CN109763196B - Preparation method of anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation - Google Patents
Preparation method of anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109763196B CN109763196B CN201910115138.9A CN201910115138A CN109763196B CN 109763196 B CN109763196 B CN 109763196B CN 201910115138 A CN201910115138 A CN 201910115138A CN 109763196 B CN109763196 B CN 109763196B
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an ultraviolet-resistant polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: grinding raw vermiculite into powder, and screening micron-sized raw vermiculite powder; heating and drying raw vermiculite powder; adding raw vermiculite powder into the polyester slices, heating and stirring; continuously heating and preserving heat to obtain molten state modified polyester; spinning the modified polyester chip on a spinning machine at high speed to prepare nascent fiber; setting the nascent fiber by adopting a parallel drafting machine to obtain polyester fiber; spinning the polyester fibers into polyester fabrics by a conventional method; and dyeing the polyester fabric to obtain the finished polyester fabric. According to the invention, by utilizing the special performance and structure of vermiculite and adopting a special fiber preparation method, the polyester fabric with good ultraviolet resistance performance is obtained, and the terpolymer organic silicon softening agent is added for after-finishing, so that the color fixing effect can be improved, and the color fixing effect on the polyester fabric with a deep color system is especially obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of functional clothing fabrics, in particular to a preparation method of an anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation.
Background
The polyester fiber is used as the most widely applied chemical fiber, has good fiber forming performance and mechanical performance, high strength, good light resistance, heat resistance and acid and alkali resistance, good processability and spinnability, and can be spun, blended and interwoven. The terylene fabric is washable, wear-resistant, non-ironing and anti-wrinkle, and is widely applied to the fields of clothes, home textiles, decoration, products and the like. However, the polyester fiber has the defects of poor hygroscopicity, no sweat absorption of fabrics, stuffy feeling during wearing, poor antistatic capability, easy dirt contamination and the like, so that the application and the development of the polyester fiber are greatly restricted. In order to improve the wearing comfort of the polyester fiber and the application added value of the polyester fiber, the polyester fiber is generally improved in the aspects of chemistry or physics, so that the polyester fiber is endowed with higher moisture absorption and sweat releasing performance, and the wearing comfort of the polyester fabric is improved.
The outdoor work clothes in the market at present, especially the protective clothing, mainly comprise aramid fiber and polysulfonamide fiber, the clothing made of the fibers has poor wearability, and extra burden is added to workers who carry out outdoor work for a long time.
Vermiculite is a natural, non-toxic mineral, which expands at high temperature. It is a rare mineral and belongs to silicate. The crystal structure is monoclinic, and the appearance of the mica is similar to that of the mica. Vermiculite is produced when certain granites are hydrated. It is generally produced simultaneously with asbestos. Because vermiculite has ion exchange capacity, it has great effect on soil nutrition. The total vermiculite production in the world in 2000 exceeds 50 ten thousand tons. The most prominent countries of production are china, south africa, australia, zimbabwe and the united states.
Vermiculite also obtains its name by suddenly heating to 200 to 300 ℃ and then vermicular exfoliation occurs along the c-axis of its crystals. Vermiculite is a layered structure of magnesium-containing aluminosilicate secondary metamorphic mineral,
the raw ore is similar to mica in appearance, usually mainly made of black (gold) mica by hydrothermal alteration or weathering, and is called vermiculite because it is flexible when heated, dehydrated and expanded, and its form is exactly like leech.
Vermiculite is a clay mineral similar to montmorillonite, and is a silicate with a layered structure. Typically formed from biotite upon hydrothermal alteration or weathering. It sometimes appears as coarse biotite (which is the biotite artifact of vermiculite) and sometimes becomes fine to soil. When vermiculite is heated to 300 ℃, it can expand 20 times and bend. Vermiculite is somewhat like leech (commonly called leech) and so it has so a name. Vermiculite is generally brown, yellow, dark green, has the same gloss as oil, and turns gray after being heated. The vermiculite can be used as building materials, adsorbents, fireproof insulating materials, mechanical lubricants, soil conditioners and the like, and has wide application.
The volume of the vermiculite sheet can be rapidly expanded by 6-20 times after high-temperature roasting, the specific gravity of the expanded vermiculite sheet is 60-180kg/m3, and the vermiculite sheet has strong heat insulation performance.
The Chinese invention patent CN105862160A discloses a preparation method of multifunctional environment-friendly polyester fiber, the method adds the raw vermiculite powder into the preparation process of the polyester fiber, not only has low cost and good improvement effect, but also does not use a large amount of chemical agents in the whole preparation process, and is a novel environment-friendly fiber preparation method. The fiber has good wearability and flame retardant property, but the ultraviolet resistance requirement of outdoor operation is very high, and the effect of the fiber on the ultraviolet resistance is still to be improved.
According to the invention, the polyester fabric with good ultraviolet resistance is obtained by utilizing the special performance and structure of vermiculite and adopting a special fiber preparation method, and in the subsequent dyeing process, natural plant fibers are adopted for dyeing, so that compared with the traditional ultraviolet resistance polyester fabric, the preparation method is more environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of an ultraviolet-resistant polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation.
A preparation method of an anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation comprises the following steps:
A. grinding raw vermiculite into powder, and screening micron-sized raw vermiculite powder;
B. baking the raw vermiculite powder for 12-16h at 50-60 ℃ to remove water on the surface layer of the raw vermiculite powder;
C. adding raw vermiculite powder into polyester slices, heating while stirring, and controlling the process of heating from normal temperature to 200-210 ℃ for 4-8 h;
D. continuously heating to 310-320 ℃ and preserving the heat for 25-40min to obtain molten state modified polyester;
E. the modified polyester chip is spun on a spinning machine at high speed to prepare nascent fiber, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 320-350 ℃, and the spinning speed is 1300-1450 m/min;
F. setting the nascent fiber by adopting a parallel drafting machine to obtain polyester fiber, wherein the drafting multiple is 3-4 times;
G. spinning the polyester fibers into polyester fabrics by a conventional method;
H. dyeing the polyester fabric by using a natural dye and a padding process, washing with clear water, immersing into a terpolymer organic silicon softening agent solution, finishing for 10-15min at 80-90 ℃, and drying to obtain the finished polyester fabric.
Preferably, in the step A, the raw vermiculite powder is raw vermiculite powder with a particle size of 5-20 microns.
Preferably, in the step C, the length, the width and the height of the polyester chip are not more than 2 mm.
Preferably, in the step C, the weight percentages of the raw vermiculite powder and the polyester chip are 0.5-2% and 98-99.5%, respectively.
Preferably, in the step H, the amount of the natural dye used in the dyeing process is 6-10% o.w.f., and the temperature: 50-60 ℃, dyeing time: 25-35min, bath ratio: 1: 20-30.
Preferably, in the step H, the addition amount of the terpolymer silicone softening agent is 40-60 g/L.
The fabric for outdoor operation is generally dark, so that the fabric is more resistant to dirt; therefore, the polyester fabric is subjected to after-treatment by adding the ternary polymerization organosilicon softening agent, so that the softness of fibers can be effectively improved, the color fixing effect can be improved due to the interaction of the organosilicon softening agent and the silicate structure in vermiculite, and the color fixing effect on the deep color polyester fabric is particularly remarkable.
According to the preparation method of the ultraviolet-resistant polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation, raw vermiculite powder with a proper size is screened out, the surface moisture of the raw vermiculite powder is removed, the raw vermiculite powder is added into a polyester slice and heated together, the polyester slice generates viscosity in the heating process, the raw vermiculite powder is gradually bonded to the surface of the polyester slice, and meanwhile, the raw vermiculite powder is fully expanded, and in the subsequent spinning process, the raw vermiculite powder can be uniformly dispersed inside and outside the polyester fiber, and the expanded vermiculite powder has a good reflection effect on ultraviolet rays due to the special layered hollow structure; meanwhile, the special preparation method can fully remove moisture among the layers of the raw vermiculite powder, so that the ultraviolet-proof effect is better compared with the effect of adding the raw vermiculite powder; compared with the addition of the expanded vermiculite powder which is fully heated and expanded, the raw vermiculite powder and the polyester slices are bonded and expanded at the same time, so that the dispersion effect in the polyester fiber and the bonding strength with the fiber are obviously improved; therefore, the breaking strength of the produced polyester fabric is remarkably improved.
According to the invention, the polyester fabric with good ultraviolet resistance is obtained by utilizing the special performance and structure of vermiculite and adopting a special fiber preparation method, and in the subsequent dyeing process, natural plant fibers are adopted for dyeing, so that compared with the traditional ultraviolet resistance polyester fabric, the preparation method is more environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of an anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation comprises the following steps:
A. grinding raw vermiculite into powder, and screening micron-sized raw vermiculite powder;
B. baking raw vermiculite powder for 14h at 55 ℃ to remove water on the surface layer of the raw vermiculite powder;
C. adding raw vermiculite powder into polyester slices, heating while stirring, and controlling the process of heating from normal temperature to 205 ℃ for 4-8 h;
D. continuously heating to 315 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to obtain molten state modified polyester;
E. the modified polyester chip is spun on a spinning machine at high speed to prepare nascent fiber, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 335 ℃, and the spinning speed is 1380 m/min;
F. setting the nascent fiber by adopting a parallel drafting machine to obtain polyester fiber, wherein the drafting multiple is 3 times;
G. spinning the polyester fibers into polyester fabrics by a conventional method;
H. dyeing the polyester fabric by using a natural dye and a padding process, washing with clear water, immersing into a terpolymer organic silicon softening agent solution, finishing for 10-15min at 80-90 ℃, and drying to obtain the finished polyester fabric.
In the step A, the raw vermiculite powder is raw vermiculite powder with the particle size of 5-20 microns.
In the step C, the length, the width and the height of the polyester chip are not more than 2 mm.
In the step C, the weight percentages of the raw vermiculite powder and the polyester slices are 1.5 percent and 98.5 percent respectively.
In the step H, in the dyeing process, the amount of the natural dye dioscorea cirrhosa dye is 8.5% o.w.f., and the temperature is as follows: 55 ℃, dyeing time: 30min, bath ratio: 1: 25.
in the step H, the addition amount of the ternary polymerization organosilicon softening agent is 40-60 g/L.
Example 2
A preparation method of an anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation comprises the following steps:
A. grinding raw vermiculite into powder, and screening micron-sized raw vermiculite powder;
B. baking the raw vermiculite powder for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to remove water on the surface layer of the raw vermiculite powder;
C. adding raw vermiculite powder into polyester slices, heating while stirring, and controlling the process of heating from normal temperature to 210 ℃ for 4 h;
D. continuously heating to 310 ℃ and preserving heat for 40min to obtain molten state modified polyester;
E. the modified polyester chip is spun on a spinning machine at high speed to prepare nascent fiber, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 320 ℃, and the spinning speed is 1450 m/min;
F. setting the nascent fiber by adopting a parallel drafting machine to obtain polyester fiber, wherein the drafting multiple is 4 times;
G. spinning the polyester fibers into polyester fabrics by a conventional method;
H. dyeing the polyester fabric by using a natural dye and a padding process, washing with clear water, immersing into a terpolymer organic silicon softening agent solution, finishing for 10-15min at 80-90 ℃, and drying to obtain the finished polyester fabric.
In the step A, the raw vermiculite powder is raw vermiculite powder with the particle size of 5-20 microns.
In the step C, the length, the width and the height of the polyester chip are not more than 2 mm.
In the step C, the weight percentages of the raw vermiculite powder and the polyester slices are 0.5 percent and 99.5 percent respectively.
In the step H, in the dyeing process, the amount of the natural dye, gallnut dye, is 6% o.w.f., and the temperature is as follows: 60 ℃, dyeing time: 25min, bath ratio: 1: 30.
in the step H, the addition amount of the ternary polymerization organosilicon softening agent is 40-60 g/L.
Example 3
A preparation method of an anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation comprises the following steps:
A. grinding raw vermiculite into powder, and screening micron-sized raw vermiculite powder;
B. baking the raw vermiculite powder for 16 hours at 50 ℃ to remove water on the surface layer of the raw vermiculite powder;
C. adding raw vermiculite powder into polyester slices, heating while stirring, and controlling the process of heating from normal temperature to 200 ℃ for 8 h;
D. continuously heating to 320 ℃ and preserving heat for 25min to obtain molten state modified polyester;
E. the modified polyester chip is spun on a spinning machine at high speed to prepare nascent fiber, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 350 ℃, and the spinning speed is 1300 m/min;
F. setting the nascent fiber by adopting a parallel drafting machine to obtain polyester fiber, wherein the drafting multiple is 3 times;
G. spinning the polyester fibers into polyester fabrics by a conventional method;
H. dyeing the polyester fabric by using a natural dye and a padding process, washing with clear water, immersing into a terpolymer organic silicon softening agent solution, finishing for 10-15min at 80-90 ℃, and drying to obtain the finished polyester fabric.
In the step A, the raw vermiculite powder is raw vermiculite powder with the particle size of 5-20 microns.
In the step C, the length, the width and the height of the polyester chip are not more than 2 mm.
In the step C, the weight percentages of the raw vermiculite powder and the polyester slices are respectively 2 percent and 98 percent.
In the step H, in the dyeing process, the amount of the natural dye perilla frutescens dye is 10% o.w.f., and the temperature is as follows: 50 ℃, dyeing time: 35min, bath ratio: 1: 20.
in the step H, the addition amount of the ternary polymerization organosilicon softening agent is 40-60 g/L.
The environmental-friendly anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric prepared by the invention and the fabric spun by the fiber in the embodiment 1 disclosed in the Chinese invention patent CN105862160A are compared and tested, and the following data are obtained:
table 1: the physical property of the fabric is compared with the test data of the Chinese patent CN 105862160A;
| detecting items | Example 1 | CN105862160A | Silk broadcloth |
| Breaking Strength N (warp direction) | 310N | 280N | 320N |
| Breaking Strength N (weft) | 260N | 250N | 270N |
| Pilling resistance | 4 to 5 grades | 4 to 5 grades | 4 to 5 grades |
| Wet resistance RET RETm2·K/W | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 |
| Thermal resistance RCT RCTm2·K/W | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.06 |
| Static degree of drapability% | 42％ | 40％ | 42％ |
| Dynamic degree of drapability% | 42％ | 44％ | 43％ |
| Ultraviolet ray resistance | 50+ | 28 | / |
| Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) | 35 | 32 | / |
From the above detection data, the physical properties of the environment-friendly anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric prepared in example 1 are already fully close to those of a silk fabric, and compared with the polyester fabric, the environment-friendly anti-ultraviolet polyester fabric has a very good improvement, and compared with the Chinese invention patent CN105862160A, the ultraviolet resistance is also obviously enhanced.
The following analysis was performed to analyze the final effect of the particle size of the raw vermiculite powder on the fibres:
comparative example 1
The raw vermiculite powder in example 1 is replaced by raw vermiculite powder with the particle size of 1-5 microns, and the preparation conditions are not changed.
Comparative example 2
The raw vermiculite powder in example 1 is replaced by raw vermiculite powder with the particle size of 20-50 microns, and the preparation conditions are not changed.
The preparation method of the terylene of the comparative examples 1-2 is different from the preparation method of the example 1 only in the particle size of the vermiculite powder, and the physical properties of the fabrics prepared by the terylene are detected as follows:
table 2: influence of the particle size of the raw vermiculite powder on the physical properties of the fabric;
| detecting items | Example 1 | Comparative example 1 | Example 5 |
| Breaking Strength N (warp direction) | 310N | 345N | 180N |
| Breaking Strength N (weft) | 260N | 305N | 105N |
| Ultraviolet ray resistance | 50+ | 5-10 | 50+ |
According to the detection data, the particle size of the raw vermiculite powder is too small, so that the influence on the breaking strength of the original polyester fiber is small, the ultraviolet resistance improving effect is limited, and the modification effect is poor; the excessive particle size of the raw vermiculite powder can affect the breaking strength of the original polyester fiber and even the textile performance.
The following analyses were carried out on the influence of the amount of vermiculite powder added on the fibres:
comparative example 3
The amount of raw vermiculite powder added in example 1 was reduced to 0.1%, and the rest of the preparation conditions were unchanged.
Comparative example 4
The addition of the raw vermiculite powder in example 1 was increased to 5%, and the rest of the preparation conditions were unchanged.
The preparation methods of the polyester fabrics of comparative examples 3 and 4 are different from the preparation method of example 1 only in the addition amount of the vermiculite powder, and the physical properties of the fabrics prepared by the methods are detected as follows:
table 3: influence of the addition of the raw vermiculite powder on the physical properties of the fabric;
| detecting items | Example 1 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 |
| Breaking Strength N (warp direction) | 310N | 345N | 205 |
| Breaking Strength N (weft) | 260N | 295N | 115 |
| Ultraviolet ray resistance | 50+ | 12 | 50+ |
According to the detection data, the addition amount of the raw vermiculite powder is too small, the influence on the physical properties of the original polyester fiber, such as breaking strength, ultraviolet resistance and the like, is small, and the modification effect is poor; and the addition of the raw vermiculite powder is too large, so that the breaking strength of the polyester fiber and even the textile performance are influenced. Compared with the Chinese patent CN105862160A, the ultraviolet resistance of the polyester fabric prepared by the invention is obviously enhanced.
Comparative example 5
The step B of the raw vermiculite powder in the example 1 is replaced by the step of baking the raw vermiculite powder for 16 hours at the temperature of 400 ℃ to obtain expanded vermiculite powder, and the other preparation conditions are not changed.
The difference between the preparation method of the polyester fabric of the comparative example 5 and the preparation method of the example 1 is that whether interlayer moisture is removed by the added vermiculite powder or not, and the physical properties of the fabric prepared by the above materials are detected as follows:
table 4: influence of interlayer moisture of the vermiculite powder on the physical property of the fabric;
| detecting items | Example 1 | Comparative example 5 |
| Breaking Strength N (warp direction) | 310N | 175N |
| Breaking Strength N (weft) | 260N | 155N |
| Ultraviolet ray resistance | 50+ | 50+ |
Compared with the expanded vermiculite powder which is fully heated and expanded, the raw vermiculite powder and the polyester slices are bonded and expanded at the same time, so that the dispersion effect in the polyester fiber and the bonding strength with the fiber are obviously improved; therefore, the breaking strength of the produced polyester fabric is remarkably improved.
Comparative example 6
The post-treatment step of the terpolymer silicone softener in example 1 was removed, and the remaining preparation conditions were unchanged.
The color fixing effect of the dyed fabric is detected as follows:
table 5: the influence of post-treatment of the softening agent on the color fixing effect of the fabric;
| detecting items | Example 1 | Comparative example 6 |
| Color fastness to washing | Grade 5 | Grade 3 |
| Color fastness to soaping | Grade 5 | 2-3 stages |
According to the test data, the color fixing effect of the polyester fabric is obviously enhanced after the polyester fabric is subjected to the post-treatment of the ternary polymerization organic silicon softening agent.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the ultraviolet-resistant polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
A. grinding raw vermiculite into powder, and screening micron-sized raw vermiculite powder;
B. baking the raw vermiculite powder for 12-16h at 50-60 ℃ to remove water on the surface layer of the raw vermiculite powder;
C. adding raw vermiculite powder into polyester slices, heating while stirring, and controlling the process of heating from normal temperature to 200-210 ℃ for 4-8 h;
D. continuously heating to 310-320 ℃ and preserving the heat for 25-40min to obtain molten state modified polyester;
E. the modified polyester chip is spun on a spinning machine at high speed to prepare nascent fiber, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 320-350 ℃, and the spinning speed is 1300-1450 m/min;
F. setting the nascent fiber by adopting a parallel drafting machine to obtain polyester fiber, wherein the drafting multiple is 3-4 times;
G. spinning the polyester fibers into polyester fabrics by a conventional method;
H. dyeing the polyester fabric by using a natural dye and a padding process, washing with clear water, immersing into a terpolymer organic silicon softening agent solution, finishing for 10-15min at 80-90 ℃, and drying to obtain a finished polyester fabric;
in the step H, in the dyeing process, the amount of the natural dye is 6 to 10% o.w.f., and the temperature is as follows: 50-60 ℃, dyeing time: 25-35min, bath ratio: 1: 20-30 parts of; the addition amount of the ternary polymerization organosilicon softening agent is 40-60 g/L;
in the step A, the raw vermiculite powder is raw vermiculite powder with the particle size of 5-20 microns;
in the step C, the weight percentages of the raw vermiculite powder and the polyester slices are 0.5-2% and 98-99.5%, respectively.
2. The method for preparing the ultraviolet-resistant polyester fabric suitable for outdoor operation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step C, the length, width and height of the polyester chip are not more than 2 mm.
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| CN110863260A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-03-06 | 湖州和睦服饰有限公司 | Preparation method of polyester yarn for chiffon garment fabric for children |
| CN111020810A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-17 | 湖州和睦服饰有限公司 | Preparation method of blended fabric for chiffon clothes for children |
| CN111559144A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-21 | 新沂市源茂纺织有限公司 | Preparation method of multifunctional composite outdoor fiber fabric |
| CN113389054A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-14 | 苏州大上科高新材料有限公司 | Flame-retardant anti-ultraviolet finishing process for oxford fabric |
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| KR20010086868A (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-09-15 | 김원배 | Fibre Containing Vermiculite and Perlite |
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