CN109813416A - A kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone - Google Patents
A kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone Download PDFInfo
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- CN109813416A CN109813416A CN201910121533.8A CN201910121533A CN109813416A CN 109813416 A CN109813416 A CN 109813416A CN 201910121533 A CN201910121533 A CN 201910121533A CN 109813416 A CN109813416 A CN 109813416A
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- vector hydrophone
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- big depth
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone, the vector hydrophone includes shell, signal output apparatus and three axial accelerometer；The shell is hollow and thin-walled pressure-resistance structure made of metal, and the three axial accelerometer is mounted in the shell, measures the particle vibration velocity information of underwater sound field；Measured signal is exported by the signal output apparatus of the housing top end.Hydrostatic pressure resistant ability of the present invention is strong, and maximum working depth is up to the 4000m depth of water；And components are few, it is simple and reliable for structure；It avoids using dosing technology, mounting process is safe and simple quick, and product qualification rate is high, and production cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrophones, and in particular to a kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone belongs to Underwater Detection
Technical field.
Background technique
Synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone is a kind of novel underwater sound sensor, can measure the particle vibration velocity letter of underwater sound field
Breath.Vector hydrophone can measure target sound source orientation, have the characteristics that along with it is small in size, low in energy consumption, it is especially suitable
Conjunction is equipped on the underwater unmanned platforms such as underwater glider, intelligent buoy for submarine detection, has great strategic value.But with
The development of pressure-resistant technology, the working depth of the underwater unmanned platform such as underwater glider, intelligent buoy can reach several at present
Km, at this moment the working depth of vector hydrophone is just at restricting its bottleneck to play a role at deep-sea.
The working principle of synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone determines that it needs lesser volume and is averaged with similar in seawater
Density.Synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone mostly uses epoxy resin and glass bead composite to do material of main part at present, processes work
Multiple mold encapsulating is used in skill, processing is complicated, and inside is easy that there are hole crack, Embedding Material and accelerometers, conducting wire
Deng contact surface be also easy the disadvantages of there are poor attachments, these disadvantages determine its requirement for being difficult to meet big depth,
The working depth of epoxy resin encapsulated vector hydrophone generally can only be within 600 meters at present.Therefore it is a kind of can be in big depth work
The vector hydrophone of work becomes urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency existing for above-mentioned vector hydrophone in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of big depth synchronous vibration types to swear
Hydrophone is measured, is suitable for capable of using under deep-sea or high hydrostatic pressure for the unmanned platform of big depth underwater to solve to lack at present
Big depth vector hydrophone the problem of.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone, which is characterized in that the vector hydrophone includes shell, signal output
Device and three axial accelerometer；The shell is hollow and thin-walled pressure-resistance structure made of metal, the three axial accelerometer
It is mounted in the shell, measures the particle vibration velocity information of underwater sound field；Measured signal passes through the letter of the housing top end
The output of number output device.
Further, the shell is fastenedly connected by upper hemispherical shell and lower hemisphere shell and is formed.
Further, the vector hydrophone further includes bracket, has groove in the upper hemispherical shell lower inner wall, described
Bracket is mounted in the upper hemispherical shell by the groove, and the three axial accelerometer installation on the bracket, is installed
The bracket makes the sensitivity center of the three axial accelerometer and the centroid of the shell coincide afterwards, and makes the vector water
It listens and thinks highly of the heart and centroid essentially coincides.
Further, the vector hydrophone further includes rubber o-ring, is set on the upper hemispherical shell or the lower hemisphere shell
There is O-ring mounting groove, the rubber o-ring is mounted in the O-ring mounting groove, realizes the upper hemispherical shell and the lower half
Sealing between spherical shell.
Further, the signal output apparatus is pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector, is equipped at the top of the upper hemispherical shell and wears storehouse spiral shell
Pit；The pressure resistance underwater electrical connector is worn storehouse threaded hole described in and is mounted on the upper hemispherical shell, and passes through connection cables
It is connected with the three axial accelerometer, exports the detectable signal of the three axial accelerometer.
Further, the signal output apparatus is wire installation, and the three axial accelerometer passes through the episphere
The wire installation of delivery outlet encapsulating exports measured signal at the top of shell.
Further, the wire installation includes output cord, rubber, epoxy resin, copper needle and flexible circuit conductor；
The output cord is fixed at the top of the upper hemispherical shell on the delivery outlet by rubber described in encapsulating；More institutes
Copper needle is stated to be fixed in the delivery outlet by epoxy resin described in encapsulating；Each sub-line of the three axial accelerometer connecting line
Be connected with the input terminal of the copper needle by the flexible circuit conductor respectively, more core wires of the output cord respectively with the copper needle
Output end be connected.
Further, the wire installation further includes insulation support plate, and the more copper needles pass through the insulation support plate
It is installed in parallel in the delivery outlet at the top of the upper hemispherical shell.
Further, the vector hydrophone further includes mounting hole, and the mounting hole is arranged on the outer surface of outer cover,
The vector hydrophone is connected by the mounting hole with underwater platform.
Further, the pressure-resistance structure of the shell is spherical, cylindrical or capsule shape.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) present invention by hollow and thin-walled metal be easily formed small in size, hydrostatic pressure resistant ability by force, it is comparable with water density
Pressure-resistance structure；
2) the shell mounting process being made up of upper hemispherical shell and lower hemisphere shell is safe and simple quick, and product qualification rate is high,
Production cost is low, and avoids using the complicated cumbersome dosing technology for having pollution；
3) present invention ensure that the weight of three axial accelerometer sensitivity center Yu shell centroid by the bracket of careful design
It closes, and meets the requirement that vector hydrophone center of gravity and centroid essentially coincide.
4) present invention strengthens the sealing between upper hemispherical shell and lower hemisphere shell by rubber o-ring；
5) shell mechanism of the invention adapts to multi-signal output device, widely applicable；
6) housing profile of the invention multiplicity, the mounting hole to adapt to each operating condition, and on shell facilitate itself and underwater platform
Connection.
In summary, components of the present invention are few, simple and reliable for structure, and voltage endurance capability is strong, and working depth up to 2000~
The 4000m depth of water, working frequency range is wide, and maximum operating frequency is up to 3000Hz.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural profile illustration of the big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural profile illustration of upper hemispherical shell in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural profile illustration of lower hemisphere shell in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is bracket partial structurtes diagrammatic cross-section in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a variety of seal form schematic diagrames of upper hemispherical shell and lower hemisphere shell in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that three channel sensitivity test results of the big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone of the present invention are linearly schemed；
Fig. 7 is three channel Direction Curve figures of the big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is wire installation structural schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Wherein: 1- pressure resistance underwater electrical connector, 2- upper hemispherical shell, 3- connection cables, 4- bracket, 5- rubber o-ring, tri- axis of 6-
To accelerometer, 7- lower hemisphere shell, 8- mounting hole, 9- wears storehouse threaded hole, 10- groove, 11- end face of flange, 12- external screw thread, 13-
Internal screw thread, 14-O type circle mounting groove, 15- output cord, 15.1- core wire, 16- rubber, 17- epoxy resin, 18- copper needle, 19- are exhausted
Edge support plate, 20- flexible circuit conductor.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification and embodiment, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.With
Lower embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The orientation or positional relationships such as upper and lower, left and right, inside and outside, front end, rear end, head, tail portion in present specification are used
Language is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and establishes.Attached drawing is different, then corresponding positional relationship be also possible to
Change, therefore the restriction to protection scope cannot be interpreted as with this.
In the present invention, term " installation ", " connected ", " connecting ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. be shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, can
It to be to be fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, be also possible to be integrally connected, be also possible to be mechanically connected, be also possible to
Electrical connection can be in communication with each other, and be also possible to be directly connected to, be also possible to be indirectly connected with by intermediary, can be two
Connection inside component is also possible to the interaction relationship of two components.For those of ordinary skill in the art and
Speech, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
To meet use of the vector hydrophone under deep-sea or high hydrostatic pressure, according to vector hydrophone pick-up principle,
The averag density of vector hydrophone is suitable with the density of water, and center of gravity will coincide with the centroid of hydrophone.Simultaneously in order to the greatest extent
Amount widens the working frequency range of hydrophone, and the size of vector hydrophone is small as far as possible.In addition to meet the operating condition of the big depth of water,
Vector hydrophone will also have the ability of higher resistance to hydrostatic pressure.Therefore it is small will to meet simultaneously density for big depth vector hydrophone
(working as with water phase), small in size, strong three necessary conditions of anti-pressure ability.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment describes a kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone, which uses thin-wall metal case
As pressure-resistance structure, and using three axial accelerometer as core sensing element, the particle vibration velocity information of underwater sound field is measured.This is outer
Shell is hollow structure, while reducing the mass density of vector hydrophone, additionally it is possible to be provided for vector hydrophone enough floating
Power.Pressure-resistance structure shape used by the vector hydrophone shell is generally spherical, cylindrical or capsule shape etc., wherein pressure resistance
Performance is best for spherical shape.
For convenient for assembling, shell is assembled by upper and lower two hemispherical Shells in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the vector water
Listen device include pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector 1, upper hemispherical shell 2, connection cables 3, bracket 4, rubber o-ring 5, three axial accelerometer 6,
Lower hemisphere shell 7 and mounting hole 8.
Specifically, wearing storehouse threaded hole 9 as shown in Fig. 2, being additionally provided at the top of upper hemispherical shell 2, pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector 1 is by wearing
Storehouse threaded hole 9 is mounted on upper hemispherical shell 2, and is connected by connection cables 3 with three axial accelerometer 6, for exporting three
The signal of axes accelerometers 6.The size for wearing storehouse threaded hole 9 is determined according to selected pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector 1.
There is groove 10 in 2 lower inner wall of upper hemispherical shell, be used for mounting bracket 4, three axial accelerometer 6 is mounted on branch
On frame 4, by the careful design to 4 structure size of bracket, the sensitivity center of the three axial accelerometer 6 after making installation and shell
Centroid coincide, and then big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone meets the requirement that center of gravity and centroid essentially coincide.
If bracket 4 uses decussation structure, middle is equipped with groove, for installing three axial accelerometer 6.Branch
Frame 4 need to meet three axial accelerometer 6 and be overlapped in the horizontal and vertical directions with shell centroid.4 central horizontal axis of usual bracket
It is coaxially disposed with shell centroid trunnion axis, the horizontal size of groove is the horizontal size of selected three axial accelerometer 6, so
The sensitivity center of three axial accelerometer 6 can be made to be overlapped in the horizontal direction with the centroid of shell.In the vertical direction, such as Fig. 4
Shown, the depth of intermediate groove is x on bracket 4,4 installation leg of bracket with a thickness of d1, installation leg upper surface and housing center water
Flat axial line distance is d2, and the height of three axis accelerometer 6 is h.Then x=d1+d2+h/2, thus formula can careful design bracket 4
The depth x of intermediate groove then can guarantee that the sensitivity center of three axis accelerometer 6 is also mutually be overlapped with the centroid of shell in the vertical direction
It closes.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, opposite end is respectively provided with end face of flange 11 between upper hemispherical shell 2 and lower hemisphere shell 7, at it
In O-ring mounting groove 14 is set on end face of flange 11 (being arranged on lower hemisphere shell 7 in the present embodiment), rubber o-ring 5 is pacified
In O-ring mounting groove 14, the axial seal between upper hemispherical shell 2 and lower hemisphere shell 7 is realized.In addition, can also be by changing O
The setting position of type circle mounting groove 14 realizes seal form different between upper and lower hemispherical Shell 2,7 using rubber o-ring 5, such as
The seal forms such as radial seal, the sealing of bored plug, as shown in Figure 5.
Upper hemispherical shell 2 and lower hemisphere shell 7 can be connected through a screw thread to form shell, as the external screw thread 12 of upper hemispherical shell 2 screws in
In the internal screw thread 13 of lower hemisphere shell 7, so that end face of flange 11 compresses.Alternatively, upper and lower hemispherical Shell 2,7 can also be by flange end
11 surrounding screw of face is fastenedly connected to form shell.
The vector hydrophone is connected by mounting hole 8 with underwater platform, so that vector hydrophone reaches detecting location.It is multiple
Mounting hole 8 is symmetrically distributed on outer surface of outer cover.The present embodiment is equal with 90 ° of spacing respectively on upper hemispherical shell 2 and lower hemisphere shell 7
4 mounting holes 8 of even distribution.
The metal that upper hemispherical shell 2 and lower hemisphere shell 7 use in the present embodiment is aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, stainless steel
Or other metal materials, these metal materials are easily formed the high thin wall hollow pressure-resistance structure of light weight intensity.As used these
The spherical housing that wall thickness is 2~3mm, diameter is 40~80mm is made in metal material, the vector hydrophone and water after assembling it is close
Degree is than being 0.8~1.8, and the working depth of vector hydrophone is in 2000~4000m, and working frequency range is in 10~3000Hz.
Below by taking the wall thickness that aluminum alloy materials are processed into is 3mm, diameter is the shell of 70mm as an example, illustrate big depth with vibration
The manufacturing method of formula vector hydrophone, steps are as follows:
1) using aluminum alloy materials processing upper hemispherical shell 2 and lower hemisphere shell 7, and to the table of upper hemispherical shell 2 and lower hemisphere shell 7
Oxidation processes are done in face, to provide the protective film of anti-seawater corrosion；
2) aluminum alloy materials machining support 4 is used；
3) connecting line of pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector 1 and three axial accelerometer 6 is welded to connect by connection cables 3, and
It is socketed heat-shrink tube in welding position, to avoid the open circuit of each sub-line or short circuit in connecting line.Meanwhile trimming connecting line makes its length
For 100mm or so, certain operating space was not only provided but also has avoided increasing weight；
4) three axial accelerometer 6 is mounted on bracket 4, then bracket 4 is installed to the groove 10 of 2 inner wall of upper hemispherical shell
On, and cemented with 502 glue or epoxide-resin glue；
5) pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector 1 is mounted on upper hemispherical shell 2 by the storehouse threaded hole 9 of wearing on upper hemispherical shell 2, simultaneously
Screw thread glue is smeared on the screw thread of pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector 1 to prevent from loosening；
6) seal grease is uniformly smeared into 5 outer surface of rubber o-ring, then attaches it to 7 end face of flange of lower hemisphere shell
In 11 O-ring mounting groove 14.
7) external screw thread 12 of upper hemispherical shell 2 is directed at the internal screw thread 13 of lower hemisphere shell 7 and tightened, forming complete diameter is
The big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone of 70mm, as shown in Figure 1, to smear screw thread glue simultaneously, on external screw thread 12 to prevent from loosening.
The indices of big depth vector hydrophone after the completion of above-mentioned manufacture are verified, test vector hydrophone
Performance.
Calculating is measured first, and the quality of selected three axial accelerometer 6 is 27g, after the assembly is completed entire vector water
The quality for listening device is 230g, and volume is 1.98 × 10-4m3, averag density 1179.5kg/m3, the density ratio with water is 1.18,
Meet the theoretical condition requirement of big depth vector hydrophone.
Under the premise of the density of vector hydrophone and water is comparable, the full-size of vector hydrophone just becomes its most senior engineer
The limiting factor of working frequency:The overall diameter of above-mentioned vector hydrophone is 70mm, is computed, working frequency f≤
3410Hz, it is contemplated that the density ratio of itself and water is slightly larger than 1, and maximum operating frequency is also up to 2000Hz.
Secondly, to verify the performance indexes of the vector hydrophone, to the spirit in its tri- channel X, Y, Z in standing wave tube
Sensitivity and directive property are tested respectively.As seen from Figure 6, the sensitivity in three channels of vector hydrophone is almost the same, vector
Channel acoustic pressure sensitivity level is -162.3dB 500Hz (0dB=1V/mPa, including preposition amplification 20dB).It is every in measurement frequency band
Increase an octave sensitivity level and increase 6dB, matches with theoretical value.Fig. 7 shows three channels of the vector hydrophone
Directive property test result, the coordinate upper limit is 0dB in figure, and coordinate lower limit is -40dB, test frequency 630Hz.As seen from Figure 7 three
A channel all has cosine directivity.Wherein X passage sensitivity concave point depth is 38.7dB, and sensitivity maxima inhomogeneities is not
Greater than 1.2dB；Y channel sensitivity concave point depth is 35.1dB, and sensitivity maxima inhomogeneities is not more than 0.3dB；The spirit of the channel Z
Sensitivity concave point depth is 37.7dB, and sensitivity maxima inhomogeneities is not more than 0.1dB, is all satisfied real requirement.
For the voltage endurance capability for verifying the big depth vector hydrophone of the present embodiment, 2 vector hydrophone samples are put into pressure
It carries out suppressing test in tank.To ensure that safety, test macro are pressurizeed using high pressure water.40MPa, pressure maintaining 1 are first pressurized to when test
Hour, pressure release, repressurization to 40MPa, so circulation 3 times.There is no obvious pressure drops for entire pressure process.After pressurization, 2
The appearance of a sample is not damaged, and the weighing of test front and back is consistent.
Then test is re-started to the sensitivity and directive property index in tri- channels its X, Y, Z in standing wave tube, tested
As the result is shown with suppress before sensitivity and directive property it is consistent.Therefore the big depth vector hydrophone in the present embodiment is fully able to
4000 meters of hydraulic pressure are resistant to, three necessary conditions of big depth vector hydrophone are fully met.
Embodiment two
A kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone that the present embodiment is recorded, structure and vector hydrophone phase in embodiment one
Seemingly, the difference is that: the vector hydrophone does not include pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector 1, and the signal of three axial accelerometer 6 passes through upper
The wire installation of 2 top delivery outlet encapsulating of hemispherical Shell exports.
As shown in figure 8, each sub-line of the connecting line of three axial accelerometer 6 passes through the defeated of flexible circuit conductor 20 and copper needle 18 respectively
Enter end to be connected, more core wires 15.1 of output cord 15 are connected with the output end of copper needle 18 respectively, so that output cord 15 is by three
The signal of axes accelerometers 6 exports.More copper needles 18 are installed in parallel in the defeated of 2 top of upper hemispherical shell by insulation support plate 19
In portalling, and it is fixed by encapsulated epoxy resin 17, and epoxy resin 17 can avoid short circuit between more copper needles 18, cause signal dry
It disturbs.Output cord 15 is fixed on 2 top of upper hemispherical shell by encapsulating rubber 16.
Although the principle of the present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, this field skill
Art personnel are it should be understood that above-described embodiment is only the explanation to exemplary implementation of the invention, not to present invention packet
Restriction containing range.Details in embodiment is simultaneously not meant to limit the scope of the invention, without departing substantially from spirit of the invention and
In the case where range, any equivalent transformation based on technical solution of the present invention, simple replacement etc. obviously change, and all fall within
Within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone, which is characterized in that the vector hydrophone includes shell, signal output dress
It sets and three axial accelerometer (6)；The shell is hollow and thin-walled pressure-resistance structure made of metal, the three axial accelerometer
(6) it is mounted in the shell, measures the particle vibration velocity information of underwater sound field；Measured signal is described by the housing top end
Signal output apparatus output.
2. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shell is by upper hemispherical shell
(2) and lower hemisphere shell (7) is fastenedly connected composition.
3. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the vector hydrophone also wraps
It includes bracket (4), there are groove (10) in upper hemispherical shell (2) lower inner wall, the bracket (4) is pacified by the groove (10)
In the upper hemispherical shell (2), the three axial accelerometer (6) is mounted on the bracket (4), the bracket after installation
(4) centroid of the sensitivity center and the shell that make the three axial accelerometer (6) coincides, and makes the vector hydrophone
Center of gravity and centroid essentially coincide.
4. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the vector hydrophone also wraps
It includes rubber o-ring (5), the upper hemispherical shell (2) or the lower hemisphere shell (7) are equipped with O-ring mounting groove (14), the rubber
O-ring (5) is mounted in the O-ring mounting groove (14), is realized between the upper hemispherical shell (2) and the lower hemisphere shell (7)
Sealing.
5. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the signal output apparatus is
Pressure-resistant underwater electrical connector (1), upper hemispherical shell (2) top, which is equipped with, wears storehouse threaded hole (9)；The pressure resistance underwater electrical connector (1)
It is mounted on the upper hemispherical shell (2) by the storehouse threaded hole (9) of wearing, and is axially added by connection cables (3) and described three
Speedometer (6) is connected, and exports the detectable signal of the three axial accelerometer (6).
6. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the signal output apparatus is
Wire installation, the wire installation that the three axial accelerometer (6) passes through delivery outlet encapsulating at the top of the upper hemispherical shell (2)
Export measured signal.
7. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the wire installation includes defeated
Cable (15), rubber (16), epoxy resin (17), copper needle (18) and flexible circuit conductor (20) out；
The output cord (15) is fixed on the delivery outlet at the top of the upper hemispherical shell (2) by rubber (16) described in encapsulating
On；The more copper needles (18) are fixed in the delivery outlet by epoxy resin (17) described in encapsulating；Described three axial acceleration
Each sub-line of degree meter (6) connecting line passes through the flexible circuit conductor (20) respectively and is connected with the input terminal of the copper needle (18), described defeated
More core wires (15.1) of cable (15) are connected with the output end of the copper needle (18) respectively out.
8. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the wire installation further includes
Insulation support plate (19), the more copper needles (18) are installed in parallel in the upper hemispherical shell by the insulation support plate (19)
(2) in the delivery outlet at the top of.
9. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vector hydrophone also wraps
It includes mounting hole (8), the mounting hole (8) is arranged on the outer surface of outer cover, and the vector hydrophone passes through the mounting hole 8
It is connected with underwater platform.
10. big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure resistance knot of the shell
Structure is spherical, cylindrical or capsule shape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910121533.8A CN109813416A (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2019-02-19 | A kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone |
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| CN201910121533.8A CN109813416A (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2019-02-19 | A kind of big depth synchronous vibration type vector hydrophone |
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| CN109813416A true CN109813416A (en) | 2019-05-28 |
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