CN208043356U - A kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of experimental rigs measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage, it solves the problems, such as that the measurement accuracy that composite geo-membrane defect leakage exists in the prior art is not high and real data has deviation, application range to limit to, have the effect of it is simple in structure, easy to operation, can be used for measurement composite geo-membrane defect leakage and high certainty of measurement；Its technical solution is：Including being lifted water head equipment and soil filling device automatically, automatic be lifted at the top of water head equipment and soil filling device is connected to, for adjusting the head pressure being applied to inside soil filling device；The inside of soil filling device configures in order medium coarse sand pervious bed from bottom to up, experiment is banketed, medium coarse sand bed course, composite geo-membrane, medium coarse sand pervious bed；The bottom of soil filling device is had the graduated cylinder opposite with the second discharge outlet of soil filling device bottom, seepage discharge is measured by graduated cylinder by base supports, the inside of pedestal.

Description

A kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage

Technical field

The utility model is related to field of civil engineering more particularly to a kind of experiments measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage Device.

Background technology

Composite geo-membrane is a kind of impermeable material being combined by geomembrane and geotextile, has puncture resistant ability Height, friction coefficient is big, ageing-resistant performance is good, anti-drainability is strong, adapts to the features such as ambient temperature range is big, is widely used to The engineerings such as water conservancy, chemical industry, building, traffic, subway, tunnel, garbage disposal site.But in earth and rockfill dam antiseepage application, due to antiseepage Head is larger, and the defect for easily causing composite geo-membrane (causes the factor that composite geo-membrane defect leaks also very much：Itself material Damage, solder design in problem, work progress are loosely etc.), it destroys and even influences whole steady so as to cause earth-rock dam seepage It is qualitative.

Therefore, influence of the research composite geo-membrane defect leakage to dam body seepage flow is necessary.Existing numerous studies scholar is Many experiences and analytic formula are given to defect leakage, but since formula hypotheses excessively limit to, is measured with Practical Project Data have deviation, can not be widely used in all engineerings.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage Experimental rig, have the effect of it is simple in structure, easy to operation, can be used for measure composite geo-membrane defect leakage.

The utility model uses following technical proposals：

It is a kind of to measure the experimental rig of composite geo-membrane defect leakage, including it is lifted water head equipment and soil filling device automatically, It is connected at the top of automatic lifting water head equipment and soil filling device, for adjusting the head pressure being applied to inside soil filling device；

The inside of soil filling device configures in order medium coarse sand pervious bed from bottom to up, experiment is banketed, medium coarse sand bed course, composite earthwork Film, medium coarse sand pervious bed；

The bottom of soil filling device has the amount opposite with the second discharge outlet of soil filling device bottom by base supports, the inside of pedestal Cylinder, seepage discharge is measured by graduated cylinder.

Further, the automatic lifting water head equipment includes hoisting mechanism and is internally provided with the water tank of ball-cock assembly, It is suspended in midair by hoisting mechanism at the top of water tank；The bottom of water tank is equipped with water inlet pipe, and one side of water tank has overflow port, the overflow port logical Cross the first discharge outlet of water pipe connection soil filling device.

Further, the hoisting mechanism includes holder, and the inner tip of holder installs hoist engine, and hoist engine passes through steel wire The hook of rope connection lifts water tank.

Further, the both sides of the holder are equipped with slidable graduated scale.

Further, the soil filling device include organic glass system at staving, the top of staving is installed by seal washer Head cover；The position that the side of the staving corresponds to medium coarse sand pervious bed is respectively equipped with exhaust pipe, exhaust pipe configuration tongs.

Further, described to test the four outer circumferentials filling antiseepage clay layer to banket.

Further, gauze is laid between the soil layer filled inside the soil filling device.

Further, the composite geo-membrane use two cloth, one film, composite geo-membrane centre position be arranged different shape, The defect of size.

A kind of test method measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage, includes the following steps：

Step (1) is with soil：

Experiment is prepared according to setting ratio to banket, uniformly mixed banketing is positioned over closed container according to optimum moisture content Interior sealing setting time makes the uniform moisture in composite soil be distributed；Soil's water content is filled out described in measurement, after being optimal moisture content It can be used；Otherwise continue seal operation；

Clay method is prepared to be same as above；

Step (2) is banketed：

First layer gauze is placed in the staving inner bottom of clean dried, determines thickness in the laying of first layer gauze upper flat Dry medium coarse sand, strikes off after adding water to medium coarse sand surface；Second layer gauze is placed, the part multilayer filling examination on second layer gauze It tests and bankets；

Step (3) is saturated：

It bankets first to medium coarse sand pervious bed, experiment, medium coarse sand bed course carries out head saturation；Then on medium coarse sand bed course Portion is laid with composite geo-membrane, then carries out head saturation to the medium coarse sand pervious bed on composite geo-membrane top；

Step (4) applies head：

The overflow port of water tank side is connected to the first discharge outlet at the top of soil filling device with water pipe, applies hydraulic pressure from top to bottom, Water bankets through composite geo-membrane, experiment out of staving bottom the second discharge outlet influx cylinder, measures the seepage discharge in setting time；

Step (5) data processing：

A seepage discharge is measured at interval of setting time, records minute, takes and repeatedly measures average value, calculate difference Percolation flow velocity under elevating head.

Further, in the step (2), 5 layers of time-division filling of banketing, every layer banket before first carry out clay retaining wall, then fill out Enter composite soil and hit reality, each layer wants dabbing between banketing, and avoids being layered.

Further, in the step (4), to the defect aperture of each setting, oozing under different head heights can be measured Flow；For so that seepage flow is reached a stable state, it is specified that after given hydraulic pressure 24 hours start recording seepage discharge again.

Compared with prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that：

(1) experimental rig of the utility model can set different heads and defect size, simulation according to different actual conditions Field working conditions measure the defect leakage of composite geo-membrane, simple in structure, be readily disassembled, be easy to operation, can reuse；

(2) clay retaining wall is used during the utility model bankets, effectively prevent water not from banket seepage flow and from the soil body with It flows away between apparatus wall；

(3) the automatic lifting water head equipment of the utility model setting can automatically provide head, and height is adjustable, carries significantly High working efficiency.

Description of the drawings

The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows Meaning property embodiment and its explanation do not constitute the improper restriction to the application for explaining the application.

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the utility model；

Fig. 2 is the soil filling device structural schematic diagram of the utility model；

Fig. 3 is the automatic lifting water head equipment structural schematic diagram of the utility model；

Fig. 4 is the water tank internal structure schematic diagram of the utility model；

Wherein, 1- pedestals, 2- soil filling devices, 3- are lifted water head equipment, 4- stavings, 5- head covers, 6- exhaust pipes, 7- second automatically Discharge outlet, 8- bolts, 9- seal washers, 10- graduated cylinders, 11- composite geo-membranes, 12- lower layers medium coarse sand pervious bed, 13- medium coarse sands Bed course, 14- clay layers, the first discharge outlet of 15-, 16- water tanks, 17- holders, 18- steel wire ropes, 19- hoist engines, 20- graduated scales, 21- overflow ports, 22- water inlet pipes, 23- buoys, 24- connecting rods, 25- plunger valves, the upper layers 26- medium coarse sand pervious bed.

Specific implementation mode

It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings of understanding.

It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific implementation mode, and be not intended to restricted root According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combination thereof.

As background technology is introduced, the measurement accuracy of composite geo-membrane defect leakage exists in the prior art not High and real data has deviation, the deficiency of application range limitation, and in order to solve technical problem as above, present applicant proposes one Kind measures the experimental rig of composite geo-membrane defect leakage.

In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, as Figure 1-Figure 4, it is scarce to provide a kind of measurement composite geo-membrane The experimental rig of leakage is fallen into, including is lifted water head equipment 3, soil filling device 2 and pedestal 1 automatically, it is automatic to be lifted water head equipment 3 and contain Earthenware 2 is connected to by water pipe, and the bottom of soil filling device 2 is supported by pedestal 1.

The pedestal 1 is made of the concrete column of two block gap certain distances, use C30 normal concretes pour and At.

Preferably, the concrete column is the rectangular configuration of long 50cm, width 40cm, high 40cm.

The soil filling device 2 stablizes the top for being positioned over two block concrete columns, and soil filling device 2 includes 4 He of open-topped staving Head cover 5, is arranged seal washer 9 between staving 4 and head cover 5, head cover 5 is connect with staving 4 by bolt 8；The top center of head cover 5 Position is provided with the first discharge outlet 15, and the bottom of staving 4 is equipped with the second discharge outlet 7, and the downside of the second discharge outlet 7 is equipped with graduated cylinder 10, The graduated cylinder 10 is between two block concrete columns.

The staving 4 and head cover 5 are made of transparent material.

Preferably, the staving 4 and head cover 5 are made of organic glass, and the staving 4 is cylinder.

Preferably, the seal washer 9 is rubber washer.

4 inside filling of the staving places corresponding soil layer and composite geo-membrane 11 according to actual condition, from the bottom up successively Filling lower layer medium coarse sand pervious bed 12, experiment banket, medium coarse sand bed course 13, composite geo-membrane 11, upper layer medium coarse sand pervious bed 26.

Wherein, upper layer medium coarse sand and lower layer's coarse sand are sand pervious bed, sand can be made to combine closer, prevent composite geo-membrane 11 bear the local scour of flow；Lower layer's medium coarse sand pervious bed 12 and upper layer medium coarse sand bed course 26 play a role in filtering, and to multiple Geomembrane 11 is closed to play a protective role.

When banketing use clay retaining wall, i.e., experiment banket periphery place one layer of antiseepage clay layer 14, ensure clay infiltration Coefficient be less than bankets, make clay, experiment banket, staving 4 combine it is closer, prevent from banketing being in contact between 4 wall of staving and ooze Stream.

Composite geo-membrane 11 uses two cloth, one film, is arranged according to experimental design scheme in 11 centre position of composite geo-membrane and is lacked Fall into form and dimension.

The side of the staving 4 corresponds to 26 lower portion of 12 top of lower layer's medium coarse sand pervious bed and upper layer medium coarse sand pervious bed It sets and is respectively equipped with exhaust pipe 6, tongs are set on the exhaust pipe 6, gas is discharged for saturation stage in exhaust pipe 6.

Lower layer's medium coarse sand pervious bed 12, experiment banket, medium coarse sand bed course 13, composite geo-membrane 11, upper layer medium coarse sand are permeable It is laid with gauze between each layer of layer 26, gauze is consistent with 4 bottom size of staving, plays in test separation and prevents sand quilt The effect that water is gone out, broken up.

Preferably, the gauze uses 400 mesh gauzes.

The automatic lifting water head equipment 3 includes water tank 16 and its hoisting mechanism, and the bottom of water tank 16 has water inlet pipe 22, External water supply installation is connected by water inlet pipe 22；There is overflow port 21, water tank 16 can be connected by overflow port 21 for the side of water tank 16 Water supply valve is arranged on the water pipe to be connected with the first discharge outlet 15 of head cover 5 in water receiving pipe.

The hoisting mechanism includes holder 17 and hoist engine 19, and holder 17 is metal material, and welding is in door type structure, branch The inside top of frame 17 installs hoist engine 19, and coiling steel wire rope 18 on hoist engine 19, one end connection hook of steel wire rope 18 passes through Hook lifting water tank 16.

Wherein, the top both ends of water tank 16 connect traction rope, and traction rope is connected with hook；The switch of hoist engine 19 is opened When, hoist engine 19 works, and pulls steel wire rope 18 to be lifted water tank 16, is turned off the switch after reaching required position.

There is slidable graduated scale 20, graduated scale 20 to pass through sliding equipment and 17 phase of holder for the both sides of the holder 17 Even, head height is raised for weighing.

Preferably, the graduated scale 20 is connect by pulley with holder 17.

The water tank 16 is internally provided with ball-cock assembly, and the ball-cock assembly includes buoy 23, connecting rod 24 and plunger valve 25, plunger valve 25 is installed on 16 inner wall of water tank, and 24 one end of the connecting rod is connected with plunger valve 25, and the connection of 24 other end of connecting rod is floating Drift 23；Plunger valve connection controls the structure (being achieved by the prior art) of its break-make.

The buoy 23 goes up with the water surface and is risen, and when the water surface rises to certain position, connecting rod 24 is propped, and end is connected Plunger valve 25 be accordingly turned off；When the water level descends, buoy 23 also declines, and connecting rod 24 drives plunger valve 25 to open again.

The experiment process of the application is：

Step (1) is with soil：

By silt and clay according to 3:7 ratios prepare composite soil, and it is (logical that addition suitable quantity of water to composite soil is optimal moisture content Cross compaction test acquisition), the composite soil being mixed evenly is placed in closed plastic bucket bored 24 hours, is made in composite soil Uniform moisture is distributed.

Moisture content is resurveyed before experiment, is optimal moisture content and be can be used, otherwise repeats the above steps.Similarly, it takes optimal Moisture content prepares clay, is placed in closed plastic bucket bored 36 hours after preparing.

Step (2) is banketed：

It is banketed mode using layering；400 mesh gauze of first layer is put in 4 bottom of the staving of clean dried first, in first layer 400 mesh gauze tops are laid with the drying medium coarse sand of 4cm thickness, pour to medium coarse sand surface after tiling, are scraped its surface with scraper After flat, 400 mesh gauze of the second layer is placed.

Banket 5 layers of time-division filling, every layer banket before first carry out clay retaining wall, be further filled with composite soil and hit reality, between each layer bankets Dabbing is wanted, avoids being layered.

Concrete operations are：The close clay walk made is first lined up into a circle around apparatus wall, with ramming device hit tight to 4cm high, lateral thickness take 1.5cm, after redundance is sliced off, the composite soil weighed up are poured into clay annulus to pave and hits reality, Hit it is real during the composite soil pounded out in clay annulus is emptied, first layer bankets completion；The second layer is same to layer 5 method First layer, every layer of depth of fill 4cm.

Step (3) is saturated：

Saturation mode takes head to be saturated, since saturated velocity is slow after paving composite geo-membrane 11, by saturation process point For two stages.

Before spreading composite geo-membrane 11, water first is carried out to lower layer's medium coarse sand pervious bed 12, composite soil, medium coarse sand bed course 13 Head saturation；After spreading composite geo-membrane 11, then upper layer medium coarse sand pervious bed 26 is saturated；This method is than disposable saturation It is efficient, and saturation degree can be promoted.

First stage is saturated：Banketing, top is laid with 400 mesh gauze of third layer, tiles one on 400 mesh gauze of third layer The dry medium coarse sand of layer pours into suitable quantity of water to sand upper surface, is conducive to as composite geo-membrane bed course (i.e. medium coarse sand bed course 13) Residual gas in sand is discharged, accelerates saturation；It is covered, and beaten with the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate having openning hole after placing the 4th layer of 400 mesh gauze Glue is fixed, and uses weight ballast after glue is 24 hours dry, the soil body in saturation process is prevented to be subjected to displacement.

Water tank 16 is connected with 4 the second discharge outlet of bottom 7 of staving, using 12 bottom of lower layer's medium coarse sand pervious bed as boundary, step by step It is lifted head height, every grade is raised 10cm, is lifted level-one every three days, next stage is entered back into after every grade of guarantee is fully saturated.Continuously After being lifted three-level, head is raised for the last time and is higher by medium coarse sand bed course 1m, is saturated two days, until there is water to overflow at the top of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate Go out.

At saturation initial stage, the water check valve of lower exhaust pipe 6 is opened, the gas in discharge lower layer coarse sand pervious bed 12 waits for exhaust pipe Middle bubble-free and when having uniform fluid flow outflow, turns off water check valve；When top, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate there are flowing out, first stage saturation It completes, turns off water supply valve.

Second stage is saturated：Upper layer weight and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate are removed, and clean out the residual glass of 4 wall of staving Glue spreads the composite geo-membrane 11 (defect aperture can sets itself) with 5mm defects aperture, composite geo-membrane 11 and staving 4 After inner wall gluing is dried 24 hours, 400 mesh gauze of layer 5 is put, one layer of 4cm thickness drying of tiling on 400 mesh gauze of layer 5 Medium coarse sand fills up staving 4, pours into after water to layer of sand upper surface and strikes off surface, 400 mesh gauze of layer 6 is placed, in head cover 5 Seal washer 9 is put between staving 4, is made it combine close；Finally head cover 5 is tightened with bolt 8, opens water supply valve.

It is boundary with head cover 5, is lifted 1m heads, opens the water check valve of lower exhaust pipe 6, empty in lower layer's coarse sand pervious bed again Gas closes lower water check valve after lower exhaust pipe is discharged without gas and has water uniformly to flow out；The water check valve of exhaust pipe 6 in opening, Emptying banket, gas in medium coarse sand bed course 13 and upper layer medium coarse sand pervious bed 26, wait for exhaust pipe 6 without gas be discharged and have flow Uniformly after outflow, water check valve is closed；Continue to be saturated, until 4 the first discharge outlet 15 of top of staving has uniform fluid flow outflow, be saturated At.

Step (4) applies head：

The overflow port 21 of 16 side wall of water tank is connected to the first water inlet 15 on head cover 5 with water pipe, is applied from top to bottom Hydraulic pressure, head height can be set according to design conditions.

Water through composite geo-membrane 11, banket from 4 the second discharge outlet of bottom 7 of staving flow out, graduated cylinder 10 be aligned the second discharge outlet 7 It places, measures a seepage discharge at regular intervals, measure multi-group data.

It is more accurate to make to measure seepage discharge, measurement should after given hydraulic pressure 24 hours start recording again.

By taking the 5mm of defect aperture as an example, first day apply 1m head, in 24 hours keep 1m heads but without measure, After so that seepage flow is reached stable, second day starts to measure, each hour measures primary, each leakage for measuring 10min, total to survey 10 groups of data.

Head is raised to 2m after 1m heads measure within second day, keeps 2m heads constant in 24 hours by same method, It is primary at interval of measuring per hour after seepage stability.

And so on, obtain the seepage discharge under 3m, 4m, 5m head.

Step (5) data processing：

Defect leakage flow velocity is expressed as：V=Q/t；

In formula, v is percolation flow velocity, and Q is seepage discharge in time of measuring, and t is time of measuring.

The average value of ten measurement data is taken to leak flow velocity as the defect under 5mm defects aperture, 1m heads, 2m, 3m, The data processing method measured under 4m, 5m head is same as above.

The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of this application, any made by repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage, which is characterized in that including being lifted water head equipment automatically And soil filling device, automatic be lifted at the top of water head equipment and soil filling device is connected to, for adjusting the head pressure being applied to inside soil filling device；

The inside of soil filling device configure in order from bottom to up medium coarse sand pervious bed, experiment banket, medium coarse sand bed course, composite geo-membrane, Medium coarse sand pervious bed；

The bottom of soil filling device is had the graduated cylinder opposite with the second discharge outlet of soil filling device bottom, is led to by base supports, the inside of pedestal It crosses graduated cylinder and measures seepage discharge.

2. a kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute It states automatic lifting water head equipment to include hoisting mechanism and be internally provided with the water tank of ball-cock assembly, the top of water tank is by hoisting mechanism Suspention；The bottom of water tank is equipped with water inlet pipe, and there is one side of water tank overflow port, the overflow port the of soil filling device is connected by water pipe One discharge outlet.

3. a kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute It includes holder to state hoisting mechanism, and the inner tip of holder installs hoist engine, and hoist engine lifts water by the hook that steel wire rope connects Case.

4. a kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute The both sides for stating holder are equipped with slidable graduated scale.

5. a kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute State soil filling device include organic glass system at staving, head cover is installed in the top of staving by seal washer；The side of the staving It is respectively equipped with exhaust pipe, exhaust pipe configuration tongs corresponding to the position of medium coarse sand pervious bed.

6. a kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute State the outer circumferential filling antiseepage clay layer that experiment is banketed.

7. a kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute It states and is laid with gauze between the soil layer of filling inside soil filling device.

8. a kind of experimental rig measuring composite geo-membrane defect leakage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute It states composite geo-membrane and uses two cloth, one film, the defect of different shapes and sizes is set in composite geo-membrane centre position.