CN109781567A - A method of property is washed away in test cohesive soil starting - Google Patents
A method of property is washed away in test cohesive soil starting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781567A CN109781567A CN201910139389.0A CN201910139389A CN109781567A CN 109781567 A CN109781567 A CN 109781567A CN 201910139389 A CN201910139389 A CN 201910139389A CN 109781567 A CN109781567 A CN 109781567A
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Abstract
The method for washing away property is started the present invention relates to a kind of test cohesive soil, belongs to field of measuring technique, IPC code G01N3/00.This method quickly prepares sticky soil sample using sticky soil sample preparation facilities, property is washed away using the starting of cohesive soil flushing device, sink, water tank connecting device and filming apparatus test cohesive soil, energy is accelerated to prepare the sticky soil sample of various moisture content, property test is washed away in the starting for carrying out cohesive soil well, clearly shoot cohesive soil washes away situation, and carries out accurate DATA REASONING, it is thus also avoided that washes away sink air inlet and impacts to measuring accuracy, it is high-efficient, it is easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The method for washing away property is started the present invention relates to a kind of test cohesive soil, belongs to field of measuring technique, IPC classification
Number be G01N3/00.
Background technique
The Yellow River belongs to heavily silt-carrying river, and often there are many clay layers on riverbank, due to change in water and sand, water Sha Laiyuan in river
Region is different and thickness sedimentation process is different, causes earth formation different, different soil structures is caused to form different rivers
Bank, and different soil structures riverbank leads to phenomena such as lopsided river regime and channel-bank slumping occur to river erosion resistibility difference, and
The river regime that lopsided river regime and channel-bank slumping etc. will cause Lower Reaches of The Yellow River again is unstable, causes a series of problems.Study riverbank cohesive soil
Impact resilience for Yellow River harnessing practice have great theory significance and practical value.
Cohesive soil is a kind of fine grained soil, and grain diameter is superfine, intergranular interaction and its complexity, its physics is special
Property with its water content have close relationship.Soil generally by plasticity index greater than 10 is known as cohesive soil；In hydrostatic or slow stream
Deposition, the cohesive soil through biological chemistry action formation, natural moisture content greater than liquid limit, natural void ratio greater than 1.5 in water environment
Referred to as mud.
It is started in the test for washing away property in cohesive soil, needs to get out sticky soil sample in advance, this allows for sticky soil sample
Be prepared into key.At present viscosity soil sample production method be cohesive soil and water are allowed after mixing evenly in bucket its into
The process of row natural subsidence, this siltation deposition needs the long period, and test also can only reach satisfaction in sticky soil sample deposition and want
Shi Jinhang is sought, test is not able to satisfy with the requirement done with soil sampling, causes test process to be delayed to the long period, interfere research people
The research progress of member.
It is started in the test for washing away property in cohesive soil, need to observe in sink sticky soil sample washes away situation, and measures
A series of test datas, this placement for allowing for sticky soil sample become key.In previous test, often due to placing cohesive soil
The device of sample connect bad and leak or cohesive soil with sink and washes away inoperative, or cannot observe cohesive soil in time and start phenomenon,
Cause test accuracy of observation inaccurate or tests and cannot go on smoothly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for cohesive soil starting wash away sticky soil sample preparation time in test it is long, it is bad place, to influence test whole
The problem of body measuring accuracy and progress, invents a kind of method tested cohesive soil starting and wash away property, to meet cohesive soil starting
Wash away the precision and schedule requirement of test.Technical solution of the invention is as follows:
A method of property is washed away in test cohesive soil starting, comprising:
Step 1: preparing sticky soil sample:
Prepare vaccum-pumping equipment and an organic transparent glass case, the vaccum-pumping equipment is by vacuum barrel and vacuum pump group
At；For the vacuum barrel by the organic transparent glass case connection of a transparent rubber Guan Yiyu, the vacuum barrel is transparent by one
Rubber tube two is connected to the vacuum pump；The vacuum barrel is equipped with pressure gauge；It is spread in the bottom of organic transparent glass case
If one layer of organic transparency glass plate, one layer of permeable geotextiles, the viscosity that will be stirred are laid on organic transparent porous disc
Soil paste is poured on the upper surface of described permeable geotextiles, then, is covered with layer of plastic film on the sticky soil paste surface, is formed true
Dummy status；Starting vacuum pump carries out vacuum and draws water, and observes the pressure gauge on vacuum barrel, according to the requirement of different water cut, preparation
Sticky soil sample；
Step 2: setting includes cohesive soil flushing device, sink, water tank connecting device and filming apparatus:
The filming apparatus is arranged on the sink top, and the lower part of the sink is arranged in the water tank connecting device,
The cohesive soil flushing device is connect by the water tank connecting device with sink.
The cohesive soil flushing device includes top tray, lower tray, galvanized screw, organic transparent glass flange, steel ball, has
Machine transparent glass tube, sealed steel pipe, screw rod and handle.
The steel ball is embedded in 1 bottom of top tray, is connected top tray with lower tray by steel ball.Organic transparent glass
Glass flange includes upper flange and lower flange, and organic transparent glass tube is arranged between the upper flange and lower flange.
The sealed steel pipe upper end is equipped with steel flange, the steel flange and organic transparent glass flange
Lower flange is connected and fixed by galvanized screw.Be equipped among the bottom end of the sealed steel pipe and the steel flange with it is described
The through-hole that the outer diameter of screw rod matches.The lower end of the screw rod is arranged in the handle, and the screw rod sequentially passes through from bottom to up
The through-hole of the sealed steel pipe bottom end, the through-hole of the steel flange and organic transparent glass tube, the screw rod upper end
It is fixedly connected with the lower tray.Internal thread nut is equipped in the through hole of the sealed steel pipe bottom end.In the steel flange
The upper and lower part of the through-hole be respectively provided with a circular groove, a skeleton oil is respectively provided in two circular grooves
Envelope.
The water tank connecting device include the organic transparent glass tube of bottom of gullet and be located at the bottom of gullet it is organic transparent
The sink connecting flange of glass tube bottom end, the bottom of the sink are equipped with matched with the organic transparent glass tube of the bottom of gullet
Opening.The organic transparent glass tube of bottom of gullet is fixed with the opening position of the sink and the sink connecting flange respectively
Connection.
The filming apparatus includes lighting source and video camera, and the lighting source is arranged on the sink inner sidewall,
The video camera is fixed on the bracket of sink by parallel angle steel.
Step 2: placing sticky soil sample:
Swing handle makes top tray drop to the height that can place sticky soil sample, and the cohesive soil prepared is taken out with cutting ring
Sample is placed into top tray；
The sink connecting flange is fixedly connected with the upper flange of organic transparent glass flange by galvanized bolt
Together, rubber pad is equipped between the sink connecting flange and the upper flange of organic transparent glass flange.
Step 3: sink discharges water, test process is recorded:
Swing handle, makes sticky soil sample rise to the position flushed with bottom of gullet, and sink starts to discharge water；To waterflow stabilization
Afterwards, timing starts, and opens the video camera set up, and shooting cohesive soil washes away all processes of starting.
Further, the material of the top tray, lower tray, sealed steel pipe and handle is stainless steel.
The present invention have the advantages that following significant effect and.
1, the steel ball of transmission effect has been set between lower tray and lower tray, when screw rod rotates jacking viscosity soil sample, under
Pallet rotation, top tray not can rotate, and the sticky soil sample placed thereon will not turn in lifting process with the rotation of screw rod
It is dynamic, it keeps sticky soil sample upstream face position constant always, tallies with the actual situation.
2, two outside framework oil seals one on the other are set in the steel flange on sealed steel pipe top, substantially increase leakproofness
Can, it avoids and washes away sink air inlet measuring accuracy is impacted.
3, organic transparent glass flange is set as upper and lower double form of flanges, and organic transparent glass is arranged between upper and lower flange
Pipe is connect as transition connecting structure, using upper flange with water tank connecting device, and during the test or replaces sticky soil sample
When dismantle, it is easy to operate；It is fixedly connected using lower flange and steel flange with sealed steel pipe, during the test or replacement is viscous
It is no longer dismantled when property soil sample, further ensures the leakproofness of entire test device.
4, the present invention uses transparent organic glass case and lucite tube, can preferably observe the preparation of internal viscosity soil sample
With wash away situation.
5, vacuum barrel is used in combination with vacuum pump, can according to testing requirement, it is artificial control sticky soil sample deposition consolidation when
Between and degree, obtain the sticky soil sample of different water cut.
6, each component part of the invention is organically combined, and property is washed away in the starting that can carry out cohesive soil well
Test, clearly shoot cohesive soil washes away situation, and carries out accurate DATA REASONING, it is thus also avoided that sink air inlet is to test essence
Degree impacts, easy to operate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cohesive soil flushing device structure front view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is cohesive soil flushing device longitudinal sectional drawing of the invention.
Fig. 3 is sink and filming apparatus schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 4 is hydraulic model overall structure front view of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the sticky soil sample preparation facilities structural schematic diagram that the present invention uses.
Fig. 6 is organic transparency glass plate top view that the present invention uses.
Wherein, 1 is top tray, and 2 be lower tray, and 3 be galvanized screw, and 4 be organic transparent glass flange, and 5 be sticky soil sample,
6 be steel ball, and 7 be organic transparent glass tube, and 8 be sealed steel pipe, and 9 be screw rod, and 10 be handle, and 11 be sink connecting flange, and 12 are
Lighting source, 13 be video camera, and 14 be sink, and 15 be organic transparency glass plate, and 16 be parallel angle steel, and 17 is organic for bottom of gullet
Transparent glass tube, 18 be rubber pad, and 19 be outside framework oil seal, and 20 be internal thread nut, and 21 be steel flange, and 31 be organic transparent glass
Glass plate, 32 be permeable geotextiles, and 33 be sticky soil paste, and 34 be transparent plastic film, and 35 be stainless-steel vacuum bucket, and 36 be pressure
Table, 37 be vacuum pump, and 38 be aperture, and 39 be transparent rubber pipe one, and 40 be transparent rubber pipe two.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
A method of property is washed away in test cohesive soil starting, comprising:
Step 1: preparing sticky soil sample 5:
Prepare vaccum-pumping equipment and an organic transparent glass case, the vaccum-pumping equipment is by vacuum barrel 35 and vacuum pump 37
Composition；The vacuum barrel 35 is connected to by a transparent rubber pipe 1 with organic transparent glass case, and the vacuum barrel 35 passes through
One transparent rubber pipe 2 40 is connected to the vacuum pump 37；The vacuum barrel 35 is equipped with pressure gauge 36；Described organic
The bottom of bright glass box is laid with one layer of organic transparency glass plate 31, and one layer of permeable soil is laid on organic transparent porous disc 31
The sticky soil paste 33 being stirred is poured on the upper surface of described permeable geotextiles 32 by work cloth 32, then, in 33 table of the sticky soil paste
Face is covered with layer of plastic film 34, forms vacuum state；Starting vacuum pump 37 carries out vacuum and draws water, and observes on vacuum barrel 35
Pressure gauge 36 prepares sticky soil sample 5 according to the requirement of different water cut.
Length, width and height inside organic transparent glass case are having a size of 40cm × 20cm × 20cm, with a thickness of 1cm.It is described to have
The size of machine transparency glass plate 31 is 40cm × 20cm, and with a thickness of 1cm, being evenly equipped with aperture on organic transparency glass plate 31 is
The aperture of 5mm, the hole of adjacent apertures is in the heart away from for 2cm.
Step 2: setting cohesive soil flushing device, sink 14, water tank connecting device and filming apparatus:
The filming apparatus is arranged on 14 top of sink, and the water tank connecting device is arranged under the sink 14
Portion, the cohesive soil flushing device are connect by the water tank connecting device with sink 14.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the cohesive soil flushing device is used to place sticky soil sample 5 and adjusts the height of sticky soil sample 5
Degree, including top tray 1, lower tray 2, galvanized screw 3, organic transparent glass flange 4, steel ball 6, organic transparent glass tube 7, sealing
Steel pipe 8, screw rod 9 and handle 10, the top tray 1, lower tray 2, the material of sealed steel pipe 8 and handle 10 are stainless steel.
The top tray 1,2 thickness of lower tray are 1cm, and steel ball 6 is embedded in 1 bottom of top tray, by steel ball 6 by pop-up
Disk 1 and lower tray 2 connect.Organic transparent glass flange 4 includes upper flange and lower flange, organic transparent glass tube 7
It is arranged between the upper flange and lower flange, organic transparent glass tube 7 the thickness 1cm, high 5cm, internal diameter 8cm.In upper and lower method
Organic transparent glass tube 7 is set between orchid as transition connecting structure, is connect using upper flange with water tank connecting device, and surveying
It is dismantled during examination or when replacing sticky soil sample 5, it is easy to operate.
8 upper end of sealed steel pipe is equipped with steel flange 21, the bottom end of the sealed steel pipe 8 and the steel flange
It is equipped with the through-hole to match with the outer diameter of the screw rod 9 among 21, is passed through for the screw rod 9.21 He of steel flange
The lower flange of organic transparent glass flange 4 is connected and fixed by galvanized screw 3, and during the test and replacement cohesive soil
It is no longer dismantled when sample 5.The lower end of the screw rod 9 is arranged in the handle 10, and the screw rod 9 sequentially passes through described close from bottom to up
Seal the through-hole and organic transparent glass tube 7 of the through-hole of 8 bottom end of steel pipe, the steel flange 21,9 upper end of screw rod with
The lower tray 2 is fixedly connected.Internal thread nut 20 is equipped in the through hole of 8 bottom end of sealed steel pipe.In the stainless steel method
The upper and lower part of the through-hole of orchid 21 is respectively provided with a circular groove, and a skeleton is respectively arranged in two circular grooves
Oil sealing 19, the water that outside framework oil seal 19 can be effectively prevented in test process in sink enter sealed steel pipe 8, and the present invention is in order to improve
Sealing effect, using two outside framework oil seals 19 one on the other, in entire test process, without generating any bubble in sink,
It proves that moisture seal has been effectively ensured using the arrangement of two outside framework oil seals 19 one on the other.
The purpose of the sealed steel pipe 8 is set, first is that guaranteeing the leakproofness of device, air is prevented to enter in sink to test
As a result it impacts, second is that two through-holes up and down in sealed steel pipe 8 can guarantee that screw rod 9 does not occur partially in upper and lower operation
Tiltedly, third is that providing stable fixed point when the cohesive soil flushing device to be fixed in support device.
Rotate stainless steel handle 10 and rotated upwards with screw rod 9, lower tray 2 with screw rod 9 together upward rotary motion, by
It being acted in the transmitting of steel ball 6, top tray 1 and its sticky soil sample 5 above move upwards simultaneously, but viscosity soil sample 5 will not rotate,
It can keep good static soil sample state.
The water tank connecting device include the organic transparent glass tube 17 of bottom of gullet and be located at the bottom of gullet it is organic
The bottom of the sink connecting flange 11 of bright 17 bottom end of glass tube, the sink 14 is equipped with and the organic transparent glass of the bottom of gullet
The matched opening of pipe 17.The organic transparent glass tube 17 of bottom of gullet respectively with the opening position of the sink 14 and the water
Slot connecting flange 11 is fixedly connected, and the preferred integral adhesive of the mode being fixedly connected is together.
The filming apparatus includes lighting source 12 and video camera 13, and the lighting source 12 is arranged in the sink 14
On side wall, the lighting source 12 can make shooting area relatively sharp using light sources such as LED, fluorescent tubes.It is described facing
The video camera 13 is placed above the sink 14 of sticky soil sample 5, a hole is dug on organic transparency glass plate 15, the size in hole is just
The camera lens of video camera 13 can be put in, organic transparency glass plate 15 is fixed with parallel angle steel 16, apart from 14 top of sink
10cm, and can be moved up and down according to the coverage of video camera 13, for moving range within 10cm, parallel 16 other end of angle steel is solid
It is scheduled on the bracket of sink 14, the influence shaken when water reception tank 14 does not discharge water.
Step 3: placing sticky soil sample 5:
Swing handle 10 makes top tray 1 drop to the height that can place sticky soil sample 5, is prepared with cutting ring taking-up viscous
Property soil sample 5 is placed into 1 in top tray；
The organic transparent glass tube 17 of the bottom of gullet is set in the outside of the sticky soil sample 5, the sink connection
Flange 11 and the upper flange of organic transparent glass flange 4 are fixed together by galvanized bolt 3, the sink connection
Rubber pad 18 is equipped between flange 11 and the upper flange of organic transparent glass flange 4.
Step 4: sink 14 discharges water, test process is recorded:
Swing handle 10, makes sticky soil sample 5 rise to the position flushed with 14 bottom of sink, and sink 14 starts to discharge water；To
After waterflow stabilization, timing starts, and opens the video camera 13 set up, and shooting cohesive soil washes away all processes of starting.
Property is washed away in the technical solution provided using present embodiment, the starting that can test cohesive soil well,
And each position is water-tight during the test, and clearly observes that cohesive soil washes away all processes of starting.
When needing to separate the cohesive soil flushing device with the sink 14, dismounting is fixed on the sink connection method
Galvanized bolt 3 between orchid 11 and the upper flange dismounts very convenient；Moreover, organic transparent glass flange 4
Lower flange is no longer dismantled with being fixedly connected for steel flange 21, close between sealed steel pipe 8 and screw rod 9 to avoid destroying
Envelope.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of test cohesive soil starts the method for washing away property characterized by comprising
Step 1: preparing sticky soil sample:
Prepare vaccum-pumping equipment and an organic transparent glass case, the vaccum-pumping equipment is by vacuum barrel (35) and vacuum pump (37)
Composition；The vacuum barrel (35) is connected to by a transparent rubber pipe one (39) with organic transparent glass case, the vacuum barrel
(35) it is connected to by a transparent rubber pipe two (40) with the vacuum pump (37)；The vacuum barrel (35) is equipped with pressure gauge
(36)；It is laid with one layer of organic transparency glass plate (31) in the bottom of organic transparent glass case, described organic transparent permeable
It is laid with one layer of permeable geotextiles (32) on plate (31), the sticky soil paste (33) being stirred is poured on the permeable geotextiles (32)
Above, then, it is covered with layer of plastic film (34) on described sticky soil paste (33) surface, forms vacuum state；Start vacuum
Pump (37) carries out vacuum and draws water, the pressure gauge (36) in observation vacuum barrel (35), according to the requirement of different water cut, preparation viscosity
Soil sample (5)；
Step 2: setting cohesive soil flushing device, sink, water tank connecting device and filming apparatus:
On the sink (14) top, the water tank connecting device is arranged under the sink (14) for the filming apparatus setting
Portion, the cohesive soil flushing device are connect by the water tank connecting device with sink (14)；
The cohesive soil flushing device includes top tray (1), lower tray (2), galvanized screw (3), organic transparent glass flange
(4), steel ball (6), organic transparent glass tube (7), sealed steel pipe (8), screw rod (9) and handle (10)；
The steel ball (6) is embedded in top tray (1) bottom, is connected top tray (1) and lower tray (2) by steel ball (6)；It is described
Organic transparent glass flange (4) includes upper flange and lower flange, organic transparent glass tube (7) setting in the upper flange and
Between lower flange；
Sealed steel pipe (8) upper end is equipped with steel flange (21), the steel flange (21) and organic transparent glass
The lower flange of glass flange (4) is connected and fixed by galvanized screw (3)；The bottom end of the sealed steel pipe (8) and the stainless steel method
The through-hole to match with the outer diameter of the screw rod (9) is equipped among blue (21)；The handle (10) is arranged in the screw rod (9)
Lower end, the screw rod (9) sequentially passes through the through-hole of the sealed steel pipe (8) bottom end, the steel flange from bottom to up
(21) through-hole and organic transparent glass tube (7), screw rod (9) upper end are fixedly connected with the lower tray (2)；Institute
The through hole for stating sealed steel pipe (8) bottom end is equipped with internal thread nut (20)；The steel flange (21) the through-hole it is upper
Portion and lower part are respectively provided with a circular groove, and an outside framework oil seal (19) is respectively provided in two circular grooves；
The water tank connecting device include the organic transparent glass tube of bottom of gullet (17) and be located at the bottom of gullet it is organic transparent
The sink connecting flange (11) of glass tube (17) bottom end, the bottom of the sink (14) are equipped with organic transparent with the bottom of gullet
Glass tube (17) matched opening；The organic transparent glass tube of bottom of gullet (17) opening portion with the sink (14) respectively
Position and the sink connecting flange (11) are fixedly connected；
The filming apparatus includes lighting source (12) and video camera (13), and the lighting source (12) is arranged in the sink
(14) on inner sidewall, the video camera (13) is fixed on the bracket of sink (14) by parallel angle steel (16)；
Step 3: placing sticky soil sample:
Swing handle (10) makes top tray (1) drop to the height that can place sticky soil sample (5), is prepared with cutting ring taking-up
Sticky soil sample (5) is placed into top tray (1)；
The organic transparent glass tube of the bottom of gullet (17) is set in the outside of the sticky soil sample (5), the sink connection
Flange (11) and the upper flange of organic transparent glass flange (4) are fixed together by galvanized bolt (3), described
Rubber pad (18) are equipped between sink connecting flange (11) and the upper flange of organic transparent glass flange (4)；
Step 4: sink (14) discharges water, test process is recorded:
Swing handle (10), makes sticky soil sample (5) rise to the position flushed with sink (14) bottom, and sink (14) starts to put
Water；After waterflow stabilization, timing starts, and opens the video camera (13) set up, and shooting cohesive soil washes away all processes of starting.
2. test cohesive soil according to claim 1 starts the method for washing away property, which is characterized in that the top tray
(1), the material of lower tray (2), sealed steel pipe (8) and handle (10) is stainless steel.
3. test cohesive soil according to claim 1 starts the method for washing away property, which is characterized in that the filming apparatus
Including lighting source (12) and video camera (13), the lighting source (12) is arranged on the sink (14) inner sidewall, described
Video camera (13) is fixed on the bracket of sink (14) by parallel angle steel (16).
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| CN201910139389.0A CN109781567B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Method for testing starting scouring property of clay |
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| CN201910139389.0A CN109781567B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Method for testing starting scouring property of clay |
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| CN109781567B CN109781567B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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| CN110146396A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-20 | 河海大学 | Measure the device and method of the anti-current scour erosion performance of the cementing soil body of microorganism |
| CN111998757A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-27 | 河海大学常州校区 | Device and method for measuring underwater repose angle of cohesive soil |
| CN114279878A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-05 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Test method applied to jet flow scouring of hard clay |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109781567B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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