CN109832295B - Insecticide for preventing and treating plutella xylostella and screening method thereof - Google Patents
Insecticide for preventing and treating plutella xylostella and screening method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pesticide for preventing and treating plutella xylostella and a screening method thereof, wherein the pesticide for preventing and treating the plutella xylostella comprises citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate and linalyl acetate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a pesticide for preventing and treating plutella xylostella and a screening method thereof.
Background
Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella Linnaeus) belongs to the family Plutella family of Lepidoptera. One of the migratory flying pests in the world is mainly harmful to cruciferous plants. The cruciferous vegetables are extremely easy to breed in a large-scale planting field, and the warm winter and the rain-less and drought climate are beneficial to population development. The method is mainly characterized in that larvae only eat mesophyll, and larvae of 3 years old or more eat the mesophyll of the leaf, and the leaves are meshed when the larvae are serious. The seedling stage is usually concentrated into harmful heart leaves, and the remained plants are mainly harmful tender stems, young pods, seeds and the like. The population of the plutella xylostella has a large overwintering base number and low natural mortality, and has great harm to vegetable planting areas.
The prevention and control of diamondback moth larvae mainly comprises chemical pesticides. At present, the control time of the diamondback moth larvae is mainly from hatching to 2 years old, and the timely administration effect is better. However, the long-term and large-scale use of chemical pesticides causes serious 3R (drug resistance, rampant and pesticide residue) problems, the adverse effects on ecological environment and human health are caused, various medicaments are used alternately in order to delay the generation of the drug resistance, and the problem of the drug resistance also exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pesticide for preventing and controlling diamondback moths.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided an insecticide for controlling diamondback moth, which comprises citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate and linalyl acetate.
Further, the volume ratio of the citronellyl acetate, the nerol acetate and the linalyl acetate is 1:0.5-2:0.5-2 at normal temperature and pressure.
A screening method of a pesticide for preventing and controlling diamondback moths comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting multiple plant source extracts, independently preparing each plant source extract to obtain multiple groups of single-substance plant source extracts, and combining the plant source extracts and multiple groups of plant source compositions according to different volume ratios for later use;
s2, adding the same volume of auxiliary agents into the multiple groups of single-substance botanical extracts and the multiple groups of botanical compositions prepared in the S1 respectively, and stirring uniformly by a stirrer to obtain corresponding multiple groups of single-substance botanical insecticides and multiple groups of mixture botanical insecticides;
s3, setting diamondback moth experimental groups corresponding to the multiple groups of single-substance botanical insecticides and the multiple groups of mixture botanical insecticides prepared in the S2 one by one, respectively adding the multiple groups of single-substance botanical insecticides and the multiple groups of mixture botanical insecticides with the same volume into the corresponding diamondback moth experimental groups, and recording the death number of the diamondback moths in each group of diamondback moth experimental groups at 12h, 24h and 36 h;
s4, analyzing and comparing the influence of each group of single-substance botanical insecticides or mixture botanical insecticides on the death number of diamondback moths to obtain the botanical extract with the best insecticidal effect in the multiple botanical extracts, and the optimal combination of the multiple botanical mixtures and the optimal proportion of the combination of the multiple botanical mixtures.
Further, the plant-derived extract in S1 is selected from one or more of citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate, linalyl acetate and camphor.
Further, the auxiliary agent in S2 is one or more of alcohol, ketone and fixed oil.
Further, the stirring speed in the S2 is 40-50 r/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a new application of three plant source agent extracts in insect killing and repelling of diamondback moths, has the advantages of obvious insect killing effect, environmental protection, no environmental pollution, easily obtained raw materials, low production cost and the like, and is suitable for large-scale production and popularization.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
< example 1> Effect of different Single substance botanical insecticides on Plutella xylostella
1. The screening method of different single-substance botanical insecticides comprises the following steps: s1, selecting 1ml of each of four plant source extracts of citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate, linalyl acetate and camphor to prepare four groups of single substance plant source extracts for later use;
s2, respectively adding 10ml of methanol into the four groups of single-substance botanical extracts prepared in the S1, and uniformly mixing to obtain four corresponding groups of single-substance botanical insecticides;
s3, setting diamondback moth experimental groups corresponding to the four groups of single-substance plant source extracts prepared in the S2 one by one, adding 5ul/L of four groups of single-substance plant source insecticides into the corresponding diamondback moth experimental groups respectively, wherein the number of diamondback moths in each group of diamondback moth experimental groups is 20, placing 20 diamondback moths in a 1000ml ground bottle for experiment, and recording the death number of the diamondback moths in each group of diamondback moth experimental groups at 12h, 24h and 36 h;
s4, analyzing and comparing the influence of the four groups of single-substance botanical insecticides on the death rate of the plutella xylostella to obtain the botanical extract with the best insecticidal effect in the four botanical extracts.
2. The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 1 Effect of four botanical extracts on Plutella xylostella larvae preparation alone (number of deaths/single)
The experimental results show that the death number of the insecticide prepared from the linalyl acetate plant source extract to plutella xylostella is higher than that of the insecticide prepared from the citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate and camphor respectively when the insecticide is treated for 12 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours, and the insecticidal effect of the linalyl acetate is the best in the extracts of the citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate, linalyl acetate and camphor.
< example 2> Effect of different mixtures of botanical insecticides on Plutella xylostella
1. The screening method of the different mixture botanical insecticides comprises the following steps: s1, selecting 1ml of each of four plant source extracts of citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate, linalyl acetate and camphor, and combining every two extracts according to different volume ratios to prepare eighteen groups of plant source mixtures for later use;
s2, respectively adding 10ml of acetone into the six groups of plant source mixtures prepared in the S1, and uniformly stirring at the speed of 50r/min by using a stirrer to obtain corresponding eighteen-mixture plant source pesticides;
s3, setting diamondback moth experimental groups corresponding to the eighteen-mixture botanical insecticide prepared in the S2 one by one, adding 5ul/L of the eighteen-mixture botanical insecticide into the corresponding diamondback moth experimental groups respectively, wherein the number of diamondback moths in each diamondback moth experimental group is 20, placing 20 diamondback moths in a 1000ml ground bottle for experiment, and recording the death number of the diamondback moths in each diamondback moth experimental group at 12h, 24h and 36 h;
s4, analyzing and comparing the influence of the eighteen mixture botanical insecticides on the mortality rate of the plutella xylostella to obtain the optimal combination and optimal proportion of two combinations of the four botanical mixtures.
2. The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 2 influence of the mixture ratio of two extracts of four plant sources to two larvae of Plutella xylostella
The above experimental results show that, by combining the experimental data in tables 1 and 2, the insecticidal effect of the mixture botanical insecticide prepared by combining two of the four botanical extracts is obviously better than that of the four single-substance botanical insecticides, and the insecticidal effect of the four botanical extracts is better than that of the insecticide prepared by single botanical extract when the four botanical extracts are combined two by two to prepare the insecticide; comparing the influence of different groups of mixture botanical insecticides prepared by combining four botanical extracts in pairs on the death number of the plutella xylostella, the death number of the plutella xylostella is higher than that of mixture botanical insecticides prepared by combining other botanical extracts in pairs respectively when the insecticides prepared by combining nerol acetate and linalyl acetate in pairs are treated for 12h, 24h and 36h, and the insecticidal effect of the insecticide prepared by mixing the nerol acetate and the linalyl acetate is the best; in addition, by comparing the influence of different volume ratios on the death number of the plutella xylostella, when the volume ratio of the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate is 2:1, the quantity of the nerol acetate to kill the plutella xylostella is obviously higher than that of the nerol acetate to kill the plutella xylostella when the volume ratio of the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate is 1:2 and 1:1, and the volume ratio of 2:1 is the optimal volume ratio for playing the optimal insecticidal effect of the mixture botanical insecticide of the nerol acetate and the linalyl acetate.
< example 3> Effect of different mixtures of botanical insecticides on Plutella xylostella
1. The screening method of the different mixture botanical insecticides comprises the following steps: s1, selecting 1ml of each of four plant source extracts of citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate, linalyl acetate and camphor, and combining the four plant source extracts with the extracts according to different volume ratios to prepare twelve groups of plant source mixtures for later use;
s2, respectively adding 10ml of peanut oil into the twelve groups of plant source mixtures prepared in the S1, and uniformly stirring at the speed of 40r/min by a stirrer to obtain corresponding twelve groups of mixture plant source pesticides;
s3, setting diamondback moth experimental groups corresponding to the twelve groups of mixture plant source pesticides prepared in the S2 one by one, adding the twelve groups of mixture plant source pesticides of 5ul/L into the corresponding diamondback moth experimental groups respectively, wherein the number of diamondback moths in each group of diamondback moth experimental groups is 20, placing the 20 diamondback moths in a ground bottle of 1000ml for experiment, and recording the death number of the diamondback moths in each group of diamondback moth experimental groups at 12h, 24h and 36 h;
s4, analyzing and comparing the influence of the twelve groups of mixture plant source pesticides on the death rate of the diamondback moth, and obtaining the optimal combination and optimal proportion of three combinations of four plant source mixtures.
2. The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 3 influence of three-three mixture ratio of four plant source extracts on larvae of Plutella xylostella
The above experimental results show that, by combining the experimental data in tables 2 and 3, the insecticidal effect of the 12 groups of mixture botanical insecticides prepared in example 3 is significantly better than that of the 18 groups of mixture botanical insecticides prepared in example 2, which indicates that the insecticidal effect of the four botanical extracts is better than that of the insecticides prepared by combining two of the four botanical extracts when the insecticides are prepared by combining three or three of the four botanical extracts; comparing the influence of different groups of mixture botanical insecticides prepared by combining three or three of the four botanical extracts on the death number of the plutella xylostella, the death number of the plutella xylostella when the insecticides prepared by combining two of nerol acetate and linalyl acetate are treated for 12h, 24h and 36h is higher than that of the mixture botanical insecticides prepared by combining two of the other botanical extracts respectively, which shows that the insecticide prepared by mixing the two botanical extracts of nerol acetate and linalyl acetate has the best insecticidal effect; in addition, by comparing the influence of different volume ratios on the death number of the plutella xylostella, when the volume ratio of the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate is 1:1:1 or 1:2:2, the quantity of the nerol acetate to kill the plutella xylostella is obviously higher than that of the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate to kill the plutella xylostella when the volume ratio of the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate is 2:1:2 or 2:2:1, and the volume ratio of the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate to kill the plutella xylostella is 1:1 or 1:2:2, so that the optimal volume ratio of the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate to kill the plant-derived pesticide is the optimal volume ratio for exerting the optimal insecticidal effect.
< example 4> Effect of different mixtures of botanical insecticides on Plutella xylostella
1. The screening method of the different mixture botanical insecticides comprises the following steps: s1, selecting 1ml of each of four plant source extracts in citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate, linalyl acetate and camphor, and combining the extracts according to different volume ratios to prepare four groups of plant source mixtures for later use;
s2, respectively adding 10ml of methanol into the three groups of plant source mixtures prepared in the S1 to obtain four groups of corresponding mixture plant source pesticides;
s3, setting diamondback moth experimental groups corresponding to the four groups of mixture plant source pesticides prepared in the S2 one by one, adding the four groups of mixture plant source pesticides with the concentration of 5ul/L into the corresponding diamondback moth experimental groups, wherein the number of diamondback moths in each group of diamondback moth experimental groups is 20, the 20 diamondback moths are placed in a 1000ml ground bottle for experiment, and the death number of the diamondback moths in each group of diamondback moth experimental groups is recorded at 12h, 24h and 36 h;
s4, analyzing and comparing the influence of the four groups of mixture botanical insecticides on the death rate of the diamondback moth to obtain the optimal proportion of the four groups of mixture botanical insecticides when combined.
2. The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 4 influence of the mixture ratio of the four botanical extracts on the larvae of Plutella xylostella
The above experimental results show that, by combining the experimental data in tables 3 and 4, the insecticidal effect of the 12 groups of mixture botanical insecticides prepared in example 3 is significantly better than that of the 4 groups of mixture botanical insecticides prepared in example 4, which indicates that the insecticidal effect of the four botanical extracts is better than that of the insecticides prepared by mixing the four botanical extracts when the insecticides are prepared by three or three combinations; the influence of the mixture botanical insecticides with different volume ratios on the death number of the plutella xylostella is known, when the volume ratio of the citronellyl acetate to the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate to the camphor is 1:2:2:2, the quantity of the mixture botanical insecticides for killing the plutella xylostella is obviously higher than the quantity of the mixture botanical insecticides for killing the plutella xylostella prepared according to other volume ratios, and the volume ratio of the mixture botanical insecticides for killing the citronellyl acetate to the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate to the camphor is 1:2:2:2, so that the optimal volume ratio of the mixture botanical insecticides for killing the plutella xylostella is the optimal volume ratio for exerting the optimal insecticidal effect of the mixture botanical insecticides for killing the citronellyl acetate, the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate to the camphor.
< results of the experiment >
Combining the experimental results in tables 1, 2, 3 and 4, it can be seen that the linalyl acetate has the best insecticidal effect, and the linalyl acetate and citronellyl acetate have the worst insecticidal effect, among the four plant extracts of citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate, linalyl acetate and camphor; when the citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate and linalyl acetate are prepared into the insecticide under the condition that the volume ratio is 1:1:1 or 1:2:2, the insecticidal effect of the insecticide is also obviously superior to that of other combinations and proportions, which shows that the citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate and linalyl acetate can be used as the best raw material combination for preparing the insecticide with good insecticidal effect, and when the insecticide is prepared by the volume ratio of the citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate and linalyl acetate being 1:1:1 or 1:2:2, the insecticidal functions of the citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate and linalyl acetate are optimally exerted and utilized.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein but only by the illustrations/examples shown and described without departing from the general concepts defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The insecticide for preventing and treating plutella xylostella is characterized by consisting of citronellyl acetate, nerol acetate and linalyl acetate; under normal temperature and pressure, the volume ratio of the citronellyl acetate to the nerol acetate to the linalyl acetate is 1:0.5-2: 0.5-2.
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| JP2009269931A (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2009-11-19 | St Corp | Insecticide for grain or dried goods and pest control method for grain or dried goods |
| CN101982539A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-03-02 | 广州百花香料股份有限公司 | Bamboo juice essence |
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