers upper layer geotextiles in cobblestone surface, completes the laying of barrier layer.
Further, the package cloth in barrier layer is geotextiles, and occluding material layer is bentonite；The barrier being layed in groove
Layer middle part is provided with draining gabion, and draining gabion is vertically arranged, and the upper end connects with the upper layer geotextiles of barrier layer, and barrier layer
Upper layer geotextiles from two sides to intermediate, inclined, the angle between draining gabion is 165 °~175 °；Drain gabion lower end
Lower layer's geotextiles across barrier layer protrude into inside the plot of orchard.
Further, the cylindrical or barrel-shaped of gabion is drained, the geotextiles by outside and the goose that is wrapped in geotextiles
Cobble or gravel composition.
Further, irrigation system includes irrigation pipe and suction pump, and several spray heads are provided on the tube body of irrigation pipe, are drawn water
Pump is connected with irrigation pipe；Irrigation pipe and the groove are arranged in parallel, and horizontal distance is 0.5 between irrigation pipe and groove middle line
~1m.
Further, the spacing between spray head is 2~4m.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, it ensure that the long-term effectiveness of new soil after soil moved in improve the original
By using the barrier mode of peripheral direction and vertical direction in the present invention, plot surrounding after the completion of soil moved in improve the original is avoided
And on deep vertical direction original contaminated soil washed away by natural precipitation elution, sepage, irrigation, underground water turn over gush etc. it is natural or
Artificial process newly makes into secondary pollution with local methods to uncontaminated after soil moved in improve the original.
It realizes and obstructs by using the impermeable stratums such as HDPE film or petrifying water mud wall in peripheral direction, to prevent surrounding soil
It is washed away by rainwater elution and irrigates the forms such as infiltration and new soil not comtaminated after soil moved in improve the original is polluted.
Barrier on vertical direction is carried out by barrier layer, and barrier layer, which can not only block on underground water, to be gushed, and can also be had
Effect is lower to seep draining, not will cause heavy metal with the problem that new soil is gushed and polluted on underground water, infiltration aggregation will not occur and make
The problem rotted at root system of plant.
The effective time of soil moved in improve the original recovery technique can effectively be extended in the above manner, guarantee soil moved in improve the original soil remediation achievement
It is permanently effective.
2, soil moved in improve the original engineering cost is saved
The present invention reduces soil moved in improve the original project amount by the way of groove soil moved in improve the original operation, saved a large amount of excavations and transport at
This.On the other hand, it effectively induces fruit tree root system to grow to thin solum using surface irrigation system, reduces soil moved in improve the original depth and want
It asks, effectively reduces soil moved in improve the original cost.
Detailed description of the invention
The cross-sectional view that Fig. 1 is occluding material layer when being cobblestone or gravel；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of bottom cushion；
The cross-sectional view that Fig. 3 is occluding material layer when being bentonite；
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view for draining gabion；
Wherein, 1, excavation point；2, groove；3, impermeable stratum；31, flange；4, barrier layer；41, cloth is wrapped up；42, material is blocked
The bed of material；5, irrigation system；6, gabion is drained；61, geotextiles；62, cobblestone or gravel.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
This programme is primarily adapted for use in fruit tree forest land etc. and mainly raises fruit trees the plot of equal depth root system crop, in conditions permit
In the case of with being also applied for other soil block type.
The type plot soil moved in improve the original recovery technique is main including the following steps:
1, groove soil moved in improve the original operation
The process is mainly the cleaning of original contaminated soil, i.e., is dug out the original contaminated soil in plot using forms such as excavations
It transports.Since fruit tree root system is deeper, full plot soil moved in improve the original operating cost is high, and this programme uses the operation of groove soil moved in improve the original.Specific method
Are as follows:
(1) entire orchard to be processed is subjected to shallow-layer excavation, cutting depth is 30~50cm, i.e., by plot surface layer thickness 30
~50cm is dug up by the soil of heavy metal pollution to be transported；
(2) after having cleared up pollution of surface soil, several spacing with 1~2m channel excavation: are dug excavating 1 bottom of point
Evenly arranged groove 2, when digging groove 2, the side wall of groove 2 is inclined outwardly 15 °~30 °, in order to dig and be laid with not
Pervious bed 3, for trench depth depending on crop situation, depth can reach 1m or so, which is mainly used for planting fruit trees.
Using above-mentioned groove soil moved in improve the original operation can while guaranteeing fruit tree root system planting depth, be effectively reduced soil moved in improve the original at
This.
2, the barrier operation in peripheral direction
For the plot of regional pollution, even if original contaminated soil in the excavation point 1 that scoops away, excavates 1 periphery of point still
It is contaminated soil, to prevent the original contaminated soil in periphery from causing by the natural or artificial process such as rainfall elution, irrigation to soil moved in improve the original
It is uncontaminated afterwards newly to make into secondary pollution with local methods, effective protection measure should be taken.
Specifically, the contaminated soil in the plot of orchard is dug out according to the method in groove operation after transporting, is being excavated
1 surrounding of point and 2 side wall of groove are laid with impermeable stratum 3, the barrier in peripheral direction are realized, to prevent surrounding soil from passing through rainwater
Elution is washed away and is irrigated the forms such as infiltration and pollutes to new soil.Impermeable stratum 3 is made of impermeable material, such as HDPE film
Or hardening of cement wall etc..When impermeable stratum 3 is HDPE film, laying method are as follows: will be adjacent to a thickness of the HDPE film of 1~5mm
To excavating point 1 surrounding and 2 side wall of groove, and make HDPE film upper end beyond ground level and excavate 1 bottom plane 5 of point~
10cm is renovated into the fixation shallow slot on ground level and excavation 1 bottom plane of point as flange beyond part, and is carried out with soil block
It is fixed, to prevent HDPE film during banketing from cuddling up in a heap；When impermeable stratum 3 is hardening of cement wall, laying method are as follows:
Cement slurry is applied to excavation 1 surrounding of point and 2 side wall of groove by the thickness of 5~20mm, and in ground level and excavates point
The flange of wide 5~10cm is coated in bottom plane, old soil in the process is fallen into excavation point and groove to prevent from banketing；To cement
After the fully hardened wall at hardening of cement of mud, start to carry out process of banketing.
3, the barrier in vertical direction
For plot, after carrying out channel excavation operation, which is still contaminated soil.Subsoil may
Bottom contaminated soil leachate or Polluted Groundwater is caused to gush to turning over by the forms such as gushing in capillary, after causing upper layer soil moved in improve the original
New native secondary pollution.
In response to this, as shown in Fig. 1 or 3, the present invention is by excavating 1 bottom of point and the laying resistance of 2 bottom of groove
Interlayer 4 eliminates capillarity, and uncontaminated new soil is by secondary pollution after preventing soil moved in improve the original.There are two types of barrier layers 4 in the present invention
Structure, it is one of as shown in Figure 1.Barrier layer 4 in Fig. 1 includes two layers of the package cloth 41 made of the seepy materials such as geotextiles
And the cobblestone or gravel wrapped up between cloth 41 positioned at two layers, select cobblestone or gravel as occluding material layer 42, be because
There is very big gap between cobblestone or gravel, capillary effect can not only be effectively eliminated, not will cause the secondary of new soil
Pollution, and be conducive to the lower row of upper layer infiltration, it not will cause rotting for root system of plant, be a kind of ideal occluding material, this
The partial size of cobblestone or gravel used is 5~10cm in invention.In addition, excessively covering cobblestone in order to avoid underground water occurs
The case where, drainpipe is also equipped in pebble layer in the present invention, drainage hole is offered at the top of drainpipe, when underground water is more
When, drainpipe is entered by drainage hole, and be discharged by drainpipe.4 laying method of barrier layer in Fig. 1 are as follows: by underearth
Work cloth is layed in excavation 1 bottom of point and 2 bottom of groove, then the goose that a layer thickness is 10~30cm is laid in bottom geotextiles
Then cobble or gravel cover upper layer geotextiles in cobblestone surface, complete the laying of barrier layer 4.
Second of structure of barrier layer is as shown in Figure 3.Barrier layer 4 in Fig. 3 includes two layers with seepy materials systems such as geotextiles
At package cloth 41 and positioned at two layers wrap up cloth 41 between bentonite bed, select bentonite as occluding material layer 42, be
Because bentonite have the fluid-tight characteristic of antiseepage, can effectively prevent underground water on gush；But use bentonite simultaneously
Upper layer of soil infiltration can be led to the problem of and be difficult discharge, root system of plant is easily caused and rot, be based on this, be layed in the present invention
Several draining gabions 6 are provided in the middle part of barrier layer 4 in groove 2, draining gabion 6 is vertically arranged, and the upper end is upper with barrier layer 4
Layer geotextiles connect, and the upper layer geotextiles of barrier layer 4 are from two sides to the angle between intermediate, inclined, with draining gabion 6
165 °~175 °, in favor of the guide of irrigation water；Lower layer's geotextiles that draining 6 lower end of gabion passes through barrier layer 4 protrude into orcharding
Inside block.Drain that gabion 6 is cylindrical or barrel-shaped, by the geotextiles 61 in outside and the cobblestone that is wrapped in geotextiles 61 or
Gravel 62 forms.4 laying method of barrier layer in Fig. 3 are as follows: the dell for placing draining gabion 6 is dug in 2 bottom center of groove, and
Draining gabion 6 is placed into dell vertically, bottom geotextiles are then layed in 2 bottom of groove, then in bottom geotextiles
Bentonite is filled, bentonite upper surface is tilted from two sides to middle part, and topsoil work cloth is finally spread on bentonite upper surface, complete
At the laying of 2 inner barrier layer 4 of groove；Excavate laying method of the laying with reference to barrier layer 4 in Fig. 1 of 1 bottom barrier layer 4 of point.
Above-described upper layer and lower layer geotextiles, bentonite bed course, draining gabion and its periphery geotextiles together constitute
The impermeable water subfill of this programme obstructs mode, and it is uncontaminated for upper layer soil moved in improve the original new can to effectively eliminate subsoil and underground water
The secondary pollution of soil, while can effectively be discharged extra ponding, prevent upper layer of soil caused by seeping water under plot excessively impregnate and
The occurrence of washing away.
4, earthing operation
After the completion of the impermeable stratum 3 in peripheral direction and the barrier layer 4 in the vertical direction of bottom are laid with, visitor can be carried out
Native operation, uncontaminated soil is transported in plot, and successively compacting is covered to reduce plot sinking effect, is covered until finally completing
Native operation, the new native upper surface distance filled excavate point 0~10cm of upper surface.
5, surface irrigation system
Since fruit tree root system is generally relatively deep, to reduce soil moved in improve the original project amount, the technical program, which is removed, uses 2 soil moved in improve the original operation of groove
Outside, a kind of surface irrigation system scheme is additionally provided.Its core is after the completion of soil moved in improve the original, during planting fruit trees, using table
The mode that face is irrigated induces fruit tree root system to grow to thin solum.Since fruit tree root system is to find to the main reason for submerged growth
Fruit tree root growth depth can be effectively reduced using surface irrigation system in moisture and nutriment.Irrigation system in the present invention
System includes irrigation pipe and suction pump, is provided with several spray heads on the tube body of irrigation pipe, and the spacing between every two spray head is 2
~4m, suction pump are connected with irrigation pipe；Irrigation pipe and groove are arranged in parallel, and horizontal distance between irrigation pipe and groove middle line
For 0.5~1m.It after planting fruit trees to groove, is filled the water using water pump into irrigation pipe, irrigation pipe carries out fruit tree by spray head
It irrigates, fruit tree root system can effectively be induced to grow to thin solum.
It raises fruit trees, is taken away after 1 year in digging point 1 at impermeable stratum 3 and barrier layer 4 on new soil after soil moved in improve the original
Soil, measure the content of beary metal in soil, and carry out to other with the soil excavated outside point, the results are shown in Table 1.
Content of beary metal (ppm) in 1 soil of table
| Contaminated soil | New soil | Soil in excavation point is 1. | Soil in excavation point is 2. | |
| Cd | 15 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Hg | 2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| As | 50 | 40 | 40 | 45 |
| Pb | 500 | 90 | 90 | 100 |
| Cr | 150 | 100 | 100 | 110 |
In table 1, contaminated soil is original soil by heavy metal pollution in orchard, and wherein the content of Cd and Pb is much super
Normal value out shows pollution of the orchard by Cd and Pb；New soil is the soil after soil moved in improve the original, is not affected by heavy metal pollution；It excavates
1. soil in point is the soil excavated in point close to impermeable stratum, excavating the soil in point 2. is to dig in point close to barrier layer
Soil.As can be seen from the table, after 1 year, the content of beary metal in point in soil is excavated without significant change, shows that the present invention passes through
Impermeable stratum and barrier layer are set, can stop to excavate really around point and bottom contaminated soil newly makes into two with local methods in excavation point
Secondary pollution, soil moved in improve the original repairing effect is good, is worthy of popularization.
Although being described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing to a specific embodiment of the invention, should not be construed as special to this
The restriction of the protection scope of benefit.In range described by claims, those skilled in the art are without creative work
The various modifications and deformation that can make still belong to the protection scope of this patent.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps:
S1 channel excavation operation: it delimited in contaminated by heavy metals orchard and excavates point (1), then scooped away and excavate point (1) surface layer
The contaminated soil of deep 30~50cm, then the groove (2) that depth is 0.5~1m, the groove (2) are dug excavating point (1) bottom
It is dug along the length direction for excavating point (1)；
S2 obstructs operation:
1. the barrier in peripheral direction: excavating point (1) surrounding and groove (2) side wall laying depth as the impermeable of 1~20mm
Water layer (3), to stop the heavy metal in contaminated soil to spread into new soil；Impermeable stratum (3) upper end is reserved with outward
The flange (31) of overturning, the width of the flange (31) are 5~10cm；
2. the barrier on vertical direction: barrier layer (4) are arranged in the bottom of the bottom and groove (2) of excavating point (1), to avoid ground
Under waterborne gush to newly making into secondary pollution with local methods；The barrier layer (4) is including two layers of package cloth (41) and is located at package cloth (41)
Between occluding material layer (42), the occluding material layer (42) with a thickness of 10~30cm；
S3 earthing operation: after the completion of obstructing operation, unpolluted new soil landfill to groove (2) and being excavated in point (1), by
Lamination is real, covers, to reduce plot sinking；The new native upper surface distance filled excavates point 0~10cm of upper surface；
S4 is laid with irrigation system: after the completion of soil moved in improve the original, in new native surface laying irrigation system (5), for inducing fruit tree root system to shallow
Layer soil-grown.
2. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in S1
Shape and the area for excavating point (1) are suitable with orchard to be repaired, and the side wall of the groove (2) is inclined outwardly 15 °~30 °, and
And groove (2) is evenly spaced in the spacing of 1~2m and excavates point (1) bottom.
3. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described impermeable
Water layer (3) is HDPE film, is hardening of cement wall with a thickness of 1~5mm or the impermeable stratum (3), with a thickness of 5~
20mm。
4. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the barrier
Package cloth (41) in layer (4) is geotextiles, and occluding material layer (42) is cobblestone or gravel.
5. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the barrier
The laying method of layer (4) are as follows: bottom geotextiles are layed in and excavate point (1) bottom and groove (2) bottom, then in bottom geotechnique
It is laid with the cobblestone or gravel that a layer thickness is 10~30cm on cloth, then covers upper layer geotextiles in cobblestone surface, completes
The laying of barrier layer (4).
6. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the barrier
Package cloth (41) in layer (4) is geotextiles, and occluding material layer (42) is bentonite；The barrier layer (4) being layed in groove (2)
Middle part is provided with draining gabion (6), and the draining gabion (6) is vertically arranged, the upper layer geotextiles phase of the upper end and barrier layer (4)
It connects, and the upper layer geotextiles of barrier layer (4) are from two sides to the angle between intermediate, inclined, with draining gabion (6)
165 °~175 °；Lower layer's geotextiles that draining gabion (6) lower end passes through barrier layer (4) protrude into inside the plot of orchard.
7. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the draining
Gabion (6) is cylindrical or barrel-shaped, the geotextiles (61) by outside and the cobblestone or gravel that are wrapped in geotextiles (61)
(62) it forms.
8. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the irrigation
System (5) includes irrigation pipe and suction pump, and several spray heads, the suction pump and irrigation are provided on the tube body of the irrigation pipe
Pipe is connected；The irrigation pipe and the groove (2) are arranged in parallel, and horizontal distance is 0.5 between irrigation pipe and groove middle line
~1m.
9. the soil moved in improve the original restorative procedure of orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the spray
Spacing between head is 2~4m.
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| CN110756576A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-02-07 | 金晨辉 | Soil replacement lead removal method for soil lead pollution treatment |
| CN111547967A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-08-18 | 九江学院 | Park ecological toilet |
| CN113385530A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-14 | 湖南省国匠环境科技有限公司 | Remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN114226424A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-25 | 辽宁中博生态环境技术有限公司 | Method for dredging and disposing volatile organic compound contaminated soil |
| CN116062104A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-05-05 | 四川省生态环境科学研究院 | Device for salvaging pollutant of drinking water source |
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| CN113385530A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-14 | 湖南省国匠环境科技有限公司 | Remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN114226424A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-25 | 辽宁中博生态环境技术有限公司 | Method for dredging and disposing volatile organic compound contaminated soil |
| CN116062104A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-05-05 | 四川省生态环境科学研究院 | Device for salvaging pollutant of drinking water source |
| CN116062104B (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-06-02 | 四川省生态环境科学研究院 | Device for salvaging pollutant of drinking water source |
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