CN109596171B - Temperature and humidity monitoring unit and implementation method thereof - Google Patents

Temperature and humidity monitoring unit and implementation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109596171B
CN109596171B CN201811501170.2A CN201811501170A CN109596171B CN 109596171 B CN109596171 B CN 109596171B CN 201811501170 A CN201811501170 A CN 201811501170A CN 109596171 B CN109596171 B CN 109596171B
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temperature
module
field effect
humidity
effect transistor
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CN109596171A (en
Inventor
葛智豪
曹博
邵赫
严龑
代晓蕊
刘倩
金珊
徐丹丹
王长宝
凌青华
夏永锋
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NANJING KINGDOM NEW CONTROL INSTRUMENT Co.,Ltd.
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NANJING KINGDOM NEW CONTROL INSTRUMENT CO Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature and humidity monitoring unit and a realization method thereof, wherein the unit comprises: the temperature and humidity acquisition module, the temperature-sensitive switch, the pressure switch module and the fourth to seventh field effect transistors; the output of the pressure switch module is respectively connected with a gate of a seventh field effect transistor and the temperature and humidity acquisition module A/D; the grid of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the output of the temperature and humidity acquisition module; a gate of the sixth field effect transistor is mutually connected with the drains of the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor and one end of the temperature-sensitive switch in parallel, and the drain of the seventh field effect transistor is connected with the gate of the fifth field effect transistor; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in a wireless manner; and a switch of the sixth field effect transistor is spanned on a power supply input path of the battery and the temperature and humidity acquisition module. The method is characterized in that when the output of the pressure switch module is less than or equal to one third of the terminal voltage of the battery, the current turning over or grain discharging or grain stealing is determined, and output information is uploaded to the information receiving and transmitting control terminal.

Description

Temperature and humidity monitoring unit and implementation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of granary safety, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring and uploading the temperature, humidity, turning over a granary, theft prevention and the like in a granary at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system and realizing the method.
Background
As is well known, the storage of grains is easily affected by temperature, humidity and other factors, and may cause problems such as heat generation, mildew, insect pest breeding, etc. In order to reduce loss in the grain storage process and guarantee the quality of grains, the granary monitoring and management system takes corresponding measures according to the specific conditions that the sensing device of the end node monitors the temperature and the humidity of the grains in the uploaded granary, and carries out cooling, moisture removal or turning over treatment. At present, a granary monitoring and management system: according to the specific conditions of temperature and humidity uploaded by a sensing device of a terminal node, automatic completion can be achieved when temperature reduction and/or humidity elimination are needed, but manual participation is needed when the warehouse needs to be turned over, when the responsibility of a worker turning over the warehouse is not strong, the worker may turn over less or even not turn over, and an automatic detection means is not used for monitoring the warehouse turning quality at present unless a manager for monitoring the warehouse turning quality is on site.
As is well known, the sensing device node used for preventing burglary at the tail end in the granary monitoring and management system is generally a human body infrared sensor and/or a camera, and once other people break through the defense line of the human body infrared sensor and the camera, grains can be stolen. It is also known that most of grain storage adopts an accumulation type, and pressure change in a granary can be caused by reduction of grain accumulation and/or collapse of accumulated grains. When the grain is stolen, the grain accumulation amount can be reduced, and even the accumulated grain is collapsed. At present: during the anti-theft period, no terminal node of the granary monitoring and management system assists in anti-theft for the sensing device of pressure change in the stacked granary.
As is well known, the nodes of the temperature and humidity sensing devices, the ends of which are arranged in the stacked grain bin, in the monitoring and management system of the grain bin are required to be distributed in the grain stack, and the nodes of the temperature and humidity sensing devices in the grain stack are arranged in a horizontal direction with a row-column spacing not greater than 5 m and a vertical direction with a spacing not greater than 3 m, and the nodes of the temperature and humidity sensing devices are divided into two types, namely wireless (such as temperature and humidity sensing device nodes based on Zigbee technology) and wired (such as inserted rod type temperature and humidity sensing device nodes), from a communication mode. The temperature and humidity sensing device node in a wired mode is convenient to supply power, but is inconvenient to arrange in a grain pile; the wireless temperature and humidity sensing device nodes are conveniently buried in the grain pile, but the power supply needs to be wireless and/or battery-powered, and no battery is used for supplying power, so that the wireless temperature and humidity sensing device nodes cannot be monitored in real time if the temperature and humidity exceed the limit, namely cannot be uploaded to a granary monitoring and management system. The wired temperature and humidity sensing device can not only facilitate regular inspection of a granary monitoring and management system, but also facilitate real-time uploading of temperature and humidity overrun to the granary monitoring and management system when the granary monitoring and management system is not in an inspection period, and the wired temperature and humidity sensing device can be in a live working state at any time because the wired temperature and humidity sensing device is convenient to supply power, but the wired temperature and humidity sensing device node is inconvenient to arrange in a stacked granary; the wireless mode temperature and humidity sensing device node can make things convenient for the granary monitoring management system to patrol and examine regularly, and the temperature and humidity sensing device node of wireless mode is located and is piled up the formula granary and convenient than the temperature and humidity sensing device node of wired mode, but the granary monitoring management system is not in the period of patrolling and examining, if the temperature and humidity transfinites and need to upload to the granary monitoring management system in real time, the temperature and humidity sensing device node of wireless mode must be from taking the power supply battery, because the electric quantity of battery is limited, so must consider under the energy-conserving state, the granary monitoring management system is not in the period of patrolling and examining, if the temperature and humidity transfinites and uploads to the granary monitoring management system in real time, need consider the problem of conveniently supplementing the electric quantity. According to the prior art, no good scheme is provided, the energy-saving problem of the wireless temperature and humidity sensing device with the temperature and humidity over-limit real-time uploading to the granary monitoring and management system is solved, and the battery power supply problem is solved.
It is well known that: the higher the temperature is, the lower the safety moisture content of the grain is, and the water content of the grain is reduced by 1 percent when the temperature of the grain pile is increased by 5 ℃ according to the inspection. Thus, when the temperature rises, the original moisture content is maintained, and the grain deterioration is accelerated. Therefore, when the temperature rises to the limit, real-time prompting is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art and provides a temperature and humidity monitoring unit and an implementation method thereof, wherein ① has functions of routing inspection and overtemperature real-time alarm, ② integrates prompting and alarm when a warehouse is turned over and a theft behavior occurs, ③ batteries are full, routing inspection excitation signals are generated, overtemperature, warehouse turning over, grain discharging is performed, and the batteries are powered to work when any behavior of theft occurs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a temperature and humidity monitoring unit is a sensing monitoring unit arranged at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system in a grain stack, and is connected with an excitation/charging source module and an information transceiving control terminal which are arranged in the same granary through a wireless mode; the temperature and humidity monitoring unit comprises: the device comprises a rectification module, a demodulation and decoding control module, a battery charging module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a temperature-sensitive switch, a pressure switch module, a low-frequency antenna, a battery, a first field-effect tube, a second field-effect tube, a third field-effect tube, a fourth field-effect tube, a fifth field-effect tube, a sixth field-effect tube, a seventh field-effect tube and a resistor R3; the low-frequency antenna is connected with an excitation/charging source module in the granary in a wireless mode and receives an excitation/charging source signal sent by the excitation/charging source module; the low-frequency antenna is respectively connected with the input of the rectifying module and the input of the demodulation and decoding control module; the output of the rectification module is respectively connected with the power input of the demodulation decoding control module and the source electrode of the third field effect transistor, the drain electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected with the input of the battery charging module, the gate electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor, the gate electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with one output of the demodulation decoding control module, and the source electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with the cathode of the battery; the charging output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the pressure switch module in parallel and then is connected to the positive electrode of the battery; one signal output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, and the other signal output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the demodulation and decoding control module; the grid electrode of the first field effect tube is connected with the other output of the demodulation decoding control module, and the source electrode of the first field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the battery; the output of the pressure switch module is respectively connected with a gate of the seventh field effect transistor and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module; the grid electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the seventh field effect transistor and one end of the resistor R3 in parallel, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the source electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the grid electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the output of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, and the source electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; a source electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with a source electrode of the seventh field effect tube in parallel and then connected with the anode of the battery, a drain electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with a power supply input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, a gate electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with a drain electrode of the first field effect tube, a drain electrode of the fourth field effect tube, a drain electrode of the fifth field effect tube and one end of the temperature-sensitive switch in parallel, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive switch is connected with the cathode of the battery; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in a wireless mode; and the power supply cathode of the rectification module, the power supply cathode of the battery charging module, the power supply cathode of the temperature and humidity acquisition module and the power supply cathode of the pressure switch module are connected with the cathode of the battery.
The pressure switch module described above includes: a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a stress button and a capacitor; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the battery, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the capacitor after being connected with the normally closed contact of the stress button in series, the anode of the capacitor is connected with the normally open contact of the stress button and the resistor R1 in series and then is connected with the cathode of the capacitor, and the cathode of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of the battery; and a gate of a seventh field effect transistor and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module are respectively connected to connecting wires of a normally closed contact of the stressed button and the resistor R2 through leads.
The first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor, the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor are all N-channel enhanced MOS transistors; the third field effect transistor, the sixth field effect transistor and the seventh field effect transistor are all P-channel enhanced MOS transistors.
The temperature and humidity acquisition module comprises a temperature and humidity detection processing control unit, a wireless transceiving unit, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a high-frequency antenna, an indicator light and a vibration sensor; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is sequentially connected with the wireless transceiving unit and the high-frequency antenna in series and then is connected with the information transceiving control terminal in a wireless mode; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is connected with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, a pressure switch module and a battery charging module in an input mode; the output of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is connected with a grid and an indicator light of a fourth field effect tube; the vibration sensor is connected with the input interruption of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit; the pressure switch module is connected with the A/D input of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit.
The granary monitoring and managing system comprises a granary management information system arranged in a monitoring center, an information receiving and transmitting control terminal, a temperature and humidity monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module and corresponding cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit and the excitation/charging source module are arranged in each granary; the system comprises an information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary, a temperature and humidity monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module, a low-frequency wireless communication module and a granary management information system, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary is connected with the granary management information system through a communication network, the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is connected with cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment through control signals, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same granary in a high-frequency wireless mode, the excitation/charging source module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same granary in a wireless or.
The capacitor C is a tantalum leakage capacitor or a niobium capacitor.
The stress button is a double-path contact switch, one path is normally open, and the other path is normally closed.
In order to achieve the above object, another technical solution of the present invention is:
a realization method of a temperature and humidity monitoring unit comprises the following steps:
⑴ the stress button has stress surface with normal open contact and normal close contact when the stress is greater than or equal to 5 kg-force and normal close contact when the stress is less than 5 kg-force;
⑵ temperature and humidity monitoring unit is arranged in the bearing box, the stress surface of the stress button is arranged on the panel of the bearing box in a concave mode, namely the stress surface of the stress button is recessed into the panel of the bearing box;
⑶ setting when the A/D port monitors that the output of the pressure switch module is less than or equal to one third of the battery terminal voltage, the current turning over of the barn or the grain release or the grain theft is determined, the uploading pressure switch module has output information to the information transceiving control terminal, and the information transceiving control terminal returns corresponding identification code according to the current setting:
① when the returned identification code is a turning over/discharging identification code, turning on the indicator light, setting that the output of the pressure switch module is detected and identified from the voltage equal to the battery end to less than two thirds of the battery end for 2 times continuously, and the time of 2 times continuously is less than 5 seconds, turning off the indicator light, outputting low level to the grid of the fourth field effect tube, and entering into a dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power,
② when the returned identification code is the anti-theft identification code, outputting low level to the grid of the fourth field effect transistor, and entering into the dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
Has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a temperature and humidity monitoring unit and an implementation method thereof. ① has functions of routing inspection and overtemperature real-time alarm, ② has functions of prompting and alarming when a warehouse turning and stealing behavior occurs, ③ is full of batteries, routing inspection excitation signals and overtemperature, the batteries supply power to work after any condition of the pressure switch module generating the excitation signals occurs, so that the batteries are favorable for energy conservation, ④ generates the excitation signals which can be used as the signals of the warehouse turning behavior and the signals of the stealing behavior, so that the warehouse turning behavior and the stealing behavior are monitored in real time, ⑤ lights an indicator lamp after the warehouse turning and the grain discharging behavior occur, so that the temperature and humidity monitoring unit can be found in the warehouse turning and grain discharging processes, and the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is reset.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a temperature and humidity monitoring unit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection relationship between a temperature and humidity monitoring unit of the present invention and a sensor monitoring unit arranged in a grain bulk at the end of a granary monitoring and management system, and an excitation/charging source module and an information transceiving control terminal in the same granary;
in the figure: 100. the system comprises a rectification module 200, a demodulation decoding control module 300, a battery charging module 400, a temperature and humidity acquisition module 500, a temperature sensing switch 700, a pressure switch module 600, a low-frequency antenna, a battery E, a Q1, a Q2, a Q3, a Q4, a Q5, a Q6, a Q7, a first field-effect tube, a seventh field-effect tube, a temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410, a wireless transceiving unit 420, a temperature sensor 430, a humidity sensor 440, a high-frequency antenna 450, an indicator light 460, a vibration sensor 470, an AN. stress button, a C capacitor, R1, R2, an R3 resistor, an A1, A2 and a An. temperature and humidity monitoring unit, and n is the number of the temperature and humidity monitoring units arranged in a grain bin stack.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a temperature and humidity monitoring unit is a sensing monitoring unit arranged at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system in a grain stack, and is connected with an excitation/charging source module and an information transceiving control terminal which are arranged in the same granary through a wireless mode; the temperature and humidity monitoring unit comprises: the temperature and humidity sensor comprises a rectifying module 100, a demodulation and decoding control module 200, a battery charging module 300, a temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, a temperature-sensitive switch 500, a pressure switch module 700, a low-frequency antenna 600, a battery E, a first field-effect tube Q1, a second field-effect tube Q2, a third field-effect tube Q3, a fourth field-effect tube Q4, a fifth field-effect tube Q5, a sixth field-effect tube Q6, a seventh field-effect tube Q7 and a resistor R3; the low-frequency antenna 600 is connected with an excitation/charging source module in the granary in a wireless mode and receives an excitation/charging source signal sent by the excitation/charging source module; the low-frequency antenna 600 is respectively connected with the inputs of the rectifying module 100 and the demodulation and decoding control module 200; the output of the rectifying module 100 is respectively connected to the power input of the demodulation decoding control module 200 and the source of the third field effect transistor Q3, the drain of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the input of the battery charging module 300, the gate of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of the second field effect transistor Q2, the gate of the second field effect transistor Q2 is connected to an output of the demodulation decoding control module 200, and the source of the second field effect transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the battery E; the charging output of the battery charging module 300 is connected in parallel with the input of the pressure switch module 700 and then connected to the positive electrode of the battery E; one signal output of the battery charging module 300 is connected with the input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, and the other signal output of the battery charging module 300 is connected with the input of the demodulation decoding control module 200; the gate of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the other output of the demodulation decoding control module 200, and the source of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the cathode of the battery E; the output of the pressure switch module 700 is connected to the gate of the seventh fet Q7 and the a/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, respectively; the grid electrode of the fifth field-effect tube Q5 is connected in parallel with the drain electrode of the seventh field-effect tube Q7 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery E, and the source electrode of the fifth field-effect tube Q5 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery E; the grid electrode of the fourth field-effect tube Q4 is connected with the output of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, and the source electrode of the fourth field-effect tube Q4 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery E; the source of the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is connected with the source of the seventh field effect transistor Q7 in parallel and then connected with the positive electrode of the battery E, the drain of the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is connected with the power input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, the gate of the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is connected with the drain of the first field effect transistor Q1, the drain of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, the drain of the fifth field effect transistor Q5 and one end of the temperature sensitive switch 500 in parallel, and the other end of the temperature sensitive switch 500 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery E; the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in a wireless mode; the negative electrode of the power supply of the rectifying module 100, the negative electrode of the power supply of the battery charging module 300, the negative electrode of the power supply of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 and the negative electrode of the power supply of the pressure switch module 700 are connected with the negative electrode of the battery E.
The first field-effect transistor Q1, the second field-effect transistor Q2, the fourth field-effect transistor Q4 and the fifth field-effect transistor Q5 are all N-channel enhancement type MOS transistors; the third fet Q3, the sixth fet Q6, and the seventh fet Q7 are P-channel enhancement MOS transistors.
The granary monitoring and managing system comprises a granary management information system arranged in a monitoring center, an information receiving and transmitting control terminal, a temperature and humidity monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module and corresponding cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit and the excitation/charging source module are arranged in each granary; the system comprises an information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary, a temperature and humidity monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module, a low-frequency wireless communication module and a granary management information system, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary is connected with the granary management information system through a communication network, the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is connected with cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment through control signals, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same granary in a high-frequency wireless mode, the excitation/charging source module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same granary in a wireless or.
The pressure switch module 700 described above includes: a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a stress button AN and a capacitor C; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the normally closed contact of the stress button AN in series and then is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor C, the positive electrode of the capacitor C is connected with the normally open contact of the stress button AN in series and the resistor R1 and then is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C is connected with the negative electrode of the battery E; the normally closed contact of the stressed button AN and the connecting wire of the resistor R2 are respectively connected with the gate of the seventh field effect transistor Q7 and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 through leads.
The stress button AN is a double-path contact switch, one path is normally open, the other path is normally closed, and the stress surface of the stress button AN is set as follows: when the stress is more than or equal to 5 kilograms, one normally open contact is closed, and one normally closed contact is opened; when the stress is less than 5 kilograms, one path of normally open contact is opened (kept normally open), and one path of normally closed contact is closed (kept normally closed). That is, when the stress of the stress surface of the stress button AN is greater than or equal to 5 kgf, one normally open contact is closed, and one normally closed contact is opened, and when the stress of the stress surface of the stress button AN is less than 5 kgf, one normally open contact is returned to be opened, and one normally closed contact is returned to be connected (closed). The temperature and humidity monitoring unit is arranged in the bearing box, and the stress surface of the stress button AN is arranged on the panel of the temperature and humidity monitoring unit bearing box in a concave mode, namely the stress surface of the stress button AN is concave into the panel of the bearing box, so that the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is not easily influenced by external pressure to trigger the power supply circuit of the battery E to be electrified in the transportation and standby storage processes, and the service life of the battery E is prolonged.
The capacitor C described above is selected to have a small leakage current, such as a tantalum capacitor and a niobium capacitor.
In the pressure switch module 700, the battery E passes through a charging circuit formed by the resistor R2, the normally closed contact of the force button AN, and the capacitor C, and the opening and closing of the charging circuit is controlled by the normally closed contact of the force button AN. The normally closed contact of the stressed button AN is disconnected, the charging circuit formed by the resistor R2 and the capacitor C which are connected in series is disconnected, the normally open contact of the stressed button AN is connected, and the capacitor C discharges through the resistor R1. Under the condition of ensuring safety, the resistor R1 is as small as possible to ensure that the capacitor C is discharged in a short time when the stress surface of the stress button AN is stressed by more than or equal to 5 kilograms force, namely after the normally open contact of the stress button AN is switched on. The voltage at the connection end of the resistor R2 and the normally closed contact of the stressed button AN is used as AN output signal, and the output signal is led to the grid of the seventh field effect transistor Q7 and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400. In the charging process of the battery E through a charging loop formed by the resistor R2, the normally closed contact of the stress button AN and the capacitor C, the voltage on the connecting end of the resistor R2 and the normally closed contact of the stress button AN is gradually increased from zero to be close to the terminal voltage of the battery E along with the charging of the capacitor C, and when the capacitor C is fully charged or the normally closed contact of the stress button AN is disconnected, the voltage on the connecting end of the resistor R2 and the normally closed contact of the stress button AN is the terminal voltage of the battery E. Therefore, the normally closed contact of the stressed button AN is turned on, the seventh fet Q7 is turned on, and the seventh fet Q7 is turned off again from on with the charging of the capacitor C or the turning off of the normally closed contact of the stressed button AN. The requirements for the selection of the size of the capacitor C and the resistor R2 are: during charging, the turn-on voltage | U of the seventh FET Q7 obtained from the two ends of the resistor R2 is greater than or equal toGS(th)| the control voltage is maintained until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 is powered on to control the fourth fet Q4 to enter the on state from the off state, and the output detection of the pressure switch module 700 by the a/D can identify that the voltage is less than one third of the battery E.
The excitation/charging source module is used for generating excitation and charging signals for the temperature and humidity monitoring unit and comprises an excitation signal program module and a charging signal program module which are controlled and sent by the information transceiving control terminal. The excitation/charging source module is connected with the low-frequency antenna 600 in the temperature and humidity monitoring unit in a wireless mode. The excitation/charging source module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, and signals transmitted by the excitation/charging source module are controlled by the information receiving and transmitting control terminal. When the information transceiving control terminal outputs the patrol inspection control information to the excitation/charging source module, the excitation/charging source module receives the patrol inspection control information, executes the excitation signal program module, and sends an excitation signal, wherein the sent excitation signal contains an excitation code, and the excitation codes in the temperature and humidity monitoring units in the same granary are consistent; when the information receiving and transmitting control terminal outputs the inspection stopping control information to the excitation/charging source module, the excitation/charging source module receives the inspection stopping control information, the excitation signal program module stops executing, and the excitation/charging source module stops sending the excitation signal. When the information transceiving control terminal outputs the charging control information to the excitation/charging source module, the excitation/charging source module receives the charging control information, executes the charging signal program module, sends out a charging signal, the sent out charging signal contains a charging code, and the charging codes in the same granary temperature and humidity monitoring unit are set to be consistent; when the information transceiving control terminal outputs the charging stop control information to the excitation/charging source module, the excitation/charging source module receives the charging stop control information, the charging signal program module stops executing, and the excitation/charging source module stops sending the charging signal.
The information transceiving control terminal is an intermediate node and is used for specifically inspecting and receiving the temperature and humidity monitoring unit in the granary in real time and controlling the output signal of the excitation/charging source module, the information transceiving control terminal is connected with the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 in the temperature and humidity monitoring unit in a high-frequency wireless mode, the information transceiving control terminal is connected with a granary management information system of a monitoring center through a network and is connected with the excitation/charging source module through a wire or a wireless mode, and corresponding control signals are output to the excitation/charging source module according to requirements; and the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is also connected with control signals to temperature adjusting, moisture removing and ventilating equipment and is connected with an infrared camera shooting and anti-theft end device.
When the information transceiving control terminal requires to patrol the temperature and humidity monitoring units, patrol control information is output to the excitation/charging source module, and when the information transceiving control terminal establishes communication connection with more than 3 temperature and humidity monitoring units in the granary, the information transceiving control terminal outputs the patrol stop control information to the excitation/charging source module and transmits patrol information marks to all the temperature and humidity monitoring units in the grain stack.
When the information transceiving control terminal requires to supplement electric quantity to the battery E in the temperature and humidity monitoring units, charging control information is output to the excitation/charging source module, the information transceiving control terminal sends out a battery full charge signal to all the temperature and humidity monitoring units in the granary to be received, and charging stop control information is output to the excitation/charging source module.
When the polling is needed in the charging process, the information receiving and transmitting control terminal immediately outputs the charging stopping control information to the excitation/charging source module and then outputs the polling control information to the excitation/charging source module.
The low-frequency antenna 600 receives a signal from the excitation/charging source module, and sends the signal to the power input terminal of the rectification module 100 and the signal input terminal of the demodulation and decoding control module 200, and the rectification module 100 rectifies and stabilizes the voltage of the signal received by the low-frequency antenna 600 and outputs a working voltage to the power input terminal of the demodulation and decoding control module 200 and the source terminal of the third field-effect transistor Q3.
The demodulation decoding control module 200 demodulates and decodes signals received by the low-frequency antenna 600, the demodulation decoding control module 200 has excitation codes and charging codes, and the demodulation decoding control module 200 compares the demodulated codes with the stored excitation codes and charging codes: for activating the code, a high potential (greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage U of the first field effect transistor Q1) is outputGS(th)) To the gate of the first FET Q1, a low potential is output (less than the turn-on voltage U of the second FET Q2)GS(th)) To the gate of the second field effect transistor Q2, the first field effect transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second field effect transistor Q2 is turned off; when the charge coding is performed, a low potential (less than the starting voltage U of the first field effect transistor Q1) is outputGS(th)) To the gate of the first FET Q1, a high voltage level is output (greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage U of the second FET Q2)GS(th)) Gate to a second field effect transistor Q2The first fet Q1 is turned off, and the second fet Q2 is turned on. The demodulation decoding control module 200 does not receive the excitation encoding and charging encoding signals, outputs a low potential to the gates of the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2, and turns off both the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2.
The demodulation and decoding control module 200 controls the conduction of the third field effect transistor Q3 through the second field effect transistor Q2, during the period that the output of the rectification module 100 is transmitted to the battery charging module 300 through the third field effect transistor Q3 to charge the battery E, the demodulation and decoding control module 200 responds to whether the battery charging module 300 inputs a full battery signal or not, the demodulation and decoding control module 200 waits to receive the full battery signal input by the battery charging module 300, the demodulation and decoding control module 200 outputs a high potential to the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 and a low potential to the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2, the first field effect transistor Q1 is conducted, the second field effect transistor Q2 is cut off, the demodulation and decoding control module 200 temporarily stops the corresponding charging signal, the low potential is output to the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 after 3 seconds of delay, the first field effect transistor Q1 is turned off or is not delayed, and the demodulation and decoding control module 200 has no working power supply, that is, after the battery E is fully charged, the demodulation decoding control module 200 still keeps outputting the low potential to the gate of the second fet Q2, and keeps the control voltage output to the gate of the first fet Q1 unchanged.
When the demodulation decoding control module 200 is not powered, the voltage output to the gates of the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2 is zero, the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2 are cut off, and the pause function automatically disappears.
During the period that the demodulation decoding control module 200 suspends the corresponding charging signal, the demodulation decoding control module 200 does not lose the working power supply, and under the condition, after receiving the excitation code, the suspended charging function is released, namely after receiving the excitation code, the demodulation decoding control module 200 correspondingly charges the signal next time.
The second field effect transistor Q2 is cut off, and the third field effect transistor Q3 is cut off; the second fet Q2 is turned on and the third fet Q3 is turned on.
The third fet Q3 is turned off, the output of the rectifier module 100 cannot charge the battery E through the battery charging module 300 via the third fet Q3, i.e., the third fet Q3 is turned off, and the voltage output by the rectifier module 100 stops charging the battery E through the battery charging module 300 via the third fet Q3. The third fet Q3 is turned on, and the voltage output from the rectifying module 100 charges the battery E through the battery charging module 300 via the third fet Q3.
The battery charging module 300 includes a charging circuit for charging the battery E and a battery E capacity monitoring circuit. The charging output of the battery charging module 300 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E, and the output of the battery E capacity monitoring circuit is connected with the input of the demodulation decoding control module 200 and the input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400.
When any one of the first, fourth, fifth and temperature sensitive switches Q1, Q4, Q5 is turned on, a control voltage U is applied between the gate and the source of the sixth FET Q6GSLess than or equal to its turn-on voltage UGS(th)And the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is on.
When the switches of the first FET Q1, the fourth FET Q4, the fifth FET Q5 and the temperature sensitive switch 500 are all turned off, the control voltage U applied between the gate and the source of the sixth FET Q6GSGreater than its turn-on voltage UGS(th)And the sixth field effect transistor Q6 is turned off.
The on-off of the fifth field effect transistor Q5 is controlled by a seventh field effect transistor Q7: the seventh field effect transistor Q7 is conducted, and the fifth field effect transistor Q5 is conducted; the seventh fet Q7 is turned off and the fifth fet Q5 is turned off.
The temperature-sensing switch 500 is used for triggering and starting the battery E to supply power when overtemperature occurs, and overtemperature real-time alarming is achieved.
The temperature-sensing switch 500 is a passive physical contact switch, and the contacts thereof are normally open, that is: when the temperature-sensitive switch 500 senses that the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the contact of the temperature-sensitive switch 500 is disconnected, and the normal working state is realized; when the temperature-sensitive switch 500 senses that the temperature is higher than or equal to the set temperature, the contact of the temperature-sensitive switch 500 is turned on (closed), and when the temperature-sensitive switch 500 after being turned on senses that the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the contact of the temperature-sensitive switch 500 is restored to the normal working state, i.e., turned off.
Generally, the temperature in the granary is required to be kept below 30 ℃ throughout the year, and the set temperature of the temperature-sensitive switch 500 is as follows: the temperature of 30 ℃ plus 5 ℃, namely when the temperature sensing switch 500 senses that the temperature is more than or equal to 35 ℃, the temperature sensing switch 500 is switched on.
The temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 is used for reading specific temperature and humidity, theft prevention, turning over a warehouse, grain discharging, battery E electric quantity and other acquisition sets and correspondingly controlling the acquisition sets to an information receiving and transmitting control terminal, and comprises a temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410, a wireless receiving and transmitting unit 420, a temperature sensor 430, a humidity sensor 440, a high-frequency antenna 450, an indicator lamp 460 and a vibration sensor 470; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 is connected in series with the wireless transceiving unit 420 and the high-frequency antenna 450 in sequence and then is connected with the information transceiving control terminal in a wireless manner; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 is connected with a temperature sensor 430, a humidity sensor 440, a vibration sensor 470, a pressure switch module 700 and a battery charging module 300 through input; the output of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 is connected with the grid of a fourth field effect transistor Q4 and an indicator lamp 460; the vibration sensor 470 is connected with the input interruption of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410; the pressure switch module 700 is connected to the A/D input of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410. The temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 is an information processing control unit, collects, processes and uploads corresponding input signals, and correspondingly controls through output according to a processing result, and the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 includes: the system comprises a central processing unit, an input/output interface which is adaptive to an input/output circuit, an EEPROM memory, a corresponding ID code, a program module which is embedded with a corresponding detection identification control program module and a program module which is communicated with an information receiving and transmitting control terminal, and a vibration interrupt service program module; and a voltage monitoring circuit of the battery E is also contained.
When the output of the pressure switch module 700 is smaller than the terminal voltage of the battery E, it indicates that the normally closed contact of the stressed button AN is on, that is, the stressed surface of the stressed button AN is stressed by less than 5 kgf, and the time for which the normally closed contact is on is shorter than the time required for the capacitor C to be fully charged, or the time for which the normally closed contact is on to be maintained is shorter than the time required for the capacitor C to be fully charged. When the voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is closer to zero voltage, it indicates that the normally closed contact is just turned on, and when the voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is larger, it indicates that the normally closed contact is turned on and maintained for a longer time. When the output of the pressure switch module 700 is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery E, it indicates that the normally closed contact of the force-receiving button AN is in AN off state or the normally closed contact is on and maintained until the current time is longer than the time required for the capacitor C to be fully charged, i.e., when the terminal voltage of the battery E is output by the pressure switch module 700, it indicates that the force-receiving surface of the force-receiving button AN is greater than or equal to 5 kgf or that the normally closed contact is on and maintained until the current time is long.
Because the temperature and humidity monitoring unit arranged in the grain stack is in a static state at ordinary times, and the time of the static state is far longer than the time required for filling the capacitor C, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit in the grain stack is in the static state at ordinary times, and the output of the pressure switch module 700 is equal to zero voltage no matter how the stress of the stress surface of the stress button AN is.
Therefore, when the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is arranged in the grain pile, the stress surface of the stress button AN on the upper layer is ensured to be more than or equal to 5 kilograms force.
Because the current behaviors of turning over the granary, discharging grains and preventing burglary are captured in real time, the vibration interrupt service program module and the output process of the pressure switch module 700 which is initially electrified and detected through the A/D port are set as follows: when the output voltage of the pressure switch module 700 is detected to be less than or equal to one third of the output voltage of the battery E, the current turning over or grain discharging or grain stealing is determined, and the control of turning off the fourth field effect transistor Q4 is taken over; when the output voltage of the pressure switch module 700 is detected and identified to be greater than one third of the output voltage of the battery E, the situation that the grain is not turned over and put away currently and the grain is not stolen is determined.
After the power-on of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 in the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 is started, the output of a high level to the grid of a fourth field effect transistor Q4 and the output of the pressure detection switch module 700 through an a/D port are immediately output; outputting a high level to the grid electrode of a fourth field effect transistor Q4, and conducting the fourth field effect transistor Q4 so as to conduct/keep conducting a sixth field effect transistor Q6; the A/D port detects and identifies that the voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is less than or equal to one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E, the pressure switch module 700 is determined to have output information, which indicates that the bin turning or grain discharging or grain stealing is currently performed, the vibration sensor 470 is shielded to interrupt the application, the fourth field effect transistor Q4 is controlled to be turned off, and the output information of the pressure switch module 700 is uploaded to an information receiving and transmitting control terminal; if the output of the pressure switch module 700 is detected and identified to be greater than one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E through the A/D port, the pressure switch module 700 is determined to have no output information, the vibration sensor 470 is not shielded to interrupt the application, and no output information of the pressure switch module 700 is transmitted to the information transceiving control terminal.
During the power-on working process of the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400, the vibration sensor 470 is interrupted and is in a non-shielding period, the vibration sensor 470 vibrates, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 responds to an interruption application sent by the vibration sensor 470, detects and identifies that the output of the pressure switch module 700 is less than or equal to one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E through an A/D port, determines that the pressure switch module 700 has output information, indicates that the bin turning or grain discharging or grain is stolen at present, shields the interruption application of the vibration sensor 470, takes over the turn-off control of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, and uploads the output information of the pressure switch module 700 to an information receiving and transmitting control terminal; if the A/D port detects that the output of the pressure switch module 700 is larger than one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E, the pressure switch module 700 is determined to have no output information, the vibration is determined as interference, the vibration sensor 470 is not shielded to interrupt the application, and no output information of the pressure switch module 700 is transmitted to the information receiving and transmitting control terminal.
The temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 41 detects and identifies that the voltage output by the pressure switch module 700 is less than or equal to one third of the terminal voltage of the battery E through the A/D port, and shields the temperature and humidity detection and the battery full charge identification until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
The indicator lamp 460 is used for identifying that the barn is turned or the grain is discharged at the position during the barn turning and grain discharging, and the indicator lamp flashes and lights up, so that the corresponding temperature and humidity monitoring unit can be found conveniently in the barn turning and grain discharging processes.
The information receiving and transmitting control terminal is embedded with a storehouse turning quality evaluation program module and a grading alarm program module according to the stealing amount. And executing a bin turning quality evaluation program module when the time period is set to be bin turning, and executing a grading alarm program module according to the theft amount when the time period is set to be anti-theft.
When the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 uploads the output information of the pressure switch module 700 to the information transceiving control terminal, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 waits for the response information of the information transceiving control terminal to the information transceiving control terminal, when the time period is set as turning over or discharging, regardless of turning over or discharging, uniformly feeding back a turning over/discharging identification code to the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 in the corresponding temperature and humidity monitoring unit, and if the time period is the turning over time period, performing turning over quality judgment; when the time period is set to be anti-theft, the anti-theft identification code is fed back to the corresponding temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 in the temperature and humidity monitoring unit, and the warning prompt of theft is carried out; and if the grain release time period is the grain release time period, no evaluation is performed.
The temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 recognizes that the feedback is the silo turning/grain discharging identification code, and the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 lights the indicator lamp 460. After the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 lights the indicator lamp 460, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 detects the output of the pressure switch module 700, sets that the output of the pressure switch module 700 is from equal to the voltage of the battery E end to less than or equal to two thirds of the voltage of the battery E end after 2 times of continuous detection and identification, and the time of 2 times of continuous detection is less than 5 seconds, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 extinguishes the lighted indicator lamp 460, otherwise, keeps the indicator lamp lighted 460; after the lighted indicator lamp 460 is turned off, the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 outputs a low level to the gate of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, and enters a sleep state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
The temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 recognizes that the feedback is the anti-theft identification code, and the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit 410 outputs a low level to the gate of the fourth field effect transistor Q4 and enters a dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
When the information receiving and sending control terminal is in the bin turning time period set by the information receiving and sending control terminal, the bin turning quality is judged: accumulating the temperature and humidity monitoring units with output information uploaded in the grain pile in the time period, calculating the ratio of the temperature and humidity monitoring units to the total amount of the temperature and humidity monitoring units arranged in the grain pile, and setting the ratio as: the total occupancy rate of the output information is set to be used as an evaluation index of the turning quality, the higher the total occupancy rate of the output information is, the better the turning quality is determined, and the contrary is. The invention sets the following steps: when the total proportion of the output information reaches more than or equal to 95%, the quality of turning over the bin is determined to be excellent; the total proportion of the output information is more than or equal to 85 percent and less than 95 percent, and the quality of turning over the bin is qualified; the total occupied ratio of the output information is less than 85%, and the quality of the turnover bin is determined to be unqualified.
When the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is in the anti-theft time period set by the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, alarm grading judgment is carried out: similarly, from the time period setting to the current time period, accumulating the temperature and humidity monitoring units which have output information and are uploaded in the grain pile, calculating the ratio of the temperature and humidity monitoring units to the total amount of the temperature and humidity monitoring units arranged in the grain pile, and setting the ratio as follows: the total occupation ratio of the output information is set to be used as an evaluation index of alarm grading, the higher the total occupation ratio of the output information is, the higher the theft quantity is determined, the times of increasing the alarm and the higher the top level of upward alarm layer by layer are set, and the opposite is true. Examples are: if it is assumed that: the lowest level is a specific management layer, the middle level is a local government and a local citizen, and the highest level is a national food service bureau; the invention sets the following steps: the total occupation rate of the output information is less than 10 percent (and more than 0), only alarms to the lowest level management layer, and alarms 2 times a day until the theft prevention is removed; when the total proportion of the output information is more than or equal to 10 percent and less than 50 percent, alarming is carried out on the lowest-level management layer, meanwhile, alarming is carried out on the local government and the citizen in the middle level, and the alarming frequency is increased to 4 times per day until the theft prevention is relieved; the total ratio of output information is more than or equal to 50%, except for the local government and the citizen in the lowest level management layer and the middle level, the system also alarms the national food service bureau in the highest level, and the alarm frequency is increased to 6 times per day until the theft prevention is relieved. The alarm can be displayed through terminals such as a mobile phone, a television, a network and the like.
After the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 in the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is electrified to control the conduction of the fourth field-effect tube Q4, and the pressure switch module 700 is determined to have output information, the control of the turn-off of the fourth field-effect tube Q4 is taken over, the control is determined by the storehouse turning/grain discharging identification code and the anti-theft identification code returned by the information receiving and transmitting control terminal, and otherwise, the control is determined by the original function. The original function is determined as follows: after the tasks of detecting, identifying and uploading the temperature, the humidity and the battery E full charge mark are finished, outputting a low level to a grid electrode of a fourth field effect transistor Q4; after outputting the low level to the gate of the fourth field effect transistor Q4, if the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 does not lose power, the temperature and humidity detection and uploading continues until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
And the information receiving and transmitting control terminal processes the received temperature and humidity information and performs corresponding cooling and dehumidifying control according to the result.
The process of distributing the temperature and humidity monitoring units into the grain pile is as follows: and putting the temperature and humidity monitoring units from bottom to top in a layer thickness of 1.5 meters vertically in the grain stacking process, putting the temperature and humidity monitoring units on each layer at intervals of less than 5 meters, and recording the corresponding ID numbers of the temperature and humidity monitoring units which are specifically put into a set layer into a granary management system.

Claims (7)

1. A temperature and humidity monitoring unit is a sensing monitoring unit arranged at the tail end of a granary monitoring and management system in a grain stack, and is connected with an excitation/charging source module and an information transceiving control terminal which are arranged in the same granary through a wireless mode; it is characterized in that the temperature and humidity monitoring unit comprises: the device comprises a rectification module, a demodulation and decoding control module, a battery charging module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a temperature-sensitive switch, a pressure switch module, a low-frequency antenna, a battery, a first field-effect tube, a second field-effect tube, a third field-effect tube, a fourth field-effect tube, a fifth field-effect tube, a sixth field-effect tube, a seventh field-effect tube and a resistor R3; the low-frequency antenna is connected with an excitation/charging source module in the granary in a wireless mode and receives an excitation/charging source signal sent by the excitation/charging source module; the low-frequency antenna is respectively connected with the input of the rectifying module and the input of the demodulation and decoding control module; the output of the rectification module is respectively connected with the power input of the demodulation decoding control module and the source electrode of the third field effect transistor, the drain electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected with the input of the battery charging module, the gate electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor, the gate electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with one output of the demodulation decoding control module, and the source electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with the cathode of the battery; the charging output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the pressure switch module in parallel and then is connected to the positive electrode of the battery; one signal output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, and the other signal output of the battery charging module is connected with the input of the demodulation and decoding control module; the grid electrode of the first field effect tube is connected with the other output of the demodulation decoding control module, and the source electrode of the first field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the battery; the output of the pressure switch module is respectively connected with a gate of the seventh field effect transistor and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module; the grid electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the seventh field effect transistor and one end of the resistor R3 in parallel, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the source electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the grid electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the output of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, and the source electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; a source electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with a source electrode of the seventh field effect tube in parallel and then connected with the anode of the battery, a drain electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with a power supply input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module, a gate electrode of the sixth field effect tube is connected with a drain electrode of the first field effect tube, a drain electrode of the fourth field effect tube, a drain electrode of the fifth field effect tube and one end of the temperature-sensitive switch in parallel, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive switch is connected with the cathode of the battery; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in a wireless mode; the negative electrode of the power supply of the rectifying module, the negative electrode of the power supply of the battery charging module, the negative electrode of the power supply of the temperature and humidity acquisition module and the negative electrode of the power supply of the pressure switch module are connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor, the fourth field effect transistor and the fifth field effect transistor are all N-channel enhanced MOS transistors; the third field effect transistor, the sixth field effect transistor and the seventh field effect transistor are all P-channel enhanced MOS transistors.
2. The temperature and humidity monitoring unit according to claim 1, wherein the pressure switch module comprises: a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a stress button and a capacitor; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the battery, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the capacitor after being connected with the normally closed contact of the stress button in series, the anode of the capacitor is connected with the normally open contact of the stress button and the resistor R1 in series and then is connected with the cathode of the capacitor, and the cathode of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of the battery; and a gate of a seventh field effect transistor and the A/D input of the temperature and humidity acquisition module are respectively connected to connecting wires of a normally closed contact of the stressed button and the resistor R2 through leads.
3. The temperature and humidity monitoring unit according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and humidity acquisition module comprises a temperature and humidity detection processing control unit, a wireless transceiver unit, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a high-frequency antenna, an indicator light and a vibration sensor; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is sequentially connected with the wireless transceiving unit and the high-frequency antenna in series and then is connected with the information transceiving control terminal in a wireless mode; the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is connected with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, a pressure switch module and a battery charging module in an input mode; the output of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit is connected with a grid and an indicator light of a fourth field effect tube; the vibration sensor is connected with the input interruption of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit; the pressure switch module is connected with the A/D input of the temperature and humidity detection processing control unit.
4. The temperature and humidity monitoring unit according to claim 1, wherein the granary monitoring and management system comprises a granary management information system arranged in a monitoring center, an information transceiving control terminal, a temperature and humidity monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module and corresponding cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment, wherein the information transceiving control terminal, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit and the excitation/charging source module are arranged in each granary; the system comprises an information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary, a temperature and humidity monitoring unit, an excitation/charging source module, a low-frequency wireless communication module and a granary management information system, wherein the information receiving and transmitting control terminal of each granary is connected with the granary management information system through a communication network, the information receiving and transmitting control terminal is connected with cooling, dehumidifying and ventilating equipment through control signals, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same granary in a high-frequency wireless mode, the excitation/charging source module is connected with the information receiving and transmitting control terminal in the same granary in a wireless or.
5. The temperature and humidity monitoring unit according to claim 2, wherein the capacitor is a tantalum capacitor or a niobium capacitor.
6. The temperature and humidity monitoring unit according to claim 2, wherein the force button is a two-way contact switch, one way is normally open, and the other way is normally closed.
7. A method for implementing a temperature and humidity monitoring unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
⑴ the stress button has stress surface with normal open contact and normal close contact when the stress is greater than or equal to 5 kg-force and normal close contact when the stress is less than 5 kg-force;
⑵ temperature and humidity monitoring unit is arranged in the bearing box, the stress surface of the stress button is arranged on the panel of the bearing box in a concave mode, namely the stress surface of the stress button is recessed into the panel of the bearing box;
⑶ setting when the A/D port monitors that the output of the pressure switch module is less than or equal to one third of the battery terminal voltage, the current turning over of the barn or the grain release or the grain theft is determined, the uploading pressure switch module has output information to the information transceiving control terminal, and the information transceiving control terminal returns corresponding identification code according to the current setting:
① when the returned identification code is a turning over/discharging identification code, turning on the indicator light, setting that the output of the pressure switch module is detected and identified from the voltage equal to the battery end to less than two thirds of the battery end for 2 times continuously, and the time of 2 times continuously is less than 5 seconds, turning off the indicator light, outputting low level to the grid of the fourth field effect tube, and entering into a dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power,
② when the returned identification code is the anti-theft identification code, outputting low level to the grid of the fourth field effect transistor, and entering into the dormant state until the temperature and humidity acquisition module 400 loses power.
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