CN109793019B - Plant source repellent for Holotrichia parallela and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant source repellent for Holotrichia parallela and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plant source repellent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1-45% of wheat straw ethanol extraction dry powder, 10-30% of solvent, 5-10% of emulsifier, 0.1-1.5% of defoaming agent, 0.3-5% of other auxiliary agents and the balance of water. The preparation is an aqueous emulsion, has small organic solvent dosage, is environment-friendly, is a nuisance-free botanical pesticide, has easily obtained raw materials, rich resources and low cost, changes waste into valuable, and comprehensively utilizes wheat straw resources; the invention has lower requirements on processing equipment, simple processing technology and good popularization prospect. The invention can be used for repelling, preventing and treating fruit trees and forest scarab beetles. High repellent activity, environmental protection, difficult generation of resistance and the like.

Description

Plant source repellent for Holotrichia parallela and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of plant-derived pesticides, and particularly relates to a plant-derived repellent for Holotrichia parallela and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The Holotrichia parallela, also known as velvet chafer, oriental chafer and Holotrichia parallela belongs to Coleoptera, the Holotrichia parallela family, is a multi-host pest, and is eaten by most fruit tree varieties in northern China, such as apple, pear, cherry, hawthorn, peach and the like. The adult insects are mainly used for eating tender leaves and tender buds of fruit trees, so that the damage to newly developed orchards, particularly to northern China plain, loess plateau and other areas is serious, and the damage to young trees is often serious. According to earlier investigation, in apple gardens, pear gardens and cherry gardens newly developed in Shandong plain areas, Shanxi Lu Liang shan areas and loess plateau gully areas, the Holotrichia diomphalia Bates cause 80-100% of damage to young tree leaves, wherein 30-70% of young leaves of seedlings are all eaten and only stems are left, and the survival rate of newly planted seedlings and the growth of the seedlings in the earlier period are seriously influenced. At present, the main control means are means such as spray control, trapping and killing, and the like, but the spray control hardly achieves good control effect due to the biological characteristics of daytime and night emergence. Past researches show that the soil control has good control effect on Holotrichia parallela, but the control effect of the soil is not obvious along with the prohibition of organic phosphorus and organic chlorine.

Wheat is one of the most important grain crops in China, and is planted in large quantities in the north of China, so that the straw biomass is large. Therefore, the resource of the wheat straw can provide sufficient guarantee for large-scale development and utilization. Wheat straw is currently used mainly as a fuel and paper making material. The prior literature data is consulted to show that the intercropping wheat in the orchard can repel the Holotrichia parallela, but because the young fruit trees require large fertilizer and water, the intercropping wheat not only can influence the growth of the young fruit trees, but also can influence the field operation of the orchard. Further retrieval shows that no research report of the wheat straw extract on repelling the Holotrichia parallela is found, and no related patent publication is found.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the plant-derived repellent for the Holotrichia parallela and the preparation method thereof, and the obtained plant-derived repellent has the characteristics of flexible use method, high repellent activity, safety to the environment, difficulty in generating resistance to pests and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a plant source repellent for Holotrichia parallela is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

1-45% of wheat straw ethanol extraction dry powder, 10-30% of solvent, 5-10% of emulsifier, 0.1-1.5% of defoaming agent, 0.3-5% of other auxiliary agents and the balance of water.

Further, the wheat straw ethanol extraction dry powder is prepared by the following method:

naturally airing and crushing wheat straws, placing wheat straw powder into an ethanol solution of which the weight is 5-15 times that of the wheat straw powder for normal-temperature extraction, filtering, collecting and concentrating an extracting solution to obtain an extract of a wheat straw ethanol crude extract, wherein ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution: the volume ratio range of water is 1: (0 to 1.5);

freeze-drying the wheat straw ethanol crude extract in a freeze dryer at the temperature of-80 ℃ to obtain wheat straw ethanol crude extract dry powder.

Further, the solvent is usually referred to as an organic solvent, and is one or more of ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, and the like.

Further, the emulsifier is one or a combination of more of tween 20, tween 80, glycerol lauric acid, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, aralkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene ester and ether, ethylene oxide propylene oxide copolymer, alkylbenzene sulfonate and the like.

Further, the defoaming agent is one or more of emulsified silicone oil, organic silicon, mineral oil, tributyl phosphate, a higher alcohol fatty acid ester compound, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether and polydimethylsiloxane.

The other auxiliary agent at least contains surfactant, and further contains one or more of gelatin, xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, acacia, sodium alginate, polyacrylate, cellulose gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, organosilicon, abietic acid, tall oil, sulfonate, amide and triphenyl phosphate.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the plant source repellent for the Holotrichia parallela, which comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the raw materials according to the formula;

s2, dissolving the weighed dry powder of the wheat straw ethanol crude extract in a solvent, then adding an emulsifier, and stirring for 10-15 min to obtain an aqueous emulsion oil phase;

s3, mixing the weighed water, the defoaming agent and other auxiliary agents, and uniformly stirring to form an aqueous phase of the aqueous emulsion;

s4, under the stirring of a shearing emulsifying machine, dropwise adding the aqueous phase of the aqueous emulsion into the oil phase of the aqueous emulsion while stirring, and after the aqueous phase is completely added, continuously shearing and emulsifying for 10-30 min to prepare a tan homogeneous liquid, namely the plant-derived repellent containing the wheat straw extract.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the preparation is an aqueous emulsion, has small organic solvent dosage, is environment-friendly, is a nuisance-free botanical pesticide, has easily obtained raw materials, rich resources and low cost, changes waste into valuable, and comprehensively utilizes wheat straw resources; the invention has lower requirements on processing equipment, simple processing technology and good popularization prospect. The invention can be used for repelling, preventing and treating fruit trees and forest scarab beetles. High repellent activity, environmental protection, difficult generation of resistance and the like.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.

Examples

Preparation of 15% wheat straw extract water emulsion:

accurately weighing 15g (mass percent is 15%), dissolving the wheat straw extract freeze-dried powder in a solvent (ethanol), adding 10-15% of tween 80, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, aralkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and ethylene oxide propylene oxide copolymer as an emulsifier to form an oil phase, adding 2% of polyethylene glycol as a stabilizer, adding 1% of emulsified silicone oil as an antifoaming agent, 0.5% of aluminum magnesium silicate and 0.2% of xanthan gum, and uniformly mixing to form a water phase. And (3) dropping the water phase by stirring at a high-speed shearing machine of 3500-4500 r/min, adding the oil phase into the water phase, and shearing and emulsifying at a high speed for 10min to form the well-dispersed aqueous emulsion.

Field control effect experiment of 15% wheat straw extract water emulsion

The experimental subject is the fruit tree Holotrichia parallela.

The experimental crop is a newly planted apple tree.

The test field is selected as a new field planting apple orchard in Tengzhou city of jujube village in Shandong province, and an orchard which has consistent field conditions and serious black finless cuora molitor and similar damage degree is selected for carrying out experiments.

Experiments are divided into groups, and 3 dosage gradients, namely 300 mL/mu, 600 mL/mu and 900 mL/mu, of the 15% wheat straw extract aqueous emulsion are set; meanwhile, 100 mL/mu of azadirachtin with the plant source contrast agent of 0.5 percent and 30 mL/mu of high-efficiency cyhalothrin with the chemical pesticide of 2.5 percent are set, and clear water is used as a contrast, and each treatment is repeated for 3 times. The experimental plot comprises 20 new fruit trees planted in a random combination arrangement, friend-hurting protection areas are arranged around the experimental field, and protection rows are arranged among the plots.

Investigation of control effect

The experimental results were investigated at 5 pm, using five sampling points, each point investigating 2 fruit trees. The population base was investigated before application. The number of Holotrichia parallela on the fruit trees was investigated 1, 3, and 7 days after the application of the drug, respectively.

Calculation of repellent Effect

From table 1, it can be seen that 15% of the wheat straw extract aqueous emulsion has a very good control effect on the fruit tree Holotrichia parallela. The repellent control effects of three doses (300, 600 and 900 mL/mu) on the application day are all more than 95 percent, which are obviously higher than that of azadirachtin and efficient cyhalothrin of 0.5 percent of the control medicament; within the investigation time range, the repellent effect is gradually reduced along with the prolonging of the time, but the repellent control effect is more than 90% within 7 days. Much higher than the two control agents. The plant source repellent can be used as a novel effective scarab beetle repellent and has good development and application prospects.

Table 1: repellent control effect of 15% wheat straw extract water emulsifier

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims (7)

1. A plant source repellent of Holotrichia parallela is characterized in that: the material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

1-45% of wheat straw ethanol extraction dry powder, 10-30% of solvent, 5-10% of emulsifier, 0.1-1.5% of defoaming agent, 0.3-5% of other auxiliary agents and the balance of water.

2. The plant-derived repellent for Holotrichia parallela of claim 1, wherein: the wheat straw ethanol extraction dry powder is prepared by the following method:

naturally airing and crushing wheat straws, placing wheat straw powder into an ethanol solution of which the weight is 5-15 times that of the wheat straw powder for normal-temperature extraction, filtering, collecting and concentrating an extracting solution to obtain an extract of a wheat straw ethanol crude extract, wherein ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution: the volume ratio range of water is 1: (0 to 1.5);

freeze-drying the wheat straw ethanol crude extract in a freeze dryer at the temperature of-80 ℃ to obtain wheat straw ethanol crude extract dry powder.

3. The plant-derived repellent for Holotrichia parallela of claim 1, wherein: the solvent is one or more of ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and isopropanol.

4. The plant-derived repellent for Holotrichia parallela of claim 1, wherein: the emulsifier is one or more of Tween 20, Tween 80, glycerol lauric acid, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, aralkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene ester and ether, ethylene oxide propylene oxide copolymer and alkylbenzene sulfonate.

5. The plant-derived repellent for Holotrichia parallela of claim 1, wherein: the defoaming agent is one or a combination of emulsified silicone oil, organic silicon, mineral oil, tributyl phosphate, a high-carbon alcohol fatty acid ester compound, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether and polydimethylsiloxane.

6. The plant-derived repellent for Holotrichia parallela of claim 1, wherein: the other auxiliary agent at least contains a surfactant.

7. A preparation method of a plant source repellent for Holotrichia parallela is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the raw materials according to the formula of any one of claims 1 to 6;

s2, dissolving the weighed dry powder of the wheat straw ethanol crude extract in a solvent, then adding an emulsifier, and stirring for 10-15 min to obtain an aqueous emulsion oil phase;

s3, mixing the weighed water, the defoaming agent and other auxiliary agents, and uniformly stirring to form an aqueous phase of the aqueous emulsion;

s4, under the stirring of a shearing emulsifying machine, dropwise adding the aqueous phase of the aqueous emulsion into the oil phase of the aqueous emulsion while stirring, and after the aqueous phase is completely added, continuously shearing and emulsifying for 10-30 min to prepare a tan homogeneous liquid, namely the plant-derived repellent containing the wheat straw extract.