CN109818567A

CN109818567A - Parallel or tandem turning off system for photovoltaic module

Info

Publication number: CN109818567A
Application number: CN201711149174.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永; 胡晓磊
Original assignee: FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-18
Filing date: 2017-11-18
Publication date: 2019-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-18
Also published as: CN109818567B

Abstract

The invention mainly relates to the parallel or tandem turning off system for photovoltaic module.Cutoff device is used to be turned off corresponding photovoltaic module and removes or be used for from battery pack string for corresponding photovoltaic module to be restored to the series connection access state for accessing battery pack string from off state, shutdown control module is when receiving shutdown order, stop being detected by processor to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to stop the processor having to each cutoff device power supply and stopping electric power thus supplied and execute shutdown operation to be turned off the corresponding photovoltaic module of cutoff device；Or shutdown control module is when receiving start command, again to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to restore the processor having to each cutoff device power supply, is detected by processor and restore electricity situation and execute conducting operation to which the corresponding photovoltaic module of cutoff device is restored to series connection access state from off state.

Description

Parallel or tandem turning off system for photovoltaic module

Technical field

Present invention relates generally to solar energy generation technology fields, specifically, are related to concatenated multistage photovoltaic module The system that can be rapidly turned off constitutes shutdown module using the relatively simple topological structure being connected in parallel with battery to reach At lower cost solution, and additionally provide the scheme restarted again after parallel turning off system is turned off.

Background technique

Photovoltaic generating system needs to meet safety standard in power electronic system, thus national governments or associated mechanisms point Corresponding regulation rule has not been put into effect.Based on the considerations of safety standard, American Fire Protection Association modifies National Electrical specification, it is desirable that lives In the photovoltaic generating system of residence: after limiting the grid-connected port disconnection of photovoltaic generating system exchange when emergency occurs, direct current The voltage maximum at end must not exceed 80 volts.The safety standard of Italy is warned: fireman is in the case where building is with voltage It is absolutely not to be allowed to carry out fire-extinguishing operations.Also rate first carries out fire safety standard and also expressly provides for Germany: in photovoltaic It needs to increase additional direct current disconnecting device between inverter and component in electricity generation system.It can be concluded from these regulation rules Primary points for attention of safety factor out: even undesirable fire has occurred in photovoltaic module, sues and labours also only all Photovoltaic module is burned out no longer after crisis personal safety, is just licensed carry out firefighting rescue.

Photovoltaic generating system is higher in the popularization degree of American-European countries, therefore the regulation rule of matched safety utilization of electric power is also therewith More timely extend to the field of photovoltaic power generation.By taking the safety standard NEC2017 in the U.S. as an example, it is desirable that photovoltaic generating system tool Function is rapidly switched off, the voltage highest between photovoltaic array inner conductor and between conductor and the earth must not surpass after shut-off Cross about 80 volts.Photovoltaic plant is in the active measures of reply safety standard: rapidly switching off specially to realize in photovoltaic group The cutoff device of shutdown is played the role of in the output installation of part, pacifies on the battery pack string for providing direct current or on DC bus Order sending device is filled, order sending device is then mainly powered by AC network.Then extremely having when for example facing fire must Come when turning off photovoltaic module rapidly, order sending device is used to refer to cutoff device shutdown.The reply of shutdown photovoltaic module is arranged The further deterioration that can prevent the negative events such as fire is applied, reliability and safety are improved.

Summary of the invention

In a unrestricted optional embodiment of the invention, disclose a kind of for the parallel of photovoltaic module The turning off system and system specifically includes that

At least one shutdown control module；

Multiple cutoff devices and multiple photovoltaic modulies, each photovoltaic module are each equipped with a cutoff device；

Multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string；

Each cutoff device is removed or is used from battery pack string for being turned off corresponding photovoltaic module In the series connection access state that corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to access battery pack string from off state；

Shutdown control module receive shutdown order when, stop to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source with Stop the processor being had to each cutoff device power supply, by processor detect stop electric power thus supplied and execute shutdown operation to The corresponding photovoltaic module of cutoff device is turned off；Or

Turn off control module when receiving start command, again to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source with Restore the processor being had to each cutoff device power supply, by processor detecting restore electricity situation and execute conducting operation to The corresponding photovoltaic module of cutoff device is restored to series connection access state from off state.

The above-mentioned parallel turning off system for photovoltaic module, in which:

Each cutoff device include be connected respectively to photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes one group of input terminal and including with other One group of output end that cutoff device is connected in series is equipped with bypass diode between one group of output end of each cutoff device；

When photovoltaic module is turned off, cutoff device corresponding to the photovoltaic module being turned off is provided by bypass diode One group of output end between conduction path.

Each cutoff device includes the master for being inputted main switch open or closed between end and output end Switch has first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal；

Each cutoff device includes the first coupling transformer for being coupled to its output end by power line, the first coupling The primary side winding of transformer and the first terminal of main switch are connected in one of one group of output end place；

The secondary windings of first coupling transformer is then used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

The driving pulse source being sensed is via a steering diode to being connected to preset reference terminal and first terminal Between storage capacitor charging；

By the current potential of processor detecting storage capacitor, processor detecting stops electric power thus supplied, and then main switch is controlled by processor Turned off or processor detecting restore electricity situation then main switch by processor control connected.

The parallel resistance being connected in parallel with storage capacitor is additionally provided between preset reference terminal and first terminal.

A pair of of the differential concatenation being connected in parallel with storage capacitor is additionally provided between preset reference terminal and first terminal The zener diode of connection.

It is coupled to the first terminal of main switch in the different name end of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer；

The Same Name of Ends of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer is coupled to preset reference terminal by the steering diode；

Same Name of Ends is connected to the anode of the steering diode and preset reference terminal is connected to the cathode of the steering diode.

The Same Name of Ends of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer is coupled in a first node by a first capacitor；

A first diode is connected between the different name end of the secondary windings of first coupling transformer and first node；

The anode of first diode is connected to the different name end of the secondary windings of the first coupling transformer and cathode is connected to first segment Point；

First node is connected to the anode of the steering diode and preset reference terminal is connected to the cathode of the steering diode.

Cutoff device includes the shunt capacitance being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal；

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, is provided and swashed by the shunt capacitance being connected in parallel with main switch It encourages clock and bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated.

Cutoff device includes the open type paralleling switch being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal, normally opened The control terminal of type paralleling switch is connected to preset reference terminal；

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, the open type paralleling switch by entering on state is provided Driving pulse source bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated；And

When processor detects and restores electricity situation and connect main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor is also controlled open type Paralleling switch is ended.

Cutoff device includes for being inputted main switch open or closed between end and output end, which has First terminal, Second terminal and control terminal；

Cutoff device includes the inductor for being coupled to its output end by power line, and the of one end of inductor and main switch One terminal is connected in one of one group of output end place, the opposite other end of inductor be connected to a steering diode anode and The cathode of the steering diode is coupled to preset reference terminal；

Inductor is used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

The driving pulse source being sensed is via the steering diode to being connected to preset reference terminal and first terminal Between storage capacitor charging；

In a unrestricted optional embodiment of the invention, a kind of tandem for photovoltaic module is disclosed The turning off system and system specifically includes that

At least one shutdown control module and at least one cutoff device；

Multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string and they are also cascaded with cutoff device；

Cutoff device is used to execute battery pack string connected in series shutdown operation or executes conducting operation；

Shutdown control module stops to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source when receiving shutdown order to stop The processor power supply having to cutoff device is detected by processor and stops electric power thus supplied and execute shutdown operation to turn off dress Corresponding photovoltaic module is set to be turned off；Or

Control module is turned off when receiving start command, again to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to restore The processor power supply having to cutoff device is detected by processor and restores electricity situation and execute conducting operation to turn off dress It sets corresponding photovoltaic module and is restored to series connection access state from off state.

The above-mentioned tandem turning off system for photovoltaic module, in which:

Cutoff device includes main switch, the first coupling transformer being connected in series by power line and multiple photovoltaic modulies；

The primary side winding of first coupling transformer and the main switch string with first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal Connection；

The secondary windings of first coupling transformer is used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

The driving pulse source being sensed is then via a steering diode to being connected to preset reference terminal and first end Storage capacitor charging between son；

By processor detecting storage capacitor current potential, processor detect stop electric power thus supplied then main switch by processor control System turn off or processor detect restore electricity situation then main switch by processor control connected.

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, is provided and swashed by the shunt capacitance being connected in parallel with main switch Encourage the conduction path that clock is propagated on power line.

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, the open type paralleling switch by entering on state is provided The conduction path that driving pulse source is propagated on power line；And

When processor detects and restores electricity situation and control connection main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor also controls will be normal Open form paralleling switch is ended.

Cutoff device includes main switch, the inductor being connected in series by power line and multiple photovoltaic modulies；

Inductor is connected with the main switch with first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal；

Inductor is used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

By the current potential of processor detecting storage capacitor, processor detecting stops electric power thus supplied, and then main switch is given by processor Shutdown or processor detecting restore electricity, and situation then connected by processor by main switch；

The opposite other end of first terminal and inductor that main switch is coupled in one end of inductor is connected to the steering The anode of diode, and the cathode of the steering diode is coupled to preset reference terminal.

The security level factor of photovoltaic generating system is fully considered, with the photovoltaic of U.S. NEC2017-690.12 standard suggestion For the fund of electricity generation system, it is desirable that have the turn-off capacity of component-level, best security of system is provided.Pass through the application Above-mentioned explanation content, if voltage need rapidly to drop to 30 volts hereinafter, so shutdown control module receiving it is artificial When the external shutdown order of sending, stop sending driving pulse to cutoff device to notify cutoff device by corresponding photovoltaic Component is turned off, and DC bus-bar voltage is approximately equal to zero volt and has higher security of system at this time.Therefore the application The shutdown solution of component-level has component and automatically shuts down ability, can be used for preventing since fire, hot spot or terminal box connect The excessive bring fever of line resistance leads to component and terminal box irreversible breaking.

So-called shutdown order in this application is not only may be used also from the external shutdown order artificially issued in fact To be internal shutdown order, for example turn off control module by sensor detecting to high temperature or open fire or similar failure when, The shutdown order of shutdown control module, which can be, to be triggered and generated by various target faults.In the shutdown energy for meeting component-level Can find how system restores it again after shut-off after power is a new doubt, turns off control module in this application and is receiving When start command, charged whereby to storage capacitor by power line to cutoff device conveying driving pulse (such as square wave), until storage The current potential of energy capacitor reaches the recovery voltage of processor approval, is executed with triggering cutoff device to battery pack string connected in series It is restored to the operation that state is connected in series again from off state, can restore to provide voltage to bus.

Detailed description of the invention

To keep above-mentioned purpose and feature and advantage more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiment is done with reference to the accompanying drawing Detailed explaination, read it is described further below and referring to the following drawings after, feature and advantage of the invention will be evident.

Fig. 1 is photovoltaic module battery pack string in series and the configuration diagram series-parallel by multiple battery packs.

Fig. 2 is the framework for configuring cutoff device for photovoltaic module and being battery pack string configuration shutdown control module.

Fig. 3 is the first embodiment turned on and off in parallel configurations by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Fig. 4 is the second embodiment turned on and off in parallel configurations by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Fig. 5 is the 3rd embodiment turned on and off in parallel configurations by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Fig. 6 is the fourth embodiment turned on and off in parallel configurations by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Fig. 7 is the 5th embodiment turned on and off in parallel configurations by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Fig. 8 is the sixth embodiment turned on and off in parallel configurations by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Fig. 9 is the first embodiment turned on and off in series architecture by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Figure 10 is the second embodiment turned on and off in series architecture by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Figure 11 is the 3rd embodiment turned on and off in series architecture by shutdown control module instruction cutoff device.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with each embodiment, clear and complete elaboration, but described reality are carried out to technical solution of the present invention Applying example only is the present invention with the embodiment used in illustrating is described herein and not all embodiment, based on the embodiments such as this, this field Technical staff scheme obtained belongs to protection scope of the present invention without making creative work.

In field of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell are the core components to generate electricity.Solar panel is in mainstream The direction of technology is divided into single crystal silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell etc., what silion cell was required Service life is up to more than 20 years service life, and it is essential for carrying out persistent monitoring to the output characteristics of battery.Very much Inside and outside factor all can cause the generating efficiency of photovoltaic module low: manufacturing variation or installation between photovoltaic module itself The factors such as difference or shadow occlusion or maximum power tracing collocation degree can all cause transfer efficiency to reduce.For blocking, if After part photovoltaic module is blocked by cloud or the similar situations such as building or the shadow of the trees or dirt, this members will be become by power supply It is no longer produced electricl energy at load, photovoltaic module is higher in the temperature that the serious local location of hot spot effect occurs, and some is even It can cause to burn or blackening, solder joint thawing, encapsulating material aging, glass rupture, corrosion etc. are permanent more than several hundred degrees Celsius It destroys, long-term safety and reliability to photovoltaic module cause hidden danger greatly.Photovoltaic generating system is urgently to be resolved to ask Topic be that can in real time or it is intermittent observation each piece of mounted photovoltaic battery panel working condition, can be to battery Excess temperature, over-voltage, overcurrent and the short-circuit of terminals and the abnormal conditions such as all kinds of failures carry out early warning, this takes the battery being abnormal It is particularly important similar to active safety shutdown or other emergency measures.U.S. National Electrical specification provides all photovoltaics The voltage of electricity generation system need to drop within 10 seconds 30 volts hereinafter, based on realize the function of rapidly switching off must be taken into consideration for The cutoff device of shutdown is played the role of in the output configuration of photovoltaic module.

Referring to Fig. 1, photovoltaic module array is the basis that photovoltaic generating system is converted from luminous energy to electric energy.Illustrate photovoltaic group The battery pack string installed in part array, about battery pack string: each battery pack string is by multiple photovoltaic groups being connected in series with each other Part concatenation is constituted, and photovoltaic module can also be substituted for the DC power supplies such as fuel cell or chemical cell.Multiple and different battery packs Going here and there is the relationship being connected in parallel between them: although each battery pack string is made of and internal multiple multiple photovoltaic modulies Photovoltaic module is concatenated relationship, but multiple and different battery pack strings each other be connection relationship parallel with one another and altogether The energy collection device of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter INVT in the same direction etc provides electric energy.In some battery pack string, the application is with tandem type Multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN for, their own output voltage V_O1-V_ONTotal had into higher electricity after being overlapped mutually The tandem voltage of gesture is supplied to inverter INVT, i.e. busbar voltage V_BUS, it is each that inverter INVT converges concatenated multistage photovoltaic module From output power after carry out the inversion of direct current to alternating current, N is greater than 1 natural number.DC power supply is provided for inverter DC bus LA-LB between be connected with the capacitor C of large capacity_DC, bus capacitor must also undertake inversion in photovoltaic generating system Decoupling between the constant input power of device and the output power of fluctuation.

Referring to fig. 2, every piece of photovoltaic cell or photovoltaic module are each equipped with the dress for executing monitoring and shutdown in certain embodiment It sets namely referred to as cutoff device.In some battery pack string: the electric energy that first order photovoltaic module PV1 is generated is turned off by the first order Device SD1 is come in the entire battery pack string that decides whether to be added to, the electric energy that second level photovoltaic module PV2 is generated is turned off by the second level Device SD2 is come in the entire battery pack string that decides whether to be added to, until the electric energy of N grade of photovoltaic module PVN generations is by N grades Cutoff device SDN come in the entire battery pack string that decides whether to be added to.The main function of cutoff device is explained as follows for example: the Level-one cutoff device SD1 to N grades of cutoff device SDN needs and an other shutdown control module RSD (Rapid Shut-Down communication is established between), this communication mechanism is compatible with current various communication plans such as power line carrier communication Or all kinds of wireless communications etc., shutdown control module RSD are at least needed to be equipped with human-computer interaction function, can also be received from artificial The order of sending.If power station is because fire occurs for a variety of causes, fireman must be first turned off entire electricity generation system and can put out a fire, Otherwise high voltage may jeopardize personal safety.Taking human as active operation shutdown control module RSD as example: shutdown control mould Block RSD is when receiving shutdown order, such as presses the emergency shutdown switch that it is equipped with and can characterize and assigned a kind of shutdown and order, Shutdown control module RSD is based on communication and issues the first instruction namely shutdown instruction to multistage cutoff device SD1-SDN immediately at this time, It can be indicated with logic level signal, for notifying multistage cutoff device SD1-SDN by corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN It is turned off, so that the voltage for the battery pack string output being connected between DC bus LA-LB as desired is immediately Drop to and is approximately equal to zero.

Referring to fig. 2, the application is in optional but nonessential embodiment, it is assumed that the inside of battery pack string is serially connected with the first order Photovoltaic module PV1, second level photovoltaic module PV2, and so on, until N grades of photovoltaic module PVN.It can then learn individually The total tandem voltage being capable of providing on some battery pack string is approximately equal to: the voltage value that first order photovoltaic module PV1 is exported V_O1In addition the voltage V that the photovoltaic module PV2 of the second level is exported_O2, then also need the photovoltaic module PV3 along with the third level The voltage V exported_O3..., and so on, it is added to the voltage value V that N grades of photovoltaic module PVN is exported_ON, total tandem The calculated result of voltage is equal to V_O1+V_O2+…V_ON.It is superimposed on bus LA-LB by the voltage that multistage photovoltaic module exports Tandem voltage is fed to grid-connected again or for local use after the power equipments such as header box or inverter confluence and inversion.Photovoltaic Component PV1-PVN corresponds to cutoff device SD1-SDN, and the concrete scheme of superposition tandem voltage is first order cutoff device SD1, second Grade cutoff device SD2 ... analogize until N grades described cutoff device SDN etc. is connected in series by power line.About shutdown The basic definition of device: cutoff device by corresponding photovoltaic module for being turned off and being removed from battery pack string, Huo Zhe In the application, cutoff device is used to for corresponding photovoltaic module to be restored to the series connection in access battery pack string from off state Enter state.

Referring to fig. 2, be mentioned above when shutdown control module RSD sent out to multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN it is so-called Shutdown instruction, notifies multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN are turned off corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN to carry out safeguards system Voltage transient between DC bus LA-LB can be pulled down to as desired and be approximately equal to zero and then ensure by safety Safety, simultaneously turning off control module RSD at any time will prepare to receive start command.Start command is likely to produce at any time It is raw, for example, fire alarm occurs and cuts off entire battery pack string, subsequent fire alarm is released from, and restarting systems is needed to allow Photovoltaic generating system is again introduced into working condition and provides voltage to bus.

Referring to fig. 2, the control model restarted again after system is turned off is: shutdown control module RSD is being received The opposed enabled instruction of instruction with aforementioned shutdown is sent to notify to turn off to multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN when start command Corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN is restored to series connection access state from off state by device.Known shutdown control module RSD at least needs to be equipped with human-computer interaction function, and start command can be the order artificially issued, presses the shutdown control module What RSD was equipped with starts switch to characterize and has assigned a kind of start command, then turns off control module and need at once to cutoff device SD1-SDN issues the second instruction namely enabled instruction, and utilogic level signal indicates.Turn off control module and cutoff device it Between data or command communication can be power line carrier and be also possible to wirelessly communicate, the even driving pulse that proposes of the application As means of communication.Cutoff device SD1-SDN is connected to the corresponding photovoltaic module of each after enabled instruction from off state It is restored to series connection access state, the voltage of the battery pack string output between DC bus LA-LB is extensive immediately as desired Multiple to provide tandem voltage to bus, the voltage level of tandem voltage is very high and generally can be up to even thousands of to several hectovolts Volt.Compared with Fig. 1 does not take any shutdown measure, the embodiment of Fig. 2, which has, to be rapidly switched off function and meets peace Full specification, meets the user demand of component-level high-reliability shutdown.

It referring to Fig. 3, is observed in the entire link that multistage cutoff device SD1-SDN is connected in series: any previous stage shutdown The second output terminal of device is coupled to the first output end of neighboring later stage cutoff device, to meet: in some battery pack string Total tandem voltage that maximum is capable of providing is equal to the final of the multistage respective output voltage of cutoff device SD1-SDN in it and folds It is value added.Specific relationship: the second output terminal O2 of first order cutoff device SD1 is coupled to neighboring later stage namely second level shutdown The first output end O1 of device SD2, the second output terminal O2 of second level cutoff device SD2 are coupled to neighboring later stage namely third The first output end O1 of grade cutoff device SD3, until there are also the second output terminal NO2 of N-1 grades of cutoff device to be coupled to it Rear stage cutoff device SDN the first output end O1.The voltage that multistage cutoff device respectively exports is equivalent to multistage photovoltaic group The tandem voltage that part is superimposed is fed to energy collection device.In addition we can also be observed that first order cutoff device The first output end O1 of SD1 is coupled on bus LA, and has also been found that N grades last of the cutoff device SDN at end Second output terminal O2 be coupled on bus LB.

Referring to Fig. 3, cutoff device for corresponding photovoltaic module turn off and from battery pack string removal or For corresponding photovoltaic module to be restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string from off state.Some any pass Second input terminal of anode and cutoff device that the first input end of disconnected device is coupled to corresponding photovoltaic module is then coupled to pair Answer the cathode of photovoltaic module.For example: the first input end N1 of cutoff device SD1 is coupled to anode and the pass of photovoltaic module PV1 The second input terminal N2 of disconnected device SD1 is then coupled to the cathode of photovoltaic module PV1.In another more representational example In: the first input end N1 of cutoff device SDN is coupled to the positive and described cutoff device SDN of corresponding photovoltaic module PVN The second input terminal N2 be then coupled to the cathode of photovoltaic module PVN.It include that setting exists in this field, some any cutoff device Switch element between first input end N1 and the first output end O1 can also include to be arranged in the second input terminal N2 and second Switch element between output end O2, if cutoff device needs to be turned off corresponding photovoltaic module and from battery pack Removed in string, if control switch element close, if instead cutoff device need by corresponding photovoltaic module from Off state is restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string, as long as control switch element switches.Certainly in photovoltaic Power field, for so-called photovoltaic module cutoff device there are also other variants of plurality of optional, but basic function It is exactly: photovoltaic module is turned off or connected.In addition it is defeated to be then coupled in first with by-pass switch diode provisioned in cutoff device Between outlet NO1 and second output terminal NO2.Notice that bypass diode anode, which is arranged, is connected to second output terminal NO2, bypass diode DP cathode is connected to the first output end NO1, to be restored to series connection access shape by corresponding cutoff device control in photovoltaic module The cut-off that bypass diode is reversed when state, photovoltaic module bypass two when being switched to by corresponding cutoff device and be turned off state Pole pipe can be positive conducting.

Referring to Fig. 3, the working mechanism of cutoff device substantially be can be described as: the switch element between input terminal and output end Mean that corresponding photovoltaic module is executed conducting operation by cutoff device if conducting, is equivalent to photovoltaic module and is linked into electricity The voltage segment of oneself, the cut-off that bypass diode is reversed at this time are contributed in the group string of pond and to tandem voltage.It is corresponding If the switch element between input terminal and output end turns off, mean that corresponding photovoltaic module is executed shutdown by cutoff device Operation so that the voltage segment namely photovoltaic module that photovoltaic module can not contribute oneself to tandem voltage again from battery pack string Then at this time by positive conducting, actual meaning is bypass diode for middle removal: providing the light being turned off by bypass diode Lie prostrate the conduction path between two output ends of cutoff device corresponding to component.

Referring to Fig. 3, as the term suggests knowing that parallel turning off system implies cutoff device and corresponding photovoltaic module is simultaneously Join the relationship of connection.Cutoff device SD1-SDN and photovoltaic module PV1-PVN are connected in parallel in a manner of one-to-one, to be arranged Each photovoltaic module is each equipped with a cutoff device.Whether whether cutoff device SD1-SDN execute shutdown operation or execute Conducting operation by shutdown control module RSD control, and turn off control module RSD then by the control of artificial will or by The control of preset condition, preset condition be, for example, high temperature, high pressure, overcurrent, open fire or extreme cold weather etc. generation or Releasing can trigger shutdown control module RSD and assign shutdown or turn-on command, and multistage photovoltaic component string connection connects into battery pack String.Cutoff device by corresponding photovoltaic module for being turned off and removing or be used for from battery pack string to be corresponding to it Photovoltaic module from off state be restored to access battery pack string series connection access state.Typically for example cutoff device SDN is used It is removed from battery pack string or cutoff device SDN in corresponding photovoltaic module PVN is turned off then photovoltaic module PVN For corresponding photovoltaic module PVN to be restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string from off state.Shutdown control When molding block RSD receives shutdown order, emergency shutdown switch/audio-switch/pass of shutdown control module outfit is for example activated The shutdown switch i.e. characterization of disconnected button/touch screen formula assigns shutdown order, and shutdown control module has human-computer interaction function.Shutdown Control module RSD adopts following scheme to the mode of the instruction for assigning so-called shutdown of the cutoff device SDN as example: shutdown control Molding block RSD control cutoff device SDN be in normally state and ensure battery component PVN can be to tandem voltage contributions When voltage part, needs continual or at least intermittent or periodically send excitation to cutoff device SDN Clock PUS, photovoltaic module PVN at this time because the cutoff device SDN be conducting and be directly connected on bus LA-LB it Between, so it can contribute the voltage segment of itself to bus.It is opposed, it is closed if shutdown control module RSD attempts to control Disconnected device SDN is in an off state and makes battery component PVN from when removal between DC bus LA-LB, it is necessary to stop to pass Disconnected device SDN sends so-called driving pulse source PUS, has no doubt, and photovoltaic module PVN is because cutoff device SDN is off shape State and directly by from being removed between DC bus LA-LB, voltage segment can not be contributed to bus again.Generally think to turn off control Module is to the mode of the cutoff device SDN instruction for assigning shutdown: if stopping the excitation to cutoff device SDN transport cycle Clock PUS can then indicate that cutoff device SDN needs to execute battery component PVN shutdown operation.The application Notable Although using cutoff device SDN as example, remaining other cutoff devices SD1-SD in cutoff device SD1-SDN (N-1) electric characteristic and cutoff device SDN has no the difference of essence.

Referring to Fig. 3, cutoff device SDN includes main switch M and the first coupling transformer T₁It and further include being connected respectively to The two input terminal N1-N2 and cutoff device SDN of photovoltaic module PVN positive and negative anodes further include and other remaining cutoff devices Its two output ends can provide photovoltaic module PVN when two output end O1-O2 being connected in series, cutoff device SDN are connected Output power and output voltage.It is additionally provided with bypass diode DP between two output end O1-O2 of cutoff device SDN, The corresponding shutdown of photovoltaic module PVN being turned off is provided by bypass diode DP when photovoltaic module PVN is turned off device SDN shutdown Conduction path between two output end O1-O2 of device SDN.Assuming that the main switch M of the cutoff device SDN has first end Son and Second terminal and control terminal, first terminal is connected to the second output terminal O2 of cutoff device and Second terminal is connected to the Two input terminal N2, then main switch be alternatively connected between the second input terminal and second output terminal be Fig. 3 use embodiment.Can In the scheme of substitution, the first terminal of main switch M can also be connected to the first output end O1 and Second terminal of cutoff device Be connected to first input end N1, namely in the scheme of substitution main switch be alternatively connected to first input end and the first output end it Between.Main switch is used for will be open or closed between input terminal and output end, and it is defeated for example to can control first input end N1 and first Between outlet O1 it is open or closed also for example can control it is open or closed between the second input terminal N2 and second output terminal O2: it is main Switch disconnects then corresponding photovoltaic module and removes from battery pack string, and main switch is connected then corresponding photovoltaic module recovery and is linked into In battery pack string.

Referring to Fig. 3, cutoff device SDN includes be coupled to second output terminal O2 by power line described in the embodiment One coupling transformer T₁, specific connection relationship is: the first coupling transformer T₁Primary side winding L1 and the main switch first Terminal is connected at one of two output end O1-O2 namely second output terminal O2.Specifically primary side winding L1 herein It is to be connected between the second output terminal O2 of cutoff device SDN and bus LB.The main switch M in the optional embodiment of Fig. 3 Second terminal be directly connected to so-called first input end in the second input terminal N2 and the topological structure of cutoff device SDN N1 and the first output end O1 are directly coupled together.

Referring to Fig. 3, based in the alternative solution that Fig. 3 makes amendment but does not show: cutoff device SDN includes passing through Power line is coupled to the first coupling transformer T of for example the first output end O1₁, in the embodiment not shown quite In us by the first coupling transformer T₁Primary side winding L1 move directly to adjacent previous stage cutoff device SD (N- 1) between the first output end O1 of second output terminal O2 and rear stage cutoff device SDN.This scheme also has modified main switch M's Position: main switch is connected to from being moved between the second output terminal O2 for being connected to cutoff device and the second input terminal N2 before Between the first output end O1 and first input end N1 of cutoff device, the first terminal for setting main switch is connected to the of cutoff device One output end O1 and Second terminal is connected to first input end N1.Due to the first coupling transformer T in alternative solution₁Primary side winding It is moved between the first output end O1 of the second output terminal O2 and cutoff device SDN of cutoff device SD (N-1), then in the substitution In embodiment: the first coupling transformer T₁The first terminal of primary side winding and main switch is connected in two output end O1-O2 At another one i.e. the first output end O1.It is compared with the embodiment of Fig. 3, the embodiment of this substitution assumes that primary side winding L1 connection Between the first output end of cutoff device SDN and the second output terminal of cutoff device SD (N-1).Therefore in alternate figures 3 can Select in embodiment: the Second terminal that main switch can be set in we is directly connected to first input end N1, and in cutoff device So-called second input terminal N2 can also be set in SDN and second output terminal O2 is directly coupled together.Amendment is made based on Fig. 3 Alternative solution be that there are two selections for evidence: main switch selects to be connected between the second input terminal and second output terminal, then first The primary side winding of coupling transformer and the first terminal of main switch are connected in second output terminal namely Fig. 3 in two output ends； Main switch is alternatively connected between first input end and the first output end, then the primary side winding and main switch of the first coupling transformer First terminal be connected in the first output end in two output ends, the latter is the amendment made based on Fig. 3.

Referring to Fig. 3, know that main switch M is alternatively connected to before being exactly between the second input terminal and second output terminal in summary The embodiment for Fig. 3 that text is explained.In alternative scheme, the first terminal of main switch M can also be connected to cutoff device The first output end O1 and Second terminal be connected to first input end N1, namely in the scheme of alternate figures 3 main switch selection connect It connects between first input end and the first output end.All in all: main switch be used for the separated of input terminal and output end or It connects, for example can control open or closed between first input end N1 and the first output end O1, also for example can control second It is open or closed between input terminal N2 and second output terminal O2.Main switch disconnects then corresponding photovoltaic module and moves from battery pack string It removes, main switch is connected then corresponding photovoltaic module recovery and is linked into battery pack string.

Referring to Fig. 3, the first coupling transformer T₁Secondary windings L2 be then used to incude or extract load in power line Driving pulse source PUS, the driving pulse source PUS being sensed is via a steering diode D2 to being connected to preset reference end Storage capacitor C1 charging between sub- NRF and first terminal, processor 80 are detected restoring electricity for storage capacitor C1 and situation and are held Then by the control of processor 80 connection, otherwise main switch M is turned off main switch M for row conducting operation.The program is suitable for the embodiment party of Fig. 3 Formula is also applied for the alternate embodiment not shown in Fig. 3, and difference is time of so-called first coupling transformer in Fig. 3 One end such as first terminal of different name end and main switch of grade winding L2 is coupled to the described second output terminal O2, and Fig. 3 is not shown In alternate embodiment out, the first terminal at one end of the secondary windings L2 of the first coupling transformer such as different name end and main switch Then it is coupled to the first output end O1, the position for the main switch that the difference of the two is mainly recorded above is different, and Fig. 3 is by main switch It is arranged between the second input terminal N2 and second output terminal O2, and is then that main switch is displaced to setting the in alternate embodiment Between one input terminal N1 and the first output end O1, but the function of the two is identical.Here so-called power line or concatenation line in fact It may be considered the extension of bus.Main switch can be Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor MOSFET or insulation Grid bipolar transistor IGBT etc..Main switch belongs to the electronic switch of three port types, Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor Comprising grid and source electrode and drain electrode, insulated gate bipolar transistor then includes grid and collector and emitter.Field-effect is brilliant The control terminal of Second terminal of the body pipe with such as drain D and the first terminal with such as source S and such as grid G, insulated gate are double First terminal of the gated transistors with such as Second terminal of collector C and with such as emitter E and the control terminal such as grid G. The characteristic of common field effect transistor be apply when reaching the voltage value of on state threshold voltage between gate and source just by It opens, the characteristic of common insulated gate bipolar transistor is to apply the electricity for reaching on state threshold voltage between grid and emitter It is just turned on when pressure value.Power semiconductor switch has: Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, bipolar transistor Pipe, thyristor, gate turn off thyristor, integrated gate commutated thyristor, cutoff thyristor and emitter turn-off thyristor, absolutely Edge grid bipolar transistor.

Referring to Fig. 3, the first coupling transformer T₁Primary side winding L1 with there is first terminal and Second terminal and control terminal The main switch M of son is connected in second output terminal O2.The driving signal that signal, that is, processor 80 of the control terminal of main switch M exports It determines it is also being off for conducting between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal, coupling can be replaced with mutual inductor and become Depressor.First coupling transformer is because with coupling effect its secondary windings L2 is for extracting or incuding shutdown control mould Block RSD is loaded into the driving pulse source PUS on power line, and driving pulse source PUS can be the voltage of pulsation and with square wave arteries and veins Rush most commonly seen and frequency of use highest.Driving pulse source PUS can be incuded and captured in order to meet secondary windings L2, if the One coupling transformer T₁The different name end of secondary windings L2 be coupled at the first terminal of main switch M namely at common node NCO and Think that common node NCO has ground reference GR.The Same Name of Ends that the first coupling transformer secondary windings L2 is arranged passes through a control It is coupled to preset reference terminal NRF to diode D2.Specific first coupling transformer T₁Secondary windings L2 Same Name of Ends It is coupled in first node N1 by first capacitor CC, which is connected to first node N1 and preset reference terminal Between NRF, and the anode tap of steering diode D2 be connected to the first node N1 and cathode terminal be then connected to it is preset At reference terminal NRF.

Referring to Fig. 3, in addition to this we are also in the first coupling transformer T₁The different name end of secondary windings L2 and mentioned above The first node N1 between be in addition also connected with independent first diode D1, pay attention to first diode D1 have with reference to ground The anode of current potential GR is connected to the first coupling transformer T₁The different name end of secondary windings L2, and we also set up the one or two pole The cathode of pipe D1 is connected at first node N1.The driving pulse sensed in other words is captured from power line by secondary windings L2 Source PUS is filled by steering diode D2 to the storage capacitor C1 being connected between preset reference terminal NRF and first terminal Electricity is charged by pumping signal to the storage capacitor C1 being set between grid G and common node NCO, the steering two It is that storage capacitor charges that pole pipe, which allows the pulse incuded unidirectionally,.In an alternate embodiment of the invention preset reference terminal NRF and The parallel resistance R1 in parallel with storage capacitor is additionally provided between first terminal/common node NCO.The driving pulse source sensed PUS charges to storage capacitor C1, and what the current potential of storage capacitor C1 reached that processor 80 detects restores electricity, and main switch M is given To connect, otherwise when the current potential of storage capacitor C1 be not up to that processor 80 detects restore electricity situation when then main switch M quilt Shutdown.Equivalent physical model according to Semiconductor Physics theory solar components includes the diode factor, equivalent string Join resistance and equivalent parallel resistance etc., photovoltaic module is under the influence of different intensities of illumination and different temperature environments, output Impedance operator has biggish difference.The transmission path of driving pulse is transmitted via the internal resistance of each photovoltaic module, light In the case that with external environment larger offset occurs for the impedance of volt component, transmission path of the driving pulse in multistage photovoltaic module On recession level it is almost unpredictable.In fuzzy signal processing, using the group of first capacitor CC and first diode D1 Close, at least in some embodiments can by the certain amplitude of lifting of the current potential globality of driving pulse source PUS to avoid Excessive attenuation.

Referring to fig. 4, the first terminal of main switch M and the first coupling transformer T in cutoff device SDN₁So-called primary side around Group L1 is connected at second output terminal O2, and opposite Fig. 3 saves first capacitor CC and first diode D1.In so-called cutoff device First coupling transformer T is set in SDN₁Primary side winding L1 and the first terminal of main switch M be connected at second output terminal O2 And the Second terminal of main switch M is connected at the second input terminal N2.Wherein it is worth noting that the first coupling transformer T₁ Secondary windings L2 is used to extract the driving pulse source PUS loaded on power line, as the coupling of signal, by secondary windings The driving pulse source PUS signal that L2 is sensed or captured is then preset to being connected to via steering diode D2 above Storage capacitor C1 charging between reference terminal NRF and first terminal such as source electrode S.Common node NCO and first end Son is coupled.It is additionally provided between preset reference terminal NRF and common node NCO/ first terminal and storage capacitor C1 Parallel resistance R1 in parallel.The anode tap of steering diode D2 is directly connected to secondary windings L2's in an alternate embodiment of the invention Same Name of Ends and cathode terminal is then connected at preset reference terminal NRF.In an alternate embodiment of the invention preset reference terminal NRF with The pressure stabilizing two connecting with a pair of of differential concatenation that storage capacitor C1 is connected in parallel is additionally provided between first terminal or common node Pole pipe Z1-Z2.The zener diode Z1-Z2 of differential concatenation connection refers to: the anode interconnection of zener diode Z1 and Z2, pressure stabilizing two Pole pipe Z1 cathode is connected at first terminal or common node NCO, and the cathode of zener diode Z2 is connected to preset reference terminal So that zener diode and storage capacitor C1 that this pair is connected in series are connected in parallel at NRF, this embodiment is paid attention to It also can equally be well applied in the embodiment of Fig. 3.The zener diode of back-to-back differential concatenation connection is opened for clamping down on master Pressure drop between the control terminal and first terminal of pass avoids damage power switch.

Referring to Fig. 5, turn off control module RSD to cutoff device SDN in other words on power line transport cycle excitation There are many modes by clock PUS.In this embodiment: driving pulse source PUS is controlled in the form of high low logic level by shutdown Pulse signal producer that module RSD has generates, and can be AC signal.Second coupling transformer T in the embodiment₂? There are primary side winding and secondary windings and its primary side winding is connected on power line, primary side winding and serial cutoff device SN1- SDN is connected in series together by power line.Furthermore second coupling transformer T is set₂Secondary windings and coupled capacitor OC The two is connected on another with reference between ground GG and the output end of driver DR, and reference ground GG described here is denoted as second with reference to ground Current potential is avoided confusion with distinguishing with the ground reference GR for being denoted as the first ground reference above, and the potential of the two can With difference.The working mechanism of shutdown control module RSD is: the driver DR by the driving pulse source PUS of generation by outfit It is exported, final driving pulse source PUS passes through the second coupling transformer T₂Primary side winding and secondary windings coupling And be transmitted or be loaded on power line, so-called driving pulse source PUS is square wave or other similar fluctuating signals here.This Any scheme that periodical or intermittent pulse signal is loaded or traveled on power line in field can be with alternate figures 5 Embodiment.

Referring to Fig. 6, turns off control module RSD and attempt to control cutoff device SDN and be in normal on state and must then hold Continuous or intermittent transmission driving pulse source PUS, it is from cutoff device SDN excitation induced clock PUS and electric to the energy storage of itself Capacity charge can maintain the conducting of cutoff device SD, namely meet the current potential of storage capacitor C1 and reach the processor 80 and detect To the condition for the situation that restores electricity.If shutdown control module RSD no longer it is expected cutoff device be in normal on state and Be off, an emergency situation is encountered shutdown control module RSD receive shutdown order when can will originally it is continual or intermittent Or the driving pulse source PUS periodically sent to cutoff device SDN stops, storage capacitor C1 understands power down and locates in such cases The case where reason device 80 then can detect stopping power supply because of the charge condition of monitoring storage capacitor C1.Turn off control module RSD The mode for assigning the instruction of shutdown to cutoff device is: stopping the driving pulse source to cutoff device transport cycle, because based on Dynamic stopping is to each cutoff device SD1-SDN transport cycle driving pulse source PUS so can stop filling to each shutdown It sets the processor 80 having to power, is detected by processor 80 and stop electric power thus supplied and execute shutdown operation, thus by cutoff device Corresponding photovoltaic module is turned off, and cutoff device SDN can for example be notified to execute corresponding photovoltaic module PVN Shutdown operation.

Referring to Fig. 6, if attempting to have no obstacle again after cutoff device SDN is turned off under the instruction of the instruction of shutdown The method of restarting systems needs individually designed.Wait start command shutdown control module RSD receive start command it The preceding shutdown control module RSD enters the cutoff device institute of shutdown mode since control cutoff device SDN enters shutdown mode Corresponding photovoltaic module can not be linked between DC bus and to DC bus powered.Although main switch, which is disconnected, to break Bus is opened to ensure safety but while cause very negative drawback --- the driving pulse source that shutdown control module RSD is issued PUS can not be propagated smoothly in closed loop again, which refers to main switch and a series of battery by series connections The loop between bus LA-LB that component PV1-PVN is constituted.The unique design of the method for system restarting is: Cutoff device SDN is restored to the behaviour that state is connected in series again from off state for executing to battery pack string connected in series Make, namely shutdown control module RSD, when receiving start command, the physical start-up that for example triggering shutdown control module is equipped with is opened Pass/touch screen switch/audio-switch etc. characterizes and has assigned start command, conveys again by power line to cutoff device SDN Periodic excitation clock PUS executes conducting connection again to notify cutoff device SDN to corresponding photovoltaic module Operation is equivalent to this stage shutdown control module RSD and issues enabled instruction to cutoff device again at once.Above by discussion , main switch M, which is disconnected, causes the periodic excitation clock PUS conveyed again by power line to cutoff device that can not pass through The main switch M of disconnection forms closure propagation path, and in other words secondary windings can not sense pulse, can directly contribute cutoff device SDN executes the operating difficulties being connected in series again.The application solves the means that driving pulse source PUS is propagated in the closed are as follows: closes Disconnected device SDN is configured with the parallel connection between being connected to the first terminal of for example source electrode of main switch M and the Second terminal that for example drains After capacitor CP, cutoff device SDN execute shutdown operation and close main switch M, the shunt capacitance CP being connected in parallel with main switch M is mentioned The conduction path propagated on power line for driving pulse source PUS.Shutdown control module RSD receive start command it Afterwards, shutdown control module indicates cutoff device SDN by corresponding photovoltaic module PVN from being by the driving pulse source PUS issued The off state of system off-phases is restored to series connection access state, contains the power generation of the photovoltaic module PV1-PVN of battery pack string System is restarted rapidly, and DC bus LA-LB voltage quickly rises to be equal to V_O1+V_O2+…V_ON.Integral Thought is to pass through Shunt capacitance CP ensure main switch M shutdown when driving pulse source PUS can propagate, by driving pulse source PUS to energy storage electricity Capacity charge and reclose main switch M, the current potential for meeting storage capacitor, which reaches processor 80, can detect the feelings that restore electricity Condition, so cutoff device can execute the operation being connected in series again to battery pack string connected in series.Turn off control module When receiving start command, again to each transport cycle driving pulse source cutoff device SD1-SDN to restore to each pass The processor 80 that disconnected device SD1-SDN has is powered, and is monitored the charge capacity of storage capacitor by processor 80 and is realized that detecting is extensive Multiple electric power thus supplied, detects detecting and restores electricity and be carried out conducting operation, by corresponding photovoltaic module such as cutoff device SDN PVN is restored to series connection access state from off state.

Referring to Fig. 7, previously mentioned cutoff device SDN attempts restarting system after being turned off under the instruction of the instruction of shutdown The puzzlement of system is: the driving pulse source PUS that shutdown control module RSD is issued can not smoothly propagate in closed loop again and And main cause is caused by main switch is disconnected.As the embodiment of alternate figures 6, solve what driving pulse source was propagated in the closed Alternative means is: it is in parallel that cutoff device SDN is configured with the open type being connected between the first terminal and Second terminal of main switch M Switch MP.Open type (Normally-ON) paralleling switch MP in a normal state if the conducting for going to control it not actively or Then its default is in an ON state to off state.The adoptable type of device of open type paralleling switch MP is for example junction type Field effect transistor JFET, the drain electrode of part junction field effect transistor and source electrode are considered separately as first terminal and Second terminal And they can be interchanged.The control terminal G of open type paralleling switch MP is connected to preset reference terminal NRF, and open type is simultaneously The first terminal and Second terminal that join switch MP are connected respectively the first terminal and Second terminal of main switch.Cutoff device After SDN executes shutdown operation and closes main switch M, open type paralleling switch enters the on-state of default.If opposite energy storage Capacitor is electrically charged and leads to have potential difference between the first terminal or Second terminal and grid control terminal of open type paralleling switch, then Open type paralleling switch enters off state.After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch M, in the application by entering The open type paralleling switch MP of on state provides the driving pulse source PUS conduction path propagated on power line.Shutdown Control module RSD is in normally state in control cutoff device, such as ensures that cutoff device SDN maintains to go here and there with battery pack string When connection, needs continual or at least intermittent or periodically send driving pulse source to cutoff device SDN PUS, storage capacitor C1 are because the charging of pulse signal makes what its current potential reached that processor 80 approves to restore electricity voltage and connect When main switch M, to avoid the interference between main switch and open type paralleling switch, the current potential that storage capacitor C1 is electrically charged is also served as Pinch-off voltage and can control and ended the open type paralleling switch MP of the classifications such as junction field effect transistor.Integral Thought Be by open type paralleling switch ensure main switch M shutdown when driving pulse source PUS can propagate, by driving pulse source PUS to Storage capacitor charges to promote main switch to be switched on again, and the current potential for meeting storage capacitor reaches the conduction threshold electricity of main switch Pressure, so cutoff device can execute the operation being connected in series again to battery pack string connected in series.Only it is certain can It should be noted that the instruction of shutdown leads to storage capacitor gradually power down, in storage capacitor in choosing but nonessential embodiment Power down during restoring electricity voltage and turning off main switch M in advance for the approval of processor 80 be unable to reach due to current potential, at this time Because the charge of storage capacitor also not to zero and by open type paralleling switch MP clamp down on shutdown area, until storage capacitor power down The on-state for terminating the gate-source voltage that can not influence open type paralleling switch MP again and paralleling switch being made to enter default.

Referring to Fig. 8, by the above especially parallel shutdown for photovoltaic module that refers to of the embodiment of Fig. 2-7 System is transformed, comprising: the photovoltaic group of shutdown control module RSD and multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN and multiple series connections Part PV1-PVN, each photovoltaic module are each equipped with a cutoff device, and multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string. Cutoff device for corresponding photovoltaic module turn off and from battery pack string removal or cutoff device be used for by with Corresponding photovoltaic module from off state be restored to access battery pack string series connection access state.It closes in an alternate embodiment of the invention Disconnected control module RSD stops when receiving shutdown order to each cutoff device SD1-SDN transport cycle driving pulse source PUS is to notify multiple cutoff device SD1-SDN to execute shutdown operation to give respectively corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN Shutdown.Or it when turning off control module RSD when receiving start command, will continue to defeated to each cutoff device SD1-SDN again Periodic excitation clock PUS is sent to notify multiple cutoff devices to execute conducting operation thus by corresponding photovoltaic module PV1-PVN is restored to series connection access state from off state.

Referring to Fig. 8, by the above especially parallel shutdown for photovoltaic module that refers to of the embodiment of Fig. 2-7 System is transformed, and for example SDN includes open or closed between end and output end for being inputted to each cutoff device Main switch M, main switch M have first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal.If main switch M is connected in first input end Can be used for when between N1 and the first output end O1 will be open or closed between its first input end N1 and the first output end O1, if Main switch M can be used for when being connected between the second input terminal N2 and second output terminal O2 by its second input terminal and second output terminal it Separated or connection.For example second output terminal O2 or first is defeated including being coupled to its output end by power line by cutoff device SDN The inductor LS of outlet O1.Coupling element T₃It can replace the first coupling transformer above and coupling element mainly includes electricity Sensor LS.One end of inductor LS and the first terminal of main switch M are connected at the second output terminal O2 in two output ends, or One end of person's inductor LS and the first terminal of main switch M are connected at the first output end O1 in two output ends.Inductor The cathode of anode and steering diode D2 that the other end of LS is then connected to a steering diode D2 is coupled to preset ginseng Examine terminal NRF.Inductor LS is used to extract the driving pulse source PUS loaded on power line, the driving pulse source being sensed PUS charges via steering diode D2 to the storage capacitor C1 being connected between preset reference terminal NRF and first terminal. The current potential situation of storage capacitor is detected by processor 80, processor 80, which detects, stops the i.e. capacitor power down of electric power thus supplied, main switch M The situation i.e. capacitor charging that restores electricity is detected by processor control shutdown or processor 80, and then main switch is controlled by processor It connects.

Referring to Fig. 8, by the above especially parallel shutdown for photovoltaic module that refers to of the embodiment of Fig. 2-7 System is transformed: cutoff device SDN include be respectively coupled to photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes two input terminal N1-N2 and including with its Two poles of bypass are equipped between his cutoff device concatenated two output end O1-O2, two output end O1-O2 of cutoff device SDN Pipe DP provides cutoff device corresponding to the photovoltaic module being turned off as bypass diode DP when photovoltaic module PVN is turned off Conduction path between two output end O1-O2 of SDN.The control terminal and first terminal of main switch in an alternate embodiment of the invention Between be additionally provided with the parallel resistance R1 being connected in parallel with storage capacitor C1.The control terminal of main switch in an alternate embodiment of the invention The zener diode Z1-Z2 connecting with the storage capacitor C1 differential concatenation being connected in parallel is additionally provided between first terminal.? Cutoff device SDN includes the shunt capacitance being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal in optional embodiment CP, in combination with Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, after cutoff device SDN executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, by what is be connected in parallel with main switch M Shunt capacitance CP provides driving pulse source and bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated.Cutoff device in an alternate embodiment of the invention SDN further includes the open type paralleling switch MP being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal, in combination with Fig. 7 and figure 8, the control terminal of open type paralleling switch MP is connected to preset reference terminal NRF, after cutoff device M executes shutdown operation, Open type paralleling switch MP by entering on state provides driving pulse source PUS and leads to around the conducting that main switch is propagated Road；And reach when restoring electricity situation and connecting main switch of the detecting of processor 80, storage capacitor in the current potential of storage capacitor The current potential of C1, which also controls, is ended open type paralleling switch MP.Notice that each embodiment in Fig. 2-7 has and retouches All technical characteristics stated are also applied in the embodiment of Fig. 8 record.Coupling element T₃Instead of the first coupling above The transformer then position of the inductor LS instead of the primary side winding of the first coupling transformer.Inductor LS can be arranged Between the second output terminal of previous stage cutoff device and the first output end of neighboring later stage cutoff device or inductor LS It can be with cloth setting between the first output end and bus LA of the cutoff device of the first first order or even inductor LS can be arranged Between the second output terminal and bus LB of the cutoff device of the afterbody at end.

Referring to Fig. 9, observed in the entire battery pack string that multistage photovoltaic module PV1-PVN is connected in series: any previous stage The negative terminal of photovoltaic module is coupled to the positive terminal of neighboring later stage photovoltaic module, to meet: in some battery pack string Total tandem voltage that maximum is capable of providing is equal to the final of the multistage respective output voltage of photovoltaic module PV1-PVN in it and folds It is value added.Specific relationship are as follows: the cathode output end Q2 of first order photovoltaic module PV1 is coupled to neighboring later stage namely second level light Component PV2 cathode output end Q1 is lied prostrate, the cathode output end Q2 of second level photovoltaic module PV2 is coupled to neighboring later stage namely third The cathode output end Q1 of grade photovoltaic module PV3, until there are also the cathode output end Q2 of N-1 grades of photovoltaic module to be coupled to its The cathode output end Q1 of rear stage photovoltaic module PVN.String to be obtained by the voltage superposition that multistage photovoltaic module respectively exports Step voltage is fed to energy collection device.It can also be observed that the cathode output end Q1 of first order photovoltaic module is coupled to bus On LA, and it also found that the cathode output end Q2 of N grades last of the photovoltaic module at end is coupled on bus LB.Fig. 9's Embodiment and Fig. 2 are slightly different: each correspondence in Fig. 2 in multistage photovoltaic module is assigned a cutoff device, but It is that a cutoff device is shared in Fig. 9.The independent cutoff device SD being separated in Fig. 9 is much lower compared to Fig. 2 cost, shutdown The position of device SD is any: can be arranged in the cathode output end Q2 and bus LB of N grades last of the photovoltaic module at end Between, it can also also be arranged between the cathode output end Q1 and bus LA of the first first order photovoltaic module PV1, it can be with cloth It sets between the cathode output end of any previous stage photovoltaic module and the cathode output end of neighboring later stage photovoltaic module.Total original Be then: multistage photovoltaic component string connection connects into battery pack string and multistage photovoltaic module is also cascaded with cutoff device SD.

Referring to Fig. 9, as the term suggests it can be seen that tandem turning off system implies cutoff device SD and multistage photovoltaic module is The relationship of series connection, comprising: shutdown control module RSD and cutoff device SD, photovoltaic module PV1-PVN are serially connected in battery Group is gone here and there and they are also cascaded with cutoff device SD, and cutoff device SD is executed for the battery pack string to series connection with it Shutdown operation.Shutdown control module RSD is when receiving shutdown order, such as presses the emergency shutdown of shutdown control module outfit Switch/shutdown button/touch screen formula shutdown switch, which can characterize, has assigned shutdown order, and shutdown control module RSD has people Machine interactive function.Shutdown control module RSD adopts following scheme to the mode of the cutoff device SD instruction for assigning so-called shutdown: closing The control module RSD that breaks is in normally state in control cutoff device SD and ensures cutoff device SD with battery pack string to maintain When series connection, needs continual or at least intermittent or periodically send driving pulse to cutoff device SD Source PUS, the battery pack string containing photovoltaic module PV1-PVN itself is directly connected because cutoff device SD is conducting at this time Between bus LA-LB, so it can contribute higher voltage level to bus；It is opposed, if shutdown control module RSD is in an off state in control cutoff device SD and makes battery pack string come from when removal between DC bus LA-LB, must Must stop sending so-called driving pulse source PUS to cutoff device SD, the battery pack string containing photovoltaic module PV1-PVN itself because For state that cutoff device SD is off directly by from removing between bus LA-LB, namely electric energy can not be contributed to bus again. Substantially it is considered that shutdown control module is to the mode of the cutoff device SD instruction for assigning shutdown: stopping defeated to cutoff device SD It send periodic driving pulse source PUS and executes shutdown operation to notify cutoff device SD to battery pack string connected in series.

Referring to Fig. 9, the first coupling transformer T₁Primary side winding L1 with there is first terminal and Second terminal and control terminal The main switch M series connection of son, between the signal deciding of the control terminal of the main switch M first terminal and Second terminal of main switch M It is also being off for conducting, the driving signal that processor 80 exports is to be coupled to the signal of the control terminal of main switch M and determine Determine the on or off of main switch, coupling transformer can be replaced with mutual inductor.First coupling transformer T₁Because having coupling Effect is so its secondary windings L2 is then used to extract or incude the driving pulse that shutdown control module RSD is loaded on power line Source PUS, driving pulse source PUS can be the voltage of pulsation and most commonly seen with square wave.It can feel to meet secondary windings L2 Should with capture driving pulse source PUS, the first coupling transformer T₁It is coupled to the first of main switch M in the different name end of secondary windings L2 At terminal namely it is coupled at common node NCO, if common node NCO has ground reference GR.First coupling transformer T₁ The Same Name of Ends of secondary windings L2 is coupled to the preset reference terminal NRF by a steering diode D2.It is specific: the first coupling Close transformer T₁Secondary windings L2 Same Name of Ends by be arranged first capacitor CC be coupled in first node N1, two pole of steering Pipe D2 is connected between first node N1 and the control terminal of main switch, and the anode tap of steering diode D2 is connected to first segment Point N1 and cathode terminal is connected at preset reference terminal NRF.In the first coupling transformer T₁The different name end of secondary windings L2 with In addition it is also connected with first diode D1 between first node N1, pays attention to the sun with ground reference GR of first diode D1 Pole is connected to first coupling transformer T₁The different name end of secondary windings L2 and cathode is connected to first node N1.By secondary windings L2 from It is described default to being connected to by steering diode D2 that the driving pulse source PUS that senses in other words is captured on power line Reference terminal NRF and first terminal between storage capacitor C1 charging, namely to being set to preset reference terminal NRF and public affairs Storage capacitor C1 charging between conode NCO, steering diode D2 allow the pulse incuded to be unidirectionally storage capacitor Charging.The parallel resistance in parallel with storage capacitor is equipped between preset reference terminal NRF and first terminal or common node NCO R1, the driving pulse source PUS sensed charge to storage capacitor C1.The current potential of storage capacitor C1, which reaches processor 80, to detect The situation that restores electricity then main switch M is connected, otherwise the current potential of storage capacitor C1 is not up to processor 80 and can detect Restore electricity situation when then main switch M be turned off.Therefore by the current potential of processor detecting storage capacitor, processor 80 is detected Stopping electric power thus supplied, then main switch is turned off by processor control, and stopping electric power thus supplied is because stopping conveying to cutoff device Caused by driving pulse, the electricity power down of storage capacitor at this time is to lower than acceptable predetermined voltage level.Processor 80 is detected To the situation that restores electricity, then for main switch by processor control connection, the situation that restores electricity is swashed because restoring to convey to cutoff device Caused by encouraging pulse, the electricity of storage capacitor is risen to because charging is restored not less than predetermined voltage level at this time.In a word: stopping Only detected to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source with stopping the processor having to cutoff device power supply by processor Stop electric power thus supplied and executes shutdown operation to be turned off the corresponding photovoltaic module of cutoff device；Or shutdown control mould Block is when receiving start command, again to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to restore the place having to cutoff device Manage device power supply, by processor detecting restore electricity situation and execute conducting operation to by the corresponding photovoltaic module of cutoff device from Off state is restored to series connection access state.

Referring to Figure 10, cutoff device SD mainly includes the master being connected in series by power line and photovoltaic module PV1-PVN Switch M and the first coupling transformer T₁, first capacitor CC and first diode D1 are saved with respect to Fig. 9.In so-called cutoff device First coupling transformer T is set in SD₁Primary side winding L1 opened with the master with first terminal and Second terminal and control terminal M is closed to be connected in series.Wherein the first coupling transformer T₁Secondary windings L2 is then used for the driving pulse extracted Jia Zai on power line Source PUS is then passed through as the coupling of signal by the driving pulse source PUS signal that secondary windings L2 is sensed or captured From steering diode D2 to being connected in preset reference terminal NRF and for example storage capacitor between the first terminal of source electrode C1 charging.In an alternate embodiment of the invention, be additionally provided between preset reference terminal NRF and first terminal or common node NCO with The parallel resistance R1 of storage capacitor C1 parallel connection.The anode tap of steering diode D2 is directly connected to secondary in an alternate embodiment of the invention The Same Name of Ends of grade winding L2 and cathode terminal is then connected at preset reference terminal NRF.Preset reference terminal NRF and first end The zener diode connecting with a pair of of differential concatenation that storage capacitor C1 is connected in parallel is additionally provided between son or common node NCO Z1-Z2.The zener diode Z1-Z2 of so-called differential concatenation connection refers to: the anode interconnection of zener diode Z1 and Z2, pressure stabilizing The cathode of diode Z1 is connected at first terminal or common node NCO, and the cathode of zener diode Z2 is connected to main switch So that zener diode and storage capacitor C1 that this pair is connected in series are connected in parallel at control terminal, this implementation is paid attention to Mode also can equally be well applied in the embodiment of Fig. 9.The zener diode of back-to-back differential concatenation connection is for clamping down on Pressure drop between the control terminal and first terminal of main switch avoids damage power switch.The first terminal of main switch and public section Point is directly coupled together and ground reference GR having the same in this application.

Referring to Figure 11, by being closed to the tandem for photovoltaic module that above especially the embodiment of Fig. 2-10 refers to Disconnected system is transformed, comprising: shutdown control module RSD and cutoff device SD, photovoltaic module PV1-PVN are serially connected in battery Group is gone here and there and they are also cascaded with cutoff device SD, and cutoff device SD is used to execute battery pack string connected in series Shutdown operation, shutdown control module RSD stop when receiving shutdown order to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source PUS executes shutdown operation to notify cutoff device SD to battery pack string connected in series.Cutoff device SD includes in topology Pass through power line and multiple photovoltaic module PV1-PVN the main switch M being connected in series and substitution hereinbefore the first coupling transformer Coupling element T₃, coupling element T in the embodiment₃Use inductor LS.And so-called inductor LS with have first terminal, The main switch M of Second terminal and control terminal series connection.By comparison context it is understood that the first coupling transformer is by inductor LS is replaced.Inductor LS is used to extract the driving pulse source PUS loaded on power line, the driving pulse source being sensed PUS charges via a steering diode D2 to the storage capacitor C1 being connected between preset reference terminal NRF and first terminal, Storage capacitor C1 current potential reaches the situation that restores electricity that processor 80 is approved, and then main switch M is connected the otherwise pass main switch M It is disconnected.The physical location of inductor LS is exactly the position of the primary side winding of the first coupling transformer, so one end coupling of inductor LS The opposite other end closed the first terminal of main switch M and also set up inductor LS is connected to the sun of steering diode D2 Pole, and the cathode of the steering diode is coupled to preset reference terminal NRF.Preset reference terminal NRF and first terminal it Between be additionally provided with the parallel resistance R1 being connected in parallel with storage capacitor.It is also set between preset reference terminal NRF and first terminal It is equipped with the zener diode Z1-Z2 connecting with a pair of of differential concatenation that storage capacitor is connected in parallel.

Referring to Figure 11, by being closed to the tandem for photovoltaic module that above especially the embodiment of Fig. 2-10 refers to Disconnected system is modified, and cutoff device SD is also used to be restored to again battery pack string connected in series to execute from off state The operation of series connection state turns off control module RSD when receiving start command, again by power line to so-called shutdown Device SD transport cycle driving pulse source PUS is to notify cutoff device SD to go here and there battery pack string connected in series again to execute Join the operation of connection.Cutoff device SD includes the shunt capacitance CP being connected between the first terminal and Second terminal of main switch M, In conjunction with Fig. 6 and Figure 11.In an alternate embodiment of the invention, cutoff device SD execute shutdown operate and close after main switch by with main switch The shunt capacitance CP being connected in parallel provides the driving pulse source PUS conduction path propagated on power line.Cutoff device SD Including the open type paralleling switch MP being connected between the first terminal and Second terminal of main switch M, in conjunction with Fig. 7 and Figure 11.? In optional embodiment, the control terminal of open type paralleling switch MP is connected to the control terminal of main switch M, and cutoff device SD is held After row shutdown operates and closes main switch, the open type paralleling switch MP by entering on state provides driving pulse source PUS and exists The conduction path propagated on power line and reach the feelings that restore electricity of the approval of processor 80 in the current potential of storage capacitor C1 Condition and when connecting main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor, which also controls, is ended open type paralleling switch MP.It is worth noting that The various technical characteristics that all embodiments of Fig. 2-10 are mentioned can be applied in the embodiment of Figure 11, and turn off dress Between the cathode output end Q2 and bus LB for setting the photovoltaic module PVN that SD can be connected end, cutoff device SD may be used yet To be arranged between the cathode output end Q1 and bus LA of the first photovoltaic module PV1, it might even be possible to be arranged in any previous stage Between the cathode output end of photovoltaic module and the cathode output end of neighboring later stage photovoltaic module.Then inductor LS and main switch M It can be arranged between the cathode output end Q2 and bus LB of N grades last of photovoltaic module after the two series connection, both It can be arranged in after series connection between the cathode output end Q1 and bus LA of the first first order photovoltaic module PV1, both string Also the anode of cathode output end and neighboring later stage photovoltaic module that any previous stage photovoltaic module can also be arranged in after connection is defeated Between outlet, the purpose of arrangement is off the demand that device is able to satisfy shutdown whole system.

Above by description and accompanying drawings, the exemplary embodiments of the specific structure of specific embodiment, foregoing invention are given Existing preferred embodiment is proposed, but these contents are not intended as limiting to.For a person skilled in the art, in reading State it is bright after, various changes and modifications undoubtedly will be evident.Therefore, appended claims, which should be regarded as, covers the present invention True intention and range whole variations and modifications.The range of any and all equivalences within the scope of the claim of this application book With content, all it is considered as still belonging to the intent and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. a kind of parallel turning off system for photovoltaic module characterized by comprising

At least one shutdown control module；

Multiple photovoltaic modulies are serially connected in battery pack string；

Each cutoff device for corresponding photovoltaic module turn off and from battery pack string removal or be used for by Corresponding photovoltaic module is restored to the series connection access state of access battery pack string from off state；

Shutdown control module stops to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source when receiving shutdown order to stop The processor power supply having to each cutoff device is detected by processor and stops electric power thus supplied and execute shutdown operation to close The disconnected corresponding photovoltaic module of device is turned off；Or

Control module is turned off when receiving start command, again to each cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to restore The processor power supply having to each cutoff device is detected by processor and restores electricity situation and execute conducting operation to close The disconnected corresponding photovoltaic module of device is restored to series connection access state from off state.

2. the parallel turning off system according to claim 1 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Each cutoff device includes being connected respectively to one group of input terminal of photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes and including turning off with other One group of output end that device is connected in series is equipped with bypass diode between one group of output end of each cutoff device；

When photovoltaic module is turned off, one of cutoff device corresponding to the photovoltaic module being turned off is provided by bypass diode Conduction path between group output end.

3. the parallel turning off system according to claim 1 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Each cutoff device includes the main switch for being inputted main switch open or closed between end and output end With first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal；

Each cutoff device includes the first coupling transformer for being coupled to its output end by power line, the first coupling transformation The primary side winding of device and the first terminal of main switch are connected in one of one group of output end place；

The driving pulse source being sensed is via a steering diode to being connected between preset reference terminal and first terminal Storage capacitor charging；

By the current potential of processor detecting storage capacitor, processor detecting stops electric power thus supplied, and then main switch is given by processor control Shutdown or processor detecting restore electricity, and situation then connected by processor control by main switch.

4. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

5. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

It is additionally provided between preset reference terminal and first terminal and is connect with a pair of of differential concatenation that storage capacitor is connected in parallel Zener diode.

6. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

7. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

The anode of first diode is connected to the different name end of the secondary windings of the first coupling transformer and cathode is connected to first node；

8. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, excitation arteries and veins is provided by the shunt capacitance being connected in parallel with main switch It rushes source and bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated.

9. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Cutoff device includes the open type paralleling switch being connected between the first terminal of main switch and Second terminal, and open type is simultaneously The control terminal of connection switch is connected to preset reference terminal；

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, the open type paralleling switch by entering on state provides excitation Clock bypasses the conduction path that main switch is propagated；And

When processor detects and restores electricity situation and connect main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor is also controlled open type parallel connection Switch is ended.

10. the parallel turning off system according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Cutoff device includes the inductor for being coupled to its output end by power line, one end of inductor and the first end of main switch Son is connected in one of one group of output end place, and the opposite other end of inductor is connected to anode and control of a steering diode It is coupled to preset reference terminal to the cathode of diode；

Inductor is used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

The driving pulse source being sensed is via the steering diode to being connected between preset reference terminal and first terminal Storage capacitor charging；

11. a kind of tandem turning off system for photovoltaic module characterized by comprising

At least one shutdown control module and at least one cutoff device；

Shutdown control module stops to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source when receiving shutdown order to stop to pass The processor that disconnected device has is powered, and is detected by processor and is stopped electric power thus supplied and execute shutdown operation thus by cutoff device pair The photovoltaic module answered is turned off；Or

Control module is turned off when receiving start command, again to cutoff device transport cycle driving pulse source to restore to pass The processor power supply that disconnected device has is detected by processor and restores electricity situation and execute conducting operation thus by cutoff device pair The photovoltaic module answered is restored to series connection access state from off state.

12. the tandem turning off system according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

The primary side winding of first coupling transformer is connected with the main switch with first terminal, Second terminal and control terminal；

The driving pulse source being sensed then via a steering diode to be connected to preset reference terminal and first terminal it Between storage capacitor charging；

By the current potential of processor detecting storage capacitor, processor detects stopping electric power thus supplied, and then main switch is given by processor control The situation that restores electricity is detected with shutdown or processor, and then main switch is connected by processor control.

13. the tandem turning off system according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

14. the tandem turning off system according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

15. the tandem turning off system according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

16. the tandem turning off system according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

17. the tandem turning off system according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, excitation arteries and veins is provided by the shunt capacitance being connected in parallel with main switch Rush the conduction path that source is propagated on power line.

18. the tandem turning off system according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

After cutoff device executes shutdown operation and closes main switch, the open type paralleling switch by entering on state provides excitation The conduction path that clock is propagated on power line；And

When processor detects and restores electricity situation and control connection main switch, the current potential of storage capacitor is also controlled open type Paralleling switch is ended.

19. the tandem turning off system according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that:

Inductor is used to extract the driving pulse source loaded on power line；

By the current potential of processor detecting storage capacitor, processor detecting stops electric power thus supplied, and then main switch is turned off by processor Or processor detecting restores electricity that situation then connected by processor by main switch；

The opposite other end of first terminal and inductor that main switch is coupled in one end of inductor is connected to two pole of steering The anode of pipe, and the cathode of the steering diode is coupled to preset reference terminal.