CN109807467A - A kind of laser welding apparatus and its method for welding switchgear - Google Patents
A kind of laser welding apparatus and its method for welding switchgear Download PDFInfo
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- CN109807467A CN109807467A CN201910146034.4A CN201910146034A CN109807467A CN 109807467 A CN109807467 A CN 109807467A CN 201910146034 A CN201910146034 A CN 201910146034A CN 109807467 A CN109807467 A CN 109807467A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention is suitable for technical field of laser welding, a kind of method for providing laser welding apparatus and its welding switchgear.The laser welding apparatus includes lathe, welding head assembly and laser, and welding head assembly is fixed on lathe, and laser is connect with welding head assembly.Welding head assembly includes plumb joint turntable, plumb joint, laser conduction optical fiber, air blowing protector and coordinates detection instrument for laser beam to be transmitted to plumb joint from laser.Laser conduction optical fiber one end connecting laser, the other end are connected with welding head assembly, and air blowing protector is coaxially fixed on plumb joint bottom, and coordinates detection instrument is fixed on plumb joint one side.The application of device and method through the invention, it can effectively avoid the problems such as generating excessive splashings, recess, rosin joint, post welding distortion and the attachment of switchgear plate face black smoke when welding switchgear, the accurate welding of each weld seam of switchgear can be achieved, welding quality is high, welding deformation is small, and the air-tightness of weld seam is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the sides of technical field of laser welding more particularly to a kind of laser welding apparatus and its welding switchgear
Method.
Background technique
High-pressure aerated switchgear is switchgear of new generation, is widely used in the electric substation of electric system, switching station, box
Substation, residential quarters, industrial and mining enterprises and megastore, especially suitable for subway, railway etc. to the higher field of power requirement
It closes, meanwhile, switchgear is high to air-tightness requirement.
It is excessive to be easy to appear splashing, recess, rosin joint, post welding distortion when welding switchgear for conventional welding apparatus and technology
The problems such as, cause poor welding quality, welding deformation big, the air-tightness of weld seam is bad.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is that providing a kind of laser welding apparatus and its welding switchgear
Method, it is intended to solve welding equipment in the prior art and be easy to appear splashing, recess, rosin joint, postwelding when welding switchgear
Excessive and switchgear plate face black smoke attachment etc. is deformed, causes poor welding quality, welding deformation big, weld joint air-tight is bad to ask
Topic.
The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows, a kind of laser welding apparatus, for welding switchgear, including lathe, weldering
The laser of joint assembly and generation laser beam for welding, the welding head assembly are fixed on the lathe, described to swash
Light device and welding head assembly electrical connection, the lathe includes lathe base, X-axis component, Y-axis component and Z axis component,
The X-axis component is installed on the lathe base, and the Y-axis component is installed on the X-axis component, the Z axis component peace
Loaded on the Y-axis component, the welding head assembly is installed on the Z axis component, Y-axis group described in the X-axis Component driver
Part moves along the x axis, and Z axis component described in the Y-axis Component driver moves along the y axis, and can drive the Z axis component band
It moves the welding head assembly to move along Z-direction, the welding head assembly includes plumb joint turntable, plumb joint, for that will swash
Light beam is transmitted to the laser conduction optical fiber, air blowing protector and coordinates detection instrument of plumb joint from the laser.It is described to swash
Light conducts optical fiber one end and connects the laser, the laser conduction optical fiber other end connecting welding head assembly, the plumb joint
It is fixed on the plumb joint turntable, the air blowing protector is coaxially mounted to the plumb joint bottom, the coordinate
Survey meter is mounted on the plumb joint side, and the plumb joint turntable can drive the plumb joint, the air blowing protector
And the coordinates detection instrument is rotated in C axis direction and A axis direction.
Further, the plumb joint turntable includes C axis turntable and A axis turntable, and the C axis turntable is fixed on
On the Z axis component, the C axis turntable is connect with the A axis turntable, and the C axis turntable drives the A axis turntable
It is rotated in C axis direction, the A axis turntable drives the plumb joint, the air blowing protector and the coordinates detection instrument
It is rotated in A axis direction.
Further, the air blowing protector include air blowing protector ontology, for blow protection nozzle and
For the gas hood of jet, the gas hood is mounted on the air blowing protector ontology, and the nozzle is mounted on the gas hood,
The axis of the nozzle and the gas hood is overlapped with the laser beam exported from the plumb joint.
Further, the coordinates detection instrument is a kind of precision detection sensor, and outer end is provided with for obtaining machine
Bed and the minor diameter contact of switchgear contact point spatial value detect ball.
Further, the laser welding apparatus further includes the workbench for placing switchgear, and the workbench is placed
Welding region in the lathe.
Further, the frock clamp being used to support with position-sensing switch cabinet, the tooling folder are provided on the workbench
Tool includes supporting block and locating piece, and the supporting block is installed on the workbench, the bottom of the locating piece and the work
Platform connection, the side of the locating piece are connect with the supporting block, and the supporting block and the locating piece are vertically arranged, described fixed
The height of position block is higher than the height of the supporting block.
Further, the laser welding apparatus further includes the guide rail for the movable workbench, the workbench installation
In on the guide rail, the workbench can be moved along the length direction of the guide rail.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of method of above-mentioned laser welding apparatus welding switchgear, the welding switchgear
Method includes the following steps:
S1: switchgear plate to be welded is subjected to assembled and spot welding and is fixed；
S2: the switchgear that spot welding is fixed is installed on the frock clamp on the workbench；
S3: the workbench is moved along the guide rail, switchgear is moved to the welding region in the lathe；
S4: being numbered weld seam starting point each on switchgear, intermediate point, end point, passes through the movement plumb joint group
Part acquires each point spatial value using coordinates detection instrument, and the coordinate value input welding main program that will acquire carries out welding track
Programming；
S5: starting welding procedure carry out welding track confirmation, if any deviation, then by position coordinate deviate carry out track compared with
Just；
S6: the height between the air blowing protector and switchgear plate face is adjusted；
S7: each welding condition is set；
S8: starting welding procedure carries out laser welding；
S9: observation weld seam effect and welding process stability, return step S5 executes correlation if there is undesirable effect
Operation is until reach ideal welding effect.
S10: the switchgear welded is removed into welding region, the switchgear for replacing next identical size directly initiates welding
Program is welded.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect is the embodiment of the present invention: the present invention provide a kind of laser welding apparatus and
Method, plumb joint is realized by being fixed on lathe to be moved along X, Y, Z axis direction and rotates in C axis and A axis direction, is utilized
Laser conduction optical fiber conducts the laser beam that laser generates to plumb joint, welds in each orientation to switchgear to realize
It connects, air blowing protector and coordinates detection instrument is set on plumb joint, can effectively avoid appearance when welding switchgear and splash, is recessed
Fall into, the problems such as rosin joint, post welding distortion are excessive and switchgear plate face black smoke adheres to, it can be achieved that each weld seam of switchgear accurate welding,
Welding quality is high, welding deformation is small, and the air-tightness of weld seam is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of laser welding apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of plumb joint in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is that switchgear is placed into the structural schematic diagram on workbench in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of air blowing protector in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of method for laser welding.
In figure: 1, lathe；11, lathe base；12, X-axis component；13, Y-axis component；14, Z axis component；2, plumb joint group
Part；21, plumb joint turntable；211, C axis turntable；212, A axis turntable；22, laser conduction optical fiber；23, protection of blowing fills
It sets；231, air blowing protector ontology；232, nozzle；233, gas hood；24, coordinates detection instrument；25, plumb joint；3, laser；4,
Workbench；41, frock clamp；411, supporting block；412, locating piece；5, guide rail；6, switchgear.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
It as shown in Figures 1 to 4, is a kind of laser welding apparatus provided by the invention comprising lathe 1, welding head assembly 2
And laser 3 of the laser beam for welding is generated, welding head assembly 2 is fixed on lathe 1, laser 3 and welding head assembly 2
It is attached by laser conduction optical fiber, lathe 1 includes lathe base 11, X-axis component 12, Y-axis component 13 and Z axis component
14, X-axis component 12 is installed on lathe base 11, and Y-axis component 13 is installed on X-axis component 12, and Z axis component 14 is installed on Y-axis
On component 13, welding head assembly 2 is installed on Z axis component 14, and X-axis component 12 drives Y-axis component 13 to move along the x axis, Y-axis
Component 13 drives Z axis component 14 to move along the y axis, and can drive Z axis component 14 that welding head assembly 2 is driven to move along Z-direction
Dynamic, X-axis component 12, Y-axis component 13 and Z axis component 14 are mobile mould group, and welding head assembly 2 includes plumb joint turntable
21, plumb joint 25, laser conduction optical fiber 22, air blowing protector for laser beam to be transmitted to plumb joint 25 from laser 3
23 and coordinates detection instrument 24,22 one end connecting laser 3 of laser conduction optical fiber, 22 other end connecting welding of laser conduction optical fiber
First 25, laser conduction optical fiber 22 has certain core diameter size, and different core diameter sizes can be selected according to different welding demands.
Plumb joint 25 is fixed on plumb joint turntable 21, and it is most lower that air blowing protector 23 is coaxially mounted to plumb joint 25
End, coordinates detection instrument 24 are mounted on 25 side of plumb joint, and plumb joint turntable 21 can drive plumb joint 25, air blowing protector 23
And coordinates detection instrument 24 is rotated in C axis direction and A axis direction.Plumb joint turntable 21 includes that C axis turntable 211 and A axis revolve
Turntable 212, C axis turntable 211 are fixed on Z axis component 14, and C axis turntable 211 is connect with A axis turntable 212, the rotation of C axis
Platform 211 drive A axis turntable 212 C axis direction rotate, A axis turntable 212 drive plumb joint 25, air blowing protector 23 with
And coordinates detection instrument 24 is rotated in A axis direction, therefore the range of the accessible welding region of plumb joint 25 is big.Air blowing protector
23 include air blowing protector ontology 231, for the nozzle 232 for protection of blowing and for the gas hood 233 of jet, and when welding leads to
Enter welding protection gas, gas hood 233 is mounted on air blowing protector ontology 231, and nozzle 232 is mounted on gas hood 233, nozzle
232 and the axis of gas hood 233 be overlapped with the laser beam exported from plumb joint 25.232 outlet pressure of nozzle is adjustable, the gas of outlet
In adfluxion, weld seam molten bath can be directed in closer location and carry out air blowing protection, to the metal vapors compacting effect generated in welding process
Fruit is good, and the uniformity of appearance of weld can be improved and guarantee weld penetration.Gas hood 233 is annular in shape, and gas hood 233 has biggish annular
Jet area, outlet pressure is adjustable, can preferably exclude the air around welding pool, reduce the generation of spatter.In addition,
Gas hood 233 is in the air-flow for remotely spraying homogeneous soft apart from molten bath position, and being conducive to weld fumes, neighboring area is expanded upwards
It dissipates, avoids 6 plate face postwelding black smoke of switchgear from adhering to, 6 postwelding cleannes of switchgear can be improved again while guaranteeing welding quality,
Preferably, laser 3 is optical fiber laser, and optical maser wavelength is 1060~1070nm, and optical fiber core diameter is 200~600 μm, nozzle
232 air blowing bore is 6~8mm, and length is 30~50mm, when nozzle 232 welds height from 6 plate face of switchgear be 6~
15mm, 233 diameter of gas hood are not less than 20mm, with the height of 6 plate face of switchgear are 36~65mm, the protection that nozzle is passed through when welding
Gas be nitrogen or argon gas, pressure be 0.1~0.5MPa, the protection gas that gas hood is passed through be nitrogen or argon gas, pressure be 0.3~
0.7MPa。
In the above-described embodiments, coordinates detection instrument 24 is a kind of precision detection sensor, and outer end is provided with for obtaining
The minor diameter contact for obtaining lathe 1 and 6 contact point spatial value of switchgear detects ball, is connect by mobile machine tool 1 and switchgear 6
The spatial value that can get at contact point is touched, by the way that coordinate value is input to welding main program, it can be achieved that respectively welding to switchgear 6
The accurate welding of seam, welding quality is high, welding deformation is small, and the air-tightness of weld seam is good.
In the above-described embodiments, laser welding apparatus further includes the workbench 4 for placing switchgear 6, and workbench 4 is placed
Welding region in lathe 1 is provided with the frock clamp 41 being used to support with position-sensing switch cabinet 6, frock clamp on workbench 4
41 include supporting block 411 and locating piece 412, and supporting block 411 is mounted on workbench 4, the bottom of locating piece 412 and workbench 4
Connection, the side of locating piece 412 are connect with supporting block 411, and supporting block 411 and locating piece 412 are vertically arranged, locating piece 412
Height is higher than the height of supporting block 411, and support and positioning of the workbench 4 for switchgear 6 in welding avoid switchgear 6 from pacifying
Position deviation is excessive when dress, influences welding positioning.
In the above-described embodiments, laser welding apparatus further includes the guide rail 5 mobile for workbench 4, and workbench 4, which is installed on, leads
On rail 5, workbench 4 can be moved along the length direction of guide rail 5, and the welding region of lathe 1 is passed in and out convenient for switchgear 6 when welding.
As shown in figure 5, the present invention also provides a kind of method of laser welding switchgear, it is split using above-mentioned laser equipment
It closes cabinet 6 to be welded, method for laser welding includes:
S1: the plate to be welded of switchgear 6 is subjected to assembled and spot welding and is fixed；
S2: the switchgear 6 that spot welding fixes is installed on the frock clamp 41 on workbench 4；
S3: workbench 4 is moved along guide rail 5, switchgear 6 is moved to the welding region in lathe 1；
S4: being numbered weld seam starting point each on switchgear 6, intermediate point, end point, welds head assembly 2 by mobile,
Each point spatial value is acquired using coordinates detection instrument 24, the coordinate value input welding main program that will acquire carries out welding track volume
Journey；
S5: starting welding procedure carry out welding track confirmation, if any deviation, then by position coordinate deviate carry out track compared with
Just；
S6: the height between air blowing protector 23 and 6 plate face of switchgear is adjusted；
S7: each welding condition is set；
S8: starting welding procedure carries out laser welding；
S9: observation weld seam effect and welding process stability, return step S5 executes correlation if there is undesirable effect
Operation is until reach ideal welding effect.
S10: the switchgear 6 welded is removed into welding region, the switchgear 6 for replacing next identical size directly initiates weldering
Program is connect to be welded.
This method for laser welding be on the basis of above-mentioned laser welding apparatus, by selecting optical arrangement, technique ginseng
Number modulation, processing step optimization carry out the integral solder of switchgear 6, wherein optical arrangement is the combination of optical device, including is swashed
The interior lens component of optical wavelength, optical fiber core diameter and plumb joint 25.Optical fiber core diameter has different size, by selecting suitable light
The lens set of fibre core diameter and different focal length, can finally exporting from plumb joint 25, there is the laser beam of determining minimum light spot diameter to be used for
Welding.
Technological parameter includes laser power, speed of welding, protective gas pressure, laser spot height.
Preferably, it is 120~150mm that microscope group focal length is collimated inside plumb joint 25, and focusing microscope group focal length is 250~300mm,
Laser power is 4000~6000W, and speed of welding is 1.5~3.5m/min, and laser spot height is 2~10mm.
It in method for laser welding of the invention, is selected by optical arrangement, has found the laser that suitable switchgear 6 welds
Beam spot size；By the optimization of technological parameter, 6 post welding distortion of switchgear can be made smaller, appearance of weld is more beautiful, whole gas
Close property is more preferable；By the optimization of welding step, it can be achieved that the efficient stable of switchgear 6 welds.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of laser welding apparatus, for welding switchgear (6), which is characterized in that including lathe (1), welding head assembly (2)
And laser (3) of the laser beam for welding is generated, the welding head assembly (2) is fixed on the lathe (1), described to swash
Light device (3) and the welding head assembly (2) are electrically connected, and the lathe (1) includes lathe base (11), X-axis component (12), Y
Shaft assembly (13) and Z axis component (14), the X-axis component (12) are installed on the lathe base (11), the Y-axis component
(13) it is installed on the X-axis component (12), the Z axis component (14) is installed on the Y-axis component (13), the plumb joint
Component (2) is installed on the Z axis component (14), and the X-axis component (12) drives the Y-axis component (13) to move along the x axis
Dynamic, the Y-axis component (13) drives the Z axis component (14) to move along the y axis, and can drive Z axis component (14) band
It moves the welding head assembly (2) to move along Z-direction, the welding head assembly (2) includes plumb joint turntable (21), plumb joint
(25), for laser beam to be transmitted to the laser conduction optical fiber (22) of the plumb joint (25) from the laser (3), blows and protects
Protection unit (23) and coordinates detection instrument (24), described laser conduction optical fiber (22) one end connects the laser (3), described to swash
Light conducts optical fiber (22) other end connecting welding head assembly (2), and the plumb joint (25) is fixed on the plumb joint turntable
(21) on, the air blowing protector (23) is coaxially fixed on the plumb joint (25) bottom, the coordinates detection instrument (24)
It is fixed on the plumb joint (25) side, the plumb joint turntable (21) can drive the plumb joint (25), the air blowing to protect
Protection unit (23) and the coordinates detection instrument (24) are rotated in C axis direction and A axis direction.
2. laser welding apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the plumb joint turntable (21) includes the rotation of C axis
Turntable (211) and A axis turntable (212), the C axis turntable (211) are fixed on the Z axis component (14), the C axis rotation
Turntable (211) is connect with the A axis turntable (212), and the C axis turntable (211) drives the A axis turntable (212) in C
Axis direction rotation, the A axis turntable (212) drive the plumb joint (25), the air blowing protector (23) and described
Coordinates detection instrument (24) is rotated in A axis direction.
3. laser welding apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air blowing protector (23) includes blowing to protect
Protection unit ontology (231), for blow protection nozzle (232) and for the gas hood (233) of jet, the gas hood (233)
It is mounted on the air blowing protector ontology (231), the nozzle (232) is mounted on the gas hood (233), the nozzle
(232) it is overlapped with the laser beam of the plumb joint (25) output with the axis of the gas hood (233).
4. laser welding apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the coordinates detection instrument (24) is precision detection biography
Sensor, outer end are provided with the minor diameter contact for obtaining lathe (1) and switchgear (6) contact point spatial value and visit
Survey ball.
5. laser welding apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser welding apparatus further includes for placing
The workbench (4) of switchgear (6), the workbench (4) are placed on the welding region in the lathe (1).
6. laser welding apparatus as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that be provided with and be used to support on the workbench (4)
With the frock clamp (41) of position-sensing switch cabinet (6), the frock clamp (41) includes supporting block (411) and locating piece (412), institute
Supporting block (411) to be stated to be mounted on the workbench (4), the bottom of the locating piece (412) is connect with the workbench (4),
The side of the locating piece (412) is connect with the supporting block (411), and the supporting block (411) and the locating piece (412) hang down
Straight setting, the height of the locating piece (412) are higher than the height of the supporting block (411).
7. laser welding apparatus as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the laser welding apparatus further includes for the work
Make platform (4) mobile guide rail (5), the workbench (4) is installed on the guide rail (5), and the workbench (4) can lead along described
The length direction of rail (5) moves.
8. a kind of method for applying laser welding apparatus welding switchgear as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the weldering
Connect the method for switchgear the following steps are included:
S1: switchgear (6) plate to be welded is subjected to assembled and spot welding and is fixed；
S2: the switchgear (6) that spot welding fixes is installed on the frock clamp (41) on the workbench (4)；
S3: the workbench (4) is mobile along the guide rail (5), switchgear (6) is moved to the welding section in the lathe (1)
Domain；
S4: each weld seam starting point, intermediate point, end point on switchgear (6) are numbered, the movement welding head assembly is passed through
(2), each point spatial value is acquired using the coordinates detection instrument (24), the coordinate value input welding main program that will acquire carries out
Welding track programming；
S5: starting welding procedure carries out welding track confirmation, if any deviation, then deviates position coordinate and carries out track calibration；
S6: the height between the air blowing protector (23) and switchgear (6) plate face is adjusted；
S7: each welding condition is set；
S8: starting welding procedure carries out laser welding；
S9: observation weld seam effect and welding process stability, return step S5 executes relevant operation if there is undesirable effect
Until reaching ideal welding effect；
S10: the switchgear welded (6) are removed into welding region, the switchgear (6) for replacing next identical size directly initiates weldering
Program is connect to be welded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910146034.4A CN109807467A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | A kind of laser welding apparatus and its method for welding switchgear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910146034.4A CN109807467A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | A kind of laser welding apparatus and its method for welding switchgear |
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| CN109807467A true CN109807467A (en) | 2019-05-28 |
Family
ID=66607751
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910146034.4A Pending CN109807467A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | A kind of laser welding apparatus and its method for welding switchgear |
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| CN117123890A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-11-28 | 江苏力天电力装备有限公司 | Welding set is used in looped netowrk case production |
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Application publication date: 20190528 |