CN109818569A

CN109818569A - Method for being restarted after the parallel turning off system of photovoltaic module and shutdown

Info

Publication number: CN109818569A
Application number: CN201711149189.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永; 胡晓磊
Original assignee: FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-18
Filing date: 2017-11-18
Publication date: 2019-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-18
Also published as: CN109818569B

Abstract

The method restarted the invention mainly relates to the parallel turning off system for photovoltaic module and after turning off.Photovoltaic module is each equipped with cutoff device, multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string, and cutoff device is used to be turned off corresponding photovoltaic module and removes or be used for from battery pack string for corresponding photovoltaic module to be restored to the series connection access state for accessing battery pack string from off state.When shutdown control module receives shutdown order, stop to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to notify multiple cutoff devices to execute shutdown operation.Control module is turned off when receiving start command again to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source, to notify multiple cutoff devices to execute conducting operation to which corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to series connection access state from off state.

Description

Method for being restarted after the parallel turning off system of photovoltaic module and shutdown

Technical field

Present invention relates generally to solar energy generation technology fields, specifically, are related to concatenated multistage photovoltaic module The system that can be rapidly turned off constitutes shutdown module using the relatively simple topological structure being connected in parallel with battery to reach At lower cost solution, and additionally provide the scheme restarted again after parallel turning off system is turned off.

Background technique

Photovoltaic generating system needs to meet safety standard in power electronic system, thus national governments or associated mechanisms point Corresponding regulation rule has not been put into effect.Based on the considerations of safety standard, American Fire Protection Association modifies National Electrical specification, it is desirable that lives In the photovoltaic generating system of residence: after limiting the grid-connected port disconnection of photovoltaic generating system exchange when emergency occurs, direct current The voltage maximum at end must not exceed 80 volts.The safety standard of Italy is warned: fireman is in the case where building is with voltage It is absolutely not to be allowed to carry out fire-extinguishing operations.Also rate first carries out fire safety standard and also expressly provides for Germany: in photovoltaic It needs to increase additional direct current disconnecting device between inverter and component in electricity generation system.It can be concluded from these regulation rules Primary points for attention of safety factor out: even undesirable fire has occurred in photovoltaic module, sues and labours also only all Photovoltaic module is burned out no longer after crisis personal safety, is just licensed carry out firefighting rescue.

Photovoltaic generating system is higher in the popularization degree of American-European countries, therefore the regulation rule of matched safety utilization of electric power is also therewith More timely extend to the field of photovoltaic power generation.By taking the safety standard NEC2017 in the U.S. as an example, it is desirable that photovoltaic generating system tool Function is rapidly switched off, the voltage highest between photovoltaic array inner conductor and between conductor and the earth must not surpass after shut-off Cross about 80 volts.Photovoltaic plant is in the active measures of reply safety standard: rapidly switching off specially to realize in photovoltaic group The cutoff device of shutdown is played the role of in the output installation of part, pacifies on the battery pack string for providing direct current or on DC bus Order sending device is filled, order sending device is then mainly powered by AC network.Then extremely having when for example facing fire must Come when turning off photovoltaic module rapidly, order sending device is used to refer to cutoff device shutdown.The reply of shutdown photovoltaic module is arranged The further deterioration that can prevent the negative events such as fire is applied, reliability and safety are improved.

Summary of the invention

In a unrestricted optional embodiment of the invention, disclose a kind of for the parallel of photovoltaic module The turning off system and system specifically includes that

At least one shutdown control module；

Multiple cutoff devices and multiple photovoltaic modulies, each photovoltaic module are each equipped with a cutoff device；

Multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string；

Each cutoff device is removed or is used from battery pack string for being turned off corresponding photovoltaic module In the series connection access state that corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to access battery pack string from off state；

Shutdown control module receive shutdown order when, stop to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source with Multiple cutoff devices are notified to execute shutdown operation to be turned off corresponding photovoltaic module；Or

Turn off control module when receiving start command, again to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source with Multiple cutoff devices are notified to execute conducting operation to which corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to series connection access from off state State.

The above-mentioned parallel turning off system for photovoltaic module, in which:

Each cutoff device include be connected respectively to photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes one group of input terminal and including with other One group of output end that cutoff device is connected in series is equipped with bypass diode between one group of output end of each cutoff device；

When photovoltaic module is turned off, cutoff device corresponding to the photovoltaic module being turned off is provided by bypass diode One group of output end between conduction path.

Each cutoff device includes the master for being inputted main switch open or closed between end and output end Switch has first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal；

Each cutoff device includes the first coupling transformer for being coupled to its output end by power line, the first coupling The primary side winding of transformer and the first terminal of main switch are connected in one of one group of output end place；

The secondary windings of first coupling transformer is then used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

The driving pulse source being sensed is via a steering diode to the control terminal and first end for being connected to main switch Storage capacitor charging between son；

The current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch, and then main switch is connected otherwise main switch pass It is disconnected.

Main switch is power MOSFET and the first, second terminal and control terminal are source electrode, drain and gate respectively；Or

Main switch is IGBT and the first, second terminal and control terminal are emitter, collector and grid respectively.

The parallel resistance being connected in parallel with storage capacitor is additionally provided between the control terminal and first terminal of main switch.

The reversed string of a pair being connected in parallel with storage capacitor is additionally provided between the control terminal and first terminal of main switch Join the zener diode of connection.

It is coupled to the first terminal of main switch in the different name end of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer；

The Same Name of Ends of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer is coupled to the control terminal of main switch by the steering diode Son；

The control terminal of anode and main switch that Same Name of Ends is connected to the steering diode is connected to the yin of the steering diode Pole.

The Same Name of Ends of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer is coupled in a first node by a first capacitor；

A first diode is connected between the different name end of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer and first node；

The anode of first diode is connected to the different name end of the secondary windings of the first coupling transformer and cathode is connected to first segment Point；

The control terminal of anode and main switch that first node is connected to the steering diode is connected to the yin of the steering diode Pole.

Cutoff device is not carried out shutdown operation and is arranged to corresponding photovoltaic module to access the stage of battery pack string, The driving pulse source that shutdown control module is issued has the first logical states；

Shutdown control module is when receiving shutdown order, first by the driving pulse source conveyed to cutoff device from the first logic State is turned to opposite polarity second logical states, to notify cutoff device to be shorted the control terminal and first terminal of main switch immediately To promptly turn off main switch.

One auxiliary winding of the first coupling transformer around to opposite with secondary windings；

The different name end of the auxiliary winding of first coupling transformer is connected to the base stage of a npn bipolar transistor, Same Name of Ends It is connected at the first terminal of main switch with the emitter of the npn bipolar transistor；

The collector of the npn bipolar transistor is connected at the control terminal of main switch；

Auxiliary winding excites the npn bipolar transistor conducting at the driving pulse source for sensing the second logical states simultaneously Whereby be shorted main switch control terminal and first terminal and close main switch.

One auxiliary winding of the first coupling transformer around to identical as secondary windings；

To be connected to a PNP bipolar by the second diode for being reversely connected for the Same Name of Ends of the auxiliary winding of first coupling transformer The emitter of the base stage of transistor, different name end and the PNP bipolar transistor is connected at the first terminal of main switch；

The collector of the PNP bipolar transistor is connected at the control terminal of main switch；

Auxiliary winding excites the PNP bipolar transistor conducting at the driving pulse source for sensing the second logical states simultaneously Whereby be shorted main switch control terminal and first terminal and close main switch；

The anode of second diode is connected to the base stage of PNP bipolar transistor and cathode is connected to the Same Name of Ends of auxiliary winding.

Cutoff device includes the shunt capacitance being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal；

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, is provided and swashed by the shunt capacitance being connected in parallel with main switch It encourages clock and bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated.

Cutoff device includes the open type paralleling switch being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal, normally opened The control terminal of type paralleling switch is connected to the control terminal of main switch；

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, the open type paralleling switch by entering on state is provided Driving pulse source bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated；And

When the current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch and connects main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor Also control is ended open type paralleling switch.

The primary side winding and secondary windings being equipped with using a mutual inductor replace the original that first coupling transformer is equipped with Side winding and secondary windings.

In a unrestricted optional embodiment of the invention, disclose based on one kind above for photovoltaic group The method that the parallel turning off system of part restarts again after being turned off, in which:

Each cutoff device further includes the first coupling transformer for being coupled to its output end by power line, the first coupling The primary side winding of transformer and the first terminal of main switch are connected in one of one group of output end place；

The current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch, and then main switch is connected otherwise main switch pass It is disconnected；

The method includes:

Control module is turned off when receiving start command, motivates arteries and veins to cutoff device transport cycle again by power line It rushes source to charge to storage capacitor whereby, until the current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch, to trigger shutdown Device executes conducting operation to which corresponding battery component is restored to series connection access state from off state.

Above-mentioned method, in which:

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, driving pulse source is stopped the charge for leading to storage capacitor The on state threshold voltage of main switch is lost and is unable to reach, this stage provides excitation by the shunt capacitance being connected in parallel with main switch Clock bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated.

Above-mentioned method, in which:

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, driving pulse source is stopped the charge for leading to storage capacitor The on state threshold voltage of main switch is lost and is unable to reach, this stage is provided by the open type paralleling switch for entering on state swashs It encourages clock and bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated；And

Shutdown control module receive start command again to storage capacitor charge so that its current potential is reached main switch conducting Threshold voltage and when connecting main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor, which also controls, is ended open type paralleling switch.

Above-mentioned method, in which:

In another unrestricted optional embodiment of the invention, disclose it is another for photovoltaic module and Connection formula turning off system, it is characterised in that specifically include that

At least one shutdown control module；

Multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string；

Turn off control module when receiving start command, again to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source with Multiple cutoff devices are notified to execute conducting operation to which corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to series connection access from off state State；

Each cutoff device includes the inductor for being coupled to its output end by power line, one end of inductor and master The first terminal of switch is connected in one of one group of output end place, and the opposite other end of inductor is connected to a steering diode The cathode of anode and the steering diode is coupled to the control terminal of main switch；

Inductor is used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

The driving pulse source being sensed is via the steering diode to the control terminal and first end for being connected to main switch Storage capacitor charging between son；

The security level factor of photovoltaic generating system is fully considered, with the photovoltaic of U.S. NEC2017-690.12 standard suggestion For the fund of electricity generation system, it is desirable that have the turn-off capacity of component-level, best security of system is provided.Pass through the application Above-mentioned explanation content, if voltage need rapidly to drop to 30 volts hereinafter, so shutdown control module receiving it is artificial When the external shutdown order of sending, stop sending driving pulse to cutoff device to notify cutoff device by corresponding photovoltaic Component is turned off, and DC bus-bar voltage is approximately equal to zero volt and has higher security of system at this time.Therefore the application The shutdown solution of component-level has component and automatically shuts down ability, can be used for preventing since fire, hot spot or terminal box connect The excessive bring fever of line resistance leads to component and terminal box irreversible breaking.

So-called shutdown order in this application is not only may be used also from the external shutdown order artificially issued in fact To be internal shutdown order, for example turn off control module by sensor detecting to high temperature or open fire or similar failure when, The shutdown order of shutdown control module, which can be, to be triggered and generated by various target faults.In the shutdown energy for meeting component-level Can find how system restores it again after shut-off after power is a new doubt, turns off control module in this application and is receiving When start command, charged whereby to storage capacitor by power line to cutoff device conveying driving pulse (such as square wave), until storage The current potential of energy capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch, is executed with triggering cutoff device to battery pack string connected in series It is restored to the operation that state is connected in series again from off state, can restore to provide voltage to bus.

Detailed description of the invention

To keep above-mentioned purpose and feature and advantage more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiment is done with reference to the accompanying drawing Detailed explaination, read it is described further below and referring to the following drawings after, feature and advantage of the invention will be evident.

Fig. 1 is photovoltaic module battery pack string in series and the configuration diagram series-parallel by multiple battery packs.

Fig. 2 is the framework for configuring cutoff device for photovoltaic module and being battery pack string configuration shutdown control module.

Fig. 3 is the first embodiment for maintaining to connect by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device in battery pack string.

Fig. 4 is the second embodiment for maintaining to connect by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device in battery pack string.

Fig. 5, which is off control module and sends on power line, can be turned off the received excitation pulse signal of device.

Fig. 6 is off control module and indicates that cutoff device is rapidly switched to the first embodiment of shutdown from connection.

Fig. 7 is off control module and indicates that cutoff device is rapidly switched to the second embodiment of shutdown from connection.

Fig. 8 is off the fluctuation example that device is switched to voltage on storage capacitor during shutdown from connection.

Fig. 9 is off the embodiment for accelerating storage capacitor to discharge during device is switched to shutdown from connection.

Figure 10 is off control module and indicates that cutoff device is rapidly switched to the first embodiment connected from shutdown.

Figure 11 is off control module and indicates that cutoff device is rapidly switched to the second embodiment connected from shutdown.

Figure 12 is off example of the device using single inductor inductive impulse signal for storage capacitor charging.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with each embodiment, clear and complete elaboration, but described reality are carried out to technical solution of the present invention Applying example only is the present invention with the embodiment used in illustrating is described herein and not all embodiment, based on the embodiments such as this, this field Technical staff scheme obtained belongs to protection scope of the present invention without making creative work.

In field of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell are the core components to generate electricity.Solar panel is in mainstream The direction of technology is divided into single crystal silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell etc., what silion cell was required Service life is up to more than 20 years service life, and it is essential for carrying out persistent monitoring to the output characteristics of battery.Very much Inside and outside factor all can cause the generating efficiency of photovoltaic module low: manufacturing variation or installation between photovoltaic module itself The factors such as difference or shadow occlusion or maximum power tracing collocation degree can all cause transfer efficiency to reduce.For blocking, if After part photovoltaic module is blocked by cloud or the similar situations such as building or the shadow of the trees or dirt, this members will be become by power supply It is no longer produced electricl energy at load, photovoltaic module is higher in the temperature that the serious local location of hot spot effect occurs, and some is even It can cause to burn or blackening, solder joint thawing, encapsulating material aging, glass rupture, corrosion etc. are permanent more than several hundred degrees Celsius It destroys, long-term safety and reliability to photovoltaic module cause hidden danger greatly.Photovoltaic generating system is urgently to be resolved to ask Topic be that can in real time or it is intermittent observation each piece of mounted photovoltaic battery panel working condition, can be to battery Excess temperature, over-voltage, overcurrent and the short-circuit of terminals and the abnormal conditions such as all kinds of failures carry out early warning, this takes the battery being abnormal It is particularly important similar to active safety shutdown or other emergency measures.U.S. National Electrical specification provides all photovoltaics The voltage of electricity generation system need to drop within 10 seconds 30 volts hereinafter, based on realize the function of rapidly switching off must be taken into consideration for The cutoff device of shutdown is played the role of in the output configuration of photovoltaic module.

Referring to Fig. 1, photovoltaic module array is the basis that photovoltaic generating system is converted from luminous energy to electric energy.Illustrate photovoltaic group The battery pack string installed in part array, about battery pack string: each battery pack string is by multiple photovoltaic groups being connected in series with each other Part concatenation is constituted, and photovoltaic module can also be substituted for the DC power supplies such as fuel cell or chemical cell.Multiple and different battery packs Going here and there is the relationship being connected in parallel between them: although each battery pack string is made of and internal multiple multiple photovoltaic modulies Photovoltaic module is concatenated relationship, but multiple and different battery pack strings each other be connection relationship parallel with one another and altogether The energy collection device of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter INVT in the same direction etc provides electric energy.In some battery pack string, the application is with tandem type Multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN for, their own output voltage V_O1-V_ONTotal had into higher electricity after being overlapped mutually The tandem voltage of gesture is supplied to inverter INVT, i.e. busbar voltage V_BUS, it is each that inverter INVT converges concatenated multistage photovoltaic module From output power after carry out the inversion of direct current to alternating current, N is greater than 1 natural number.DC power supply is provided for inverter DC bus LA-LB between be connected with the capacitor C of large capacity_DC, bus capacitor must also undertake inversion in photovoltaic generating system Decoupling between the constant input power of device and the output power of fluctuation.

Referring to fig. 2, every piece of photovoltaic cell or photovoltaic module are each equipped with the dress for executing monitoring and shutdown in certain embodiment It sets namely referred to as cutoff device.In some battery pack string: the electric energy that first order photovoltaic module PV1 is generated is turned off by the first order Device SD1 is come in the entire battery pack string that decides whether to be added to, the electric energy that second level photovoltaic module PV2 is generated is turned off by the second level Device SD2 is come in the entire battery pack string that decides whether to be added to, until the electric energy of N grade of photovoltaic module PVN generations is by N grades Cutoff device SDN come in the entire battery pack string that decides whether to be added to.The main function of cutoff device is explained as follows for example: the Level-one cutoff device SD1 to N grades of cutoff device SDN needs and an other shutdown control module RSD (Rapid Shut-Down communication is established between), this communication mechanism is compatible with current various communication plans such as power line carrier communication Or all kinds of wireless communications etc., shutdown control module RSD are at least needed to be equipped with human-computer interaction function, can also be received from artificial The order of sending.If power station is because fire occurs for a variety of causes, fireman must be first turned off entire electricity generation system and can put out a fire, Otherwise high voltage may jeopardize personal safety.Taking human as active operation shutdown control module RSD as example: shutdown control mould Block RSD is when receiving shutdown order, such as presses the emergency shutdown switch that it is equipped with and can characterize and assigned a kind of shutdown and order, Shutdown control module RSD is based on communication and issues the first instruction namely shutdown instruction to multistage cutoff device SD1-SDN immediately at this time, It can be indicated with logic level signal, for notifying multistage cutoff device SD1-SDN by corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN It is turned off, so that the voltage for the battery pack string output being connected between DC bus LA-LB as desired is immediately Drop to and is approximately equal to zero.

Referring to fig. 2, the application is in optional but nonessential embodiment, it is assumed that the inside of battery pack string is serially connected with the first order Photovoltaic module PV1, second level photovoltaic module PV2, and so on, until N grades of photovoltaic module PVN.It can then learn individually The total tandem voltage being capable of providing on some battery pack string is approximately equal to: the voltage value that first order photovoltaic module PV1 is exported V_O1In addition the voltage V that the photovoltaic module PV2 of the second level is exported_O2, then also need the photovoltaic module PV3 along with the third level The voltage V exported_O3..., and so on, it is added to the voltage value V that N grades of photovoltaic module PVN is exported_ON, total tandem The calculated result of voltage is equal to V_O1+V_O2+…V_ON.It is superimposed on bus LA-LB by the voltage that multistage photovoltaic module exports Tandem voltage is fed to grid-connected again or for local use after the power equipments such as header box or inverter confluence and inversion.Photovoltaic Component PV1-PVN corresponds to cutoff device SD1-SDN, and the concrete scheme of superposition tandem voltage is first order cutoff device SD1, second Grade cutoff device SD2 ... analogize until N grades described cutoff device SDN etc. is connected in series by power line.About shutdown The basic definition of device: cutoff device by corresponding photovoltaic module for being turned off and being removed from battery pack string, Huo Zhe In the application, cutoff device is used to for corresponding photovoltaic module to be restored to the series connection in access battery pack string from off state Enter state.

Referring to fig. 2, be mentioned above when shutdown control module RSD sent out to multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN it is so-called Shutdown instruction, notifies multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN are turned off corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN to carry out safeguards system Voltage transient between DC bus LA-LB can be pulled down to as desired and be approximately equal to zero and then ensure by safety Safety, simultaneously turning off control module RSD at any time will prepare to receive start command.Start command is likely to produce at any time It is raw, for example, fire alarm occurs and cuts off entire battery pack string, subsequent fire alarm is released from, and restarting systems is needed to allow Photovoltaic generating system is again introduced into working condition and provides voltage to bus.

Referring to fig. 2, the control model restarted again after system is turned off is: shutdown control module RSD is being received The opposed enabled instruction of instruction with aforementioned shutdown is sent to notify to turn off to multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN when start command Corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN is restored to series connection access state from off state by device.Known shutdown control module RSD at least needs to be equipped with human-computer interaction function, and start command can be the order artificially issued, presses the shutdown control module What RSD was equipped with starts switch to characterize and has assigned a kind of start command, then turns off control module and need at once to cutoff device SD1-SDN issues the second instruction namely enabled instruction, and utilogic level signal indicates.Turn off control module and cutoff device it Between data or command communication can be power line carrier and be also possible to wirelessly communicate, the even driving pulse that proposes of the application As means of communication.Cutoff device SD1-SDN is connected to the corresponding photovoltaic module of each after enabled instruction from off state It is restored to series connection access state, the voltage of the battery pack string output between DC bus LA-LB is extensive immediately as desired Multiple to provide tandem voltage to bus, the voltage level of tandem voltage is very high and generally can be up to even thousands of to several hectovolts Volt.Compared with Fig. 1 does not take any shutdown measure, the embodiment of Fig. 2, which has, to be rapidly switched off function and meets peace Full specification, meets the user demand of component-level high-reliability shutdown.

It referring to Fig. 3, is observed in the entire link that multistage cutoff device SD1-SDN is connected in series: any previous stage shutdown The second output terminal of device is coupled to the first output end of neighboring later stage cutoff device, to meet: in some battery pack string Total tandem voltage that maximum is capable of providing is equal to the final of the multistage respective output voltage of cutoff device SD1-SDN in it and folds It is value added.Specific relationship: the second output terminal O2 of first order cutoff device SD1 is coupled to neighboring later stage namely second level shutdown The first output end O1 of device SD2, the second output terminal O2 of second level cutoff device SD2 are coupled to neighboring later stage namely third The first output end O1 of grade cutoff device SD3, until there are also the second output terminal NO2 of N-1 grades of cutoff device to be coupled to it Rear stage cutoff device SDN the first output end O1.The voltage that multistage cutoff device respectively exports is equivalent to multistage photovoltaic group The tandem voltage that part is superimposed is fed to energy collection device.In addition we can also be observed that first order cutoff device The first output end O1 of SD1 is coupled on bus LA, and has also been found that N grades last of the cutoff device SDN at end Second output terminal O2 be coupled on bus LB.

Referring to Fig. 3, cutoff device for corresponding photovoltaic module turn off and from battery pack string removal or For corresponding photovoltaic module to be restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string from off state.Some any pass Second input terminal of anode and cutoff device that the first input end of disconnected device is coupled to corresponding photovoltaic module is then coupled to pair Answer the cathode of photovoltaic module.For example: the first input end N1 of cutoff device SD1 is coupled to anode and the pass of photovoltaic module PV1 The second input terminal N2 of disconnected device SD1 is then coupled to the cathode of photovoltaic module PV1.In another more representational example In: the first input end N1 of cutoff device SDN is coupled to the positive and described cutoff device SDN of corresponding photovoltaic module PVN The second input terminal N2 be then coupled to the cathode of photovoltaic module PVN.It include that setting exists in this field, some any cutoff device Switch element between first input end N1 and the first output end O1 can also include to be arranged in the second input terminal N2 and second Switch element between output end O2, if cutoff device needs to be turned off corresponding photovoltaic module and from battery pack Removed in string, if control switch element close, if instead cutoff device need by corresponding photovoltaic module from Off state is restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string, as long as control switch element switches.Certainly in photovoltaic Power field, for so-called photovoltaic module cutoff device there are also other variants of plurality of optional, but basic function It is exactly: photovoltaic module is turned off or connected.In addition it is defeated to be then coupled in first with by-pass switch diode provisioned in cutoff device Between outlet NO1 and second output terminal NO2.Notice that bypass diode anode, which is arranged, is connected to second output terminal NO2, bypass diode DP cathode is connected to the first output end NO1, to be restored to series connection access shape by corresponding cutoff device control in photovoltaic module The cut-off that bypass diode is reversed when state, photovoltaic module bypass two when being switched to by corresponding cutoff device and be turned off state Pole pipe can be positive conducting.

Referring to Fig. 3, the working mechanism of cutoff device substantially be can be described as: the switch element between input terminal and output end Mean that corresponding photovoltaic module is executed conducting operation by cutoff device if conducting, is equivalent to photovoltaic module and is linked into electricity The voltage segment of oneself, the cut-off that bypass diode is reversed at this time are contributed in the group string of pond and to tandem voltage.It is corresponding If the switch element between input terminal and output end turns off, mean that corresponding photovoltaic module is executed shutdown by cutoff device Operation so that the voltage segment namely photovoltaic module that photovoltaic module can not contribute oneself to tandem voltage again from battery pack string Then at this time by positive conducting, actual meaning is bypass diode for middle removal: providing the light being turned off by bypass diode Lie prostrate the conduction path between two output ends of cutoff device corresponding to component.

Referring to Fig. 3, as the term suggests knowing that parallel turning off system implies cutoff device and corresponding photovoltaic module is simultaneously Join the relationship of connection.Cutoff device SD1-SDN and photovoltaic module PV1-PVN are connected in parallel in a manner of one-to-one, to be arranged Each photovoltaic module is each equipped with a cutoff device.Whether whether cutoff device SD1-SDN execute shutdown operation or execute Conducting operation by shutdown control module RSD control, and turn off control module RSD then by the control of artificial will or by The control of preset condition, preset condition be, for example, high temperature, high pressure, overcurrent, open fire or extreme cold weather etc. generation or Releasing can trigger shutdown control module RSD and assign shutdown or turn-on command, and multistage photovoltaic component string connection connects into battery pack String.Cutoff device by corresponding photovoltaic module for being turned off and removing or be used for from battery pack string to be corresponding to it Photovoltaic module from off state be restored to access battery pack string series connection access state.Typically for example cutoff device SDN is used It is removed from battery pack string or cutoff device SDN in corresponding photovoltaic module PVN is turned off then photovoltaic module PVN For corresponding photovoltaic module PVN to be restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string from off state.Shutdown control When molding block RSD receives shutdown order, emergency shutdown switch/audio-switch/pass of shutdown control module outfit is for example activated The shutdown switch i.e. characterization of disconnected button/touch screen formula assigns shutdown order, and shutdown control module has human-computer interaction function.Shutdown Control module RSD adopts following scheme to the mode of the instruction for assigning so-called shutdown of the cutoff device SDN as example: shutdown control Molding block RSD control cutoff device SDN be in normally state and ensure battery component PVN can be to tandem voltage contributions When voltage part, needs continual or at least intermittent or periodically send excitation to cutoff device SDN Clock PUS, photovoltaic module PVN at this time because the cutoff device SDN be conducting and be directly connected on bus LA-LB it Between, so it can contribute the voltage segment of itself to bus.It is opposed, it is closed if shutdown control module RSD attempts to control Disconnected device SDN is in an off state and makes battery component PVN from when removal between DC bus LA-LB, it is necessary to stop to pass Disconnected device SDN sends so-called driving pulse source PUS, has no doubt, and photovoltaic module PVN is because cutoff device SDN is off shape State and directly by from being removed between DC bus LA-LB, voltage segment can not be contributed to bus again.Generally think to turn off control Module is to the mode of the cutoff device SDN instruction for assigning shutdown: if stopping the excitation to cutoff device SDN transport cycle Clock PUS can then indicate that cutoff device SDN needs to execute battery component PVN shutdown operation.The application Notable Although using cutoff device SDN as example, remaining other cutoff devices SD1-SD in cutoff device SD1-SDN (N-1) electric characteristic and cutoff device SDN has no the difference of essence.

Referring to Fig. 3, cutoff device SDN includes main switch M and the first coupling transformer T₁It and further include being connected respectively to The two input terminal N1-N2 and cutoff device SDN of photovoltaic module PVN positive and negative anodes further include and other remaining cutoff devices Its two output ends can provide photovoltaic module PVN when two output end O1-O2 being connected in series, cutoff device SDN are connected Output power and output voltage.It is additionally provided with bypass diode DP between two output end O1-O2 of cutoff device SDN, The corresponding shutdown of photovoltaic module PVN being turned off is provided by bypass diode DP when photovoltaic module PVN is turned off device SDN shutdown Conduction path between two output end O1-O2 of device SDN.Assuming that the main switch M of the cutoff device SDN has first end Son and Second terminal and control terminal, first terminal is connected to the second output terminal O2 of cutoff device and Second terminal is connected to the Two input terminal N2, then main switch be alternatively connected between the second input terminal and second output terminal be Fig. 3 use embodiment.Can In the scheme of substitution, the first terminal of main switch M can also be connected to the first output end O1 and Second terminal of cutoff device Be connected to first input end N1, namely in the scheme of substitution main switch be alternatively connected to first input end and the first output end it Between.Main switch is used for will be open or closed between input terminal and output end, and it is defeated for example to can control first input end N1 and first Between outlet O1 it is open or closed also for example can control it is open or closed between the second input terminal N2 and second output terminal O2: it is main Switch disconnects then corresponding photovoltaic module and removes from battery pack string, and main switch is connected then corresponding photovoltaic module recovery and is linked into In battery pack string.

Referring to Fig. 3, cutoff device SDN includes be coupled to second output terminal O2 by power line described in the embodiment One coupling transformer T₁, specific connection relationship is: the first coupling transformer T₁Primary side winding L1 and the main switch first Terminal is connected at one of two output end O1-O2 namely second output terminal O2.Specifically primary side winding L1 herein It is to be connected between the second output terminal O2 of cutoff device SDN and bus LB.The main switch M in the optional embodiment of Fig. 3 Second terminal be directly connected to so-called first input end in the second input terminal N2 and the topological structure of cutoff device SDN N1 and the first output end O1 are directly coupled together.

Referring to Fig. 3, based in the alternative solution that Fig. 3 makes amendment but does not show: cutoff device SDN includes passing through Power line is coupled to the first coupling transformer T of for example the first output end O1₁, in the embodiment not shown quite In us by the first coupling transformer T₁Primary side winding L1 move directly to adjacent previous stage cutoff device SD (N- 1) between the first output end O1 of second output terminal O2 and rear stage cutoff device SDN.This scheme also has modified main switch M's Position: main switch is connected to from being moved between the second output terminal O2 for being connected to cutoff device and the second input terminal N2 before Between the first output end O1 and first input end N1 of cutoff device, the first terminal for setting main switch is connected to the of cutoff device One output end O1 and Second terminal is connected to first input end N1.Due to the first coupling transformer T in alternative solution₁Primary side winding It is moved between the first output end O1 of the second output terminal O2 and cutoff device SDN of cutoff device SD (N-1), then in the substitution In embodiment: the first coupling transformer T₁The first terminal of primary side winding and main switch is connected in two output end O1-O2 At another one i.e. the first output end O1.It is compared with the embodiment of Fig. 3, the embodiment of this substitution assumes that primary side winding L1 connection Between the first output end of cutoff device SDN and the second output terminal of cutoff device SD (N-1).Therefore in alternate figures 3 can Select in embodiment: the Second terminal that main switch can be set in we is directly connected to first input end N1, and in cutoff device So-called second input terminal N2 can also be set in SDN and second output terminal O2 is directly coupled together.Amendment is made based on Fig. 3 Alternative solution be that there are two selections for evidence: main switch selects to be connected between the second input terminal and second output terminal, then first The primary side winding of coupling transformer and the first terminal of main switch are connected in second output terminal namely Fig. 3 in two output ends； Main switch is alternatively connected between first input end and the first output end, then the primary side winding and main switch of the first coupling transformer First terminal be connected in the first output end in two output ends, the latter is the amendment made based on Fig. 3.

Referring to Fig. 3, in conclusion main switch M is alternatively connected between the second input terminal and second output terminal exactly above The embodiment of Fig. 3 of explanation.In alternative scheme, the first terminal of main switch M can also be connected to cutoff device First output end O1 and Second terminal are connected to first input end N1, namely the main switch selection connection in the scheme of alternate figures 3 Between first input end and the first output end.All in all: main switch is used for the separated of input terminal and output end or connects It is logical, it for example can control open or closed between first input end N1 and the first output end O1, it is defeated also for example to can control second Enter to hold open or closed between N2 and second output terminal O2.Main switch disconnects then corresponding photovoltaic module and moves from battery pack string It removes, main switch is connected then corresponding photovoltaic module recovery and is linked into battery pack string.

Referring to Fig. 3, the first coupling transformer T₁Secondary windings L2 be then used to incude or extract load in power line Driving pulse source PUS, the driving pulse source PUS being sensed is via a steering diode D2 to the control for being connected to main switch Storage capacitor C1 charging between terminal and first terminal, the current potential of storage capacitor C1 reach the on state threshold voltage of main switch then Main switch M is connected otherwise main switch M shutdown.The embodiment that the program is applicable not only to Fig. 3 also can equally be well applied to The alternate embodiment not shown in Fig. 3, difference be one end of the secondary windings L2 of the first coupling transformer in Fig. 3 such as The first terminal of different name end and main switch is coupled to second output terminal O2, in the alternate embodiment that Fig. 3 is not shown, first One end of the secondary windings L2 of coupling transformer is as being coupled to the first output end O1 if the first terminal of different name end and main switch, and two The position of the main switch that the difference of person is mainly recorded above is different, and Fig. 3 is by main switch setting in the second input terminal N2 and the It between two output end O2, and is then to be displaced to main switch to be arranged in first input end N1 and the first output end in alternate embodiment Between O1, but the function of the two is identical.Here so-called power line or concatenation line are in fact it is also assumed that be the extension of bus Point.It is brilliant that main switch M can be power MOSFET i.e. Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor or IGBT i.e. insulated gate bipolar Body pipe constant power switch.Main switch belongs to the electronic switch of three port types, and Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor includes Grid and source electrode and drain electrode and insulated gate bipolar transistor then includes grid and collector and emitter.Metal oxide half The control terminal of Second terminal of the conductor field effect transistor with such as drain D and the first terminal with such as source S and such as grid G Son, and first terminal of the so-called insulated gate bipolar transistor with such as Second terminal of collector C and with such as emitter E and such as The control terminal of grid G.The on state characteristic of common Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor be grid and source electrode it Between apply when reaching the voltage value of on state threshold voltage and be just turned on, the on state characteristic of common insulated gate bipolar transistor be Apply between grid and emitter and is just turned on when reaching the voltage value of on state threshold voltage.Power semiconductor switch is typical Have: Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, bipolar transistor, thyristor, gate turn off thyristor, integral gate Commutated thyristor, cutoff thyristor and emitter turn-off thyristor, insulated gate bipolar transistor etc..

Referring to Fig. 3, the first coupling transformer T₁Primary side winding L1 with there is first terminal and Second terminal and control terminal The main switch M of son is connected in second output terminal O2.The signal deciding of the control terminal of the main switch M first terminal of main switch and It is being also off for conducting between Second terminal, coupling transformer can be replaced with mutual inductor.First coupling transformer because With coupling effect so its secondary windings L2 is used to extract or incude shutdown control module RSD and is loaded into swashing on power line Encourage clock PUS, driving pulse source PUS can be the voltage of pulsation and with square-wave pulse is most commonly seen and frequency of use most It is high.Driving pulse source PUS can be incuded and captured in order to meet secondary windings L2, if the first coupling transformer T₁Secondary windings The different name end of L2 be coupled at the first terminal of main switch M namely at common node NCO and think common node NCO have ginseng Examine ground potential GR.As also set up the first coupling transformer T in Fig. 3₁The Same Name of Ends of secondary windings passes through a steering diode D2 coupling Close the control terminal such as grid G of main switch M.It is specific: the first coupling transformer T₁The Same Name of Ends of secondary windings L2 pass through First capacitor CC is coupled in first node N1, the steering diode be connected to first node N1 and main switch control terminal it Between, and the anode tap of steering diode D2 is connected to the first node N1 and cathode terminal is then connected to the control of main switch At terminal processed.

Referring to Fig. 3, in addition to this we are also in the first coupling transformer T₁The different name end of secondary windings L2 and mentioned above The first node N1 between be in addition also connected with independent first diode D1, pay attention to first diode D1 have with reference to ground The anode of current potential GR is connected to the first coupling transformer T₁The different name end of secondary windings L2, and we also set up the one or two pole The cathode of pipe D1 is connected at first node N1.The driving pulse sensed in other words is captured from power line by secondary windings L2 Source PUS is filled by steering diode D2 to the storage capacitor C1 being connected between the control terminal and first terminal of main switch M Electricity is charged by pumping signal to the storage capacitor C1 being set between grid G and common node NCO, the steering two It is that storage capacitor charges that pole pipe, which allows the pulse incuded unidirectionally,.In an alternate embodiment of the invention the control terminal of main switch M and The parallel resistance R1 in parallel with storage capacitor is additionally provided between first terminal/common node NCO.The driving pulse source sensed PUS charges to storage capacitor C1, and the current potential of storage capacitor C1 reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch M, and then main switch M is given It connects, otherwise when the current potential of storage capacitor C1 is not up to the on state threshold voltage of the main switch M, then main switch M is turned off. Equivalent physical model according to Semiconductor Physics theory solar components includes the diode factor, equivalent series resistance Resistance is exported under the influence of different intensities of illumination and different temperature environments with factors, photovoltaic modulies such as equivalent parallel resistances Anti- characteristic has biggish difference.The transmission path of driving pulse is transmitted via the internal resistance of each photovoltaic module, photovoltaic In the case that with external environment larger offset occurs for the impedance of component, driving pulse is on the transmission path of multistage photovoltaic module Recession level it is almost unpredictable.In fuzzy signal processing, using the combination of first capacitor CC and first diode D1, It can be by the certain amplitude of the lifting of the current potential globality of driving pulse source PUS to avoid excessive at least in some embodiments Decaying.

Referring to fig. 4, the first terminal of main switch M and the first coupling transformer T in cutoff device SDN₁So-called primary side around Group L1 is connected at second output terminal O2, and opposite Fig. 3 saves first capacitor CC and first diode D1.In so-called cutoff device First coupling transformer T is set in SDN₁Primary side winding L1 and the first terminal of main switch M be connected at second output terminal O2 And the Second terminal of main switch M is connected at the second input terminal N2.Wherein it is worth noting that the first coupling transformer T₁ Secondary windings L2 is used to extract the driving pulse source PUS loaded on power line, as the coupling of signal, by secondary windings The driving pulse source PUS signal that L2 is sensed or captured is then via steering diode D2 above to being connected in main switch M Control terminal such as grid G and first terminal such as source electrode S between storage capacitor C1 charging.Common node NCO and One terminal is coupled.Optionally it is additionally provided with and stores up between the control terminal of main switch and common node NCO/ first terminal The parallel resistance R1 of energy capacitor C1 parallel connection.The anode tap of steering diode D2 is directly connected to secondary in an alternate embodiment of the invention The Same Name of Ends of winding L2 and cathode terminal is then connected at the control terminal of main switch.The control of main switch M in an alternate embodiment of the invention It is additionally provided between terminal and first terminal or common node processed and is connect with a pair of of differential concatenation that storage capacitor C1 is connected in parallel Zener diode Z1-Z2.The zener diode Z1-Z2 of differential concatenation connection refers to: the anode of zener diode Z1 and Z2 are mutual Even, the cathode of zener diode Z1 is connected at first terminal or common node NCO, and the cathode of zener diode Z2 is connected to master So that zener diode and storage capacitor C1 that this pair is connected in series are connected in parallel at the control terminal of switch, this is paid attention to Kind embodiment also can equally be well applied in the embodiment of Fig. 3.The zener diode of back-to-back differential concatenation connection is used In clamping down on the pressure drop between the control terminal of main switch and first terminal, damage power switch is avoided.

Referring to Fig. 5, turn off control module RSD to cutoff device SDN in other words on power line transport cycle excitation There are many modes by clock PUS.In this embodiment: driving pulse source PUS is controlled in the form of high low logic level by shutdown Pulse signal producer that module RSD has generates, and can be AC signal.Second coupling transformer T in the embodiment₂? There are primary side winding and secondary windings and its primary side winding is connected on power line, primary side winding and serial cutoff device SN1- SDN is connected in series together by power line.Furthermore second coupling transformer T is set₂Secondary windings and coupled capacitor OC The two is connected on another with reference between ground GG and the output end of driver DR, and reference ground GG described here is denoted as second with reference to ground Current potential is avoided confusion with distinguishing with the ground reference GR for being denoted as the first ground reference above, and the potential of the two can With difference.The working mechanism of shutdown control module RSD is: the driver DR by the driving pulse source PUS of generation by outfit It is exported, final driving pulse source PUS passes through the second coupling transformer T₂Primary side winding and secondary windings coupling And be transmitted or be loaded on power line, so-called driving pulse source PUS is square wave or other similar fluctuating signals here.This Any scheme that periodical or intermittent pulse signal is loaded or traveled on power line in field can be with alternate figures 5 Embodiment.

Referring to Fig. 6, turns off control module RSD and attempt to control cutoff device SDN and be in normal on state and must then hold Continuous or intermittent transmission driving pulse source PUS, it is from cutoff device SDN excitation induced clock PUS and electric to the energy storage of itself Capacity charge can maintain the conducting of cutoff device SD, namely meet storage capacitor C1 current potential reach main switch conduction threshold electricity The condition of pressure.If shutdown control module RSD no longer it is expected that cutoff device SDN is in normal on state and is off, For example an emergency situation is encountered shutdown control module RSD receive shutdown order when can by originally the continual or intermittent or period Property to cutoff device SDN send driving pulse source PUS stop, in such cases storage capacitor C1 can power down and no longer meet Current potential reaches the condition of the on state threshold voltage of main switch.Shutdown control module assigns the instruction of shutdown to cutoff device SDN Mode is: stopping to the driving pulse source of cutoff device SDN transport cycle to notify cutoff device SDN to corresponding light It lies prostrate component PVN and executes shutdown operation.Background parts introduce U.S.'s Electrical codes and provide that the voltage of photovoltaic generating system must be at 10 seconds Although dropping to 30 volts in clock hereinafter, the embodiment of Fig. 3-5 can timely turn off entire battery pack string, more insurance and more The mode of safety, cutoff device as shown in FIG. 6 being capable of the more rapid shutdowns when turning off control module RSD and receiving shutdown order System.

Referring to Fig. 6, the stage of shutdown order is not received in shutdown control module RSD, cutoff device SDN is not carried out shutdown It operates and maintains the stage for remaining up connection with photovoltaic module PVN, the driving pulse source that shutdown control module RSD is issued It is for example the positive potential of opposite zero potential that PUS, which has the first logical states, this stage still can effectively guarantee by the first coupling The driving pulse source PUS of transformer capture is lasting to the control terminal for being connected to main switch and the via a steering diode D2 Between one terminal storage capacitor C1 charging, meet storage capacitor current potential reach main switch on state threshold voltage condition.Make More rapid shutdown mode when shutdown is ordered is received for shutdown control module RSD, turns off control module when receiving shutdown order, The driving pulse source PUS conveyed to cutoff device SDN is first turned to opposite polarity second logical states, example from the first logical states The negative potential of opposite zero potential in this way, notice cutoff device SDN be shorted at once control terminal and the first terminal of main switch to Promptly turn off main switch M.Referring to the first coupling transformer of Fig. 6 T₁Auxiliary winding L3 around to secondary windings L2 on the contrary, So the two magnetic induction direction is also different.The purpose for actively using additional auxiliary winding L3 in this embodiment is: the first coupling Close transformer T₁The different name end of auxiliary winding L3 is connected to base stage, the auxiliary winding that a switchtype is npn bipolar transistor Q The Same Name of Ends of L3 and the emitter of npn bipolar transistor be connected at the first terminal of main switch M namely auxiliary winding L3 it is same The emitter of name end and npn bipolar transistor has ground reference GR.Pay attention to the collector of the npn bipolar transistor Q also It is connected at the control terminal such as grid G of the main switch.If driving pulse source PUS have the first logical states, auxiliary around Group L3 can not effectively sense the driving pulse source PUS of the first logical states or perhaps activate npn bipolar transistor, otherwise work as When shutdown control module RSD receives shutdown order due to the driving pulse source PUS be turned to from the first original logical states it is subsequent Opposite polarity second logical states, so that auxiliary winding L3, which smoothly can be captured or be said, senses swashing for the second logical states Clock PUS is encouraged, therefore activates npn bipolar transistor Q conducting, and immediately by the control terminal of main switch M and its first Terminal is shorted to the control terminal and so-called ground reference GR for promptly turn off main switch M, making main switch M together Potential is identical.Main shutdown control principle is: when auxiliary winding L3 senses the driving pulse source PUS of the second logical states, Can rapidly excite the npn bipolar transistor Q to be connected, be shorted whereby main switch control terminal and first terminal and close master Switch M, the embodiment may be used on the embodiment of Fig. 3-5.

Referring to Fig. 7, the period of shutdown order is not received in shutdown control module RSD, cutoff device SDN is not carried out shutdown It operates and maintains the period for remaining up connection with photovoltaic module PVN, the driving pulse source that shutdown control module RSD is issued It is for example the positive level of opposite zero potential that PUS, which has the first logical states, this period can ensure to be incuded by the first coupling transformer To driving pulse source PUS via steering diode D2 constantly to be connected to main switch control terminal and first terminal it Between storage capacitor C1 charging, and the current potential for meeting storage capacitor reaches the condition of the on state threshold voltage of main switch.As Shutdown control module RSD receives faster shutdown mode when shutdown order, and shutdown control module is when receiving shutdown order, first The driving pulse source PUS conveyed to cutoff device SDN is turned to the second opposite logical states from the first logical states, is for example phase To the negative level of zero potential, to notify cutoff device SDN to be shorted control terminal and the first terminal of main switch immediately to quickly Ground turns off main switch M, then stops to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source PUS or only send have second again Logical states rather than the driving pulse source PUS of the first logical states can ensure that concatenated link is turned off to cutoff device, this reality Apply the embodiment that means are suitable for Fig. 6.Stop being off to the so-called driving pulse source PUS purpose of cutoff device conveying to energy storage Capacitor charging, as alternative means, only send there are the second logical states rather than the driving pulse source PUS of the first logical states to Cutoff device is that both first terminals of the control terminal of main switch and main switch are directly clamped down on to same current potential, two kinds of means Independent work or cooperation running, the result finally achieved are off device SDN and execute shutdown operation and and photovoltaic module PVN is disconnected.First logical states in driving pulse source are for example the positive potentials of opposite zero potential or reference potential, motivate arteries and veins The second logical states for rushing source are for example the negative potential of opposite zero potential or reference potential, therefore say the polarity phase of the two logical states Instead.

Referring to Fig. 7, the alternative solution of the embodiment as Fig. 6 needs to be arranged the first coupling transformer T₁It is other Auxiliary winding L3 around to identical as secondary windings L2, so the two magnetic induction direction is also identical.It actively adopts in this embodiment Purpose with additional auxiliary winding L3 is: the first coupling transformer T₁Auxiliary winding L3 Same Name of Ends by reversal connection second Diode D3 is connected to the base stage of a PNP bipolar transistor Q, the different name end of auxiliary winding L3 and the PNP bipolar transistor The emitter of pipe Q is connected at the first terminal of main switch M namely the different name end of auxiliary winding and the PNP bipolar transistor The emitter of pipe Q has ground reference GR.The collector of the PNP bipolar transistor is then connected to the control of main switch M At terminal such as grid G, auxiliary winding L3 excites the PNP bipolar in the driving pulse source PUS for sensing the second logical states Transistor Q is connected and is shorted control terminal and the first terminal of main switch whereby and closes main switch M.Pay attention to the second diode D3 Anode be connected to the base stage of PNP bipolar transistor and its cathode is then connected to the Same Name of Ends of auxiliary winding L3.Driving pulse source PUS Although auxiliary winding L3 senses the driving pulse source PUS of the first logical states, bipolar transistor when with the first logical states Pipe can not be connected it is believed that auxiliary winding does not work, otherwise shutdown control module RSD is received when shutdown is ordered since this swashs It encourages clock PUS and is turned to opposite polarity second logical states from the first original logical states, so that auxiliary winding L3 can be with Sense the driving pulse source PUS of the second logical states, therefore PNP bipolar transistor Q is connected, and immediately by the control of main switch M Terminal and its first terminal are shorted to together to promptly turn off main switch M, so that the control terminal of main switch M and so-called Ground reference GR potential it is identical.Main shutdown control principle is at this time: auxiliary winding L3 is sensing the second logic When the driving pulse source PUS of state, the PNP bipolar transistor Q can rapidly be excited to be connected, be shorted the control terminal of main switch whereby Son with first terminal and close main switch M, which may be used on the embodiment of Fig. 3-5.

Referring to Fig. 8, cutoff device SD needs to keep the on state of electricity generation system before the instruction for receiving shutdown order And the method for normal power generation include: wait shutdown order shutdown control module RSD receive shutdown order before namely when Between axis at the time of TS before, shutdown control module RSD control cutoff device SDN enters conduction mode, makes into conduction mode The corresponding a series of photovoltaic module PV1-PVN of cutoff device is linked between DC bus LA-LB and supplies to DC bus The voltage of electricity, DC bus is substantially equal to V_O1+V_O2+…V_ON.To store up to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source PUS Can the curve 106 of voltage fluctuation of capacitor be similar to sawtooth wave, go up a slope in curve 106 be to storage capacitor charging and descending is then Storage capacitor electric discharge or electric leakage, because driving pulse source PUS is analogous to square wave of low and high level of level jump etc. and causes The voltage of storage capacitor shows the fluctuation of sawtooth.Then the voltage fluctuation of storage capacitor also illustrates grid by taking power MOSFET as an example The fluctuation of pole source voltage VGS.Shutdown control module RSD for example presses emergency shutdown switch when receiving shutdown order and characterizes Shutdown order has been assigned, turning off control module RSD at this time can then stop issuing driving pulse source PUS to cutoff device SD immediately, TS makes storage capacitor start rapid power down due to losing driving pulse source PUS at the time of issuing the instruction of shutdown, then TE1 charge is carved to exhaust.Certain main switch will not just be closed until the electricity of storage capacitor close to zero, but in moment TS- Some timing node between TE1 is unable to reach the on state threshold voltage of main switch and by main switch due to the current potential of storage capacitor M shutdown.

Referring to Fig. 9, first as shown in connection with fig. 8, shutdown control module stops conveying to cutoff device when receiving shutdown order To notify cutoff device to execute shutdown operation, i.e. embodiment used by Fig. 3-5, these embodiments are issuing pass in driving pulse source At the time of disconnected instruction namely moment TS cause storage capacitor C1 due to lose driving pulse source PUS and start power down and one Until charge just exhausts on subsequent sometime TE1 storage capacitor.It is as right using the embodiment that Fig. 6-7 is illustrated Than executing shutdown operation modification are as follows: turn over the driving pulse source PUS conveyed to cutoff device SDN from the first original logical states Opposite polarity second logical states are gone to, notice cutoff device SDN is shorted the control terminal and first terminal of main switch immediately, and Rapidly shutdown main switch M execute shutdown operation, as shown in figure 9, these embodiments issue shutdown instruction at the time of i.e. when The control terminal and first terminal that quarter TS leads to main switch are by transient short-circuit, so that the potential of control terminal and first terminal It is identical.Start to lose faster up to the charge in moment TE2 storage capacitor in the overturning of moment TS signal, almost directly fall To zero, identical reason main switch will not until the electricity of storage capacitor is close to zero just closing, but moment TS-TE2 it Between some timing node and be almost moment TS or so since the control terminal of main switch and its first terminal are by transient state Short circuit and main switch M is turned off.Time-consuming in Fig. 9 between TS-TE2 is far smaller than in Fig. 8 the time-consuming between TS-TE1.Comparison diagram The control mode of 8-9 we can easily obtain the unsuspecting result of milli: Fig. 9 is substantially reduced using the scheme of auxiliary winding Shutdown control module executes the response time of shutdown order when receiving shutdown order.If busbar voltage was needed at 10 seconds Inside drop to 30 volts or less, it is apparent that the expection that bus falls rapidly is more met using the scheme of auxiliary winding.

Referring to Figure 10, if attempting to have no obstacle again after cutoff device SDN is turned off under the instruction of the instruction of shutdown The method of secondary restarting systems needs individually designed.The shutdown control module RSD of start command is waited to receive start command The shutdown control module RSD enters shutdown mode due to controlling cutoff device SDN before, enters the cutoff device of shutdown mode Corresponding photovoltaic module can not be linked between DC bus and to DC bus powered.It can be with although main switch is disconnected Bus is disconnected to ensure safety but while cause very negative drawback --- the driving pulse source that shutdown control module RSD is issued PUS can not be propagated smoothly in closed loop again, which refers to main switch and a series of battery by series connections The loop between bus LA-LB that component PV1-PVN is constituted.The unique design of the method for system restarting is: Cutoff device SDN is restored to the behaviour that state is connected in series again from off state for executing to battery pack string connected in series Make, namely shutdown control module RSD, when receiving start command, the physical start-up that for example triggering shutdown control module is equipped with is opened Pass/touch screen switch/audio-switch etc. characterizes and has assigned start command, conveys again by power line to cutoff device SDN Periodic excitation clock PUS executes conducting connection again to notify cutoff device SDN to corresponding photovoltaic module Operation is equivalent to this stage shutdown control module RSD and issues enabled instruction to cutoff device again at once.Above by discussion , main switch M, which is disconnected, causes the periodic excitation clock PUS conveyed again by power line to cutoff device that can not pass through The main switch M of disconnection forms closure propagation path, and in other words secondary windings can not sense pulse, can directly contribute cutoff device SDN executes the operating difficulties being connected in series again.The application solves the means that driving pulse source PUS is propagated in the closed are as follows: closes Disconnected device SDN is configured with the parallel connection between being connected to the first terminal of for example source electrode of main switch M and the Second terminal that for example drains After capacitor CP, cutoff device SDN execute shutdown operation and close main switch M, by the shunt capacitance CP being connected in parallel with main switch M The PUS conduction path propagated on power line in driving pulse source is provided.Shutdown control module RSD receive start command it Afterwards, shutdown control module indicates cutoff device SDN by corresponding photovoltaic module PVN from being by the driving pulse source PUS issued The off state of system off-phases is restored to series connection access state, contains the power generation of the photovoltaic module PV1-PVN of battery pack string System is restarted rapidly, and DC bus LA-LB voltage quickly rises to be equal to V_O1+V_O2+…V_ON.Integral Thought is to pass through Shunt capacitance CP when ensureing main switch M shutdown driving pulse source PUS can propagate, by driving pulse source PUS to storage capacitor Reclose main switch, the current potential for meeting storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch for charging, so shutdown dress The operation being connected in series again can be executed to battery pack string connected in series by setting.

Referring to Figure 11, previously mentioned cutoff device SDN attempts to restart after being turned off under the instruction of the instruction of shutdown The puzzlement of system is: the driving pulse source PUS that shutdown control module RSD is issued can not be propagated smoothly in closed loop again And main cause is caused by main switch is disconnected.As the embodiment of alternate figures 10, solves driving pulse source and pass in the closed The alternative means broadcast is: cutoff device SDN is configured with the open type being connected between the first terminal and Second terminal of main switch M Paralleling switch MP.Open type (Normally-ON) paralleling switch MP in a normal state if not actively go to control leading for it Then its default is in an ON state to logical or off state.The adoptable type of device of open type paralleling switch MP is for example Junction field effect transistor JFET, the drain electrode of part junction field effect transistor and source electrode are considered separately as first terminal and second Terminal and they can be interchanged.The control terminal G of open type paralleling switch MP is connected to the control terminal G of main switch M, normally opened The first terminal and Second terminal of type paralleling switch MP are connected respectively the first terminal and Second terminal of main switch.Shutdown After device SDN executes shutdown operation and closes main switch M, open type paralleling switch enters the on-state of default.If opposite Storage capacitor is electrically charged and leads to have potential between the first terminal or Second terminal and grid control terminal of open type paralleling switch Difference, then open type paralleling switch enters off state.After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch M, in the application Open type paralleling switch MP by entering on state provides the conducting that driving pulse source PUS is propagated on power line and leads to Road.Shutdown control module RSD is in normally state in control cutoff device, such as ensures cutoff device SDN and battery pack string When maintaining series connection, to need continual or at least intermittent or periodically send and motivate to cutoff device SDN Clock PUS, storage capacitor C1 are because the charging of pulse signal makes its current potential reach the on state threshold voltage of main switch and connect In the stage of main switch M, to avoid the interference between main switch and open type paralleling switch, the current potential that storage capacitor C1 is electrically charged is also It can control as pinch-off voltage and ended the open type paralleling switch MP of the classifications such as junction field effect transistor.It is whole Thinking is that driving pulse source PUS can be propagated when ensureing main switch M shutdown by open type paralleling switch, by driving pulse source PUS promotes main switch to be switched on again to storage capacitor charging, and the current potential for meeting storage capacitor reaches the conducting threshold of main switch Threshold voltage, so cutoff device can execute the operation being connected in series again to battery pack string connected in series.Only at certain It should be noted that the instruction of shutdown leads to storage capacitor gradually power down, in energy storage in a little optional but nonessential embodiments Main switch M is turned off in advance since current potential is unable to reach the on state threshold voltage of main switch during the power down of capacitor, this moment Because the charge of storage capacitor also not to zero and by open type paralleling switch MP clamp down on shutdown area, until storage capacitor power down The on-state for terminating the gate-source voltage that can not influence open type paralleling switch MP again and paralleling switch being made to enter default.

Referring to Figure 12, by the above especially parallel pass for photovoltaic module that refers to of the embodiment of Fig. 2-11 Disconnected system is transformed, comprising: the photovoltaic of shutdown control module RSD and multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN and multiple series connections Component PV1-PVN, each photovoltaic module are each equipped with a cutoff device, and multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack String.Cutoff device is removed from battery pack string for being turned off corresponding photovoltaic module or cutoff device is used for Corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string from off state.In optional embodiment Middle shutdown control module RSD stops when receiving shutdown order to each cutoff device SD1-SDN transport cycle driving pulse Source PUS is to notify multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN to execute shutdown operation to give respectively corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN With shutdown.Or it when turning off control module RSD when receiving start command, will continue to again to each cutoff device SD1-SDN Transport cycle driving pulse source PUS is to notify multiple cutoff devices to execute conducting operation thus by corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN is restored to series connection access state from off state.

Referring to Figure 12, by the above especially parallel pass for photovoltaic module that refers to of the embodiment of Fig. 2-11 Disconnected system is transformed, and for example SDN includes for being inputted the separated of end and output end or connecing to each cutoff device Logical main switch M, main switch M have first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal.Main switch M is connected in first input end N1 And first between output end O1 when can be used for open or closed, main switch between its first input end N1 and the first output end O1 M can be used for when being connected between the second input terminal N2 and second output terminal O2 by the separated of its second input terminal and second output terminal Or it connects.Cutoff device SDN includes being coupled to its output end for example second output terminal O2 or the first output end O1 by power line Inductor LS.Coupling element T₃It can replace the first coupling transformer above and coupling element mainly includes inductor LS.One end of inductor LS and the first terminal of main switch M are connected at the second output terminal O2 in two output ends, Huo Zhe electricity One end of sensor LS and the first terminal of main switch M are connected at the first output end O1 in two output ends.Inductor LS's The cathode of anode and steering diode D2 that opposite other end is then connected to a steering diode D2 is coupled to main switch M's Control terminal.Inductor LS is used to extract the driving pulse source PUS loaded on power line, the driving pulse source being sensed PUS charges via steering diode D2 to the storage capacitor C1 being connected between the control terminal of main switch and first terminal. The current potential of storage capacitor C1 reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch, and then main switch M is connected otherwise main switch M shutdown.

Referring to Figure 12, by the above especially parallel pass for photovoltaic module that refers to of the embodiment of Fig. 2-11 Disconnected system is transformed: cutoff device SDN include be respectively coupled to photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes two input terminal N1-N2 and including with Bypass two is equipped between other cutoff devices concatenated two output end O1-O2, two output end O1-O2 of cutoff device SDN Pole pipe DP provides the dress of shutdown corresponding to the photovoltaic module being turned off as bypass diode DP when photovoltaic module PVN is turned off Set the conduction path between two output end O1-O2 of SDN.The control terminal and first end of main switch in an alternate embodiment of the invention The parallel resistance R1 being connected in parallel with storage capacitor C is additionally provided between son.The control terminal of main switch in an alternate embodiment of the invention The zener diode Z1-Z2 connecting with the storage capacitor C differential concatenation being connected in parallel is additionally provided between son and first terminal.? Cutoff device SDN includes the shunt capacitance being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal in optional embodiment CP, in combination with Figure 10 and Figure 12, after cutoff device SDN executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, by being connected in parallel with main switch M Shunt capacitance CP driving pulse source be provided bypass the conduction path propagated of main switch.Shutdown dress in an alternate embodiment of the invention Setting SDN further includes the open type paralleling switch MP being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal, in combination with Figure 11 And the control terminal of Figure 12, open type paralleling switch MP are connected to the control terminal of main switch M, cutoff device M executes shutdown behaviour After work, the open type paralleling switch MP by entering on state provides driving pulse source PUS and leads around what main switch was propagated Road all；And when the current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch M and connects main switch, storage capacitor C1 Current potential also control and ended open type paralleling switch MP.Notice that each embodiment in Fig. 2-7 and Figure 10-11 is had All technical characteristics for having and describing are also applied in the embodiment of Figure 12 record.Coupling element T₃It can replace above First coupling transformer, then position of the inductor LS instead of the primary side winding of the first coupling transformer.So inductor LS can To be arranged between the second output terminal of previous stage cutoff device and the first output end of neighboring later stage cutoff device, or Person is that inductor LS can be with cloth setting between the first output end and bus LA of the cutoff device of the first first order, or even Inductor LS can be with cloth setting between the second output terminal and bus LB of the cutoff device of the afterbody at end.

Above by description and accompanying drawings, the exemplary embodiments of the specific structure of specific embodiment, foregoing invention are given Existing preferred embodiment is proposed, but these contents are not intended as limiting to.For a person skilled in the art, in reading State it is bright after, various changes and modifications undoubtedly will be evident.Therefore, appended claims, which should be regarded as, covers the present invention True intention and range whole variations and modifications.The range of any and all equivalences within the scope of the claim of this application book With content, all it is considered as still belonging to the intent and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. a kind of parallel turning off system for photovoltaic module characterized by comprising

At least one shutdown control module；

Multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string；

Each cutoff device for corresponding photovoltaic module turn off and from battery pack string removal or be used for by Corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string from off state；

Shutdown control module stops to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source when receiving shutdown order to notify Multiple cutoff devices execute shutdown operation to be turned off corresponding photovoltaic module；Or

Control module is turned off when receiving start command, again to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to notify Multiple cutoff devices execute conducting operation to which corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to series connection access state from off state.

2. the parallel turning off system according to claim 1 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Each cutoff device includes being connected respectively to one group of input terminal of photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes and including turning off with other One group of output end that device is connected in series is equipped with bypass diode between one group of output end of each cutoff device；

When photovoltaic module is turned off, one of cutoff device corresponding to the photovoltaic module being turned off is provided by bypass diode Conduction path between group output end.

3. the parallel turning off system according to claim 1 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Each cutoff device includes the main switch for being inputted main switch open or closed between end and output end With first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal；

Each cutoff device includes the first coupling transformer for being coupled to its output end by power line, the first coupling transformation The primary side winding of device and the first terminal of main switch are connected in one of one group of output end place；

The driving pulse source being sensed via a steering diode to be connected to main switch control terminal and first terminal it Between storage capacitor charging；

The current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch, and then main switch is connected otherwise main switch shutdown.

4. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

5. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

6. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

A pair of of the differential concatenation being connected in parallel with storage capacitor is additionally provided between the control terminal and first terminal of main switch to connect The zener diode connect.

7. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

The Same Name of Ends of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer is coupled to the control terminal of main switch by the steering diode；

The control terminal of anode and main switch that Same Name of Ends is connected to the steering diode is connected to the cathode of the steering diode.

8. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

The anode of first diode is connected to the different name end of the secondary windings of the first coupling transformer and cathode is connected to first node；

The control terminal of anode and main switch that first node is connected to the steering diode is connected to the cathode of the steering diode.

9. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Cutoff device is not carried out shutdown operation and is arranged to corresponding photovoltaic module to access the stage of battery pack string, shutdown The driving pulse source that control module is issued has the first logical states；

Shutdown control module first turns in the driving pulse source conveyed to cutoff device from the first logical states when receiving shutdown order Go to opposite polarity second logical states, with notify cutoff device be shorted immediately main switch control terminal and first terminal to Promptly turn off main switch.

10. the parallel turning off system according to claim 9 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

The different name end of the auxiliary winding of first coupling transformer is connected to base stage, Same Name of Ends and the institute of a npn bipolar transistor The emitter for the npn bipolar transistor stated is connected at the first terminal of main switch；

Auxiliary winding excites the npn bipolar transistor conducting and whereby at the driving pulse source for sensing the second logical states Be shorted main switch control terminal and first terminal and close main switch.

11. the parallel turning off system according to claim 9 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

The Same Name of Ends of the auxiliary winding of first coupling transformer is connected to a PNP bipolar transistor by the second diode being reversely connected The emitter of the base stage of pipe, different name end and the PNP bipolar transistor is connected at the first terminal of main switch；

Auxiliary winding excites the PNP bipolar transistor conducting and whereby at the driving pulse source for sensing the second logical states Be shorted main switch control terminal and first terminal and close main switch；

12. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, excitation arteries and veins is provided by the shunt capacitance being connected in parallel with main switch It rushes source and bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated.

13. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Cutoff device includes the open type paralleling switch being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal, and open type is simultaneously The control terminal of connection switch is connected to the control terminal of main switch；

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, the open type paralleling switch by entering on state provides excitation Clock bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated；And

When the current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch and connects main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor is also controlled System is ended open type paralleling switch.

14. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

The primary side winding and secondary windings being equipped with using mutual inductor replace primary side that first coupling transformer is equipped with around Group and secondary windings.

It is restarted after shut-off 15. a kind of based on the parallel turning off system described in claim 1 for photovoltaic module Method, which is characterized in that wherein:

Each cutoff device further includes the first coupling transformer for being coupled to its output end by power line, the first coupling transformation The primary side winding of device and the first terminal of main switch are connected in one of one group of output end place；

The current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch, and then main switch is connected otherwise main switch shutdown；

The method includes:

Control module is turned off when receiving start command, again by power line to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source It charges whereby to storage capacitor, until the current potential of storage capacitor reaches the on state threshold voltage of main switch, to trigger cutoff device Conducting operation is executed to which corresponding battery component is restored to series connection access state from off state.

16. according to the method for claim 15, it is characterised in that:

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, driving pulse source is stopped the loss of charge for leading to storage capacitor And it is unable to reach the on state threshold voltage of main switch, this stage provides driving pulse by the shunt capacitance being connected in parallel with main switch Source bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated.

17. according to the method for claim 15, it is characterised in that:

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, driving pulse source is stopped the loss of charge for leading to storage capacitor And it is unable to reach the on state threshold voltage of main switch, this stage provides excitation arteries and veins by the open type paralleling switch for entering on state It rushes source and bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated；And

Shutdown control module receive start command again to storage capacitor charge so that its current potential is reached main switch conduction threshold Voltage and when connecting main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor, which also controls, is ended open type paralleling switch.

18. according to the method for claim 15, it is characterised in that:

19. according to the method for claim 15, it is characterised in that:

20. according to the method for claim 15, it is characterised in that:

21. according to the method for claim 15, it is characterised in that:

22. according to the method for claim 15, it is characterised in that:

23. according to the method for claim 22, it is characterised in that:

24. according to the method for claim 22, it is characterised in that:

25. a kind of parallel turning off system for photovoltaic module characterized by comprising

At least one shutdown control module；

Multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string；

Control module is turned off when receiving start command, again to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to notify Multiple cutoff devices execute conducting operation to which corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to series connection access state from off state；

Wherein:

Each cutoff device includes the inductor for being coupled to its output end by power line, one end of inductor and main switch First terminal be connected in one of one group of output end place, the opposite other end of inductor is connected to the anode of a steering diode And the cathode of the steering diode is coupled to the control terminal of main switch；

Inductor is used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

The driving pulse source being sensed via the steering diode to be connected to main switch control terminal and first terminal it Between storage capacitor charging；

26. the parallel turning off system according to claim 25 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

27. the parallel turning off system according to claim 25 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

28. the parallel turning off system according to claim 25 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

29. the parallel turning off system according to claim 25 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

30. the parallel turning off system according to claim 25 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that: