CN109786576B - OLED display device, display panel and display device - Google Patents

OLED display device, display panel and display device Download PDF

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CN109786576B
CN109786576B CN201910080893.8A CN201910080893A CN109786576B CN 109786576 B CN109786576 B CN 109786576B CN 201910080893 A CN201910080893 A CN 201910080893A CN 109786576 B CN109786576 B CN 109786576B
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light
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cathode
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吴小会
姜妮
颜莎宁
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The application discloses OLED display device, display panel and display device, this OLED display device includes: the device comprises at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device, a substrate and an intermediate layer, wherein the substrate is arranged on a cathode of the at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and opposite to the cathode, the intermediate layer is filled between the cathode of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and the substrate, and the intermediate layer corresponds to the monochromatic OLED light-emitting devices one to one; the substrate comprises an ordered array of wells; and a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is formed between the cathode of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and two opposite surfaces of the substrate, and the cavity length of each Fabry-Perot resonant cavity meets the condition that the light with the same light-emitting color as that of the corresponding monochromatic OLED light-emitting device is emitted in the incident ambient light. The technical problem of poor display effect of OLED display device among the prior art is solved.

Description

OLED display device, display panel and display device
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to an OLED display device, a display panel and a display device.
Background
Organic Light-Emitting diodes (OLEDs) have the advantages of active Light emission, fast response speed, low driving voltage, and the like, and OLED display devices are widely used in the field of liquid crystal display. At present, the types of OLED display devices include monochrome, multi-color, and full-color.
When external ambient light irradiates the OLED display device, the display image quality of the OLED display device may be affected due to the reflection effect of the cathode in the OLED display device. At present, in order to avoid the influence of ambient light reflection on the display image quality of the OLED display device, a polarizer is generally disposed on the OLED display device, but the polarizer may cause partial loss of light emitted by the OLED display device, and the luminance of the OLED display device is reduced, so that the display effect of the OLED display device is deteriorated.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an OLED display device, a display panel and a display device, which are used for solving the technical problem that the display effect of the OLED display device in the prior art is poor.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an OLED display device comprising: the device comprises at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device, a substrate and an intermediate layer, wherein the substrate is arranged on a cathode of the at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and opposite to the cathode, the intermediate layer is filled between the cathode of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and the substrate, and the intermediate layer corresponds to the monochromatic OLED light-emitting devices one to one; the substrate comprises an ordered array of wells; and a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is formed between the cathode of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and two opposite surfaces of the substrate, and the cavity length of each Fabry-Perot resonant cavity meets the condition that the light with the same light-emitting color as that of the corresponding monochromatic OLED light-emitting device is emitted in the incident ambient light.
In the embodiments provided herein, a substrate is disposed over and opposite the cathode of at least one single color OLED light emitting device, so that a fabry-perot resonant cavity is formed between the cathode of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and the two opposite surfaces of the substrate, an intermediate layer is filled between the cathode of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and the substrate, so that the cavity length of each Fabry-Perot resonant cavity meets the condition that the light with the same light-emitting color as that of the corresponding monochromatic OLED light-emitting device in the incident ambient light is emitted, and the substrate enables the incident ambient light to emit light with the same color as that of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device, thereby not only improving the display effect of the OLED display device, under the condition of keeping the brightness of the OLED display device unchanged, the driving voltage of the OLED display device is reduced, and the power consumption of the OLED display device is reduced.
Optionally, the material of the substrate is a nanomaterial.
Optionally, the ordered pore array is an ordered nanopore array, and a period of the nanopore array satisfies emergent light resonance scattering.
Optionally, the diameter of the nanopore is 20nm, and the distance between adjacent nanopores is 150 nm.
Optionally, the nanomaterial is a metallic and light-transmissive material.
Optionally, the material of the intermediate layer is a material which is transparent and has a reflectivity of not more than 7.6%.
Optionally, the thickness of the intermediate layer is in the range of [45nm, 90nm ].
Optionally, the OLED display device further includes: and the electrochromic film layer is positioned between the cathode and the intermediate layer, and is used for shading light when not powered and transmitting light when powered.
In the embodiment that this application provided, in OLED display device, be located the cathode with set up electrochromic membrane between the intermediate level, the shading when not adding power of electrochromic rete, printing opacity when adding power to make when not adding power of electrochromic membrane, be in pure black state, and then improve OLED display device's contrast.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a display panel comprising the OLED display device of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a display device comprising the display panel of the second aspect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an OLED display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a top view of a substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is an interference diagram of a fabry-perot resonator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals: 1-a monochromatic OLED light emitting device; 2-a cathode; 3-a substrate; 4-an intermediate layer; 5-an anode; 6-a light emitting layer; 7-a base layer; 8-hole injection layer; 9-a hole transport layer; 10-electron transport layer; 11-electron injection layer; 12-an electrochromic film; 120-a first transparent conductive layer; 121-an electrochromic layer; 122-an electrolyte layer; 123-ion storage layer; 124-second transparent conductive layer.
Detailed Description
In the solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In order to better understand the technical solutions, the technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and examples of the present application are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features in the embodiments and examples of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The thicknesses and shapes of the various film layers in the drawings are not intended to be true to scale and are merely illustrative of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, an OLED display device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: the OLED device comprises at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device 1, a substrate 3 and an intermediate layer 4, wherein the substrate 3 is positioned on a cathode 2 of the at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and is opposite to the cathode 2, the intermediate layer 4 is filled between the cathode 2 of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and the substrate, and the intermediate layer 4 corresponds to the monochromatic OLED light-emitting devices 1 one by one; the substrate 3 comprises an ordered array of wells; a fabry-perot resonant cavity is formed between two opposite surfaces of the cathode 2 and the substrate 3 of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device, and the cavity length of each fabry-perot resonant cavity satisfies the condition that the light with the same light-emitting color as that of the corresponding monochromatic OLED light-emitting device 1 is emitted in the incident ambient light.
Each of the above described single-color OLED light emitting devices 1 comprises, in addition to the cathode 2: an anode 5 and an organic light-emitting layer 6 disposed between the cathode 2 and the anode 5. Each of the monochromatic OLED light emitting devices 1 means that the organic light emitting layer 6 emits monochromatic light, for example: the monochromatic light includes: red (R), green (G) or blue (B). When electricity is applied between the cathode 2 and the anode 5, holes in the anode 5 are combined with charges of the cathode 2 in the organic light emitting layer 6 due to the applied voltage, and the organic light emitting layer 6 emits red, green, or blue light depending on the value of the applied voltage.
The at least one single color OLED light emitting device 1 may include a single color OLED light emitting device 1, wherein the single color OLED light emitting device 1 emits R, G or B color light, or three color single color OLED light emitting devices 1, wherein the three color single color OLED light emitting devices 1 emit R, G and B, respectively. When the OLED display device includes a single-color OLED light emitting device 1, the OLED display device may be a single-color OLED display device or a full-color OLED display device. When the OLED display device includes three monochromatic OLED light emitting devices 1 emitting different colors, the OLED display device is a full-color OLED display device.
The above-mentioned OLED display device comprises, in addition to at least one single-color OLED light-emitting device 1, a substrate 3 disposed over the cathode 2 of each single-color OLED light-emitting device and opposite to the cathode 2, and an intermediate layer 4 filled between the cathode 2 of each single-color OLED light-emitting device and the substrate: and the base layer 7 is arranged on one side of the at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device 1, which is far away from the substrate 3, and the base layer 7 is used for supporting the at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device 1.
The OLED display device comprises at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device 1, a substrate 3 which is positioned on a cathode 2 of the at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and is arranged opposite to the cathode 2, and an intermediate layer 4 filled between the cathode 2 and the substrate 3, wherein the substrate 3 arranged on the cathode 2 of the at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device is of an integral structure, and the substrate 3 is a light-transmitting metal nano material, such as a gold nano material. Because the cathode 2 and the substrate 3 are arranged oppositely, two opposite surfaces of the cathode 2 and the substrate 3 form a fabry-perot resonant cavity, the thickness of the intermediate layer 4 determines the cavity length of the fabry-perot resonant cavity, different fabry-perot resonant cavities correspond to different monochromatic OLED light-emitting devices 1, and different monochromatic OLED light-emitting devices 1 emit different colors, the thickness of the intermediate layer 4 corresponding to each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device 1 is different, and the intermediate layer 4 corresponds to the monochromatic OLED light-emitting devices 1 one by one.
Further, in order to improve the light emitting efficiency of each monochromatic OLED light emitting device 1, each monochromatic OLED light emitting device 1 generally uses a multilayer structure, see fig. 2, for example, the above-mentioned OLED display device includes one monochromatic OLED light emitting device. Each monochromatic OLED light emitting device 1 requires a structure in which a Hole injection Layer 7 (HIL), a Hole Transport Layer 9 (HTL), an Electron Transport Layer 10 (ETL), an Electron injection Layer 11 (EIL), and the like are sequentially provided between the anode 5 and the light emitting Layer 6, and between the light emitting Layer 6 and the cathode 2, in addition to the cathode 2, the anode 5, and the organic light emitting Layer 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the substrate 3 includes an ordered hole array, when the ambient light is irradiated onto the substrate 3, the ambient light may be incident into the fp cavity through the substrate 3, the fp cavity may interfere the incident and reflected light, and the interference may screen different frequencies of waves in the ambient light, so as to transmit the light of a frequency corresponding to a cavity length of the fp cavity in the ambient light incident into the fp cavity. When the cavity length of the fabry-perot resonant cavity satisfies the condition that the light with the same color as the corresponding monochromatic OLED light emitting device 1 in the incident ambient light is emitted, the light with the same color as the corresponding monochromatic OLED light emitting device 1 in the ambient light is filtered out, and the filtered light is emitted through the substrate 3.
For better understanding, the interference of the fabry-perot resonant cavities can be used to screen the waves with different frequencies in the incident light environment. The interference principle of the fabry-perot resonator is described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 4, an interference diagram of a fabry-perot resonator is provided in the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the Fabry-Perot cavity comprises two parallel substrates A1And A2E.g. substrate A1And A2Which may be a glass substrate or a quartz substrate, with a distance d between the two substrates. When the incident light is from the substrate A1Incident on the substrate A2When the light is emitted, a part of the light is emitted to the substrate A2Upward reflection, a part of light from the substrate A2Transmission if the substrate A2When the initial phase of the upper first beam transmission light is zero, the substrate A is1And A2During multiple reflection and incidence between the substrates A2The phase difference of each transmitted light beam is 0 phi and 2 phi … … N phi in sequence, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 2, and phi is the light wave from the substrate A1Incident on the substrate A2On or from the substrate A2Reflected to the substrate A1Is obtained by the following equation:
Figure BDA0001960339720000061
wherein n is a substrate A1And A2Refractive index of the medium between, λ is through the substrate A1The wavelength of incident light, i is the wavelength of incident light transmitted through the substrate A1Angle of refraction.
When incident light is incident on the substrate A1And A2After the light beam is on the substrate A1And A2Multiple reflection and incidence occur between the two, and the interference between the incident light wave and the reflected light wave occurs, when the total phase shift of the light wave back and forth in the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is equal to the integral multiple of 2 pi, the resonance condition is satisfied, and the substrate A1And A2The light waves between are intensified due to interference, i.e.
φ=2πq
Wherein q is a positive integer not less than 1.
By combining the relationship between the wavelength, the wave velocity and the frequency of the light wave and the above two formulas, the relationship between the frequency of the light transmitted through the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity can be derived, i.e. the relationship between the frequency of the light transmitted through the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is derived
Figure BDA0001960339720000062
Where f is the frequency of light transmitted from the fabry-perot resonator.
As can be known from the interference principle of the fp resonators, the frequency of light transmitted through the fp resonator is related to the cavity length of the fp resonator, and in the OLED display device provided in this embodiment of the present application, the cavity length of the fp resonator formed by the cathode 2 and the substrate 3 is related to the thickness of the intermediate layer 4, in order to make the cavity length of the fp resonator satisfy the condition that the light emitted by the corresponding monochromatic OLED light-emitting device 1 is emitted in the same color as the incident ambient light, the thickness of the intermediate layer 4 is set within a range of [45nm, 90nm ], for example, when the thickness of the intermediate layer 4 is 50nm, the fp resonator can transmit red light in the ambient light, and when the thickness of the intermediate layer 4 is 90nm, the fp resonator can transmit green light in the ambient light, when the thickness of the intermediate layer 4 is 80nm, the fabry-perot resonator can transmit blue light in ambient light.
In the above-mentioned OLED display device, when the ambient light passing through the substrate 3 is incident into the fabry-perot resonator and the light transmitted by the fabry-perot resonator and having the same color as the light emitted by the corresponding monochromatic OLED light-emitting device 1 passes through the substrate 3, in order to make the ambient light incident into the fabry-perot resonator totally reflect in the fabry-perot resonator and the light transmitted by the fabry-perot resonator and having the same color as the light emitted by the corresponding monochromatic OLED light-emitting device uniformly exit. The ordered pore array is an ordered nanopore array, the period of the nanopore array satisfies resonance scattering of incident light, wherein the period of the nanopore array comprises the distance between adjacent nanopores and the diameter of the nanopores, the period of the nanopore array can be various, and preferably, the diameter of the nanopores is 20nm, and the distance between adjacent nanopores is 150 nm.
In the above OLED display device, in order to make the ambient light irradiated onto the substrate 3 enter the fabry-perot resonator through the ordered hole array as much as possible and avoid the ambient light from being reflected on the substrate 3, the substrate 3 is selected from a nano material, such as a gold nano material, which has a low reflectivity, can couple surface plasmons and is transparent to light. In order to avoid the interference of the fabry-perot resonant cavity caused by the reflection of the intermediate layer, the intermediate layer 4 is made of a material having a light transmittance and a low reflectivity, preferably a material having a light transmittance and a reflectivity of not more than 7.6%, such as aluminum oxide Al2O3
In the embodiment provided by the application, a substrate 3 is arranged on a cathode 2 of at least one monochromatic OLED light emitting device and opposite to the cathode 2, so that a fabry-perot resonant cavity is formed between the cathode 2 of each monochromatic OLED light emitting device and two opposite surfaces of the substrate 3, an intermediate layer 4 is filled between the cathode 2 of each monochromatic OLED light emitting device and the substrate 3, the cavity length of each fabry-perot resonant cavity satisfies the condition that the light emitting color of the incident ambient light is the same as that of the corresponding monochromatic OLED light emitting device 1, and the light emitting color of the incident ambient light is the same as that of each monochromatic OLED light emitting device 1 is emitted through the substrate 3, so that the display effect of the OLED display device is improved, the driving voltage of the OLED display device is reduced under the condition that the luminance of the OLED display device is kept unchanged, the power consumption of the OLED display device is reduced.
Further, in order to improve the contrast ratio of the OLED display device. As shown in fig. 5, the above-mentioned OLED display device includes a single-color OLED light emitting device as an example. Besides the monochromatic OLED light emitting device 1, the substrate 3 and the intermediate layer 4, the OLED display device further comprises: an electrochromic film 12 located between the cathode 2 and the intermediate layer 4, the electrochromic film layer 11 being light-blocking when not energized and light-transmitting when energized.
When the electrochromic film layer 11 is powered on, the electrochromic film layer is changed into transparent from color, so that light beams can penetrate through the electrochromic film layer 11, when the electrochromic film layer 11 is not powered on, the electrochromic film layer is changed into a full black state from transparent, so that the light beams cannot penetrate through the electrochromic film layer 11, the display picture of the OLED display device is black, and the contrast of the OLED display device is improved.
To facilitate an understanding of the above-described reversible color change of the electrochromic film 12 when the electrochromic film 12 is powered on or off, the following description will discuss the principle of the reversible color change of the electrochromic film 12.
As shown in fig. 6, the electrochromic film 12 includes a first transparent conductive layer 120, an electrochromic layer 121, an electrolyte layer 122, an ion storage layer 123, and a second transparent conductive layer 124, which are sequentially stacked, wherein the electrochromic layer 121 is an electrochromic material, such as tungsten oxide, transition metal oxide, and conductive polymer, and the electrolyte layer 122 is made of a special conductive material, such as a solution containing lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, or the like, or a solid electrolyte material. When electricity is applied to the first transparent conductive layer 120 and the second transparent conductive layer 124, the electrolyte layer 122 transfers ions stored in the ion storage layer 123 and subjected to redox reaction to the electrochromic layer 121, and the material of the electrochromic layer 121 is subjected to redox reaction under the action of voltage, so that the color of the electrochromic film 12 is changed.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present application provides a display panel including the OLED display device described above.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present application provides a display device, which includes the above-mentioned display panel.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims (9)

1. An OLED display device, comprising: the device comprises at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device, a substrate and an intermediate layer, wherein the substrate is arranged on a cathode of the at least one monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and opposite to the cathode, the intermediate layer is filled between the cathode of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and the substrate, and the intermediate layer corresponds to the monochromatic OLED light-emitting devices one to one; the substrate comprises an ordered array of wells; a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is formed between the cathode of each monochromatic OLED light-emitting device and two opposite surfaces of the substrate, the cavity length of each Fabry-Perot resonant cavity meets the condition that light with the same light-emitting color as the corresponding monochromatic OLED light-emitting device in incident ambient light is emitted, and the intermediate layer is made of a light-transmitting material with the reflectivity not greater than 7.6%.
2. The OLED display device of claim 1, wherein the material of the substrate is a nanomaterial.
3. The OLED display device of claim 2, wherein the ordered array of holes is an ordered array of nano-holes having a period that satisfies an exit light resonance scattering.
4. The OLED display device claimed in claim 3, wherein the diameter of the nano-holes is 20nm, and a distance between adjacent nano-holes is 150 nm.
5. The OLED display device claimed in claim 4, wherein the nanomaterial is a metal and light-transmissive material.
6. The OLED display device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer is in the range of [45nm, 90nm ].
7. The OLED display device claimed in claim 6, further comprising: and the electrochromic film layer is positioned between the cathode and the intermediate layer, and is used for shading light when not powered and transmitting light when powered.
8. A display panel comprising the OLED display device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to claim 8.
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