CN109826155B - Karst geological river channel structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Karst geological river channel structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109826155B CN109826155B CN201910219942.1A CN201910219942A CN109826155B CN 109826155 B CN109826155 B CN 109826155B CN 201910219942 A CN201910219942 A CN 201910219942A CN 109826155 B CN109826155 B CN 109826155B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a karst geological river channel structure and a construction method thereof, comprising the following steps: the river bottom structure system and the underwater plant growing slope protection system; the river bottom structure system comprises a hard bottom sealing layer arranged at the bottom of a river foundation, a leveling layer, an impermeable double-layer film and a clay flexible cushion layer, wherein the leveling layer, the impermeable double-layer film and the clay flexible cushion layer are sequentially arranged on the hard bottom sealing layer from bottom to top; the underwater plant-growing revetment system comprises a revetment arranged on impermeable double-layer films at two sides of the bottom of a river channel, a hard sealing layer, a revetment area impermeable film, a flexible cushion layer, a revetment and a landscape pebble layer which are sequentially arranged in an underwater revetment area from bottom to top; the bottom protection layer comprises a flexible bottom protection layer and a rigid bottom protection layer; the flexible bottom protection layer is formed by paving one or more of broken stone, cobble and small-particle-size stone; the rigid bottom protection layer is formed by paving plain concrete; the impermeable double-layer film comprises a lower-layer geomembrane arranged on the leveling layer and an upper-layer functional impermeable film arranged on the lower-layer geomembrane. The river structure aims at the karst strong crack development area, so that river water seepage and loss can be prevented, and the damage of pressure-bearing hydraulic power to the river structure can be isolated, so that water and soil of the river are well kept.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial river construction, and particularly relates to a karst geological river structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
Along with the construction of large-scale building exposition garden, gardens exposition garden and large-scale water paradise engineering, the design of artificial river modification, large-scale artificial river course and artificial water system view is increasingly widely applied in municipal garden engineering.
The artificial river is different from the prior natural river, the geology of the artificial river is not naturally formed, natural hydraulic supply is not available, natural water retention is not available, and the artificial river is suitable for the natural environment of aquatic organisms; particularly in karst geological development areas, karst cave, fissures, and loose stratum water channels, the loss of the water in the artificial river can be caused; the karst crevice water in the south area has certain pressure bearing property, the water level is greatly changed along with seasons, and the river can be supplied in rainy seasons, but the strong water pressure can cause large-area damage to the river bed, so that the river bed sediment is lost, and the growth environment of aquatic plants is damaged; in dry seasons, a great deal of river water is lost to form a dry river, and the ornamental value of the landscape is greatly affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a karst geological river channel structure and a construction method thereof, which aim at a karst strong crack development area, can prevent river water from leaking and losing, and can isolate the damage of pressure-bearing hydraulic power to the river channel structure so as to ensure that water and soil of the river channel are well kept.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The construction method of the karst geological river course is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Construction of river bottom structural system
1.1, construction of a hard sealing layer: building a hard sealing layer on the bottom surface of the river channel; for a large-scale water-stagnation karst cave, firstly filling a rubble to the bottom of the karst cave, and then building a hard sealing layer on the bottom surface of a river channel, namely the top of the karst cave; for large-scale cracks, a hard sealing layer is directly built on the bottom surface of a river channel; in the construction step, the bottom of the river channel structure adopts a hard bottom sealing structure, so that the structure of the bottom of the river channel can be changed into a waterproof bottom plate to prevent the upward surge of pressure-bearing water or the downward seepage of the river, the river can be supported by a supporting structure for crossing a water-stagnation karst cave and a large-scale crack, and the communication between the pressure-bearing water power of the karst cave and the crack and the surrounding underground water system is not influenced;
1.2 construction of a leveling layer: pouring a leveling layer on the hard back cover layer;
1.3, construction of impermeable double-layer films: sequentially paving a lower geomembrane and an upper functional impermeable membrane on the leveling layer to form an impermeable double-layer membrane; in the step, the river channel structure adopts a double-layer membrane structure, namely, the lower layer is a protective layer, the geomembrane is adopted as a bedding, and the upper part is a functional layer, namely, an impermeable geomembrane or an HDPE impermeable membrane is adopted, so that the river in dry season can be prevented from being infiltrated under water, meanwhile, the tensile stress of a hard structure of the river bottom on membrane cloth is reduced, the damage of the membrane cloth is reduced, and the use function of a permanent structure is achieved;
1.4 construction of clay flexible cushion layer: paving a clay flexible cushion layer on the impermeable double-layer film;
1.5 construction of a bottom protection layer: paving a bottom protection layer on the flexible cushion layer; wherein, for the slow-flow river channel structure with the river bed gradient less than or equal to 3 percent, the bottom protection layer is paved by mixing one or more of broken stones, cobbles and stones with small particle diameters, so as to form a flexible bottom protection layer, which is beneficial to planting aquatic organisms and algae and purifying water quality; for the rapid-flow river channel structure with the river bed gradient more than 3%, the bottom protection layer is paved by plain concrete to form a rigid bottom protection layer, so that the dynamic load can be borne more, and the scouring damage of the rapid-flow river water to the river channel can be prevented;
2) Construction of underwater plant-growing slope protection system
2.1, dike protection construction: after the construction of the seepage-proofing double-layer membrane in the river bottom structure is finished, mounting a dike at two sides of the river bottom close to the revetment ramp;
2.2 construction of the Underwater revetment region
2.2.1 construction of a hard sealing layer: for the underwater revetment area for karst cave development and crack development, a hard sealing layer is built at the bottom of the underwater revetment area of the river channel; the construction of a hard sealing layer is not carried out on the underwater revetment area without cracks and karst development;
filling a rubble to the bottom of the karst cave in an underwater revetment area for the karst cave to develop, and then building a hard sealing layer on the bottom surface of the underwater revetment area of the river channel, namely the top of the karst cave in the underwater revetment area; for large-scale cracks, a hard sealing layer is directly built on the bottom surface of the underwater revetment area of the river;
in the construction step, the bottom of the river channel structure adopts a hard bottom sealing structure, so that the structure of the bottom of the river channel can be changed into a waterproof bottom plate to prevent the upward surge of pressure-bearing water or the downward seepage of the river, the river can be supported by a supporting structure for crossing a water-stagnation karst cave and a large-scale crack, and the communication between the pressure-bearing water power of the karst cave and the crack and the surrounding underground water system is not influenced;
2.2.2 construction of impervious film in revetment area: laying an anti-seepage film closely to the hard sealing bottom layer in the sub-areas to form an anti-seepage film of the revetment area;
2.2.3 construction of flexible cushion layer: paving one or more of graded broken stone, cohesive soil and sand on the impermeable membrane of the revetment area to form a flexible cushion layer;
2.2.4 slope protection construction: and (3) building a slope protection layer upwards from the dike protection layer on the flexible cushion layer.
As the preferable technical scheme, the hard bottom sealing layer is built by adopting mortar rubble.
In the construction of the leveling layer in the step 1.2, the leveling layer is poured by plain concrete or cement mortar.
As a preferable technical scheme, the step 1.3 of the construction of the impermeable double-layer film comprises the following concrete steps: firstly, laying geomembranes in areas close to the leveling layer, and forming a lower geomembrane by adopting adhesive connection between the geomembranes; and then laying an impermeable film in a separated area of the lower geomembrane, wherein the impermeable film is connected by welding to form an upper functional impermeable film.
In the construction of the impermeable double-layer film in the step 1.3, the joint between the adhesive connection seams between the geomembranes and the welded connection seams between the impermeable films are staggered.
As a preferable technical scheme, the construction of the clay flexible cushion layer in the step 1.4 is specifically as follows: and (3) on the impermeable double-layer film, clay is paved in regions, segments and layers, and the clay is compacted after paving is finished to form a clay flexible cushion layer.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the construction of the clay flexible cushion layer in the step 1.4: controlling the width of the sub-area to be less than or equal to 10m, the length of each section to be less than or equal to 15m, and the thickness of each layer to be less than or equal to 50cm for paving construction; the compaction coefficient is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.92.
In the construction of the bottom protection layer in the step 1.5, the rigid bottom protection layer is paved by plain concrete, the plain concrete contains 3% of water glass by weight, and asphalt wood board separation seams are arranged every 2m multiplied by 2m during paving so as to meet the shrinkage requirement of the concrete.
As the preferable technical scheme, the impermeable membrane used in the upper functional impermeable membrane and the impermeable membrane in the revetment area is geotextile impermeable membrane or HDPE impermeable membrane.
As an optimal technical scheme, the dike protection and the slope protection are built by adopting ecological gabion; and a landscape pebble layer is paved on the slope protection.
Karst geology river course structure, its characterized in that includes: the river bottom structure system and the underwater plant growing slope protection system;
the river bottom structure system comprises a hard bottom sealing layer arranged at the bottom of a river foundation, a leveling layer, an impermeable double-layer film and a clay flexible cushion layer, wherein the leveling layer, the impermeable double-layer film and the clay flexible cushion layer are sequentially arranged on the hard bottom sealing layer from bottom to top;
the underwater plant-growing revetment system comprises a revetment arranged on impermeable double-layer films at two sides of the bottom of a river channel, a hard bottom sealing layer, a revetment area impermeable film, a flexible cushion layer, a revetment and a landscape pebble layer which are sequentially arranged in an underwater revetment area from bottom to top;
the bottom protection layer comprises a flexible bottom protection layer and a rigid bottom protection layer; the flexible bottom protection layer is formed by paving one or more of broken stone, cobble and small-particle-size stone; the rigid bottom protection layer is formed by plain concrete pavement;
the impermeable double-layer film comprises a lower-layer geomembrane arranged on the leveling layer and an upper-layer functional impermeable film arranged on the lower-layer geomembrane.
As the preferable technical scheme, the hard bottom sealing layer is built by adopting mortar rubble.
As a preferable technical scheme, the leveling layer is poured by plain concrete or cement mortar.
As the preferable technical scheme, the flexible cushion layer is paved by adopting one or a mixture of more of graded broken stone, cohesive soil and sand.
As the preferable technical scheme, the impermeable membrane used in the upper functional impermeable membrane and the impermeable membrane in the revetment area is geotextile impermeable membrane or HDPE impermeable membrane.
As an optimal technical scheme, the dike protection and the slope protection are built by adopting ecological gabion gabions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The karst geological river structure can keep the normal water level of an artificial river in dry seasons, prevent water and soil loss caused by cracks, and meet the requirements of ornamental value and usability.
2) The karst geological river structure can prevent karst crevice water from scouring the river bottom plate in rainy season, so that water and soil loss is caused, the ecological environment of the river is influenced, the self-purification capability of the river is insufficient, and the ornamental value and usability of the river are influenced.
3) The karst geological river structure can provide good growth environment for aquatic plants for a slow-flow river bed, and can keep clean water quality; for the rapid-flow river channel, the scouring damage of river water to the river bed can be prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a river structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a construction schematic diagram of a large-scale water-retention karst cave hard back cover layer in a river structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic construction diagram of a large-sized fracture hard seal layer in a river structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a joint between the adhesive joint between geomembranes and a welded joint between impermeable membranes in a river structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a river channel in the river channel structure of the present invention, wherein the underwater revetment area on one side of the river channel is a karst cave development and crack development area, and the underwater revetment area on the other side of the river channel is a crack-free and karst development area;
the meaning of each mark in the above figures is: the water-saving type river channel water-saving protective cover comprises a 1-hard back cover layer, a 2-leveling layer, a 3-seepage-proofing double-layer film layer, a 31-lower geomembrane, a 32-upper functional seepage-proofing film, a 4-clay flexible cushion layer, a 5-back cover layer, a 51-flexible back cover layer, a 52-rigid back cover layer, a 6-dike, a 7-shore protection area seepage-proofing film, an 8-flexible cushion layer, a 9-revetment, a 10-landscape pebble layer, a 11-river channel bottom structural system, a 12-underwater plant-growing revetment system, a 13-river channel bottom surface, a 14-large-scale water-saving karst cave, 15-rubbles and 16-large-scale cracks.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described by way of specific examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is pointed out that the following embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention, without limiting the scope of the invention thereto, and that all equivalents of the invention may be resorted to by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the construction method of the karst geological river channel comprises the following steps:
1. construction of river bottom structural system
1.1, construction of a hard sealing layer: building a hard sealing layer 1 on the bottom surface 13 of the river channel; referring to fig. 3, for a large-scale water-stagnation karst cave 14, a rock 15 is filled to the bottom of the karst cave, and then a hard sealing layer 1 is built on the bottom 13 of the river, namely the top of the karst cave; referring to fig. 4, for the large-scale fissures 16, the hard sealing layer 1 is directly built on the river bottom 13;
it should be noted that, in fig. 1, the river bottom 13 is a karst cave development and fissure development area, and in general, the karst cave development and fissure development area is continuous, so that the river bottom 13 shown in fig. 1 is fully built with the hard sealing layer 1; however, in the actual construction of the river channel, or in other embodiments, it needs to be determined according to the actual situation of the river channel geology: whether the construction of the hard back cover layer is carried out or not, or whether the hard back cover layer 1 is required to be built on the bottom surface 13 of the river channel, or whether the hard back cover layer 1 is required to be built on one section of river channel and the hard back cover layer 1 is not required to be built on the other section of river channel;
1.2 construction of a leveling layer: pouring a leveling layer 2 on the hard back cover layer 1;
1.3, construction of impermeable double-layer films: sequentially paving a lower geomembrane 31 and an upper functional impermeable membrane 32 on the leveling layer 2 to form an impermeable double-layer membrane 3;
1.4 construction of clay flexible cushion layer: paving a clay flexible cushion layer 4 on the impermeable double-layer film 3;
1.5 construction of a bottom protection layer: referring to fig. 2, a bottom protection layer 5 is paved on the flexible cushion layer 4; wherein, for the slow flow river channel structure with the river bed gradient less than or equal to 3 percent, the bottom protection layer 5 is paved by adopting one or a mixture of a plurality of broken stones, cobbles and stones with small particle diameters, so as to form a flexible bottom protection layer 51; for the rapid flow river channel structure with the river bed gradient of more than 3 percent, the bottom protection layer 5 is paved by plain concrete to form a rigid bottom protection layer 52;
2. construction of underwater plant-growing slope protection system
2.1, dike protection construction: after the construction of the seepage-proofing double-layer membrane 3 in the river bottom structure is finished, a dike 6 is installed at two sides of the river bottom near the revetment ramp;
2.2 construction of the Underwater revetment region
2.2.1 construction of a hard sealing layer: for an underwater revetment area for karst cave development and crack development, a hard sealing layer 1 is built at the bottom of the underwater revetment area of a river channel; the construction of a hard sealing layer is not carried out on the underwater revetment area without cracks and karst development;
referring to fig. 3, for an underwater revetment area where a karst cave develops, firstly filling a rubble to the bottom of the karst cave, and then building a hard sealing layer 1 at the bottom of the underwater revetment area of a river channel, namely, at the top of the karst cave of the underwater revetment area; referring to fig. 4, for large-scale cracks, a hard sealing layer 1 is directly built at the bottom of an underwater revetment area of a river channel;
it should be noted that, in the case that the underwater revetment areas on two sides of the river are karst cave development and crack development areas shown in fig. 1, in the actual construction of the river or in other embodiments, it is required to determine whether to perform the hard bottom sealing layer construction according to the actual situation of the geology of the river, for example, the underwater revetment area on one side of a section of the river shown in fig. 6 is a karst cave development and crack development area, and the underwater revetment area on the other side is a crack-free and karst development area;
2.2.2 construction of impervious film in revetment area: laying an impermeable film in a partitioned manner close to the hard sealing layer 1 to form an impermeable film 7 in a revetment area;
2.2.3 construction of flexible cushion layer: paving one or more of graded broken stone, cohesive soil and sand on the impermeable membrane 7 of the revetment area to form a flexible cushion layer 8;
2.2.4 slope protection construction: on the flexible cushion layer 8, a slope protection 9 is built up from the dike 6.
Further, in this embodiment, the hard back layer 1 is laid with a grout stone.
Further, in this embodiment, in the construction of the leveling layer, the leveling layer 2 is poured by plain concrete or cement mortar.
Further, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the construction of the impermeable double-layer film is specifically: firstly, laying geomembranes in areas close to the leveling layer 2, and forming a lower geomembrane 31 by adopting adhesive connection between the geomembranes; then, an impermeable film is laid on the sub-areas of the lower geomembrane 31, and the impermeable film is welded and connected to form an upper functional impermeable film 32.
Further, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 5, in the construction of the impermeable double-layer film, the joint between the adhesive connection seams between the geomembranes and the welded connection seams between the impermeable films are staggered.
Further, in this embodiment, the construction of the clay flexible cushion layer is specifically: and (3) on the impermeable double-layer film 3, clay is paved in regions, segments and layers, and the clay flexible cushion layer 4 is formed by compacting after paving.
Further, in this embodiment, in the construction of the clay flexible cushion layer: controlling the width of the sub-area to be less than or equal to 10m, the length of each section to be less than or equal to 15m, and the thickness of each layer to be less than or equal to 50cm for paving construction; the compaction coefficient is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.92.
Further, in the present embodiment, in the construction of the bottom protection layer, the rigid bottom protection layer 51 is laid by plain concrete, wherein the plain concrete contains 3% of water glass by weight, and asphalt wood board separation slits are arranged every 2m×2m during the laying, so as to meet the shrinkage requirement of the concrete.
Further, in this embodiment, the impermeable films used in the upper functional impermeable film 32 and the impermeable film 7 in the revetment area are geotextile impermeable films or HDPE impermeable films.
Further, in this embodiment, the dike 6 and the slope protection 9 are built by using ecological gabion gabions; the revetment 9 is covered by a landscape pebble layer 10.
The method or the construction method of the invention indicated in the above embodiments is generally used for the construction of the bottom and the revetment structure below the normal water level of the artificial river in the karst development area, or for the construction of the artificial river-changing river and the revetment structure in the karst development area, or for the construction of the landscape pool, the small artificial lake, the bottom of the pond and the revetment structure in the karst development area; however, for areas which are not karst geology, namely areas which are not large-scale water-stagnation karst cave and large-scale fissure development, the construction method or equivalent replacement of the invention adopted for achieving the same effect of the invention falls into the protection scope of the invention.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the karst geological river structure includes: a river bottom structure system 11, an underwater vegetation slope protection system 12;
the river bottom structure system 11 comprises a hard bottom sealing layer 1 arranged on the river bottom 13, a leveling layer 2, an impermeable double-layer film 3, a clay flexible cushion layer 4 and a bottom protection layer 5 which are sequentially arranged on the hard bottom sealing layer 1 from bottom to top;
the underwater plant-growing revetment system 12 comprises a revetment 6 arranged on impermeable double-layer films 3 on two sides of a river bottom 13, a hard sealing layer 1, a revetment area impermeable film 7, a flexible cushion layer 8, a revetment 9 and a landscape pebble layer 10 which are sequentially arranged in an underwater revetment area from bottom to top;
the bottom protective layer 5 comprises a flexible bottom protective layer 51 and a rigid bottom protective layer 52; the flexible bottom protection layer 51 is formed by paving one or more of broken stone, cobble and small-grain stone; the rigid sheath layer 52 is formed by plain concrete paving; wherein, as shown in figure 2, for the slow-flow river with the gradient of the river bed less than or equal to 3 percent, the bottom protection layer 5 adopts a flexible bottom protection layer 51; for the rapid river channel with the river bed gradient of more than 3 percent, the bottom protection layer 5 adopts a rigid bottom protection layer 52;
the impermeable double-layer film 3 comprises a lower geomembrane 31 arranged on the leveling layer 2 and an upper functional impermeable film 32 arranged on the lower geomembrane 31.
Further, in this embodiment, the hard back layer 1 is laid with a grout stone.
Further, in this embodiment, the leveling layer 2 is cast by plain concrete or cement mortar.
Further, in this embodiment, the flexible cushion layer 8 is paved by using one or a mixture of several of graded broken stone, cohesive soil and sand.
Further, in this embodiment, the impermeable films used in the upper functional impermeable film 32 and the impermeable film 7 in the revetment area are geotextile impermeable films or HDPE impermeable films.
Further, in this embodiment, the dike 6 and the slope protection 9 are built by using an ecological gabion.
The structures pointed out by the embodiments or the karst geological river structure of the invention are generally used for the bottom and the revetment structures below the normal water level of the artificial river in the karst development area, or for the artificial river modification and revetment structures in the karst development area, or for the landscape pool, the small artificial lake, the bottom of the pool and the revetment structures in the karst development area; however, for areas which are not karst geology, namely areas which are not large-scale water-stagnation karst cave and large-scale fissure development, the karst geology river channel structure adopted by the invention for achieving the same effect of the invention falls into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (16)
1. The construction method of the karst geological river course is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Construction of river bottom structural system
1.1 And (3) construction of a hard sealing layer: a hard sealing layer (1) is built on the bottom surface of the river channel; for a large-scale water-stagnation karst cave, firstly filling a rubble to the bottom of the karst cave, and then building a hard sealing layer (1) on the bottom surface of a river channel, namely the top of the karst cave; for large-scale cracks, a hard bottom sealing layer (1) is directly built on the bottom surface of a river channel;
1.2 And (3) leveling layer construction: pouring a leveling layer (2) on the hard back cover layer (1);
1.3 And (3) construction of an impermeable double-layer film: sequentially paving a lower geomembrane (31) and an upper functional impermeable membrane (32) on the leveling layer (2) to form an impermeable double-layer membrane (3);
1.4 Construction of a clay flexible cushion layer: paving a clay flexible cushion layer (4) on the impermeable double-layer film (3);
1.5 And (3) bottom protection layer construction: paving a bottom protection layer (5) on the clay flexible cushion layer (4); wherein, for the slow flow river channel structure with the river bed gradient less than or equal to 3 percent, the bottom protection layer (5) adopts one or more of broken stone, cobble and small-grain stone to be paved to form a flexible bottom protection layer (51); for an emergency river channel structure with the river bed gradient of more than 3 percent, the bottom protection layer (5) is paved by plain concrete to form a rigid bottom protection layer (52);
2) Construction of underwater plant-growing slope protection system
2.1 And (3) dike protection construction: after the construction of the seepage-proofing double-layer membrane (3) in the river bottom structure is finished, a dike (6) is installed at two sides of the river bottom surface close to the revetment ramp;
2.2 Construction of underwater revetment area
2.2.1 And (3) construction of a hard sealing layer: for an underwater revetment area for karst cave development and crack development, a hard sealing layer (1) is built at the bottom of the underwater revetment area of a river channel; the construction of a hard sealing layer is not carried out on the underwater revetment area without cracks and karst development;
firstly filling a rubble to the bottom of a karst cave for an underwater revetment area where the karst cave develops, and then building a hard sealing layer (1) at the bottom of the underwater revetment area of a river channel, namely at the top of the karst cave of the underwater revetment area; for large-scale cracks, a hard sealing layer (1) is directly built at the bottom of an underwater revetment area of a river channel;
2.2.2 Construction of an impermeable membrane in a revetment area: laying an anti-seepage film on the hard sealing bottom layer (1) in a zoned manner to form an anti-seepage film (7) of the revetment area;
2.2.3 And (3) construction of a flexible cushion layer: paving one or more of graded broken stone, cohesive soil and sand on an impermeable membrane (7) of a revetment area to form a flexible cushion layer (8);
2.2.4 Slope protection construction: on the flexible cushion layer (8), a slope protection (9) is built upwards from the dike (6).
2. The construction method of the karst geological river course according to claim 1, wherein the hard back cover layer (1) is built by using a grout stone.
3. The construction method of the karst geological river course according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1.2 of the construction of the leveling layer, the leveling layer (2) is poured by plain concrete or cement mortar.
4. The construction method of the karst geological river course according to claim 1, wherein the step 1.3 seepage-proofing double-layer membrane construction is specifically as follows: firstly, laying geomembranes in areas close to the leveling layer (2), and forming a lower geomembrane (31) by adopting adhesive connection between the geomembranes; then, an impermeable film is laid in a zoned manner and is closely attached to the lower geomembrane (31), and the impermeable film is connected by welding to form an upper functional impermeable film (32).
5. The construction method of the karst geological river course according to claim 4, wherein in the construction of the impermeable double-layer film of step 1.3, the joint between the bonding joint between the geomembranes and the welding joint between the impermeable membranes are staggered.
6. The construction method of the karst geological river course according to claim 1, wherein the construction of the clay flexible cushion layer in the step 1.4 is specifically as follows: and (3) on the impermeable double-layer film, clay is paved in regions, segments and layers, and the clay is compacted after paving is finished to form a clay flexible cushion layer (4).
7. The method for constructing a karst geological river course according to claim 6, wherein in the construction of the clay flexible cushion layer in step 1.4: controlling the width of the sub-area to be less than or equal to 10m, the length of each section to be less than or equal to 15m, and the thickness of each layer to be less than or equal to 50cm for paving construction; the compaction coefficient is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.92.
8. The method for constructing a karst geological river course according to claim 1, wherein in the construction of the bottom protection layer of step 1.5, the rigid bottom protection layer (52) is laid by plain concrete, the plain concrete contains 3% of water glass by weight, and asphalt wood separation slits are arranged every 2m x 2m during the laying to meet the shrinkage requirement of the concrete.
9. The construction method of the karst geological river course according to claim 1, wherein the impermeable membrane used in the upper functional impermeable membrane (32) and the impermeable membrane (7) of the revetment area is geotextile impermeable membrane or HDPE impermeable membrane.
10. The construction method of the karst geological river course according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the dike (6) and the revetment (9) are built by adopting ecological gabion; the revetment (9) is paved with a landscape pebble layer (10) for covering.
11. Karst geology river course structure, its characterized in that includes: a river bottom structure system (11), an underwater plant-growing slope protection system (12);
the river bottom structure system (11) comprises a hard bottom sealing layer (1) arranged on the bottom surface of the river, a leveling layer (2), an impermeable double-layer film (3), a clay flexible cushion layer (4) and a bottom protection layer (5) which are sequentially arranged on the hard bottom sealing layer (1) from bottom to top;
the underwater plant-growing revetment system (12) comprises a revetment (6) arranged on impermeable double-layer films (3) on two sides of the bottom surface of a river channel, a hard seal layer (1) arranged in an underwater revetment area from bottom to top, impermeable films (7) in the revetment area, a flexible cushion layer (8), a revetment (9) and a landscape pebble layer (10);
the bottom protection layer (5) comprises a flexible bottom protection layer (51) and a rigid bottom protection layer (52); the flexible bottom protection layer (51) is formed by paving one or more of broken stone, cobble and small-grain stone; the rigid bottom protection layer (52) is formed by plain concrete paving;
the impermeable double-layer film (3) comprises a lower geomembrane (31) arranged on the leveling layer (2) and an upper functional impermeable film (32) arranged on the lower geomembrane (31).
12. A karst geological riverway structure according to claim 11, characterised in that the hard back cover layer (1) is built with grout rubble.
13. Karst geological riverway structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the screed (2) is poured in plain concrete or cement mortar.
14. The karst geological river course structure of claim 11, wherein the flexible bedding layer (8) is paved by using one or a mixture of several of graded broken stone, cohesive soil and sand.
15. The karst geological river course structure of claim 11, characterized in that the impermeable membrane used in the upper functional impermeable membrane (32), the revetment zone impermeable membrane (7) is geotextile impermeable membrane or HDPE impermeable membrane.
16. The karst geological river course structure of any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the dike (6) and the revetment (9) are built by ecological gabion.
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| CN104131575A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-11-05 | 中国水利水电第十一工程局有限公司 | Plugging and drainage method for dam foundation on karst highly developed stratum |
| CN108547260A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-18 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of full library basin Anti-seeping technology structure of karst area and construction method |
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| CN105464048B (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-28 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The impermeable composite geomembrane structure and construction method of weir body deformation can be adapted to automatically |
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| CN104131575A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-11-05 | 中国水利水电第十一工程局有限公司 | Plugging and drainage method for dam foundation on karst highly developed stratum |
| CN108729409A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of river antiseepage stores ecological restoring apparatus again |
| CN108547260A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-18 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of full library basin Anti-seeping technology structure of karst area and construction method |
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