CN109793263B - A method for predicting the ventilation rate of cigarettes - Google Patents

A method for predicting the ventilation rate of cigarettes Download PDF

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CN109793263B
CN109793263B CN201910218086.8A CN201910218086A CN109793263B CN 109793263 B CN109793263 B CN 109793263B CN 201910218086 A CN201910218086 A CN 201910218086A CN 109793263 B CN109793263 B CN 109793263B
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cigarette
ventilation rate
air permeability
tipping paper
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何孝强
向虎
王龙
张海超
马捷
吕郑一
孟德盖
段燃
杨涛
李绍臣
刘戈弋
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Hongyunhonghe Tobacco Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种预测卷烟通风率的方法,包括获取卷烟原辅材料特性及卷烟规格数据,根据水松纸的透气度计算卷烟纸通风率和总通风率。根据卷烟吸阻和通风率的检测方法和工艺原理,结合大量不同品牌不同规格卷烟,建立各指标与卷烟原辅材料特性的预测模型,为合理设计烟支结构、根据原料特性选择卷烟材料、控制焦油释放量等提供依据,实现产品设计的可预知性。同时揭示卷烟物理指标与原辅材料之间的内在关系,当实际生产中卷烟物理指标出现问题时,可以根据模型明确问题原因,为质量改进指明方向,避免生产中的盲目性,不断提升卷烟内在品质。The invention relates to a method for predicting the ventilation rate of cigarettes. According to the detection methods and process principles of cigarette draw resistance and ventilation rate, combined with a large number of cigarettes of different brands and different specifications, a prediction model for each index and the characteristics of raw and auxiliary materials of cigarettes is established. The amount of tar released provides the basis to realize the predictability of product design. At the same time, the internal relationship between the physical indicators of cigarettes and raw and auxiliary materials is revealed. When there is a problem with the physical indicators of cigarettes in actual production, the cause of the problem can be clarified according to the model, which can point out the direction for quality improvement, avoid blindness in production, and continuously improve the inherent quality of cigarettes. quality.

Description

Method for predicting cigarette ventilation rate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette processing, in particular to a method for predicting the ventilation rate of cigarettes.
Background
The physical indexes of the cigarette directly reflect the quality of the cigarette, and the physical characteristics of the cigarette which are controlled in the production process of the cigarette mainly comprise weight, circumference, length, ventilation, draw resistance and hardness. Compared with the indexes of weight, circumference and length, the cigarette resistance and ventilation rate are the characteristics of the cigarette which can be most directly felt by a consumer when smoking, if the smoke resistance is too small, the smoke tends to be flat, the smoking is difficult due to too large resistance, the physical quality and the sensory quality of the cigarette are directly influenced by the resistance index, the dissatisfaction of the consumer can be caused by improper design, and therefore, the relation between each physical index of the cigarette and the original auxiliary material is researched, and the effect that the resistance and the ventilation rate of the cigarette are predicted in advance is of great significance to design a qualified cigarette.
In the prior art, when the cigarette resistance and the ventilation rate are predicted, the permeability coefficients of the tobacco shred section and the filter tip section need to be detected, the implementation is relatively difficult for general cigarette production enterprises, the measurement of relevant parameters can be carried out only after the tobacco shred and the filter tip are produced, and certain hysteresis exists in the cigarette design. Other methods for predicting the cigarette resistance and ventilation rate only perform regression modeling on a single cigarette brand, and when the cigarette specification and the characteristics of the raw and auxiliary materials are changed, the application range of the model is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for predicting the ventilation rate of cigarettes, which aims to solve the problems that the prediction of the ventilation rate of the cigarettes in the prior art is difficult to measure due to related parameters, has certain hysteresis relative to the design of the cigarettes, and avoids the blindness of the design of the cigarettes.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of predicting the ventilation rate of a cigarette, comprising the steps of:
1) acquiring the characteristics of raw and auxiliary materials of cigarettes and cigarette specification data;
2) judging the air permeability of the tipping paper, if the air permeability of the tipping paper is 0, firstly calculating the ventilation rate pv of the cigarette paper, and then calculating the total ventilation rate tv, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
pv=-7.78+6.1×10-7×jt×d×l1×pd
tv=pv;
wherein jt represents the air permeability of the cigarette paper, and unit cu; d represents the diameter of the cigarette in mm; l1Indicates the length of the non-mouth cigarette in mm; pd represents the cigarette resistance, unit Pa;
if the air permeability of the tipping paper is not 0, firstly calculating the total ventilation rate tv and then calculating the ventilation rate pv of the cigarette paper, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
tv=-18.09+1.06×fv+0.017×pd+2.6×10-4×jt×d×l1
pv=tv-fv;
wherein fv represents the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter; pd represents the cigarette suction resistance, and the unit Pa and the unit jt represent the air permeability of the cigarette paper and the unit cu; d represents the diameter of the cigarette in mm; l1Indicates the length of the non-tipped cigarette in mm.
The cigarette resistance is obtained through the following steps:
1) obtaining the suction resistance cpd of the closed cigarette, and calculating according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002002695600000021
where ρ is1The density of the tobacco shreds in the cigarette is shown in unit of g/cm3(ii) a tc represents the filling value of the finished cut tobacco in cm3/g;l1Indicates the length of the non-mouth cigarette in mm; r represents the reduction proportion of the filling value of the finished cut tobacco; d represents the diameter of the cigarette in mm; lbpd represents 4 times longer filter rod pressure drop, unit Pa;
2) obtaining the ventilation rate fv of the cigarette filter, and calculating according to the following formula:
fv=(-43.9+1.55×l2-197.3×ρ2+0.53×l1+0.01×st×d)×j,
wherein l2The length of the filter stick is expressed in unit mm; rho2Expressing the density of the filter stick in g/cm3;l1Indicates the length of the non-mouth cigarette in mm; st represents the air permeability of the tipping paperC, positioning cu; j is an indicator variable, and j is 0 when the tipping paper air permeability is 0, and j is 1 when the tipping paper air permeability is not 0;
3) calculating the difference value er between the suction resistance of the cigarette in the open suction and the suction resistance of the cigarette in the closed suction according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002002695600000031
wherein, 1 represents the length of the cigarette in mm; fv represents the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter; d represents the diameter of the cigarette in mm; j is an indicator variable, and j is 0 when the tipping paper air permeability is 0, and j is 1 when the tipping paper air permeability is not 0;
4) calculating the cigarette suction resistance pd according to the following formula:
pd=cpd-er。
the characteristics of the raw and auxiliary materials of the cigarette and the cigarette specification data comprise finished tobacco filling value, filter stick suction resistance, cigarette paper air permeability, tipping paper air permeability, cigarette length, cigarette circumference and filter stick length.
The finished tobacco filling value takes the cigarette brand filling value of similar tobacco group formulas and the same tobacco processing equipment as an empirical value.
The tipping paper comprises perforated tipping paper and non-perforated tipping paper.
When the tipping paper is not punched, the air permeability of the tipping paper is set to be 0, and the ventilation rate of the filter tip is set to be 0.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the technical scheme, according to the detection method and the process principle of the cigarette suction resistance and the ventilation rate, a prediction model of each index and the characteristics of the raw and auxiliary materials of the cigarette is established by combining a large number of cigarettes of different brands and different specifications, a basis is provided for reasonably designing the cigarette structure, selecting the cigarette material according to the characteristics of the raw material, controlling the release amount of tar and the like, and the predictability of product design is realized.
Meanwhile, the internal relation between the cigarette physical indexes and the original auxiliary materials is disclosed, when the cigarette physical indexes have problems in actual production, the problem reasons can be determined according to the model, the direction is indicated for quality improvement, the blindness in production is avoided, and the internal quality of the cigarettes is continuously improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below by examples, and the following examples are only exemplary and can be used only for explaining and explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, but not construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present invention.
The technical scheme provides a method for predicting the ventilation rate of cigarettes, which comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring the characteristics of the raw and auxiliary materials of the cigarette and the specification of the cigarette, wherein the characteristics comprise finished tobacco shred filling values, filter stick suction resistance, cigarette paper air permeability, tipping paper air permeability, cigarette length, cigarette circumference, filter stick length and filter stick weight, and the finished tobacco shred filling values take similar tobacco leaf group formulas and cigarette brand filling values of the same tobacco shred processing equipment as experience values; the following assumptions were made in establishing the prediction model: the tipping paper comprises perforated tipping paper and non-perforated tipping paper; when the tipping paper is not perforated, it is considered that its air permeability is approximately 0 and the filter ventilation rate is 0.
2) Judging the air permeability of the tipping paper, if the air permeability of the tipping paper is 0, firstly calculating the ventilation rate pv of the cigarette paper, and then calculating the total ventilation rate tv, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
pv=-7.78+6.1×10-7×jt×d×l1×pd
tv=pv;
wherein jt represents the air permeability of the cigarette paper, and unit cu; d represents the diameter of the cigarette in mm; l1Indicates the length of the non-mouth cigarette in mm; pd represents the cigarette resistance, unit Pa;
if the air permeability of the tipping paper is not 0, firstly calculating the total ventilation rate tv and then calculating the ventilation rate pv of the cigarette paper, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
tv=-18.09+1.06×fv+0.017×pd+2.6×10-4×jt×d×l1
pv=tv-fv;
wherein fv represents the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter; pd represents the cigarette suction resistance, and the unit Pa and the unit jt represent the air permeability of the cigarette paper and the unit cu; d represents the diameter of the cigarette in mm; l1Indicating the length of a non-tipping cigaretteBit mm.
The cigarette resistance is obtained by the following steps:
1) calculating the smoking resistance cpd of the closed cigarette (the smoking resistance of the cigarette measured by the closed filter section), and the unit Pa: the cigarette cut-off is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002002695600000051
in the formula, ρ1The density of the tobacco shreds in the cigarette is shown in unit of g/cm3(ii) a tc represents the filling value of the finished cut tobacco in cm3/g;l1Indicates the length of the non-mouth cigarette in mm; r represents the reduction proportion of the filling value of the finished cut tobacco; d represents the diameter of the cigarette in mm; lbpd represents 4 times longer filter rod pressure drop in Pa.
2) Calculating the ventilation rate fv of the cigarette filter: calculating the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter according to the following formula:
fv=(-43.9+1.55×l2-197.3×ρ2+0.53×l1+0.01×st×d)×j
in the formula I2The length of the filter stick is expressed in unit mm; rho2Expressing the density of the filter stick in g/cm3;l1Indicates the length of the non-mouth cigarette in mm; st represents the air permeability of the tipping paper, unit cu; j is an indicator variable, and j is 0 when the tipping paper is not perforated (air permeability is approximately 0) and 1 when the tipping paper is not 0.
3) Calculating the difference er between the suction resistance of the cigarette in the opening process and the suction resistance of the cigarette in the closing process, wherein the unit is Pa: the cigarette open-draw is measured at a base open cigarette filter segment where the cigarette is measured to be closed, so that the difference between the open-draw and closed-draw is related to the filter ventilation rate, and the filter ventilation rate is used to predict the difference:
Figure BDA0002002695600000052
in the formula: l represents the length of the cigarette in mm; fv represents the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter; d represents the diameter of the cigarette in mm; j is an indication variable, and j is 0 when the tipping paper is not perforated, and j is 1 when the air permeability of the tipping paper is not 0.
4) Calculating the cigarette resistance: the cigarette resistance was calculated as follows:
pd=cpd-er
in the formula: pd represents the cigarette resistance, unit Pa; cpd represents the suction resistance of the closed cigarette, and the unit Pa; and er represents the difference between the suction resistance of the cigarette when the cigarette is opened and the suction resistance of the cigarette when the cigarette is closed, and the unit is Pa.
Example 1
The design standard of part indexes and the characteristics of raw and auxiliary materials of a certain brand of cigarettes are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 cigarette index design criteria and raw and auxiliary material characteristics
Figure BDA0002002695600000061
(1) Calculating the resistance of the cigarette to closed draw (the resistance of the cigarette measured at the closed filter section):
Figure BDA0002002695600000062
(2) calculating the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter: calculating the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter according to the following formula:
fv=(-43.9+1.55×l2-197.3×ρ2+0.53×l1+0.01×st×d)×j=-43.9+1.55×30-197.3×0.16+0.53×54+0.01×280×7.72=22.8%
(3) calculating the difference value between the suction resistance of the cigarette in the open state and the suction resistance of the cigarette in the closed state:
Figure BDA0002002695600000071
(4) calculating the cigarette resistance: the cigarette resistance was calculated as follows:
pd=cpd-er=1210.6-176.6=1034Pa。
(5) calculating the ventilation rate and the total ventilation rate of the cigarette paper:
when the air permeability of the tipping paper is not 0, the total ventilation rate is calculated firstly, and then the ventilation rate of the tipping paper is calculated, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
tv=-18.09+1.06×fv+0.017×pd+2.6×10-4×jt×d×l1=-18.09+1.06×22.8+0.017×1034+2.6×10-4×60×7.72×54=30.2%
pv=tv-fv=30.2-22.8=7.4%。
the predicted results were compared to the actual results as shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 comparison of measured and predicted results
Index (I) Measured in fact Prediction Relative error%
Suction resistance Pa 1044 1034 0.96
Total ventilation rate% 27.4 30.2 10.22
As can be seen from Table 2, the method can better predict the ventilation rate of the cigarette according to the design index of the cigarette and the specification of related raw and auxiliary materials.
Example 2
In order to further verify the prediction effect of the invention, cigarettes with different specifications and brands are selected for prediction and compared with the actual measurement result, and the result is as follows:
TABLE 3 cigarette design index and raw and auxiliary material characteristics
Figure BDA0002002695600000081
Figure BDA0002002695600000091
TABLE 4 comparison of predicted results and actual results
Figure BDA0002002695600000092
Figure BDA0002002695600000101
According to the prediction results of the physical indexes of the cigarettes of different brands and different specifications, the maximum error of the suction resistance is 84Pa, the average absolute error is 33Pa, the average relative error is 2.68%, the average relative error of the total ventilation rate is 10.66%, and the prediction results are ideal.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1.一种预测卷烟通风率的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1. a method for predicting cigarette ventilation rate, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1)获取卷烟原辅材料特性及卷烟规格数据;1) Obtain cigarette raw and auxiliary material characteristics and cigarette specification data; 2)判断水松纸的透气度,若所述水松纸的透气度为0时,先计算卷烟纸通风率pv,再计算总通风率tv,计算公式为:2) Judging the air permeability of the tipping paper, if the air permeability of the tipping paper is 0, first calculate the ventilation rate pv of the cigarette paper, then calculate the total ventilation rate tv, and the calculation formula is: pv=-7.78+6.1×10-7×jt×d×l1×pdpv=-7.78+6.1× 10-7 ×jt×d×l 1 ×pd tv=pv;tv = pv; 其中,jt表示卷烟纸透气度,单位cu;d表示烟支直径,单位mm;l1表示无嘴烟支长度,单位mm;pd表示卷烟吸阻,单位Pa;Among them, jt is the air permeability of the cigarette paper, the unit is cu; d is the diameter of the cigarette, the unit is mm; l 1 is the length of the mouthless cigarette, the unit is mm; pd is the smoking resistance of the cigarette, the unit is Pa; 若所述水松纸的透气度不为0时,先计算总通风率tv,再计算卷烟纸通风率pv,计算公式为:If the air permeability of the tipping paper is not 0, first calculate the total ventilation rate tv, and then calculate the ventilation rate pv of the cigarette paper. The calculation formula is: tv=-18.09+1.06×fv+0.017×pd+2.6×10-4×jt×d×l1 tv=-18.09+1.06×fv+0.017×pd+2.6×10 -4 ×jt×d×l 1 pv=tv-fv;pv=tv-fv; 其中,fv表示卷烟滤嘴通风率;pd表示卷烟吸阻,单位Pa,jt表示卷烟纸透气度,单位cu;d表示烟支直径,单位mm;l1表示无嘴烟支长度,单位mm;Among them, fv represents the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter; pd represents the suction resistance of the cigarette, the unit Pa, jt represents the air permeability of the cigarette paper, the unit cu; d represents the diameter of the cigarette, the unit mm; l 1 represents the length of the mouthless cigarette, the unit mm; 所述卷烟吸阻通过以下步骤获取:The smoking resistance of the cigarette is obtained through the following steps: 1)获取卷烟闭吸的吸阻cpd,按下式计算:1) Obtain the suction resistance cpd of cigarette closed smoking, and calculate it as follows:
Figure FDA0002982627030000011
Figure FDA0002982627030000011
其中,ρ1表示烟支内烟丝密度,单位g/cm3;tc表示成品烟丝填充值,单位cm3/g;l1表示无嘴烟支长度,单位mm;r表示成品烟丝填充值降低比例;d表示烟支直径,单位mm;lbpd表示4倍长滤棒压降,单位Pa;Among them, ρ 1 represents the density of the shredded tobacco in the cigarette, in g/cm 3 ; tc represents the filling value of the finished shredded tobacco, in cm 3 /g; l 1 represents the length of the mouthless cigarette, in mm; r represents the reduction ratio of the filling value of the finished shredded tobacco ; d represents the diameter of the cigarette, in mm; lbpd represents the pressure drop of 4 times the length of the filter rod, in Pa; 2)获取卷烟滤嘴通风率fv,按下式计算:2) Obtain the ventilation rate fv of the cigarette filter tip, and calculate it as follows: fv=(-43.9+1.55×l2-197.3×ρ2+0.53×l1+0.01×st×d)×j,fv=(-43.9+1.55×l 2 -197.3×ρ 2 +0.53×l 1 +0.01×st×d)×j, 其中,l2表示滤棒长度,单位mm;ρ2表示滤棒密度,单位g/cm3;l1表示无嘴烟支长度,单位mm;st表示水松纸透气度,单位cu;j为指示变量,当水松纸透气度为0时,j=0,当水松纸透气度不为0时,j=1;Among them, l 2 represents the length of the filter rod, in mm; ρ 2 represents the density of the filter rod, in g/cm 3 ; l 1 represents the length of the mouthless cigarette, in mm; st represents the air permeability of tipping paper, in cu; j is the Indicator variable, when the air permeability of tipping paper is 0, j=0, when the air permeability of tipping paper is not 0, j=1; 3)计算卷烟开吸的吸阻与卷烟闭吸的吸阻之间的差值er,按下式计算:3) Calculate the difference er between the suction resistance of the cigarette open and the suction resistance of the cigarette closed, and calculate as follows:
Figure FDA0002982627030000021
Figure FDA0002982627030000021
其中,l表示烟支长度,单位mm;fv表示卷烟滤嘴通风率;d表示烟支直径,单位mm;j为指示变量,当水松纸透气度为0时,j=0,当水松纸透气度不为0时,j=1;Among them, l is the length of the cigarette, the unit is mm; fv is the ventilation rate of the cigarette filter; d is the diameter of the cigarette, the unit is mm; j is the indicator variable, when the air permeability of the tipping paper is 0, j=0, when the tipping paper is When the air permeability of the paper is not 0, j=1; 4)计算卷烟吸阻pd,按下式计算:4) Calculate the pd of the cigarette smoking resistance, and calculate it as follows: pd=cpd-er。pd=cpd-er.
2.根据权利要求1所述的预测卷烟通风率的方法,其特征在于,所述卷烟原辅材料特性及卷烟规格数据包括成品烟丝填充值、滤棒吸阻、卷烟纸透气度、接装纸透气度、卷烟长度、卷烟圆周及滤棒长度。2. The method for predicting the ventilation rate of cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein the characteristics of the raw and auxiliary materials of the cigarette and the cigarette specification data include the filling value of the finished tobacco, the suction resistance of the filter rod, the air permeability of the cigarette paper, the tipping paper Air permeability, cigarette length, cigarette circumference and filter rod length. 3.根据权利要求2所述的预测卷烟通风率的方法,其特征在于,所述成品烟丝填充值以相近叶组配方和相同烟丝加工设备的卷烟品牌填充值为经验值。3. The method for predicting ventilation rate of cigarettes according to claim 2, wherein the filling value of the finished cut tobacco is an empirical value with the filling value of the cigarette brand of the similar leaf group formula and the same cutting tobacco processing equipment. 4.根据权利要求1所述的预测卷烟通风率的方法,其特征在于,所述水松纸包括打孔水松纸和不打孔水松纸。4. The method for predicting ventilation rate of cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein the tipping paper comprises perforated tipping paper and non-perforated tipping paper. 5.根据权利要求4所述的预测卷烟通风率的方法,其特征在于,所述水松纸不打孔时,设定其透气度为0,滤嘴通风率为0。5 . The method for predicting the ventilation rate of cigarettes according to claim 4 , wherein when the tipping paper is not perforated, the air permeability is set to 0, and the ventilation rate of the filter tip is 0. 6 .
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