CN109782716B - Granary monitoring unit and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Granary monitoring unit and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109782716B CN109782716B CN201910052423.0A CN201910052423A CN109782716B CN 109782716 B CN109782716 B CN 109782716B CN 201910052423 A CN201910052423 A CN 201910052423A CN 109782716 B CN109782716 B CN 109782716B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a granary monitoring unit and an implementation method thereof, and the unit comprises: the temperature and humidity acquisition module, the temperature sensing switch, the pressure switch module comprising three pressure switches and the fourth to seventh field effect transistors; the control voltage output of the pressure switch module is respectively connected with a gate of the seventh field effect transistor and the temperature and humidity acquisition module A/D; the grid of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the output of the temperature and humidity acquisition module; the grid electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with the drains of the fourth field effect tube and the fifth field effect tube in parallel, and the drain of the seventh field effect tube is connected with the grid electrode of the fifth field effect tube; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in a wireless manner; the temperature-sensing switch and the sixth field effect transistor switch are connected in parallel and then connected in series with a passage of the battery and the temperature and humidity acquisition module power supply. The method is characterized in that when the control voltage output of the pressure switch module is less than or equal to one third of the battery terminal voltage, the current turning over or grain discharging or grain stealing is determined, and output information is uploaded to the information receiving and transmitting control terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of granary safety, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring and uploading the temperature, humidity, turning over a granary, theft prevention and the like in a granary at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system and realizing the method.
Background
As is well known, the storage of grains is easily affected by temperature, humidity and other factors, and may cause problems such as heat generation, mildew, insect pest breeding, etc. In order to reduce loss in the grain storage process and guarantee the quality of grains, the granary monitoring and management system takes corresponding measures according to the specific conditions that the sensing device of the end node monitors the temperature and the humidity of the grains in the uploaded granary, and carries out cooling, moisture removal or turning over treatment. At present, a granary monitoring and management system: according to the specific conditions of temperature and humidity uploaded by a sensing device of a terminal node, automatic completion can be achieved when temperature reduction and/or humidity elimination are needed, but manual participation is needed when the warehouse needs to be turned over, when the responsibility of a worker turning over the warehouse is not strong, the worker may turn over less or even not turn over, and an automatic detection means is not used for monitoring the warehouse turning quality at present unless a manager for monitoring the warehouse turning quality is on site.
As is well known, the sensing device node used for preventing burglary at the tail end in the granary monitoring and management system is generally a human body infrared sensor and/or a camera, and once other people break through the defense line of the human body infrared sensor and the camera, grains can be stolen. It is also known that most of grain storage adopts an accumulation type, and pressure change in a granary can be caused by reduction of grain accumulation and/or collapse of accumulated grains. When the grain is stolen, the grain accumulation amount can be reduced, and even the accumulated grain is collapsed. At present: during the anti-theft period, no terminal node of the granary monitoring and management system assists in anti-theft for the sensing device of pressure change in the stacked granary.
As is well known, the nodes of the temperature and humidity sensing devices, the ends of which are arranged in the stacked grain bin, in the monitoring and management system of the grain bin are required to be distributed in the grain stack, and the nodes of the temperature and humidity sensing devices in the grain stack are arranged in a horizontal direction with a row-column spacing not greater than 5 m and a vertical direction with a spacing not greater than 3 m, and the nodes of the temperature and humidity sensing devices are divided into two types, namely wireless (such as temperature and humidity sensing device nodes based on Zigbee technology) and wired (such as inserted rod type temperature and humidity sensing device nodes), from a communication mode. The temperature and humidity sensing device node in a wired mode is convenient to supply power, but is inconvenient to arrange in a grain pile; the wireless temperature and humidity sensing device nodes are conveniently buried in the grain pile, but the power supply needs to be wireless and/or battery-powered, and no battery is used for supplying power, so that the wireless temperature and humidity sensing device nodes cannot be monitored in real time if the temperature and humidity exceed the limit, namely cannot be uploaded to a granary monitoring and management system. The wired temperature and humidity sensing device can not only facilitate regular inspection of a granary monitoring and management system, but also facilitate real-time uploading of temperature and humidity overrun to the granary monitoring and management system when the granary monitoring and management system is not in an inspection period, and the wired temperature and humidity sensing device can be in a live working state at any time because the wired temperature and humidity sensing device is convenient to supply power, but the wired temperature and humidity sensing device node is inconvenient to arrange in a stacked granary; the wireless mode temperature and humidity sensing device node can make things convenient for the granary monitoring management system to patrol and examine regularly, and the temperature and humidity sensing device node of wireless mode is located and is piled up the formula granary and convenient than the temperature and humidity sensing device node of wired mode, but the granary monitoring management system is not in the period of patrolling and examining, if the temperature and humidity transfinites and need to upload to the granary monitoring management system in real time, the temperature and humidity sensing device node of wireless mode must be from taking the power supply battery, because the electric quantity of battery is limited, so must consider under the energy-conserving state, the granary monitoring management system is not in the period of patrolling and examining, if the temperature and humidity transfinites and uploads to the granary monitoring management system in real time, need consider the problem of conveniently supplementing the electric quantity to the battery simultaneously. According to the prior art, no good scheme is provided, the energy-saving problem of the wireless temperature and humidity sensing device with the temperature and humidity over-limit real-time uploading to the granary monitoring and management system is solved, and the battery power supply problem is solved.
It is well known that: the higher the temperature is, the lower the safety moisture content of the grain is, and the water content of the grain is reduced by 1 percent when the temperature of the grain pile is increased by 5 ℃ according to the inspection. Thus, when the temperature rises, the original moisture content is maintained, and the grain deterioration is accelerated. Therefore, when the temperature rises to the limit, real-time prompting is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, provides a granary monitoring unit and an implementation method thereof, and realizes that: firstly, routing inspection and overtemperature real-time alarming are realized; secondly, prompting and alarming when the bin is turned over and the stealing behavior occurs are integrated; the battery is full, the polling excitation signal is over-temperature, the bin is turned over, the grain is put, and the battery supplies power to work when any situation of stealing occurs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a granary monitoring unit is a sensing monitoring unit arranged at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system in a grain stack, and is connected with an excitation/charging source module and an information transceiving control terminal which are arranged in the same granary through a wireless mode; granary monitoring unit includes: the device comprises a rectification module, a demodulation and decoding control module, a battery charging module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a temperature-sensitive switch, a pressure switch module, a low-frequency antenna, a battery, a first field-effect tube, a second field-effect tube, a third field-effect tube, a fourth field-effect tube, a fifth field-effect tube, a sixth field-effect tube, a seventh field-effect tube and a resistor R3; the low-frequency antenna is connected with an excitation/charging source module in the granary in a wireless mode and receives an excitation/charging source signal sent by the excitation/charging source module; the low-frequency antenna is respectively connected with the input of the rectifying module and the input of the demodulation and decoding control module; the output of the rectification module is respectively connected with the power input of the demodulation decoding control module and the source electrode of the third field effect transistor, the drain electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected with the input of the battery charging module, the gate electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor, the gate electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with one output of the demodulation decoding control module, and the source electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with the cathode of the battery; the charging output of the battery charging module is connected with the power input of the pressure switch module in parallel and then is connected to the positive electrode of the battery; one signal output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, and the other signal output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the demodulation and decoding control module; the grid electrode of the first field effect tube is connected with the other output of the demodulation decoding control module, and the source electrode of the first field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the battery; the control voltage output of the pressure switch module is respectively connected with a gate of the seventh field effect transistor and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module; the grid electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the seventh field effect transistor and one end of the resistor R3 in parallel, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the source electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the grid electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the output of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, and the source electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the source electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with the source electrode of the seventh field effect tube and one end of the temperature-sensitive switch in parallel and then connected with the anode of the battery, the drain electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with the other end of the temperature-sensitive switch in parallel and then connected with the power input of the temperature-humidity acquisition module, and the grid electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first field effect tube, the drain electrode of the fourth field effect tube and the drain electrode of the fifth field effect tube in parallel; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in a wireless mode; and the power supply cathode of the rectification module, the power supply cathode of the battery charging module, the power supply cathode of the temperature and humidity acquisition module and the power supply cathode of the pressure switch module are connected with the cathode of the battery.
The pressure switch module described above includes: a first pressure acquisition unit, a second pressure acquisition unit, a third pressure acquisition unit, a resistor R2; after the first pressure acquisition unit, the second pressure acquisition unit and the third pressure acquisition unit are connected in parallel, the input end of the first pressure acquisition unit, the second pressure acquisition unit and the third pressure acquisition unit is connected with one end of a resistor R2, and the output end of the first pressure acquisition unit, the second pressure acquisition unit and the third pressure acquisition unit is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the battery; and acquiring control voltage from a connecting line of the resistor R2 and the parallel pressure acquisition unit, and leading the control voltage to a gate of the seventh field effect transistor and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module respectively.
The pressure acquisition unit described above includes: the device comprises a resistor R1, a stress button, a capacitor C and a diode D; the anode of the capacitor C is connected with the normally closed contact of the stress button in series and then is connected with the cathode of the diode D, and the anode of the diode D is connected with the input end; one end of the normally open contact of the stress button is connected with the anode of the capacitor C, and the other end of the normally open contact of the stress button is connected with the cathode and the output end of the capacitor C after being connected with the resistor R1 in series.
The first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor, the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor are all N-channel enhanced MOS transistors; the third field effect transistor, the sixth field effect transistor and the seventh field effect transistor are all P-channel enhanced MOS transistors.
The temperature and humidity acquisition module comprises a temperature and humidity detection processing control unit, a wireless transceiving unit, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a high-frequency antenna, an indicator light unit and a vibration sensor; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is sequentially connected with the wireless transceiving unit and the high-frequency antenna in series and then is connected with the information transceiving control terminal in a wireless mode; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is connected with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, a pressure switch module and a battery charging module in an input mode; the output of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is connected with a grid electrode of a fourth field effect tube and an indicator light unit; the vibration sensor is connected with the input interruption of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit; the pressure switch module is connected with the A/D input of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit.
The above-mentioned pilot lamp unit contains 6 pilot lamps.
The granary monitoring and managing system comprises a granary management information system arranged in a monitoring center, an information receiving and transmitting control terminal, a granary monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module and corresponding cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, the granary monitoring unit and the excitation/charging source module are arranged in each granary; the system comprises an information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary, a cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating device, an excitation/charging source module, a low-frequency wireless mode and a wireless mode, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary is connected with a granary management information system through a communication network, the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is connected with the cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating device through a control signal, a granary monitoring unit is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same granary in the same cabin in the high-frequency wireless mode, the excitation/charging source module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same cabin in the wireless or wired mode, and the excitation/charging source module is connected with the granary monitoring unit in the same cabin in the low-frequency wireless mode.
The capacitor C is a tantalum leakage capacitor or a niobium capacitor.
The stress button is a double-path contact switch, one path is normally open, and the other path is normally closed.
In order to achieve the above object, another technical solution of the present invention is:
a method for realizing a granary monitoring unit comprises the following steps:
the stress surface of the stress button is set as follows: when the stress is more than or equal to 5 kilograms, the normally open contact is closed, and the normally closed contact is opened; when the stress is less than 5 kilograms, the normally open contact is opened, and the normally closed contact is closed;
the granary monitoring unit is arranged in the bearing box, stress surfaces of stress buttons in the three pressure acquisition units are respectively arranged on panels in three directions of coaxial stress of the bearing box in a concave mode, and 6 indicator lamps in the indicator lamp unit are respectively arranged on six surfaces of the bearing box;
thirdly, when the control voltage acquired from the pressure switch module is monitored to be less than or equal to one third of the voltage of the battery end through the A/D port, the current turning over or grain discharging or grain stealing is determined, the uploading pressure switch module outputs information to the information transceiving control terminal, and the information transceiving control terminal transmits back a corresponding identification code according to the current setting:
when the returned identification code is a turning over/discharging identification code, an indicator lamp is turned on: setting the control voltage obtained by the pressure switch module to be detected and identified for 3 times continuously from the voltage equal to the battery end to the voltage less than or equal to two thirds of the battery end, and turning off the lighted indicator light when the time for 3 times continuously is less than 10 seconds, outputting a low level to the grid of the fourth field effect transistor, and entering a dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module loses power,
and secondly, when the returned identification code is the anti-theft identification code, outputting a low level to a grid electrode of the fourth field effect transistor, and entering a dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module loses power.
Has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a granary monitoring unit and an implementation method thereof, which have the advantages that the granary monitoring unit is provided with routing inspection and overtemperature real-time alarming; secondly, prompting and alarming when the bin is turned over and the stealing behavior occurs; the battery is full, the excitation signal is patrolled and examined, the battery supplies power to work after any condition that the pressure switch module generates the excitation signal is over-temperature, so that the energy conservation of the battery is facilitated; the pressure switch module generates an excitation signal which can be used as a signal for the occurrence of the storehouse turning behavior and a signal for the occurrence of the stealing behavior, so that the storehouse turning behavior and the stealing behavior are monitored in real time; after the actions of turning over the granary and discharging the grain occur, indicator lights on six surfaces of the bearing box are lightened, so that the granary monitoring unit can be found conveniently in the processes of turning over the granary and discharging the grain, and the granary monitoring unit is reset; sixthly, the problem of stress surface orientation is not needed to be considered when the grain pile is placed, so that blind placement is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a grain bin monitoring unit of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection relationship between a sensing monitoring unit arranged in a grain stack at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system, and an excitation/charging source module and an information transceiving control terminal of the same granary;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the schematic connection of the pressure acquisition unit of the present invention;
in the figure: 100. the system comprises a rectification module 200, a demodulation decoding control module 300, a battery charging module 400, a temperature and humidity acquisition module 500, a temperature sensing switch 700, a pressure switch module 600, a low-frequency antenna, a battery E, a Q1, a Q2, a Q3, a Q4, a Q5, a Q6, a Q7, a first field-effect tube, a seventh field-effect tube, a temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410, a wireless transceiving unit 420, a temperature sensor 430, a humidity sensor 440, a high-frequency antenna 450, an indicator light unit 460, a vibration sensor 470, a AN. stress button, a capacitor C, a resistor R1, R2, a resistor R3, a granary monitoring unit A1, A2, and An., and n is the number of granary monitoring units arranged in a granary stack, and the pressure acquisition units D, diodes, the input ends of A pressure acquisition units and the output ends of B pressure acquisition units.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a granary monitoring unit is a sensing monitoring unit arranged at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system in a grain stack, and is connected with an excitation/charging source module and an information transceiving control terminal which are arranged in the same granary through a wireless mode; granary monitoring unit includes: the temperature and humidity sensor comprises a rectifying module 100, a demodulation and decoding control module 200, a battery charging module 300, a temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, a temperature-sensitive switch 500, a pressure switch module 700, a low-frequency antenna 600, a battery E, a first field-effect tube Q1, a second field-effect tube Q2, a third field-effect tube Q3, a fourth field-effect tube Q4, a fifth field-effect tube Q5, a sixth field-effect tube Q6, a seventh field-effect tube Q7 and a resistor R3; the low-frequency antenna 600 is connected with an excitation/charging source module in the granary in a wireless mode and receives an excitation/charging source signal sent by the excitation/charging source module; the low-frequency antenna 600 is respectively connected with the inputs of the rectifying module 100 and the demodulation and decoding control module 200; the output of the rectifying module 100 is respectively connected to the power input of the demodulation decoding control module 200 and the source of the third field effect transistor Q3, the drain of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the input of the battery charging module 300, the gate of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of the second field effect transistor Q2, the gate of the second field effect transistor Q2 is connected to an output of the demodulation decoding control module 200, and the source of the second field effect transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the battery E; the charging output of the battery charging module 300 is connected in parallel with the power input of the pressure switch module 700 and then connected to the positive electrode of the battery E; one signal output of the battery charging module 300 is connected with the input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, and the other signal output of the battery charging module 300 is connected with the input of the demodulation decoding control module 200; the gate of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the other output of the demodulation decoding control module 200, and the source of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the cathode of the battery E; the control voltage output of the pressure switch module 700 is respectively connected with the gate of the seventh field effect transistor Q7 and the a/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400; the grid electrode of the fifth field-effect tube Q5 is connected in parallel with the drain electrode of the seventh field-effect tube Q7 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery E, and the source electrode of the fifth field-effect tube Q5 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery E; the grid electrode of the fourth field-effect tube Q4 is connected with the output of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, and the source electrode of the fourth field-effect tube Q4 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery E; the source of the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is connected in parallel with the source of the seventh field effect transistor Q7 and one end of the temperature sensitive switch 500 and then connected to the positive electrode of the battery E, the drain of the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is connected in parallel with the other end of the temperature sensitive switch 500 and then connected to the power input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, the gate of the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is connected in parallel with the drain of the first field effect transistor Q1, the drain of the fourth field effect transistor Q4 and the drain of the fifth field effect transistor Q5; the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in a wireless mode; the negative electrode of the power supply of the rectifying module 100, the negative electrode of the power supply of the battery charging module 300, the negative electrode of the power supply of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 and the negative electrode of the power supply of the pressure switch module 700 are connected with the negative electrode of the battery E.
The first field-effect transistor Q1, the second field-effect transistor Q2, the fourth field-effect transistor Q4 and the fifth field-effect transistor Q5 are all N-channel enhancement type MOS transistors; the third fet Q3, the sixth fet Q6, and the seventh fet Q7 are P-channel enhancement MOS transistors.
The granary monitoring and managing system comprises a granary management information system arranged in a monitoring center, an information receiving and transmitting control terminal, a granary monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module and corresponding cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, the granary monitoring unit and the excitation/charging source module are arranged in each granary; the system comprises an information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary, a cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating device, an excitation/charging source module, a low-frequency wireless mode and a wireless mode, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary is connected with a granary management information system through a communication network, the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is connected with the cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating device through a control signal, a granary monitoring unit is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same granary in the same cabin in the high-frequency wireless mode, the excitation/charging source module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same cabin in the wireless or wired mode, and the excitation/charging source module is connected with the granary monitoring unit in the same cabin in the low-frequency wireless mode.
In the grain heap gathering process, the staff from the bottom up with perpendicular 1.5 meters thick, with less than 5 meters interval on every layer place granary monitoring unit for the change of temperature and humidity and the grain heap to its pressure in the monitoring storage process, supervisory systems through setting for the function, differentiates the grain heap and what action to the change of granary monitoring unit pressure arouses: when the function of the time period is set as turning over, the change of the pressure of the granary monitoring units is monitored in the time period and the granary is judged to be turning over, the monitoring system calculates the ratio of the granary monitoring units to the total amount of all the granary monitoring units in the granary through the number of the granary monitoring units which are arranged in the granary and monitor the pressure change, the ratio is used for judging the turning over quality, the higher the ratio is, the better the turning over quality is judged, and the opposite is realized, and the number of the granary monitoring units which monitor the pressure change in unit time can be used for judging the turning over efficiency; when the function of the time period is set as grain discharging, the pressure change of the granary monitoring units is monitored in the time period, the granary monitoring units are determined to be discharging, and the grain discharging speed can be judged by the number of the granary monitoring units monitoring the pressure change in unit time; when the function of the time period is set as anti-theft, the change of the pressure of the granary monitoring units is monitored in the time period, the situation that the granary monitoring units are stolen is determined, the monitoring system calculates the ratio of the granary monitoring units occupying the total amount of all granary monitoring units arranged in the granary through the number of the granary monitoring units monitoring the pressure change in the granary, the stealing amount is determined, the grading alarm is carried out according to the stealing amount, the larger the stealing amount is, the higher the top level is, the alarm times are increased, and the ascending alarm of the top layer by layer is set, and the reverse is realized.
The granary monitoring unit is installed in bearing the weight of the box, and the stress surface of monitoring the change of granary to its pressure becomes concave type and locates on the panel that granary monitoring unit bears the weight of the box, and the stress surface is concave the panel that bears the weight of the box promptly to be favorable to being difficult to receive external pressure to influence the power supply circuit of trigger battery E and switch on in granary monitoring unit's transportation, reserve storage process, thereby improve battery E life. When the granary monitoring unit arranged in the bearing box is only arranged on one panel of the bearing box and is placed in the grain pile, attention is paid to the fact that the stressed surface arranged on the panel of the bearing box and used for monitoring the pressure change faces or faces downwards and is placed in the grain pile. The invention preferably comprises the following components: the bearing surfaces which are concave into the panel of the bearing box are respectively arranged in the coaxial stress direction of the bearing box, namely, the upper panel and the lower panel of the bearing box are arranged one, the front panel and the rear panel are arranged one, the left panel and the right panel are arranged one, and the granary monitoring unit which is placed in the grain stack monitors that one stress surface has pressure change, so that the situation that the grain in the granary is turned over or put in grain or stolen is considered. Therefore, the granary monitoring unit can be placed in the grain pile blindly, namely the problem that the pressure change of the grain pile cannot be monitored by a stress surface is not considered during the placement.
The pressure switch module 700 described above includes: a first pressure obtaining unit 701, a second pressure obtaining unit 702, a third pressure obtaining unit 703, and a resistor R2; after the first pressure obtaining unit 701, the second pressure obtaining unit 702 and the third pressure obtaining unit 703 are connected in parallel, the input end a is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the output end B is connected to the negative electrode of the battery E; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E; control voltage is acquired from a connecting line from the resistor R2 to the input end A of the pressure acquisition unit and is respectively input to a gate of the seventh field-effect tube Q7 and an A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, namely, the cell E is equivalently output as control voltage after being connected in series with the resistor R2 and is respectively connected with the gate of the seventh field-effect tube Q7 and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, the control voltage output is controlled by connecting the input ends A of the three pressure acquisition units in parallel, the three pressure acquisition units are similar to control voltage output after controlling the cell E to be connected in series with the resistor R2 in a line and mode, namely, the potential of the pressure acquisition unit with the lowest level of the input end A is clamped.
As shown in fig. 3, the first pressure acquiring unit 701, the second pressure acquiring unit 702, and the third pressure acquiring unit 703 described above are each: the resistor R1, the stress button AN, the capacitor C and the diode D; the anode of the capacitor C is connected with the normally closed contact of the stress button AN in series and then is connected with the cathode (negative electrode) of the diode D, and the anode (positive electrode) of the diode D is connected with the input end A; one end of a normally open contact of the stress button AN is connected with the anode of the capacitor C, and the other end of the normally open contact of the stress button AN is connected with the cathode of the capacitor C and the output end B after being connected with the resistor R1 in series. Because the three pressure acquisition units are connected in parallel and then control voltage output control is carried out after the battery E is connected in series with the resistor R2, the voltage on the capacitor C in each pressure acquisition unit is reversely connected into the input end A through the diode D, and therefore the voltage on the capacitors C after the three pressure acquisition units are connected in parallel cannot change suddenly and conflict with each other.
The stress button AN is a double-path contact switch, one path is normally open, the other path is normally closed, and the stress surface of the stress button AN is set as follows: when the stress is more than or equal to 5 kilograms, one normally open contact is closed, and one normally closed contact is opened; when the stress is less than 5 kilograms, one path of normally open contact is opened (kept normally open), and one path of normally closed contact is closed (kept normally closed). That is, when the stress of the stress surface of the stress button AN is greater than or equal to 5 kgf, one normally open contact is closed, and one normally closed contact is opened, and when the stress of the stress surface of the stress button AN is less than 5 kgf, one normally open contact is returned to be opened, and one normally closed contact is returned to be connected (closed).
The granary monitoring unit is installed in bearing box, and the stress surface of atress button AN among first pressure acquisition unit 701 and second pressure acquisition unit 702 and the third pressure acquisition unit 703 is located on its panel that bears the weight of the box to the concave type, and the stress surface of atress button AN is recessed bears the panel of box promptly to be favorable to being difficult to receive outside pressure influence to trigger battery E power supply circuit circular telegram in granary monitoring unit transportation, reserve storage process, improve battery E life. And the stress surfaces of the three stress buttons AN in the first pressure obtaining unit 701, the second pressure obtaining unit 702 and the third pressure obtaining unit 703 are respectively arranged on the panels of the load bearing box in three directions of coaxial stress, that is, the upper panel and the lower panel of the load bearing box are arranged one, the front panel and the rear panel are arranged one, and the left panel and the right panel are arranged one. If the stressed surface of the stressed button AN in the first pressure obtaining unit 701 is disposed on the upper panel or the lower panel of the carrying box, and the stressed surface of the stressed button AN in the second pressure obtaining unit 702 is disposed on the front panel or the rear panel of the carrying box, the stressed surface of the stressed button AN in the third pressure obtaining unit 703 is disposed on the left panel or the right panel of the carrying box.
The capacitor C described above is selected to have a small leakage current, such as a tantalum capacitor and a niobium capacitor.
In the pressure switch module 700, the positive electrode of the battery E is sent to the input end a of each pressure acquisition unit through the resistor R2, the input end a of each pressure acquisition unit is connected to the anode (positive electrode) of the diode D, the cathode (negative electrode) of the diode D is connected in series with the normally closed contact of the stress button AN and then is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C, the negative electrode of the capacitor C is connected to the output end B, and the output end B is connected to the negative electrode of the battery E, so as to form a charging loop corresponding to the capacitor C; the resistor R2 and each pressure acquisition unit respectively form a charging circuit of a corresponding capacitor C, and the opening and the closing of the charging circuit are controlled by the normally closed contact of a stressed button AN connected in series in the respective charging circuit. The normally closed contact of the stressed button AN is connected, the battery E charges the capacitor C in the connected charging loop through the resistor R2, the normally open contact of the stressed button AN is disconnected, and the resistor R1 does not work. The normally closed contact of the stressed button AN is disconnected, the charging loop formed by the capacitor C controlled by the stressed button AN and the resistor R2 is disconnected, the normally open contact of the stressed button AN is connected, and the capacitor C controlled by the stressed button AN discharges through the resistor R1. Under the condition of ensuring safety, the resistor R1 is as small as possible to ensure that the corresponding capacitor C is discharged in a short time when the stress surface of the stress button AN is stressed by more than or equal to 5 kilograms of force, namely after the normally open contact of the stress button AN is switched on. And acquiring control voltage from a connecting line of the resistor R2 and the parallel pressure acquisition unit, and leading the control voltage to a gate of the seventh field effect transistor Q7 and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 respectively. Comparing the potentials of the three parallel pressure acquisition units at the input end A thereof, and acquiring the control voltage clamp as follows: the smallest one obtains the potential of the cell at its input a. Because the diode D is connected to the capacitor C in the pressure acquisition units in a forward series mode, the minimum potential of each pressure acquisition unit at the input end A is at least reduced by the forward voltage of the diode D. Normally closed contacts of a stressed button AN in the three pressure acquisition units are all disconnected or a capacitor C in a loop is fully charged when the normally closed contacts of the stressed button AN are connected, and a control voltage is acquired from a connecting line of a resistor R2 and the pressure acquisition units connected in parallel as the terminal voltage of a battery E. The more the normally closed contacts of the stressed buttons AN in the three pressure acquisition units are switched on, the longer the acquired control voltage is smaller than the voltage of the battery E end, and the reverse is true.
Regardless of the parallel case, i.e. for a single pressure acquisition unit: in the charging process of the battery E through a charging loop formed by the resistor R2, the diode D, the normally closed contact of the stress button AN and the capacitor C, the voltage on the connecting line of the resistor R2 and the diode D is gradually increased from being equal to the forward voltage reduction of the diode D along with the charging of the capacitor C, and the voltage on the connecting line of the resistor R2 and the diode D is the terminal voltage of the battery E when the capacitor C is fully charged or the normally closed contact of the stress button AN is disconnected.
Consider the parallel case, i.e. for parallel pressure acquisition units: the potential at the input terminal a of the pressure acquisition unit whose control voltage is clamped to the normally closed contact of the force-receiving button AN is just passed is acquired from the connection line of the resistor R2 and the pressure acquisition unit connected in parallel. The normally closed contact of any stress button AN is connected, the seventh field effect transistor Q7 is connected, and the seventh field effect transistor Q7 is changed from connected to disconnected along with the charging of the capacitor C or the disconnection of the normally closed contact of the stress button AN.
The requirements for the selection of the size of the capacitor C and the resistor R2 are: in the charging process that the normally closed contact of any one of the three pressure acquisition units is self-connected, the control voltage which is greater than the opening voltage | ugs (th) of the seventh field effect transistor Q7 and is obtained at the two ends of the resistor R2 is kept after the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 controls the fourth field effect transistor Q4 to enter the conducting state from the cut-off state through the electrification, and the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 acquires the control voltage from the pressure switch module 700 through the a/D pair and can identify that the control voltage is less than one third of the battery E through the detection.
The excitation/charging source module is used for generating excitation and charging signals for the granary monitoring unit, and comprises an excitation signal program module and a charging signal program module which are controlled and sent by the information transceiving control terminal. The excitation/charging source module is connected with the low-frequency antenna 600 in the granary monitoring unit in a wireless mode. The excitation/charging source module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, and signals transmitted by the excitation/charging source module are controlled by the information receiving and transmitting control terminal. When the information transceiving control terminal outputs the patrol inspection control information to the excitation/charging source module, the excitation/charging source module receives the patrol inspection control information, executes the excitation signal program module and sends an excitation signal, wherein the sent excitation signal contains an excitation code, and the excitation codes in the granary monitoring units in the same granary are consistent; when the information receiving and transmitting control terminal outputs the inspection stopping control information to the excitation/charging source module, the excitation/charging source module receives the inspection stopping control information, the excitation signal program module stops executing, and the excitation/charging source module stops sending the excitation signal. When the information transceiving control terminal outputs the charging control information to the excitation/charging source module, the excitation/charging source module receives the charging control information, executes the charging signal program module and sends a charging signal, wherein the sent charging signal contains a charging code, and the charging codes in the granary monitoring units in the same granary are also set to be consistent; when the information transceiving control terminal outputs the charging stop control information to the excitation/charging source module, the excitation/charging source module receives the charging stop control information, the charging signal program module stops executing, and the excitation/charging source module stops sending the charging signal.
The information transceiving control terminal is an intermediate node and is used for specifically inspecting and receiving the granary monitoring unit in the granary in real time and controlling the output signal of the excitation/charging source module, the information transceiving control terminal is connected with the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 in the granary monitoring unit in a high-frequency wireless mode, the information transceiving control terminal is connected with a granary management information system of a monitoring center through a network and is connected with the excitation/charging source module through a wire or a wireless mode, and corresponding control signals are output to the excitation/charging source module according to requirements; and the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is also connected with control signals to temperature adjusting, moisture removing and ventilating equipment and is connected with an infrared camera shooting and anti-theft end device.
When the information transceiving control terminal requires to inspect the granary monitoring units and outputs inspection control information to the excitation/charging source module, the information transceiving control terminal outputs inspection stopping control information to the excitation/charging source module when the information transceiving control terminal establishes communication connection with more than 3 granary monitoring units in the granary, and transmits inspection information marks to all granary monitoring units in the granary.
When the information transceiving control terminal requires to supplement the electric quantity to the battery E in the granary monitoring unit, charging control information is output to the excitation/charging source module, the information transceiving control terminal sends out a battery full-charge signal to all the granary monitoring units in the granary to be received, and charging stop control information is output to the excitation/charging source module.
When the polling is needed in the charging process, the information receiving and transmitting control terminal immediately outputs the charging stopping control information to the excitation/charging source module and then outputs the polling control information to the excitation/charging source module.
The low-frequency antenna 600 receives a signal from the excitation/charging source module, and sends the signal to the power input terminal of the rectification module 100 and the signal input terminal of the demodulation and decoding control module 200, and the rectification module 100 rectifies and stabilizes the voltage of the signal received by the low-frequency antenna 600 and outputs a working voltage to the power input terminal of the demodulation and decoding control module 200 and the source terminal of the third field-effect transistor Q3.
The demodulation decoding control module 200 demodulates and decodes signals received by the low-frequency antenna 600, the demodulation decoding control module 200 has excitation codes and charging codes, and the demodulation decoding control module 200 compares the demodulated codes with the stored excitation codes and charging codes: when the encoding is excited, a high potential (greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage UGS (th) of the first field effect transistor Q1) is output to the gate of the first field effect transistor Q1, a low potential (less than the turn-on voltage UGS (th) of the second field effect transistor Q2) is output to the gate of the second field effect transistor Q2, the first field effect transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second field effect transistor Q2 is turned off; in order to charge the code, the low potential (smaller than the turn-on voltage ugs (th) of the first fet Q1) is outputted to the gate of the first fet Q1, the high potential (greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage ugs (th) of the second fet Q2) is outputted to the gate of the second fet Q2, the first fet Q1 is turned off, and the second fet Q2 is turned on. The demodulation decoding control module 200 does not receive the excitation encoding and charging encoding signals, outputs a low potential to the gates of the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2, and turns off both the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2.
The demodulation and decoding control module 200 controls the conduction of the third field effect transistor Q3 through the second field effect transistor Q2, during the period that the output of the rectification module 100 is transmitted to the battery charging module 300 through the third field effect transistor Q3 to charge the battery E, the demodulation and decoding control module 200 responds to whether the battery charging module 300 inputs a full battery signal or not, the demodulation and decoding control module 200 waits to receive the full battery signal input by the battery charging module 300, the demodulation and decoding control module 200 outputs a high potential to the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 and a low potential to the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2, the first field effect transistor Q1 is conducted, the second field effect transistor Q2 is cut off, the demodulation and decoding control module 200 temporarily stops the corresponding charging signal, the low potential is output to the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 after 3 seconds of delay, the first field effect transistor Q1 is turned off or is not delayed, and the demodulation and decoding control module 200 has no working power supply, that is, after the battery E is fully charged, the demodulation decoding control module 200 still keeps outputting the low potential to the gate of the second fet Q2, and keeps the control voltage output to the gate of the first fet Q1 unchanged.
When the demodulation decoding control module 200 is not powered, the voltage output to the gates of the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2 is zero, the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2 are cut off, and the pause function automatically disappears.
During the period that the demodulation decoding control module 200 suspends the corresponding charging signal, the demodulation decoding control module 200 does not lose the working power supply, and under the condition, after receiving the excitation code, the suspended charging function is released, namely after receiving the excitation code, the demodulation decoding control module 200 correspondingly charges the signal next time.
The second field effect transistor Q2 is cut off, and the third field effect transistor Q3 is cut off; the second fet Q2 is turned on and the third fet Q3 is turned on.
The third fet Q3 is turned off, the output of the rectifier module 100 cannot charge the battery E through the battery charging module 300 via the third fet Q3, i.e., the third fet Q3 is turned off, and the voltage output by the rectifier module 100 stops charging the battery E through the battery charging module 300 via the third fet Q3. The third fet Q3 is turned on, and the voltage output from the rectifying module 100 charges the battery E through the battery charging module 300 via the third fet Q3.
The battery charging module 300 includes a charging circuit for charging the battery E and a battery E capacity monitoring circuit. The charging output of the battery charging module 300 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E, and the output of the battery E capacity monitoring circuit is connected with the input of the demodulation decoding control module 200 and the input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400.
When any one of the first field effect transistor Q1, the fourth field effect transistor Q4 and the fifth field effect transistor Q5 is turned on, the control voltage UGS between the gate and the source of the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is less than or equal to the turn-on voltage UGS (th), and the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is turned on.
When the first field effect transistor Q1, the fourth field effect transistor Q4 and the fifth field effect transistor Q5 are all turned off, the control voltage UGS applied between the gate and the source of the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is greater than the turn-on voltage UGS (th), and the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is turned off.
The on-off of the fifth field effect transistor Q5 is controlled by a seventh field effect transistor Q7: the seventh field effect transistor Q7 is conducted, and the fifth field effect transistor Q5 is conducted; the seventh fet Q7 is turned off and the fifth fet Q5 is turned off.
The sixth fet Q6 is connected in parallel with the switch of the temperature sensitive switch 500: and controlling the power input path of the battery E to the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400.
The temperature-sensing switch 500 is used for starting the battery E to supply power when overtemperature occurs, and overtemperature real-time alarming is achieved.
The temperature-sensing switch 500 is a passive physical contact switch, and the contacts thereof are normally open, that is: when the temperature-sensitive switch 500 senses that the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the contact of the temperature-sensitive switch 500 is disconnected, and the normal working state is realized; when the temperature-sensitive switch 500 senses that the temperature is higher than or equal to the set temperature, the contact of the temperature-sensitive switch 500 is turned on (closed), and when the temperature-sensitive switch 500 after being turned on senses that the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the contact of the temperature-sensitive switch 500 is restored to the normal working state, i.e., turned off.
Generally, the temperature in the granary is required to be kept below 30 ℃ throughout the year, and the set temperature of the temperature-sensitive switch 500 is as follows: when the temperature is sensed to be higher than or equal to 35 ℃ by the temperature-sensitive switch 500, the battery E is connected to the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 through the temperature-sensitive switch 500, and the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 is powered on to work.
The temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 is used for reading specific temperature and humidity, theft prevention, bin turning, grain discharging, battery E electric quantity and other acquisition sets and correspondingly controlling the acquisition sets to an information receiving and transmitting control terminal, and comprises a temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410, a wireless receiving and transmitting unit 420, a temperature sensor 430, a humidity sensor 440, a high-frequency antenna 450, an indicator light unit 460 and a vibration sensor 470; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 is connected in series with the wireless transceiving unit 420 and the high-frequency antenna 450 in sequence and then is connected with the information transceiving control terminal in a wireless manner; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 is connected with a temperature sensor 430, a humidity sensor 440, a vibration sensor 470, a pressure switch module 700 and a battery charging module 300 through input; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 outputs a grid and indicator light unit 460 which is connected with a fourth field effect transistor Q4; the vibration sensor 470 is connected with the input interruption of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410; the pressure switch module 700 is connected to the A/D input of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410. The temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 is an information processing control unit, collects, processes and uploads corresponding input signals, and correspondingly controls through output according to a processing result, and the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 includes: the system comprises a central processing unit, an input/output interface which is adaptive to an input/output circuit, an EEPROM memory, a corresponding ID code, a program module which is embedded with a corresponding detection identification control program module and a program module which is communicated with an information receiving and transmitting control terminal, and a vibration interrupt service program module; and a voltage monitoring circuit of the battery E is also contained.
When the control voltage obtained from the pressure switch module 700 is smaller than the terminal voltage of the battery E, it indicates that at least one of the normally closed contacts of the three force-receiving buttons AN is on, that is, it indicates that at least one of the force-receiving surfaces of the three force-receiving buttons AN is under a force of less than 5 kgf, and the on time of the normally closed contact is shorter than the time required for the capacitor C to be fully charged, or the on maintaining time of the normally closed contact is shorter than the time required for the capacitor C to be fully charged. The closer the control voltage obtained from the pressure switch module 700 is to the forward voltage drop of the diode D, the more close contact closing is indicated to have just occurred. The greater the control voltage obtained from the pressure switch module 700, the longer the normally closed contact is closed and maintained until the present time. When the control voltage obtained from the pressure switch module 700 is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery E, it indicates that the normally closed contacts of the three stressed buttons AN are all in the state of being disconnected or connected and the time required for maintaining the current state of the capacitor C is longer than or equal to the time required for full charge, that is, when the control voltage obtained from the pressure switch module 700 is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery E, it indicates that the stressed surface stress of the stressed button AN in the granary monitoring unit in the grain stack is longer than or equal to 5 kgf or/and that the stressed button AN with the stressed surface stress of less than 5 kgf is maintained for the current time.
Because the granary monitoring unit arranged in the granary is in a static state at ordinary times, and the time of the granary monitoring unit in the static state is far longer than the time required for filling the capacitor C, when the granary monitoring unit in the granary is in the static state at ordinary times, the control voltage obtained from the pressure switch module 700 is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery E no matter how the stress of the stress surface of the stress button AN is.
Therefore, when the granary monitoring unit is arranged in the grain pile, the stress of the stress surface of the stress button AN is ensured to be more than or equal to 5 kilograms force on the upper layer.
Since the current behaviors of turning over the granary, discharging grains and preventing burglary are captured in real time, the vibration interrupt service program module and the control voltage process obtained from the pressure switch module 700 through the A/D port detection at the initial electrification of the invention are set as follows: when the control voltage acquired from the pressure switch module 700 is detected and identified to be less than or equal to one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E, the current turning over or grain discharging or grain stealing is determined, and the control of turning off the fourth field effect transistor Q4 is taken over; when the control voltage obtained from the pressure switch module 700 is detected and identified to be more than one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E, the situation that the grain is not turned over and put away currently and the grain is not stolen is determined.
After the power-on of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 in the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 is started, a high voltage level is immediately output to the gate of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, and the control voltage obtained from the pressure switch module 700 is detected through the a/D port; outputting a high level to the grid electrode of a fourth field effect transistor Q4, and conducting the fourth field effect transistor Q4 so as to conduct/keep conducting a sixth field effect transistor Q6; detecting and recognizing that the control voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is less than or equal to one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E through an A/D port, determining that the pressure switch module 700 has output information, indicating that the bin turning or grain discharging or grain stealing is currently performed, shielding the vibration sensor 470 from interrupting the application, taking over the turn-off control of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, and uploading the output information of the pressure switch module 700 to an information receiving and transmitting control terminal; if the control voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is detected and identified to be one third greater than the terminal voltage of the battery E through the A/D port, the pressure switch module 700 is determined to have no output information, the vibration sensor 470 is not shielded to interrupt the application, and no output information of the pressure switch module 700 is transmitted to the information transceiving control terminal.
During the power-on working process of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, the vibration sensor 470 is interrupted and is in a non-shielding period, the vibration sensor 470 vibrates, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 responds to an interruption application sent by the vibration sensor 470, detects and identifies that the control voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is less than or equal to one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E through an A/D port, determines that the pressure switch module 700 has output information, indicates that the bin is being turned over or grain is put or grain is stolen at present, shields the interruption application of the vibration sensor 470, takes over the turn-off control of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, and uploads the output information of the pressure switch module 700 to an information receiving and sending control terminal; if the control voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is detected and identified to be one third greater than the terminal voltage of the battery E through the A/D port, the pressure switch module 700 is determined to have no output information, the vibration is determined as interference, the vibration sensor 470 is not shielded to interrupt the application, and no output information of the pressure switch module 700 is transmitted to the information receiving and transmitting control terminal.
The temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 detects and identifies that the control voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is less than or equal to one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E through the A/D port, and shields the temperature and humidity detection and the battery full charge identification until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
The pilot lamp unit 460 includes 6 pilot lamps, the pilot lamp unit 460 is used for turning over the storehouse and putting grain during, warm and humid detection processing control unit 410 discerns and turns over the storehouse or put grain in this position, 6 pilot lamps twinkle are lighted in the control pilot lamp unit 460, 6 pilot lamps set up respectively on six faces of bearing the box of granary monitoring unit to more conveniently turn over the storehouse and put grain in-process and find corresponding granary monitoring unit.
The information receiving and transmitting control terminal is embedded with a storehouse turning quality evaluation program module and a grading alarm program module according to the stealing amount. And executing a bin turning quality evaluation program module when the time period is set to be bin turning, and executing a grading alarm program module according to the theft amount when the time period is set to be anti-theft.
When the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 uploads the output information of the pressure switch module 700 to the information transceiving control terminal, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 waits for the response information of the information transceiving control terminal to the information transceiving control terminal, when the time period is set as turning over or discharging, no matter turning over or discharging, the turning over/discharging identification code is fed back to the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 in the corresponding granary monitoring unit in a unified manner, and if the time period is the turning over time period, the turning over quality is judged; when the time period is set to be antitheft, the antitheft identification code is fed back to the corresponding temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 in the granary monitoring unit, and an antitheft alarm prompt is given; and if the grain release time period is the grain release time period, no evaluation is performed.
The temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 recognizes that the feedback is the silo turning/grain discharging identification code, and the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 lights the indicator lamp in the indicator lamp unit 460. After the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 lights the indicator lamp in the indicator lamp unit 460, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 detects the control voltage output by the pressure switch module 700, sets that the control voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is detected and identified from being equal to the voltage of the battery E end to being less than or equal to two thirds of the voltage of the battery E end for 3 times continuously, and the time of 3 times continuously is less than 10 seconds, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 extinguishes the indicator lamp in the lighted indicator lamp unit 460, otherwise, keeps the indicator lamp in the indicator lamp unit 460 lighted; after the indicator light in the lighted indicator light unit 460 is turned off, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 outputs a low level to the gate of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, and enters a sleep state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
The temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 recognizes that the feedback is the anti-theft identification code, and the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 outputs a low level to the gate of the fourth field effect transistor Q4 and enters a dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
When the information receiving and sending control terminal is in the bin turning time period set by the information receiving and sending control terminal, the bin turning quality is judged: accumulating the granary monitoring units which have output information and are uploaded in the granary in the time period, calculating the ratio of the granary monitoring units to the total amount of the granary monitoring units in the granary, and setting the ratio as follows: the total occupancy rate of the output information is set to be used as an evaluation index of the turning quality, the higher the total occupancy rate of the output information is, the better the turning quality is determined, and the contrary is. The invention sets the following steps: when the total proportion of the output information reaches more than or equal to 95%, the quality of turning over the bin is determined to be excellent; the total proportion of the output information is more than or equal to 85 percent and less than 95 percent, and the quality of turning over the bin is qualified; the total occupied ratio of the output information is less than 85%, and the quality of the turnover bin is determined to be unqualified.
When the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is in the anti-theft time period set by the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, alarm grading judgment is carried out: similarly, from the time period setting to the current time period, accumulating the granary monitoring units which have uploaded the output information in the granary, calculating the ratio of the granary monitoring units to the total amount of the granary monitoring units in the granary, and setting the ratio as follows: the total occupation ratio of the output information is set to be used as an evaluation index of alarm grading, the higher the total occupation ratio of the output information is, the higher the theft quantity is determined, the times of increasing the alarm and the higher the top level of upward alarm layer by layer are set, and the opposite is true. Examples are: if it is assumed that: the lowest level is a specific management layer, the middle level is a local government and a local citizen, and the highest level is a national food service bureau; the invention sets the following steps: the total occupation rate of the output information is less than 10 percent (and more than 0), only alarms to the lowest level management layer, and alarms 2 times a day until the theft prevention is removed; when the total proportion of the output information is more than or equal to 10 percent and less than 50 percent, alarming is carried out on the lowest-level management layer, meanwhile, alarming is carried out on the local government and the citizen in the middle level, and the alarming frequency is increased to 4 times per day until the theft prevention is relieved; the total ratio of output information is more than or equal to 50%, except for the local government and the citizen in the lowest level management layer and the middle level, the system also alarms the national food service bureau in the highest level, and the alarm frequency is increased to 6 times per day until the theft prevention is relieved. The alarm can be displayed through terminals such as a mobile phone, a television, a network and the like.
After the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 in the granary monitoring unit is electrified to control the conduction of the fourth field-effect tube Q4, and the pressure switch module 700 is determined to have output information, the control of the disconnection of the fourth field-effect tube Q4 is taken over, the control is determined by the storehouse turning/grain discharging identification code and the anti-theft identification code returned by the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, and otherwise, the control is determined by the original function. The original function is determined as follows: after the tasks of detecting, identifying and uploading the temperature, the humidity and the battery E full charge mark are finished, outputting a low level to a grid electrode of a fourth field effect transistor Q4; after outputting the low level to the gate of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, if the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 does not lose power, the temperature and humidity detection and uploading continues until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
And the information receiving and transmitting control terminal processes the received temperature and humidity information and performs corresponding cooling and dehumidifying control according to the result.
The process of distributing the granary monitoring units into the grain pile is as follows: and in the grain stacking process, the grain bin monitoring units are placed from bottom to top in a layer thickness of 1.5 meters vertically, the grain bin monitoring units are placed on each layer at intervals of less than 5 meters, and the corresponding ID numbers of the grain bin monitoring units specifically placed on a set layer are recorded into a grain bin management system.
Claims (8)
1. A granary monitoring unit is a sensing monitoring unit arranged at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system in a grain stack, and is connected with an excitation/charging source module and an information transceiving control terminal which are arranged in the same granary through a wireless mode; it is characterized in that the granary monitoring unit comprises: the device comprises a rectification module, a demodulation and decoding control module, a battery charging module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a temperature-sensitive switch, a pressure switch module, a low-frequency antenna, a battery, a first field-effect tube, a second field-effect tube, a third field-effect tube, a fourth field-effect tube, a fifth field-effect tube, a sixth field-effect tube, a seventh field-effect tube and a resistor R3; the low-frequency antenna is connected with an excitation/charging source module in the granary in a wireless mode and receives an excitation/charging source signal sent by the excitation/charging source module; the low-frequency antenna is respectively connected with the input of the rectifying module and the input of the demodulation and decoding control module; the output of the rectification module is respectively connected with the power input of the demodulation decoding control module and the source electrode of the third field effect transistor, the drain electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected with the input of the battery charging module, the gate electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor, the gate electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with one output of the demodulation decoding control module, and the source electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with the cathode of the battery; the charging output of the battery charging module is connected with the power input of the pressure switch module in parallel and then is connected to the positive electrode of the battery; one signal output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, and the other signal output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the demodulation and decoding control module; the grid electrode of the first field effect tube is connected with the other output of the demodulation decoding control module, and the source electrode of the first field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the battery; the control voltage output of the pressure switch module is respectively connected with a gate of the seventh field effect transistor and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module; the grid electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the seventh field effect transistor and one end of the resistor R3 in parallel, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the source electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the grid electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the output of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, and the source electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; a source electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with a source electrode of the seventh field effect tube and one end of the temperature-sensitive switch in parallel and then connected to the anode of the battery, a drain electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with the other end of the temperature-sensitive switch in parallel and then connected to a power supply input of the temperature-humidity acquisition module, and a grid electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with a drain electrode of the first field effect tube, a drain electrode of the fourth field effect tube and a drain electrode of the fifth field effect tube in parallel; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in a wireless mode; the negative electrode of the power supply of the rectifying module, the negative electrode of the power supply of the battery charging module, the negative electrode of the power supply of the temperature and humidity acquisition module and the negative electrode of the power supply of the pressure switch module are connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the pressure switch module comprises: a first pressure acquisition unit, a second pressure acquisition unit, a third pressure acquisition unit, a resistor R2; after the first pressure acquisition unit, the second pressure acquisition unit and the third pressure acquisition unit are connected in parallel, the input end of the first pressure acquisition unit, the second pressure acquisition unit and the third pressure acquisition unit is connected with one end of a resistor R2, and the output end of the first pressure acquisition unit, the second pressure acquisition unit and the third pressure acquisition unit is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the battery; acquiring control voltage from a connecting line of the resistor R2 and the parallel pressure acquisition unit, and respectively leading the control voltage to a gate of the seventh field effect transistor and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module; the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor, the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor are all N-channel enhanced MOS transistors; the third field effect transistor, the sixth field effect transistor and the seventh field effect transistor are all P-channel enhanced MOS transistors.
2. The granary monitoring unit of claim 1, wherein the first pressure obtaining unit, the second pressure obtaining unit and the third pressure obtaining unit each comprise: the device comprises a resistor R1, a stress button, a capacitor C and a diode D; the anode of the capacitor C is connected with the normally closed contact of the stress button in series and then is connected with the cathode of the diode D, and the anode of the diode D is connected with the input end; one end of the normally open contact of the stress button is connected with the anode of the capacitor C, and the other end of the normally open contact of the stress button is connected with the cathode and the output end of the capacitor C after being connected with the resistor R1 in series.
3. The granary monitoring unit according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and humidity acquisition module comprises a temperature and humidity detection processing control unit, a wireless transceiver unit, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a high-frequency antenna, an indicator light unit and a vibration sensor; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is sequentially connected with the wireless transceiving unit and the high-frequency antenna in series and then is connected with the information transceiving control terminal in a wireless mode; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is connected with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, a pressure switch module and a battery charging module in an input mode; the output of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is connected with a grid electrode of a fourth field effect tube and an indicator light unit; the vibration sensor is connected with the input interruption of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit; the pressure switch module is connected with the A/D input of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit.
4. The granary monitoring unit according to claim 3, wherein the indicator light unit comprises 6 indicator lights.
5. The granary monitoring unit according to claim 1, wherein the granary monitoring and managing system comprises a granary management information system arranged in a monitoring center, an information transceiving control terminal, a granary monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module and corresponding cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment, wherein the information transceiving control terminal, the granary monitoring unit and the excitation/charging source module are arranged in each granary; the system comprises an information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary, a cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating device, an excitation/charging source module, a low-frequency wireless mode and a wireless or wired mode, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary is connected with a granary management information system through a communication network, the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is connected with the cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating device through a control signal, the granary monitoring unit is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal of the same granary in a high-frequency wireless mode, and the excitation/charging source module is connected with the granary monitoring unit of the same granary in a low-frequency wireless mode.
6. The granary monitoring unit according to claim 2, wherein the capacitor C is a tantalum capacitor or a niobium capacitor.
7. The granary monitoring unit according to claim 2, wherein the force button is a two-way contact switch, one way being normally open and the other way being normally closed.
8. A method of implementing a granary monitoring unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
the stress surface of the stress button is set as follows: when the stress is more than or equal to 5 kilograms, the normally open contact is closed, and the normally closed contact is opened; when the stress is less than 5 kilograms, the normally open contact is opened, and the normally closed contact is closed;
the granary monitoring unit is arranged in the bearing box, stress surfaces of stress buttons in the three pressure acquisition units are respectively arranged on panels in three directions of coaxial stress of the bearing box in a concave mode, and 6 indicator lamps in the indicator lamp unit are respectively arranged on six surfaces of the bearing box;
thirdly, when the control voltage acquired from the pressure switch module is monitored to be less than or equal to one third of the voltage of the battery end through the A/D port, the current turning over or grain discharging or grain stealing is determined, the uploading pressure switch module outputs information to the information transceiving control terminal, and the information transceiving control terminal transmits back a corresponding identification code according to the current setting:
when the returned identification code is a turning over/discharging identification code, an indicator lamp is turned on: setting the control voltage obtained by the pressure switch module to be detected and identified for 3 times continuously from the voltage equal to the battery end to the voltage less than or equal to two thirds of the battery end, and turning off the lighted indicator light when the time for 3 times continuously is less than 10 seconds, outputting a low level to the grid of the fourth field effect transistor, and entering a dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module loses power,
and secondly, when the returned identification code is the anti-theft identification code, outputting a low level to a grid electrode of the fourth field effect transistor, and entering a dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module loses power.
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| CN109741571A (en) | 2019-05-10 |
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