CN109793256B - Low-irritation tobacco sheet and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Low-irritation tobacco sheet and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-irritation tobacco sheet and a preparation process thereof, wherein tobacco stems and tobacco powder are separately treated and are treated step by step, the treated tobacco stems and tobacco powder are subjected to ultrasonic treatment in a treatment solution, and finally, substances such as starch, pectin, protein and the like in the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder are further treated by enzyme, so that the low-irritation tobacco sheet is obtained. According to the invention, the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder are placed in the treatment liquid for ultrasonic treatment, so that hydrogen bonds of cellulose are destroyed, the binding force among cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is reduced, the subsequent pulping is facilitated, meanwhile, the dispersion of enzyme in the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder fiber is facilitated, and the enzyme treatment efficiency is improved; the removal efficiency of pectin in tobacco stems and tobacco powder can be improved through water-soluble salting out and enzyme treatment, the irritation of cigarettes is reduced, and the smoking flavor of the cigarettes is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco sheet production, and particularly relates to a low-irritation tobacco sheet and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The cigarette can produce a large amount of tobacco stems and tobacco leaf fragments in the production process, the mass of the tobacco stems accounts for about 25% -30% of the mass of the tobacco, and tens of thousands of tons of tobacco in the tobacco industry are abandoned every year, so that the tobacco stems, the tobacco leaf fragments, tobacco powder and the like are used as raw materials by people, the tobacco sheets are formed by processing through a paper making method, the tobacco sheets are filled into the cigarette, the waste of the raw materials in the tobacco industry is greatly reduced, the production cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the structure and the chemical composition of the tobacco sheets can be changed to achieve the purpose of improving the product quality.
In the prior art, the production method of tobacco sheets is mainly a paper making method, and specifically, tobacco stems and tobacco powder are extracted in water, soluble substances in the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder are transferred to the water for solid-liquid separation, the solid part is made into paper bases after pulping, the liquid part is coated on the paper bases after concentration, and the tobacco sheets are obtained after drying. However, the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder contain a large amount of pectin, so that on one hand, the materials are hard and crisp and are not easy to fiberize during pulping, and in order to enable the raw materials to meet the paper making requirements, prolong the fiberization time and improve the power, a large amount of fine fibers are generated, so that the paper base yield is reduced; on the other hand, the large amount of residual pectin can affect the smoking taste of the cigarette, so that the cigarette has obvious pungent taste. How to reduce the pectin content in tobacco stems and tobacco powder and improve the quality of tobacco sheets is a problem to be solved in the tobacco industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a low-irritation tobacco sheet and a preparation process thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a low-irritation tobacco sheet specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, adding tobacco stems into deionized water for soaking extraction, wherein the soaking extraction is carried out in two steps, liquid phases obtained by the first extraction and the second extraction are filtered and mixed to obtain a first extraction liquid, and the residual tobacco stems are reserved; the specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding tobacco stems into deionized water at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, carrying out infiltration treatment for 25-35min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; then adding the solid phase obtained by the first extraction into deionized water at 65-70 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, carrying out infiltration treatment for 60-100min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation again; and filtering the liquid phases obtained by the two extractions, and mixing to obtain a first extraction liquid, wherein the residual tobacco stems are reserved. The primary high-temperature extraction can extract most of the water-soluble substances in the tobacco stems, and the secondary extraction can extract the water-soluble substances in the tobacco stems for a long time at a lower temperature, so that the water-soluble substances in the tobacco stems are further extracted. Meanwhile, by reducing the treatment temperature and prolonging the treatment time, the plant fibers of the tobacco stems can be prevented from being seriously damaged, and the pulping quality is improved.
Step two, adding the tobacco powder into deionized water for infiltration extraction, wherein the infiltration extraction is carried out in two steps, liquid phases obtained by the first extraction and the second extraction are filtered and mixed to obtain a second extraction liquid, and the residual tobacco powder is reserved; the specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding tobacco powder into deionized water at the temperature of 70-75 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, carrying out infiltration treatment for 20-25min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; then adding the solid phase obtained by the first extraction into deionized water at 65-70 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, performing infiltration treatment for 40-50min, and performing solid-liquid separation again; filtering the liquid phases obtained by the two extractions, and mixing to obtain a second extract, wherein the residual tobacco powder is reserved.
Step three, cooling the residual tobacco stems in the step one to be lower than 30 ℃, adding the tobacco stems into an acetic acid aqueous solution with the pH value of 5-5.5 and the temperature of 60-80 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-50min, and filtering after the treatment is finished to obtain the tobacco stems to be used. In the process, part of hemicellulose can be hydrolyzed into monosaccharide through dilute acid treatment and then enters the treatment liquid, hydrogen bonds of cellulose can be broken through ultrasonic treatment, and the bonding force among the cellulose, the hemicellulose and lignin is reduced.
Step four, cooling the residual tobacco powder in the step two to be lower than 30 ℃, adding the tobacco powder into an acetic acid water solution with the pH value of 5-5.5 and the temperature of 60-80 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-25min, and filtering after the treatment is finished to obtain the tobacco powder for later use. Because the tobacco powder is a baked tobacco raw material, the processing time is not suitable to be too long, otherwise the materials in the hemicellulose and the cellulose are easily seriously damaged, and the pulping quality is adversely affected.
Step five, uniformly mixing the tobacco stems to be used obtained in the step three and the tobacco powder to be used (wherein the mass ratio of the tobacco stems to be used to the tobacco powder to be used is 2-3.5:1), adding the mixture into deionized water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5-7, soaking for 15-30min, and filtering after soaking to obtain a tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture; the temperature of the deionized water is kept between 25 and 35 ℃ in the soaking process, the pH value of the deionized water is monitored in the soaking process, and the pH value of the deionized water is stabilized within the range of 7 to 8 by adding calcium bicarbonate. The process can remove acetic acid in the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder, prevents the influence of a large amount of acetic acid on the smoking taste of the cigarettes, and simultaneously, the reaction of the acetic acid and the calcium bicarbonate in the process can generate calcium acetate which is used as a flavoring agent and can bring positive influence on the smoking taste of the cigarettes.
Or uniformly mixing the tobacco stems to be used obtained in the step three and the tobacco powder to be used (wherein the mass ratio of the tobacco stems to be used to the tobacco powder to be used is 2-3.5:1), washing by flowing deionized water, and then filtering to obtain a tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture. The process can be simplified by washing with deionized water, calcium bicarbonate does not need to be added or the water temperature is not controlled, but the method has high water consumption and can improve the production cost to a certain extent.
Step six, adjusting the temperature of the deionized water to 35-39 ℃, adding the complex enzyme into the deionized water, then adding the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture obtained in the step five according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5-7, and treating for 100-160 min; after the treatment is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid-phase pulping raw material and a liquid-phase third extracting solution; further, the mass ratio of the complex enzyme to the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture is 0.5-1.3:100, and the complex enzyme is a mixture of 25-30 parts by weight of protease, 15-20 parts by weight of pectinase and 40-50 parts by weight of amylase. The step can further remove protein, starch and pectin in the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture. Since most of the pectin has been removed in the previous step, the amount of pectinase used can be suitably reduced.
Step seven, pulping and manufacturing the pulping raw materials obtained in the step six to obtain tobacco sheet paper base;
step eight, uniformly mixing the first extract obtained in the step one, the second extract obtained in the step two and the third extract obtained in the step six (the first extract and the second extract are respectively extracted from tobacco stems and tobacco powder, and the active ingredients in the extracts are the same, so that the first extract, the second extract and the third extract can be mixed in any proportion, in one embodiment of the invention, the volume ratio of the first extract to the second extract to the third extract is 5:5:5-7), adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 5-5.5, adding calcium bicarbonate until no precipitate is generated, wherein the precipitate is generated by the reaction of calcium bicarbonate and pectin, and filtering to obtain a mixed extract; and (4) concentrating the mixed extracting solution to obtain a coating liquid, uniformly coating the coating liquid on the tobacco sheet paper base obtained in the step seven, and drying to obtain the tobacco sheet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder are placed in the treatment solution (acetic acid aqueous solution) for ultrasonic treatment, so that hydrogen bonds of cellulose are destroyed, the binding force among cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is reduced, the later-stage pulping cost control is facilitated, the pulping quality is improved, and the utilization rate of the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder is improved.
2. According to the invention, the mixed extraction liquid is adjusted to a weak acid environment, calcium bicarbonate is added to enable calcium ions to react with pectin to generate precipitates, and then enzyme treatment is carried out to improve the removal efficiency of pectin in tobacco stems and tobacco powder, reduce the irritation of cigarettes and improve the smoking taste of cigarettes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation process of a low-irritation tobacco sheet specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, adding tobacco stems into deionized water for soaking and extracting, wherein the soaking and extracting are carried out in two steps: firstly, adding tobacco stems into deionized water at the temperature of 80 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, carrying out infiltration treatment for 25min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; then adding the solid phase obtained by the first extraction into deionized water at 65 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, carrying out infiltration treatment for 70min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation again; and filtering the liquid phases obtained by the two extractions, and mixing to obtain a first extraction liquid, wherein the residual tobacco stems are reserved.
Step two, adding the tobacco powder into deionized water for infiltration extraction, wherein the infiltration extraction is carried out by two steps: firstly, adding tobacco powder into deionized water at the temperature of 70 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, carrying out infiltration treatment for 20min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; then adding the solid phase obtained by the first extraction into deionized water at 65 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, performing infiltration treatment for 45min, and performing solid-liquid separation again; filtering the liquid phases obtained by the two extractions, and mixing to obtain a second extract, wherein the residual tobacco powder is reserved.
And step three, cooling the residual tobacco stems in the step one to be lower than 30 ℃, adding the tobacco stems into an acetic acid aqueous solution with the pH value of 5 and the temperature of 75 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25min, and filtering after the treatment is finished to obtain the tobacco stems to be used.
And step four, cooling the residual tobacco powder in the step two to be lower than 30 ℃, adding the tobacco powder into an acetic acid aqueous solution with the pH value of 5 and the temperature of 65 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and filtering after the treatment is finished to obtain the tobacco powder for later use.
Step five, uniformly mixing the tobacco stems to be used obtained in the step three and the tobacco powder to be used (wherein the mass ratio of the tobacco stems to be used to the tobacco powder to be used is 2:1), adding the mixture into deionized water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, soaking for 25min, and filtering after soaking to obtain a tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture; the temperature of the deionized water is kept at 30 ℃ in the soaking process, the pH value of the deionized water is monitored in the soaking process, and the pH value of the deionized water is stabilized at 7.5 by adding calcium bicarbonate.
Step six, adjusting the temperature of the deionized water to 37 ℃, adding a complex enzyme into the deionized water, then adding the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture obtained in the step five according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, and treating for 140 min; after the treatment is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid-phase pulping raw material and a liquid-phase third extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the complex enzyme to the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture is 0.8:100, and the complex enzyme is a mixture of 25 parts by weight of protease, 15 parts by weight of pectinase and 45 parts by weight of amylase.
Step seven, pulping and manufacturing the pulping raw materials obtained in the step six to obtain tobacco sheet paper base;
step eight, uniformly mixing the first extract obtained in the step one, the second extract obtained in the step two and the third extract obtained in the step six (wherein the volume ratio of the first extract to the second extract to the third extract is 5:5:5), adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 5, adding calcium bicarbonate until no precipitate is generated, reacting the calcium bicarbonate with pectin to generate a precipitate, and filtering to obtain a mixed extract; and (4) concentrating the mixed extracting solution to obtain a coating liquid, uniformly coating the coating liquid on the tobacco sheet paper base obtained in the step seven, and drying to obtain the tobacco sheet.
Example 2
A preparation process of a low-irritation tobacco sheet specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, adding tobacco stems into deionized water for soaking and extracting, wherein the soaking and extracting are carried out in two steps: firstly, adding tobacco stems into deionized water at the temperature of 80 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, carrying out infiltration treatment for 35min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; then adding the solid phase obtained by the first extraction into deionized water at 65 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, carrying out infiltration treatment for 60min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation again; and filtering the liquid phases obtained by the two extractions, and mixing to obtain a first extraction liquid, wherein the residual tobacco stems are reserved.
Step two, adding the tobacco powder into deionized water for infiltration extraction, wherein the infiltration extraction is carried out by two steps: firstly, adding tobacco powder into deionized water at the temperature of 75 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, carrying out infiltration treatment for 25min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; then adding the solid phase obtained by the first extraction into deionized water at 65 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, carrying out infiltration treatment for 40min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation again; filtering the liquid phases obtained by the two extractions, and mixing to obtain a second extract, wherein the residual tobacco powder is reserved.
And step three, cooling the residual tobacco stems in the step one to be lower than 30 ℃, adding the tobacco stems into an acetic acid aqueous solution with the pH value of 5 and the temperature of 80 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and filtering after the treatment is finished to obtain the tobacco stems to be used.
And step four, cooling the residual tobacco powder in the step two to be lower than 30 ℃, adding the tobacco powder into an acetic acid aqueous solution with the pH value of 5 and the temperature of 65 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min, and filtering after the treatment is finished to obtain the tobacco powder for later use.
Step five, uniformly mixing the tobacco stems to be used obtained in the step three and the tobacco powder to be used (wherein the mass ratio of the tobacco stems to be used to the tobacco powder to be used is 3.5:1), adding the mixture into deionized water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, soaking for 20min, and filtering after soaking to obtain a tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture; the temperature of the deionized water is kept at 35 ℃ in the soaking process, the pH value of the deionized water is monitored in the soaking process, and the pH value of the deionized water is stabilized at 7.5 by adding calcium bicarbonate.
Step six, adjusting the temperature of the deionized water to 37 ℃, adding a complex enzyme into the deionized water, then adding the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture obtained in the step five according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, and treating for 120 min; after the treatment is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid-phase pulping raw material and a liquid-phase third extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the complex enzyme to the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture is 0.5:100, and the complex enzyme is a mixture of 30 parts by weight of protease, 15 parts by weight of pectinase and 40 parts by weight of amylase.
Step seven, pulping and manufacturing the pulping raw materials obtained in the step six to obtain tobacco sheet paper base;
step eight, uniformly mixing the first extract obtained in the step one, the second extract obtained in the step two and the third extract obtained in the step six (wherein the volume ratio of the first extract to the second extract to the third extract is 5:5:7), adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 5.5, adding calcium bicarbonate until no precipitate is generated, reacting the calcium bicarbonate with pectin to generate a precipitate, and filtering to obtain a mixed extract; and (4) concentrating the mixed extracting solution to obtain a coating liquid, uniformly coating the coating liquid on the tobacco sheet paper base obtained in the step seven, and drying to obtain the tobacco sheet.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is that the third step and the fourth step are not carried out, namely the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder are not subjected to ultrasonic treatment in the treatment solution;
comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that step six, i.e. the step of enzyme treatment of the tobacco stem offal mixture obtained in step five, is not carried out, and it is directly used as pulping raw material.
The results of the performance tests of the tobacco sheets obtained in the examples are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Detecting items | Beating time (min) | Paper base yield (%) | Pungent sensation of thorns |
| Example 1 | 65 | 56.4 | Has no pungency |
| Comparative example 1 | 75 | 52.8 | Has weak pungent and pungent taste |
| Comparative example 2 | 65 | 56.6 | Has obvious pungent and pungent taste |
| Example 2 | 68 | 57.1 | Has no pungency |
The table shows that the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder are placed in the acetic acid aqueous solution for ultrasonic treatment, the pulping quality can be improved, the utilization rate of the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder is improved, meanwhile, calcium bicarbonate is added in the mixed extraction liquid by adjusting the mixed extraction liquid to be in a weak acid environment, calcium ions react with pectin to generate precipitates, the pectin removal efficiency of the tobacco stems and the tobacco powder can be improved through enzyme treatment, the irritation of cigarettes can be effectively reduced, and the smoking taste of the cigarettes is improved. Meanwhile, the use amount of tobacco stems in the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture is increased, so that the paper base yield can be increased.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation process of low-irritation tobacco sheets is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, adding tobacco stems into deionized water at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, carrying out infiltration treatment for 25-35min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; then adding the solid phase obtained by the first extraction into deionized water at 65-70 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, carrying out infiltration treatment for 60-100min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation again; filtering the liquid phase obtained by the two extractions, and mixing to obtain a first extraction liquid and the residual tobacco stems for later use;
step two, firstly, adding the tobacco powder into deionized water with the temperature of 70-75 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, carrying out infiltration treatment for 20-25min, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; then adding the solid phase obtained by the first extraction into deionized water at 65-70 ℃ according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, performing infiltration treatment for 40-50min, and performing solid-liquid separation again; filtering the liquid phases obtained by the two extractions, and mixing to obtain a second extract liquid, wherein the residual tobacco powder is reserved;
step three, cooling the residual tobacco stems in the step one to be lower than 30 ℃, adding the tobacco stems into an acetic acid aqueous solution with the pH value of 5-5.5 and the temperature of 60-80 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-50min, and filtering after the treatment is finished to obtain the tobacco stems to be used;
step four, cooling the residual tobacco powder in the step two to be lower than 30 ℃, adding the tobacco powder into an acetic acid aqueous solution with the pH value of 5-5.5 and the temperature of 60-80 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-25min, and filtering after the treatment is finished to obtain the tobacco powder for later use;
step five, uniformly mixing the tobacco stems to be used obtained in the step three and the tobacco powder to be used according to the mass ratio of 2-3.5:1, adding the mixture into deionized water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5-7, soaking for 15-30min, and filtering after soaking to obtain a tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture; keeping the temperature of the deionized water at 25-35 ℃ in the soaking process, and stabilizing the pH value of the deionized water within the range of 7-8 by adding calcium bicarbonate in the soaking process;
or uniformly mixing the tobacco stems to be used obtained in the step three and the tobacco powder to be used, washing the mixture by flowing deionized water, and then filtering the mixture to obtain a tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture;
step six, adjusting the temperature of the deionized water to 35-39 ℃, adding the complex enzyme into the deionized water, then adding the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture obtained in the step five according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5-7, and treating for 100-160 min; after the treatment is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid-phase pulping raw material and a liquid-phase third extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the complex enzyme to the tobacco stem and tobacco powder mixture is 0.5-1.3:100, and the complex enzyme is a mixture of 25-30 parts by weight of protease, 15-20 parts by weight of pectinase and 40-50 parts by weight of amylase;
step seven, pulping and manufacturing the pulping raw materials obtained in the step six to obtain a tobacco sheet paper base;
step eight, uniformly mixing the first extract obtained in the step one, the second extract obtained in the step two and the third extract obtained in the step six, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 5-5.5, adding calcium bicarbonate until no precipitate is generated, wherein the precipitate is generated by the reaction of calcium bicarbonate and pectin, and filtering to obtain a mixed extract; and (4) concentrating the mixed extracting solution to obtain a coating liquid, uniformly coating the coating liquid on the tobacco sheet paper base obtained in the step seven, and drying to obtain the tobacco sheet.
2. A low-irritation tobacco sheet characterized by: the tobacco sheet is prepared according to the preparation process of claim 1.
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| CN101438852A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-05-27 | 华宝食用香精香料（上海）有限公司 | Technique for preparing thin slice of tobacco and prepared thin slice of tobacco |
| CN103061186A (en) * | 2011-10-22 | 2013-04-24 | 秦才东 | Treatment method for pulping black liquid and application method for product of pulping black liquid |
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