CN109777906B - Device and method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy - Google Patents
Device and method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109777906B CN109777906B CN201910194470.9A CN201910194470A CN109777906B CN 109777906 B CN109777906 B CN 109777906B CN 201910194470 A CN201910194470 A CN 201910194470A CN 109777906 B CN109777906 B CN 109777906B
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Abstract
A device and a method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy belong to the field of metallurgical engineering, energy conservation and environmental protection. The device comprises a combustible gas combustion unit, a flue gas purification unit, a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, a coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, a water-cooled wall cooling unit, a discharging transportation unit and a magnetic separation unit; the combustible gas combustion unit is connected with the flue gas purification unit and is sequentially connected with a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, coke and a carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber and a water-cooled wall cooling unit; a discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit is arranged below the water-cooled wall cooling unit. The method comprises the steps of directly reducing the carbon-containing pellets in a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, and then cooling, discharging and magnetically separating the carbon-containing pellets to obtain metallized pellets. The method solves the problems of high energy consumption, low waste heat utilization of high-temperature materials, waste of wet quenching energy and environmental pollution in the long process of ferrous metallurgy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgical engineering, energy conservation and environmental protection, in particular to a device and a method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy.
Background
In the normal production process of a coke oven worldwide, coke quenching is an important process of coke production, and at present, more coke quenching methods are wet quenching and dry quenching; in the wet quenching process, the red hot coke is usually quenched by pretreated coking wastewater, the red hot coke is cooled, and simultaneously a large amount of organic pollutants in the coking wastewater are changed into gas to be discharged to the atmosphere, so that serious atmospheric pollution is caused, and sensible heat of the red coke is wasted.
With national economic return, the economic benefits of iron and steel enterprises and coking enterprises are continuously improved. The iron and steel and coking industry adopts a blast furnace to produce molten iron, and the technology belongs to a long-flow iron making technology and has higher energy consumption. In the long-flow iron-making technology, the metallized pellets are used, so that the energy consumption for iron-making and steel-making can be reduced, and the economic benefit of iron and steel companies can be improved. The metallized pellets enter the blast furnace, so that the coke ratio and ton iron energy consumption of the blast furnace can be reduced, and the metallized pellets directly enter the converter, so that the yield of the converter can be improved, and the metallized pellets can be used as a cooling agent of the converter.
The high-temperature waste heat of the high-temperature materials in the metallurgical industry can be recycled, so that the energy consumption in the metallurgical industry can be further reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
The metallurgical industry urgent need solve the metallurgical long process energy consumption high, high-temperature material waste heat utilization, wet quenching energy waste, environmental pollution's huge problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy, which aims to solve four problems of high energy consumption in a long process of ferrous metallurgy, low waste heat utilization of high-temperature materials, waste of wet quenching energy and environmental pollution.
The invention relates to a device for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy, which comprises a combustible gas combustion unit, a flue gas purification unit, a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, a coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, a water cooling wall cooling unit, a discharging transportation unit and a magnetic separation unit, wherein the combustible gas combustion unit is connected with the flue gas purification unit;
the flue gas outlet of the combustible gas combustion unit is connected with the flue gas purification unit, and a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, a coke, a carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber and a water-cooled wall cooling unit are sequentially connected below the combustible gas combustion unit; a discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit is arranged below the water-cooled wall cooling unit;
the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is provided with a carbon-containing pellet distributor which is used for uniformly distributing carbon-containing pellets;
the coke and the carbon-containing pellets are arranged in the coke and carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber;
the water-cooled wall cooling unit is divided into an area A and an area B from bottom to top, wherein a water atomization sprayer is arranged above the area A, an area A water-cooled wall is arranged in the area A, and an area B water-cooled wall is arranged in the area B.
Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the carbon-containing pellets are obtained by mixing and pressing iron-containing mineral powder and carbon-based powder.
The proportion of the iron-containing mineral powder and the carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellets is determined according to the consumption of the direct reduced iron of carbon.
The combustible gas combustion unit is used for combusting combustible gas released by the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, coke and the carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber, and meanwhile, the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit and the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is ensured to be more than or equal to 1000 ℃.
Furthermore, the combustible gas combustion unit can be further provided with a supplementary fuel inlet for supplementary fuel combustion, so that a large amount of heat is released, and the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit and the temperature of the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit are ensured to be more than or equal to 1000 ℃.
The temperature provided by the combustible gas combustion unit is used for providing heat for the directly reduced metallized pellets of the carbon-containing pellets in the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit.
Further, the flue gas purification unit is used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the combustible gas combustion unit and then discharging the purified flue gas to the atmosphere.
Further, the flue gas purification unit comprises denitration equipment, a flue gas waste heat boiler, desulfurization equipment, dust removal equipment, smoke exhaust equipment and an induced draft fan;
the denitration device, the flue gas waste heat boiler, the desulfurization device, the dust removal device and the smoke exhaust device are sequentially connected, and an induced draft fan is arranged above the smoke exhaust device.
Further, the carbon-containing pellet distributor is provided with a carbon-containing pellet feed inlet for supplementing carbon-containing pellets.
The direct reduction heat energy of the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is heat energy of middle coke of the carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber, and the heat energy is heat energy generated by combustion of combustible gas from the combustible gas combustion unit, heat energy generated by combustion of supplementary fuel and heat energy of coke.
Further, the coke and the carbon-containing pellets in the carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber are directly reduced into metallized pellets under the action of high-temperature sensible heat and high-temperature combustible gas of the coke.
Further, the water-cooled wall in the zone B cools the fallen metallized pellets and coke from 1000+/-50 ℃ to 500+/-20 ℃;
the water-cooled wall in the area A cools the fallen metallized pellets and coke from 500 ℃ +/-20 ℃ to 200 ℃ +/-20 ℃.
Wherein, the water atomization spray thrower that A district top set up is provided with the governing valve of adjustable water yield for adjust the water yield, water atomization spray thrower, mainly play auxiliary cooling's effect, simultaneously, water among the water atomization spray thrower runs into the sensible heat of coke, becomes vapor, forms water gas with the coke, becomes combustible gas.
Further, the discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit comprises a flashboard, a rotary seal valve, a transportation device, a water atomization spray cooler and a magnetic separation device, wherein a discharging hole is formed below an A area of the water-cooled wall cooling unit, the flashboard and the rotary seal valve are sequentially arranged below the discharging hole and used for discharging cooled coke and metallized pellets, the transportation device is arranged below the rotary seal valve, the water atomization spray cooler is arranged above the transportation device, and the magnetic separation device is arranged at the other end of the transportation device far away from the rotary seal valve.
Preferably, the gate is a hydraulic gate.
The water atomization spraying cooler plays a role in cooling.
Further, the coke and carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber is provided with a coke and carbon-containing pellet feed inlet for supplementing the coke and the carbon-containing pellets.
Further, in the device for producing the metallized pellets by the red coke high-temperature heat energy, the temperature of the coke and the metallized pellets in the area A is 300-500 ℃, the temperature of the coke and the metallized pellets in the area B is 500-1000 ℃, the temperature of the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is more than 1000 ℃, and the temperature of the coke and the carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber is more than 1000 ℃.
Furthermore, in the device for producing the metallized pellets by using the red coke high-temperature heat energy, the water-cooling wall is a coil pipe water-cooling wall, a tube array water-cooling wall or a casting water-cooling wall.
The smoke discharging device is a chimney.
The invention relates to a method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy, which adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
step 1: direct reduction of carbonaceous pellets
(1) Adding carbon-containing pellets into a carbon-containing pellet distributor, uniformly distributing, and enabling fuel combustion of a combustible gas combustion unit to release heat, so that the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit and a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is ensured to be above 1000 ℃, and the distributed carbon-containing pellets are directly reduced into metallized pellets in the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit;
(2) Adding coke and carbon-containing pellets into a coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, wherein sensible heat of the coke directly provides heat to directly reduce the carbon-containing pellets into metallized pellets;
step 2: cooling of metallized pellets and coke
Cooling medium is introduced into a water cooling wall in a water cooling wall cooling unit, the water cooling wall in a region B cools the fallen metallized pellets and coke to 500+/-20 ℃, the cooled metallized pellets and coke enter a region A, the water cooling wall in the region A cools the fallen metallized pellets and coke to 200+/-20 ℃, meanwhile, a water atomization sprayer arranged above the region A sprays water to perform auxiliary cooling, the metallized pellets and coke cooled to 200+/-20 ℃ are discharged, and the cooled metallized pellets and coke enter a discharge transportation and magnetic separation unit;
step 3: discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit
Cooling to 200+/-20 ℃ of metallized pellets and coke, continuously cooling to below 80 ℃, and performing magnetic separation to obtain coke and metallized pellets;
step 4: flue gas cleaning
And the flue gas generated by the combustible gas combustion unit enters the flue gas purification unit for purification treatment and is discharged into the atmosphere.
In the step 1 (1), the fuel source of the combustible gas combustion unit is one or more of the following modes:
first kind: the water in the water atomization sprayer is sprayed onto the coke and the metallized pellets in the area A, and the coke and the metallized pellets in the area A are cooled, and the water absorbs the heat of the coke and is changed into a gaseous product from a liquid state;
the gaseous product rises and contacts with the coke and the metallized pellets in the area B, organic pollutants in the gaseous product are cracked into micromolecular gas at high temperature in the coke, water vapor in the gaseous product contacts with the coke and the metallized pellets in the area B, part of the water vapor and the coke generate water gas, and the water gas and the micromolecular gas form mixed combustible gas;
second kind: in the direct reduction unit of the carbon-containing pellets, the iron-containing mineral powder and the carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellets are directly reduced to generate combustible gas; in the coke and carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber, the iron-containing mineral powder and carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellet are directly reduced to generate combustible gas;
third, the fuel is fed to the combustible gas combustion unit.
In the step 1 (1), the small molecular gas is as follows: h 2 、CO、CH 4 One or more of them.
In the step 1 (1), the amount of water gas generated by water vapor is determined according to the coke temperature, the coke amount and the water vapor content in the gaseous product.
In the step 1 (1), the heat sources in the direct reduction unit of the carbon-containing pellets are as follows: the heat released by the combustion of the fuel in the combustible gas combustion unit, as well as a portion of the heat energy of the char in the char and char-containing pellet mix storage chamber.
In the step 2, the cooling medium is preferably one of water, heat conducting oil and molten salt.
In the step 2, the metallized pellets and coke cooled to 200+/-20 ℃ are discharged through a discharge port, a flashboard and a rotary sealing valve.
In the step 3, the metallized pellets and coke cooled to 200+/-20 ℃ fall to a conveying device, and in the conveying process, a water atomization spray cooler arranged above the conveying device continuously cools to below 80 ℃ and enters a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation.
In the step 4, the purification treatment specifically includes the steps of:
(1) The flue gas enters denitration equipment to carry out denitration treatment, and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas are converted into N 2 Obtaining the flue gas after denitration;
(2) The flue gas after denitration enters a flue gas waste heat boiler to recycle flue gas waste heat, so as to obtain cooled flue gas;
(3) The cooled flue gas enters desulfurization equipment for desulfurization treatment, and SO in the cooled flue gas 2 Changing into calcium sulfate to obtain flue gas after denitration and desulfurization;
(4) The flue gas after denitration and desulfurization enters dust removal equipment, is induced by an induced draft fan after dust removal, and is discharged into the atmosphere through smoke exhaust equipment.
In the step 4, the desulfurization is performed by adopting a dry desulfurization method, specifically, calcium oxide is sprayed into the flue gas, and the calcium oxide and SO in the flue gas are sprayed 2 And (3) reacting to obtain calcium sulfate.
The invention relates to a device and a method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy, which have the beneficial effects that:
1. the combustible gas combustion unit arranged in the device can burn the combustible gas released by the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, the coke and the carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, and can also supplement fuel combustion to release a large amount of heat, so that the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit and the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is ensured to be more than 1000 ℃, and the direct reduction of the carbon-containing pellets by the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit into metallized pellets is ensured.
2. In the device, the added carbon-containing pellets are uniformly distributed by a carbon-containing pellet distributor, heat energy directly reduced by the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is obtained from combustible gas of a combustible gas combustion unit, supplementary fuel combustion and part of heat energy of coke in a coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, and the coke in the coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber provides high-temperature heat energy required by direct reduction for the coke and carbon-containing pellets in the carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, so that iron oxide is directly reduced into metallized pellets.
3. In the invention, in the coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, the carbon-containing pellets and the coke are mixed and filled into the coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, and the carbon-containing pellets rapidly complete the reduction reaction under the action of high-temperature sensible heat and high-temperature combustible gas of the coke to become metallized pellets.
4. The invention fully utilizes the sensible heat of coke, directly reduces iron-containing mineral powder into metallized pellets, and solves the problems of high energy consumption, low waste heat utilization of high-temperature materials, energy waste of wet quenching, environmental pollution and the like in the long-process of ferrous metallurgy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for producing metallized pellets by hot energy of red coke;
in the figure, 1 is a combustible gas combustion unit, 2 is a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, 2-1 is a carbon-containing pellet distributor, 3 is a coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, A is an A region of a water-cooled wall cooling unit, B is a B region of the water-cooled wall cooling unit, 4-1 is an A region water-cooled wall, 4-2 is a B region water-cooled wall, 4-3 is a water atomization sprayer, 5-1 is a discharge port, 5-2 is a gate plate, 5-3 is a rotary sealing valve, 5-4 is a water atomization spray cooler, 5-5 is a conveying device, 5-6 is a magnetic separation device, 6-1 is a flue, 6-2 is a denitration device, 6-3 is a flue gas waste heat boiler, 6-4 is a desulfurization device, 6-5 is a dust removal device, 6-6 is a chimney, and 6-7 is an induced draft fan.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
In the examples below, the equipment used is commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The device for producing the metallized pellets by utilizing the red coke high-temperature heat energy has a structure shown in figure 1, and comprises a combustible gas combustion unit 1, a flue gas purification unit, a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit 2, a coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber 3, a water-cooled wall cooling unit, a discharging transportation unit and a magnetic separation unit;
the flue gas purification unit comprises denitration equipment 6-2, a flue gas waste heat boiler 6-3, desulfurization equipment 6-4, dust removal equipment 6-5, a chimney 6-6 and a draught fan 6-7;
the denitration device 6-2, the flue gas waste heat boiler 6-3, the desulfurization device 6-4, the dust removal device 6-5 and the chimney 6-6 are sequentially connected, and an induced draft fan 6-7 is arranged above the chimney 6-6.
The flue gas outlet of the combustible gas combustion unit 1 is connected with the denitration equipment 6-2 of the flue gas purification unit through a flue 6-1, and a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit 2, coke, a carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber 3 and a water-cooled wall cooling unit are sequentially connected below the combustible gas combustion unit 1; a discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit is arranged below the water-cooled wall cooling unit;
the direct reduction unit 2 of the carbon-containing pellets is provided with a carbon-containing pellet distributor 2-1, the carbon-containing pellet distributor 2-1 is provided with a carbon-containing pellet feed inlet for supplementing the carbon-containing pellets, and the carbon-containing pellet distributor 2-1 is used for uniformly distributing the carbon-containing pellets;
the coke and carbon-containing pellets are arranged in the coke and carbon-containing pellets mixing storage chamber 3;
the water-cooled wall cooling unit is divided into a region A and a region B from bottom to top, wherein a water atomization sprayer 4-3 is arranged above the region A, a region A water-cooled wall 4-1 is arranged in the region A, and a region B water-cooled wall 4-2 is arranged in the region B;
the discharging, transporting and magnetic separating unit comprises a flashboard 5-2, a rotary sealing valve 5-3, a transporting device 5-5, a water atomization spraying cooler 5-4 and a magnetic separating device 5-6, wherein a discharging port 5-1 is arranged below an area A of the water-cooled wall cooling unit, the flashboard 5-2 and the rotary sealing valve 5-3 are sequentially arranged below the discharging port 5-1 and used for discharging cooled coke and metallized pellets, the transporting device 5-5 is arranged below the rotary sealing valve 5-3, the water atomization spraying cooler 5-4 is arranged above the transporting device 5-5, and the magnetic separating device 5-6 is arranged at the other end of the transporting device 5-5 far away from the rotary sealing valve 5-3.
In this embodiment, the gate is a hydraulic gate.
Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the carbon-containing pellets are obtained by mixing and pressing iron-containing mineral powder and carbon-based powder.
The proportion of the iron-containing mineral powder and the carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellets is determined according to the consumption of the direct reduced iron of carbon.
The combustible gas combustion unit 1 is used for combusting combustible gas released by the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit 2, coke and the carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber 3, and meanwhile, the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit 1 and the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit 2 is ensured to be more than or equal to 1000 ℃.
The flue gas purification unit is used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the combustible gas combustion unit and then discharging the purified flue gas to the atmosphere.
The direct reduction heat energy of the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is heat energy generated by combustion of the combustible gas from the combustible gas combustion unit, coke and part of heat energy of middle coke in the carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber.
The coke and the carbon-containing pellets in the carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber are directly reduced into metallized pellets under the action of high-temperature sensible heat and high-temperature combustible gas of the coke.
The water-cooled wall 4-2 of the zone B cools the fallen metallized pellets and coke from 1000 ℃ to 500 ℃;
the water cooling wall 4-1 in the area A cools the fallen metallized pellets and coke from 500 ℃ to 200 ℃.
Wherein, the water atomization spray thrower 4-3 that A district top set up is provided with the governing valve of adjustable water yield for the water yield is adjusted, water atomization spray thrower, mainly play supplementary cooling's effect, simultaneously, water among the water atomization spray thrower runs into the sensible heat of coke, becomes vapor, forms water gas with the coke, becomes combustible gas.
The coke and carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber is provided with a coke and carbon-containing pellet feed inlet for supplementing the coke and the carbon-containing pellets.
In the device for producing the metallized pellets by the red-coke high-temperature heat energy, the temperature of the coke and the metallized pellets in the area A is 300-500 ℃, the temperature of the coke and the metallized pellets in the area B is 500-1000 ℃, the temperature of the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit 2 is more than 1000 ℃, and the temperature of the coke and the carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber 3 is more than 1000 ℃.
In this embodiment, the water-cooled wall is a coil water-cooled wall.
A method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy adopts the device of the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: direct reduction of carbonaceous pellets
(1) Adding carbon-containing pellets into a carbon-containing pellet distributor 2-1, uniformly distributing, and releasing heat by fuel combustion of a combustible gas combustion unit 1, so as to ensure that the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit 1 and a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit 2 is above 1000 ℃, and directly reducing the distributed carbon-containing pellets into metallized pellets in the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit 2;
(2) Adding coke and carbon-containing pellets into a coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber 3, wherein sensible heat of the coke directly provides heat to directly reduce the carbon-containing pellets into metallized pellets;
the fuel sources of the combustible gas combustion unit in the embodiment are as follows:
first kind: the water in the water atomization sprayer is sprayed onto the coke and the metallized pellets in the area A, and the coke and the metallized pellets in the area A are cooled, and the water absorbs the heat of the coke and is changed into a gaseous product from a liquid state;
the gaseous product rises and contacts with the coke in the zone B and the metallized pellets, and the organic pollutant in the gaseous product is cracked into small molecular gas H in the coke at high temperature 2 、CO、CH 4 The water vapor in the gaseous product contacts with the coke in the zone B and the metallized pellets, part of the water vapor and the coke generate water gas, and the water gas and the small molecule gas form mixed combustible gas; wherein the amount of water vapor generated water gas is determined according to the coke temperature, the coke amount and the water vapor content in the gaseous product.
Second kind: in the direct reduction unit of the carbon-containing pellets, the iron-containing mineral powder and the carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellets are directly reduced to generate combustible gas; in the coke and carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber, the iron-containing mineral powder and carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellet are directly reduced to generate combustible gas;
step 2: cooling of metallized pellets and coke
Cooling medium water is introduced into a water cooling wall in a water cooling wall cooling unit, the water cooling wall in a region B cools the fallen metallized pellets and coke to 500 ℃, the cooled metallized pellets and coke enter a region A, the water cooling wall in the region A cools the fallen metallized pellets and coke to 200 ℃, meanwhile, a water atomization sprayer arranged above the region A sprays water, auxiliary cooling is carried out, the metallized pellets and coke cooled to 200 ℃ are discharged through a discharge port through a flashboard and a rotary sealing valve, and the cooled metallized pellets and coke enter a discharge transportation and magnetic separation unit;
step 3: discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit
The metallized pellets and coke cooled to 200+/-20 ℃ fall into a conveying device, and in the conveying process, a water atomization spray cooler arranged above the conveying device continuously cools to below 80 ℃, and the metallized pellets and coke enter a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation, so that the coke and the metallized pellets are obtained;
step 4: flue gas cleaning
The flue gas generated by the combustible gas combustion unit enters the flue gas purification unit through the flue 6-1, and is discharged into the atmosphere after being purified. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The flue gas enters a denitration device 6-2, is catalyzed at high temperature, is introduced with ammonia water, and reacts with nitrogen oxides at high temperature to be converted into N 2 Obtaining the flue gas after denitration;
(2) The flue gas after denitration enters a flue gas waste heat boiler 6-3 for flue gas waste heat recovery to obtain cooled flue gas;
(3) The cooled flue gas enters desulfurization equipment 6-4, dry desulfurization is adopted, calcium oxide is sprayed into the flue gas, and SO in the cooled flue gas 2 Changing into calcium sulfate to obtain flue gas after denitration and desulfurization;
(4) The flue gas after denitration and desulfurization enters a dust removal device 6-5, is induced by an induced draft fan 6-7 after dust removal, and is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney 6-6.
Example 2
An apparatus for producing metallized pellets using red coke high temperature heat energy, which is different from example 1 in that:
(1) The combustible gas combustion unit 1 is provided with a supplementary fuel inlet for supplementary fuel combustion, releases a large amount of heat, and ensures that the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit and the temperature of the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit are more than or equal to 1000 ℃.
The direct reduction heat energy of the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is heat energy of middle coke of the carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber, and the heat energy is heat energy generated by combustion of combustible gas from the combustible gas combustion unit, heat energy generated by combustion of supplementary fuel and heat energy of coke.
(2) In this embodiment, the water-cooled wall is a tube array water-cooled wall.
The method for producing metallized pellets by using high-temperature heat energy of red coke adopts the device of the embodiment, and the rest steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that:
in step 1: the combustible gas combustion unit fuel sources in this embodiment are three modes:
first kind: the water in the water atomization sprayer is sprayed onto the coke and the metallized pellets in the area A, and the coke and the metallized pellets in the area A are cooled, and the water absorbs the heat of the coke and is changed into a gaseous product from a liquid state;
the gaseous product rises and contacts with the coke and the metallized pellets in the area B, organic pollutants in the gaseous product are cracked into micromolecular gas at high temperature in the coke, water vapor in the gaseous product contacts with the coke and the metallized pellets in the area B, part of the water vapor and the coke generate water gas, and the water gas and the micromolecular gas form mixed combustible gas; wherein the amount of water vapor generated water gas is determined according to the coke temperature, the coke amount and the water vapor content in the gaseous product.
Second kind: in the direct reduction unit of the carbon-containing pellets, the iron-containing mineral powder and the carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellets are directly reduced to generate combustible gas; in the coke and carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber, the iron-containing mineral powder and carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellet are directly reduced to generate combustible gas;
third, the fuel is fed to the combustible gas combustion unit.
In step 2, in this embodiment, the cooling medium used is heat transfer oil.
Example 3
An apparatus for producing metallized pellets using red coke high temperature heat energy, which is different from example 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the water wall is a cast water wall.
The method for producing metallized pellets by using high-temperature heat energy of red coke adopts the device of the embodiment, and the rest steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that:
in step 2, in this embodiment, the cooling medium used is molten salt.
Claims (9)
1. The device for producing the metallized pellets by utilizing the red coke high-temperature heat energy is characterized by comprising a combustible gas combustion unit, a flue gas purification unit, a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, a red coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, a water-cooled wall cooling unit, a discharging transportation unit and a magnetic separation unit;
the flue gas outlet of the combustible gas combustion unit is connected with the flue gas purification unit, and a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, a red coke, a carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber and a water-cooled wall cooling unit are sequentially connected below the combustible gas combustion unit; a discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit is arranged below the water-cooled wall cooling unit;
the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is provided with a carbon-containing pellet distributor which is used for uniformly distributing carbon-containing pellets;
the red coke and the carbon-containing pellets are arranged in the red coke and carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber;
the carbon-containing pellets are obtained by mixing and pressing iron-containing mineral powder and carbon-based powder;
the proportion of the iron-containing mineral powder and the carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellets is determined according to the consumption of the direct reduced iron of carbon;
the water-cooled wall cooling unit is divided into an area A and an area B from bottom to top, wherein a water atomization sprayer is arranged above the area A, an area A water-cooled wall is arranged in the area A, and an area B water-cooled wall is arranged in the area B.
2. The apparatus for producing metallized pellets by using high temperature heat energy of red coke according to claim 1, wherein the combustible gas combustion unit is used for combusting the combustible gas released from the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit, the red coke and the carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber, and simultaneously ensuring that the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit and the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is not less than 1000 ℃.
3. The device for producing metallized pellets by using high-temperature heat energy of red coke according to claim 1, wherein the combustible gas combustion unit is provided with a supplementary fuel inlet for supplementary fuel combustion, releasing a great amount of heat, and ensuring that the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit and the direct reduction unit of the carbon-containing pellets is more than or equal to 1000 ℃.
4. The apparatus for producing metallized pellets by using high temperature heat energy of red coke according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas purifying unit comprises a denitration device, a flue gas waste heat boiler, a desulfurization device, a dust removal device, a smoke discharging device and an induced draft fan;
the denitration device, the flue gas waste heat boiler, the desulfurization device, the dust removal device and the smoke exhaust device are sequentially connected, and an induced draft fan is arranged above the smoke exhaust device.
5. The apparatus for producing metallized pellets by using high temperature heat energy of red coke according to claim 1, wherein the water-cooled wall of zone B cools the falling metallized pellets and red coke from 1000 ℃ ± 50 ℃ to 500 ℃ ± 20 ℃; the water-cooled wall in the area A cools the fallen metallized pellets and red coke from 500 ℃ +/-20 ℃ to 200 ℃ +/-20 ℃;
the water atomization sprayer is arranged above the area A, and is provided with a water quantity adjustable regulating valve for regulating water quantity;
the water cooling wall is a coil pipe water cooling wall, a tube array water cooling wall or a casting water cooling wall.
6. The device for producing metallized pellets by utilizing high-temperature heat energy of red coke according to claim 1, wherein the discharging, transporting and magnetic separation unit comprises a flashboard, a rotary sealing valve, a transporting device, a water atomization spray cooler and a magnetic separation device, wherein a discharging port is arranged below an area A of the water-cooled wall cooling unit, the flashboard and the rotary sealing valve are sequentially arranged below the discharging port and are used for discharging cooled red coke and metallized pellets, the transporting device is arranged below the rotary sealing valve, the water atomization spray cooler is arranged above the transporting device, and the magnetic separation device is arranged at the other end of the transporting device far away from the rotary sealing valve.
7. A method for producing metallized pellets by using red coke high temperature heat energy, which is characterized by adopting the device of any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following steps:
step 1: direct reduction of carbonaceous pellets
(1) Adding carbon-containing pellets into a carbon-containing pellet distributor, uniformly distributing, and enabling fuel combustion of a combustible gas combustion unit to release heat, so that the temperature of the combustible gas combustion unit and a carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit is ensured to be above 1000 ℃, and the distributed carbon-containing pellets are directly reduced into metallized pellets in the carbon-containing pellet direct reduction unit;
(2) Adding red coke and carbon-containing pellets into a red coke and carbon-containing pellet mixed storage chamber, wherein sensible heat of the red coke directly provides heat to directly reduce the carbon-containing pellets into metallized pellets;
step 2: cooling of metallized pellets and red coke
Introducing a cooling medium into a water cooling wall in a water cooling wall cooling unit, cooling the fallen metallized pellets and red coke to 500 ℃ +/-20 ℃ by a water cooling wall in a region B, entering a region A, cooling the fallen metallized pellets and red coke to 200 ℃ +/-20 ℃ by the water cooling wall in the region A, spraying water by a water atomization sprayer arranged above the region A, performing auxiliary cooling, discharging the metallized pellets and red coke cooled to 200 ℃ +/-20 ℃, and entering a discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit;
step 3: discharging transportation and magnetic separation unit
Cooling to 200+/-20 ℃ of metallized pellets and red coke, continuously cooling to below 80 ℃, and performing magnetic separation to obtain red coke and metallized pellets;
step 4: flue gas cleaning
And the flue gas generated by the combustible gas combustion unit enters the flue gas purification unit for purification treatment and is discharged into the atmosphere.
8. The method for producing metallized pellets by using high temperature heat energy of red coke according to claim 7, wherein in the step 1 (1), the fuel source of the combustible gas combustion unit is one or more of the following modes:
first kind: the water in the water atomization sprayer is sprayed onto the red coke and the metallized pellets in the area A, and the water absorbs heat of the red coke while cooling the red coke and the metallized pellets in the area A, so that the red coke is changed into a gaseous product from a liquid state;
the gaseous product rises and contacts with the red coke and the metallized pellets in the zone B, organic pollutants in the gaseous product are cracked into micromolecular gas at the temperature of red Jiao Nagao, water vapor in the gaseous product contacts with the red coke and the metallized pellets in the zone B, part of water vapor and the red coke generate water gas, and the water gas and the micromolecular gas form mixed combustible gas;
second kind: in the direct reduction unit of the carbon-containing pellets, the iron-containing mineral powder and the carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellets are directly reduced to generate combustible gas; in the red coke and carbon-containing pellet mixing storage chamber, the iron-containing mineral powder and carbon-based powder in the carbon-containing pellet are directly reduced to generate combustible gas;
third, the fuel is fed to the combustible gas combustion unit.
9. The method for producing metallized pellets by using high temperature heat energy of red coke according to claim 7, wherein in the step 4, the purifying treatment comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The flue gas enters denitration equipment to carry out denitration treatment, and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas are converted into N 2 Obtaining the flue gas after denitration;
(2) The flue gas after denitration enters a flue gas waste heat boiler to recycle flue gas waste heat, so as to obtain cooled flue gas;
(3) The cooled flue gas enters desulfurization equipment for desulfurization treatment, and SO in the cooled flue gas 2 Changing into calcium sulfate to obtain flue gas after denitration and desulfurization;
(4) The flue gas after denitration and desulfurization enters dust removal equipment, is induced by an induced draft fan after dust removal, and is discharged into the atmosphere through smoke exhaust equipment.
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