CN109759308A - Laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform - Google Patents
Laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the ultrasonic vibration secondary process technical fields in special processing technology, disclose laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform；The Minuteness Machining Stage includes along direction of feed ultrasonic vibration system, along working engagement of the cutting edge direction ultrasonic vibration system, along the vertical direction ultrasonic vibration system and laser displacement sensor measuring system；It is in be mutually perpendicular to be distributed in three ultrasonic vibration spaces.The invention is without carrying out any change to machine tool chief axis, on common lathe, it is coupled out different elliptical vibration tracks according to actual needs, realize that one, two and three-D ultrasonic of workpiece to be processed vibrate secondary process, it solves the problems, such as to interfere between vibration displacement on different directions during multidimensional elliptical vibration, increase the amplitude and frequency of laser displacement sensor, convenient for the adjusting to ultrasonic vibration system vibration parameters, realize on machine tool to difficult-to-machine material high efficiency, high accuracy three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration secondary process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ultrasonic vibration secondary process technical fields, and in particular to a kind of swashing applied to difficult-to-machine material
Light assists on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform and application method.
Background technique
Since use scope of the difficult-to-machine material components in modern industry and usage quantity increasingly increase severely so that it is difficult plus
High efficiency, the high quality of work material components are processed into one of the critical issue of urgent need to resolve in modern manufacturing industry.However, by
There is poor machinability in difficult-to-machine material itself, high quality, height are carried out to difficult-to-machine material using conventional machining techniques
The processing of efficiency and low cost is still filled with many difficulty and challenge.In the 1950s, the river bend of Japanese Utsunomiya university
Pure professor youth in portion first proposed supersonic vibration cutting method.In the 1990s, vibrating secondary process in One-Dimensional Ultrasonic
On the basis of, two professor of this English of Japanese scholars society proposes a kind of adding for completely new processing method " elliptical vibration cutting " (EVC)
Work method is including cutting direction and direction vibration synchronous to cutting edge application in the plane in chip flow direction.
Ultrasonic vibration secondary process technology has huge application prospect in Precision and Ultra-precision Machining technology, can be very
The good processing problems for solving the high part of difficult-to-machine material, nonmetallic materials, surface quality requirements.In recent years, as 2D is ellipse
The continuous research and application of circular vibration cutting, the processing method that many scholars propose " 3D elliptical vibration cutting " (3DEVC) exist
Including space ellipse vibration synchronous to cutting edge application in cutting direction, chip flow direction and the space of direction of feed.3D
There are interrupted cut characteristics and frictional force reversal characteristics during elliptical vibration cutting, can largely extend the cutter longevity
Life reduces cutting force, improves machined surface quality, is a kind of machining mode of current great potential.
Currently, the research of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining device is mainly based on the research of one-dimensional, two dimensional ultrasonic vibration device, it is right
It is relatively fewer in the research of three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration installation.Main shaft One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibration device generally require to main shaft carry out compared with
Big change easily influences the intrinsic machining accuracy of main shaft of precision machine tool.Two dimensional ultrasonic vibration main shaft is in addition to there are One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibrations
Except dynamic disadvantage, there is also ultrasonic amplitudes the shortcomings that small, different directions amplitudes interfere.Currently, for three-D ultrasonic
The research of auxiliary machining device is vibrated also in the exploratory stage, and three-D ultrasonic vibration is applied on main shaft to there is also many skills
Art problem needs to solve.Therefore, the present invention proposes that it is a kind of effective alternative that three-D ultrasonic vibration, which is applied on workpiece,.
This method can guarantee the intrinsic machining accuracy of machine tool chief axis, while the vibration that is able to solve different directions again interferes
Problem, while changing invention device and can be realized one-dimensional, two and three dimensions ultrasonic vibrating machining device.
Ultrasonic vibration is applied to by three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform of the present invention to be mutually perpendicular to
On vibrating mass, the three-dimensional space elliptical vibration of workpiece to be processed is realized using the vibration coupling between direction of vibration, can be avoided
Change to precision machine tool machining spindle guarantees the intrinsic machining accuracy of lathe.
Summary of the invention
The technology of the present invention is that different directions vibration amplitude present in existing oval processing technology is overcome to interfere, vibrate
Amplitude is less than normal and needs to change the outstanding problems such as the intrinsic machining accuracy of lathe, and it is three-dimensional to propose a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement
Elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform and its application method, the invention can realize work to be processed on common lathe
One-dimensional, the two and three dimensions ultrasonic vibration secondary process of part.For vibration amplitude through transducer energy conversion and amplitude transformer cumulative
After effect, actual vibration amplitude the problem of significant change has occurred of ultrasonic vibration system output, the present invention is proposed using swashing
The amplitude and frequency of Optical displacement sensor on-line measurement ultrasonic vibration are capable of the vibration of real-time detection and record ultrasonic vibration system
Characteristic, convenient for the adjusting to ultrasonic vibration system vibration parameters.
A kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform, including it is super along direction of feed
Acoustic vibration system, along working engagement of the cutting edge direction ultrasonic vibration system, along the vertical direction ultrasonic vibration system and laser displacement sensor
Measuring system；It is described to be arranged in above direction of feed ultrasonic vibration system along working engagement of the cutting edge direction ultrasonic vibration system,
It is described to be arranged in above ultrasonic vibration system along the vertical direction along direction of feed ultrasonic vibration system, three ultrasounds vibration
Dynamic system is in be mutually perpendicular to be distributed in space；Wherein along working engagement of the cutting edge direction, ultrasonic vibration system includes energy converter A (1), becomes
Width bar A (2)；It draws money on credit fagging (3), upper resonance block (4), workpiece to be processed (5), fastening screw (6)；It shakes along direction of feed ultrasonic wave
Dynamic system includes that energy converter B (7), amplitude transformer B (8), short support plate (9), lower resonance block (10), linear guide A (13), straight line are led
Rail B (14)；Ultrasonic vibration system includes energy converter C (11), amplitude transformer C (12) along the vertical direction；Energy converter A (1) and luffing
The ultrasonic vibrator A of bar A (2) composition is fixed on square bottom plate (28) by fagging of drawing money on credit (3) in amplitude transformer A (2) node location
On；The ultrasonic vibrator B of energy converter B (7) and amplitude transformer B (8) composition is solid by short support plate (9) in amplitude transformer B (8) node location
It is scheduled on square bottom plate (28)；The ultrasonic vibrator C of energy converter C (11) and amplitude transformer C (12) composition passes through on amplitude transformer C (12)
Flange be fixed on square bottom plate (28)；Ultrasonic vibrator A and ultrasonic vibrator B in the horizontal plane shake by perpendicular arrangement, ultrasound
The plane of sub- C and ultrasonic vibrator A and ultrasonic vibrator B composition is perpendicular, and the structure of three groups of ultrasonic vibrators is identical with performance；
Lead to respectively between the fixing end and amplitude transformer A (2), amplitude transformer A (2) and energy converter A (1) of the upper resonance block (4)
Studs connection is crossed, the central axis of two studs is conllinear；The fixing end (10) of the lower resonance block and amplitude transformer B (8),
It is connect respectively by studs between amplitude transformer B (8) and energy converter B (7), the central axis of two studs is conllinear；It is described
The end downside of lower resonance block (10) is mounted on amplitude transformer C (12) end face by linear guide B (14), linear guide B
(14) guide rail direction is consistent with lower resonance block (10) direction of vibration；The upper resonance block (4) and lower resonance block (10) pass through straight
Line guide rail A (13) is connected, and the end that linear guide A (13) is fixed on lower resonance block (10) is opposite with linear guide B (14)
Upper side, the guide rail direction of linear guide A (13) are consistent with upper resonance block (4) direction of vibration；The workpiece to be processed (5) passes through
It is threadedly coupled the end for being directly fixed on resonance block；Ultrasonic vibrator A and ultrasonic vibrator B coordinates phase by conducting wire and dual output
Supersonic generator A (26) is connected, and ultrasonic vibrator C is connected by conducting wire with supersonic generator B (27)；
The laser displacement sensor measuring system includes laser displacement sensor A (19), laser displacement sensor B (24)
And seat structure；Laser displacement sensor A (19), laser displacement sensor B (24) are fixed on right angle by seat structure respectively
On shape bottom plate (28).The laser displacement sensor has the characteristics that sample frequency height and with high accuracy, is sensed using laser displacement
The amplitude and frequency of device on-line measurement ultrasonic vibration are capable of the vibration characteristics of real-time detection and record ultrasonic vibration system, are convenient for
Adjusting to ultrasonic vibration system vibration parameters.
Further, the overall dimensions of the size of above-mentioned workpiece to be processed and upper resonance block composition meet design frequency and vibration
The requirement of the dynamic vibration shape, the overall dimensions of the overall dimensions and lower vibrating mass of the size of the workpiece to be processed and upper resonance block composition
It is identical, the whole intrinsic frequency and ultrasonic generator rated output frequency phase-difference of the workpiece to be processed and upper resonance block be less than ±
100Hz, the intrinsic frequency and ultrasonic generator rated output frequency phase-difference of the lower resonance block are less than ± 100Hz, described upper and lower
The vibration shape of resonance block is the longitudinal vibration vibration shape, and the end of upper and lower resonance block has vibration displacement maximum value.
Seat structure in above-mentioned laser displacement sensor measuring system, including switching regulator magnet base, support rod, hinge,
Connecting rod, support；Switching regulator magnet base upper end connection support bar, the support rod other end are connect by hinge with connecting rod, connecting rod connection
Laser displacement sensor is arranged in support, support upper end.The switching regulator magnet base can easily adjust laser displacement sensor
Position.
Above-mentioned supersonic generator A (26) is able to achieve while exporting that two frequencies are identical and the ultrasonic wave of phase-adjustable letter
Number, supersonic generator B (27) is compared with supersonic generator A (26), other than output signal quantity is different, function ginseng
Number is identical with the functional parameter of supersonic generator A.
Above-mentioned square bottom plate (28) is connected by four vertical direction support plates with square floor (29), by rectangular
Bottom plate (29) is fixed on platen.
Above-mentioned linear guide A (13) and linear guide B (14) are all rolling friction linear guide.
Above-mentioned amplitude transformer A (2) and energy converter A (1), amplitude transformer B (8) and energy converter B (7), amplitude transformer C (12) and energy converter
Contact surface between C (11) and workpiece to be processed (5) and upper resonance block (4) smears vaseline as transfer medium.Guarantee
The close contact of connection reduces the loss of energy in ultrasonic vibration transmittance process.
The application of above-mentioned a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform, when three
When the ultrasonic vibrator in direction is in running order simultaneously, which realizes space ellipse ultrasonic vibration secondary process；If horizontal plane
The ultrasonic vibrator of interior x, y and z directionss is in running order, then in space three be mutually perpendicular to the displacement side of same frequency simple harmonic oscillation
Journey indicates are as follows:
Time t is eliminated, abbreviation obtains:
WhenThen
AdjustmentWithPhase difference, obtain the three-dimensional space ultrasonic vibration elliptical trajectory with different postures.
It can be with by the switch of the amplitude and phase difference and supersonic generator B that adjust ultrasonic generator A output signal
It is coupled out different motion profiles according to actual needs.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is by being respectively applied to being mutually perpendicular to for optimized design for ultrasonic vibration
Vibrating mass on, using vibrating mass displacement coupling realize workpiece to be processed three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration secondary process, avoid
Interfering between different directions vibration displacement and the lesser problem of vibration amplitude；The present invention can be had using linear guide
Effect reduces the effect of energy loss and the stability of increase vibration in vibration transmittance process；The present invention can be on common lathe
One-dimensional, the two and three dimensions ultrasonic vibration secondary process for realizing workpiece to be processed, without any to precision machine tool machining spindle
Change can guarantee lathe or the intrinsic machining accuracy of machining center；Make for through transducer energy conversion and amplitude transformer cumulative
With the problem of later, significant change has occurred in the actual vibration amplitude of ultrasonic vibration system output, the present invention proposes to use laser
The amplitude and frequency of displacement sensor on-line measurement ultrasonic vibration are capable of the vibration spy of real-time detection and record ultrasonic vibration system
Property, convenient for the adjusting to ultrasonic vibration system vibration parameters.In conclusion the present invention is without carrying out any change to machine tool chief axis
It is dynamic, one-dimensional, the two and three dimensions ultrasonic vibration secondary process of workpiece to be processed, while energy just can be realized on common lathe
It enough solves the problems, such as to interfere between vibration displacement on different directions during multidimensional elliptical vibration, while increasing laser displacement
The amplitude and frequency of sensor on-line measurement ultrasonic vibration, it is final to realize convenient for the adjusting to ultrasonic vibration system vibration parameters
To difficult-to-machine material high efficiency, high accuracy three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration secondary process on machine tool.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stereochemical structure main view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is of the invention along working engagement of the cutting edge direction ultrasonic vibrator and workpiece to be processed main view；
Fig. 3 is of the invention along direction of feed ultrasonic vibrator and linear guide connection schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is ultrasonic vibrator structural schematic diagram along the vertical direction of the invention；
Fig. 5 is ultrasonic vibration system clamping support schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 6 is displacement sensor bearing structure illustration of the invention；
Fig. 7 is application example One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibration secondary process motion profile of the invention；
Fig. 8 is application example two-dimensional surface elliptical ultrasonic vibration secondary process motion profile of the invention；
Fig. 9 is application example three-dimensional space elliptical ultrasonic vibration secondary process motion profile of the invention；
In figure: 1 energy converter A；2 amplitude transformer A；3 draw money on credit fagging；Resonance block on 4；5 workpieces to be processed；6 fastening screws；7 change
It can device B；8 amplitude transformer B；9 short support plates；10 lower resonance blocks；11 energy converter C；12 amplitude transformer C；13 linear guide A；14 straight lines are led
Rail B；15 magnet base A；16 support rod A；17 hinge A；18 connecting rod A；19 laser displacement sensor A；20 support A；21 magnet base B；
22 support rod B；23 hinge B；24 laser displacement sensor B；25 support B；26 supersonic generator A；27 supersonic generator B；
28 square bottom plates；29 square floors；30 support plates.
Specific embodiment
Preferred application example of the invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing, so that advantages and features of the invention are easier to
In being readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, to make apparent clearly define to protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention utilizes the displacement coupling of vibrating mass by the way that ultrasonic vibration to be respectively applied on orthogonal vibrating mass
It realizes the three-dimensional elliptical vibration machining of workpiece to be processed, solves mutually dry between vibration displacement in current ultrasonic ellipse processing technology
The problem related to.The present invention easily can need to be coupled out different ellipses on common machining tool according to actual processing
Motion profile (one-dimensional, two and three dimensions) realizes high efficiency, high-precision ultrasound processing.In addition, the present invention is passed using laser displacement
Sensor on-line measurement ultrasonic vibration system is capable of the vibration characteristics of real-time detection and record ultrasonic vibration system, convenient for ultrasound
Vibrational system vibration parameters are adjusted.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform includes edge
Direction of feed ultrasonic vibration system, along working engagement of the cutting edge direction ultrasonic vibration system, ultrasonic vibration system and laser along the vertical direction
Four part of displacement sensor system composition.
A kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform, as shown in Figures 1 to 6,
The embodiment of the present invention includes: including square bottom plate A28, square floor B 29, upper resonance block 4, lower resonance block 10, linear guide
A13 and linear guide B 14, fagging 3 of drawing money on credit, short support plate 9, amplitude transformer A2, amplitude transformer B8 and amplitude transformer C12, energy converter A1,
Energy converter B7 and energy converter C11, supersonic generator A26 and supersonic generator B27, laser displacement sensor A19 and laser
The composition such as displacement sensor B24 and workpiece to be processed 5.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the workpiece to be processed is connected through a screw thread on the free end for being fixed on resonance block 4.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the free end downside of the lower resonance block 10 is mounted on luffing by linear guide B14
On the end face bar C12, the guide rail direction of linear guide B14 is consistent with lower resonance 10 direction of vibration of block；The upper and lower resonance block passes through
Linear guide A13 is connected, and linear guide A13 is fixed on the free end upside opposite with linear guide B14 of lower resonance block 10
Face, the guide rail direction of linear guide A13 are consistent with upper 4 direction of vibration of resonance block.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the ultrasonic vibrator of energy converter A1 and amplitude transformer A2 composition passes through in amplitude transformer A2 node location
Fagging 3 of drawing money on credit is fixed on square bottom plate A28；The ultrasonic vibrator of energy converter B7 and amplitude transformer B7 composition is in amplitude transformer B7 node
Position is fixed on square bottom plate A28 by short support plate 9；The ultrasonic vibrator of energy converter C11 and amplitude transformer C12 composition passes through
Flange on amplitude transformer C12 is fixed on square bottom plate A28.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the ultrasonic vibrator A and amplitude transformer B7 and transducing of the amplitude transformer A2 and energy converter A1 composition
The ultrasonic vibrator C of the ultrasonic vibrator B perpendicular arrangement in the horizontal plane of device B7 composition, energy converter 11C and amplitude transformer 12C composition with
The plane of ultrasonic vibrator A and ultrasonic vibrator B composition is mutually perpendicular to；The upper resonance block 4 and lower resonance block 10 respectively along feeding and
Working engagement of the cutting edge direction is in be mutually perpendicular to arrange, and the plane of upper resonance block 4 and lower resonance block 10 composition is perpendicular to amplitude transformer C 12.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, laser displacement sensor A19 and laser displacement sensor B24 pass through switching regulator magnetic force
Seat 15 and 21 is fixed on square bottom plate A28；The square floor B29 uses bolt fastening on platen, right angle
Shape bottom plate A28 is fixed on square floor 29B by 4 support plates；
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the energy converter A1 and energy converter B7 coordinates phase station ultrasonic wave hair by conducting wire and dual output
Raw device A19 is connected, and supersonic generator A19 is able to achieve while exporting that two frequencies are identical and the ultrasonic wave of phase-adjustable is believed
Number；The energy converter C11 is connected by conducting wire with supersonic generator B24, the output frequency of supersonic generator B24 and super
The output frequency of acoustic generator A19 is identical.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, described to be arranged in along working engagement of the cutting edge direction ultrasonic vibration apparatus along direction of feed ultrasonic wave
It is described to be arranged in above ultrasonic vibration apparatus along the vertical direction along direction of feed ultrasonic vibration apparatus above vibration device,
Square bottom plate 28 is connected by 4 vertical direction support plates with square floor 29, and whole ultrasonic vibration installation passes through rectangular
Bottom plate 29 is fixed on platen.
Further, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the overall dimensions energy of the size 5 of workpiece to be processed and upper vibrating mass 4 composition
Enough meet design frequency and vibrate the requirement of the vibration shape, and is identical as the overall dimensions of lower vibrating mass 10, workpiece to be processed and upper vibration
The whole intrinsic frequency of motion block is differed with ultrasonic generator rated frequency is less than ± 100Hz, the intrinsic frequency of lower vibrating mass and super
Acoustic generator rated frequency difference is less than ± 100Hz, and the vibration shape of upper and lower vibrating mass is the longitudinal vibration vibration shape, and upper and lower vibrating mass
Free end has vibration displacement maximum value.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the fixing end and amplitude transformer A2 of the upper vibrating mass 4, between amplitude transformer A2 and energy converter A1
It is connected respectively by studs, the central axis of two studs is conllinear；The lower vibrating mass 10 and amplitude transformer B8, amplitude transformer
It is connected respectively by studs between B8 and energy converter B7, the central axis of two studs is conllinear；In order to guarantee connection
It is in close contact, reduces the loss of energy in ultrasonic vibration transmittance process, amplitude transformer A2 and energy converter A1, amplitude transformer B8 and energy converter
Contact surface between B7, amplitude transformer C12 and energy converter C11 and workpiece to be processed 5 and upper vibrating mass 4 smears vaseline conduct
Transfer medium.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the linear guide A13 and linear guide B14 is all rolling friction linear guide.
As shown in Figure 1, the ultrasonic vibrator A and ultrasonic vibrator B in the horizontal plane coordinate phase by conducting wire and dual output
Supersonic generator A26 is connected, and supersonic generator A is able to achieve while exporting that two frequencies are identical and the ultrasound of phase-adjustable
Wave signal, the vertical ultrasonic vibrator C are connected by conducting wire with supersonic generator B27, with supersonic generator A26 phase
Than, other than output signal quantity is different, the functional parameter of supersonic generator 27B and the functional parameter of ultrasonic generator A
It is identical.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the energy converter A and amplitude transformer A forms one group of ultrasonic vibrator A, energy converter B and amplitude transformer B
It forms one group of ultrasonic vibrator B, energy converter C and amplitude transformer C and forms one group of ultrasonic vibrator C, the structure and performance of three groups of ultrasonic vibrators
It is identical.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, laser displacement sensor A19 and laser displacement sensor B24 is solid by switching regulator magnet base
It is scheduled on square bottom plate 28, switching regulator magnet base can easily adjust laser displacement sensor A19 and laser displacement sensing
The position of device B24, the laser displacement sensor have the characteristics that sample frequency height and with high accuracy, use laser displacement sensor
The amplitude and frequency of on-line measurement ultrasonic vibration, be capable of real-time detection and record ultrasonic vibration system vibration characteristics, convenient for pair
The adjusting of ultrasonic vibration system vibration parameters.
When the invention works, the supersonic frequency electric oscillation signal of supersonic generator output is converted into surpassing by ultrasonic transducer
Audio frequency mechanical oscillation, cumulative and amplification of the ultrasonic amplitude Jing Guo amplitude transformer caused by ultrasonic transducer radiating surface, are becoming
The small end of width bar can export the mechanical oscillation of Amplitude amplification, and ultrasonic amplitude transformer is by the Amplitude amplification of ultrasonic vibration and passes to vibration
Motion block, the intrinsic frequency of vibrating mass are approximately equal to supersonic frequency, and the vibration shape of vibrating mass is longitudinal vibration mode, and vibrating mass is ultrasonic mechanical
Drive workpiece that ultrasound resonance occurs under the incentive action of vibration, when work, workpiece to be processed is fixed on the end of vibrating mass, this
Invention is realized to be processed by the way that ultrasonic vibration to be respectively applied on orthogonal vibrating mass using the displacement coupling of vibrating mass
The three-dimensional elliptical vibration machining of workpiece.In addition, the present invention is equally applicable in one-dimensional, two dimensional ultrasonic vibration processing.Consider
To ultrasonic amplitude after energy converter conversion and amplitude transformer amplification, the actual vibration amplitude of ultrasonic vibration system output occurs
Significant change, the present invention use the amplitude and frequency of laser displacement sensor on-line measurement ultrasonic vibration, being capable of real-time detection
With record ultrasonic vibration system vibration characteristics, convenient for the adjusting to ultrasonic vibration system vibration parameters.
For the ease of clearly describing one-dimensional, two and three dimensions ultrasonic vibration secondary process application example of the invention, definition
O-xyz rectangular coordinate system defines the working engagement of the cutting edge direction that the direction y is cutter wherein defining the direction of feed that the direction x is cutter,
Defining the direction z is to be parallel to tool axis direction.Therefore, along direction of feed, working engagement of the cutting edge direction and vertical direction ultrasonic vibrator
The vibration displacement of output can be expressed as,
In formula, A1, A2And A3Respectively indicate direction of feed, working engagement of the cutting edge direction and vertical direction ultrasonic vibrator output displacement
Amplitude, f indicate ultrasonic generator output ultrasonic signal nominal vibration frequency,WithRespectively indicate direction of feed,
The initial phase in working engagement of the cutting edge direction and vertical direction ultrasonic vibrator output displacement, t indicate the working time of ultrasonic vibration system.
According to actual processing request, assisted using a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration micro-
Fining-off platform can produce a variety of ultrasonic vibration tracks, provide a variety of Ultrasonic machining technology embodiments.
One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibrates secondary process technical solution:
When the ultrasonic vibrator in only single direction is in running order, i.e., other two ultrasonic vibrator is in inoperative shape
State, at this point, the present invention can be realized One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibration secondary process, the motion profile of ultrasonic vibrator output is as shown in Figure 7.This
When, the output displacement equation of ultrasonic vibrator can indicate are as follows:
In formula, D can be taken as Dx, DyOr Dz；A can be taken as A1, A2Or A3；It can be taken asOr
Planar elliptical ultrasonic vibration secondary process technical solution:
When in running order there are two the ultrasonic vibrator in direction simultaneously, i.e., only one ultrasonic vibrator is in inoperative
State, at this point, the present invention can be realized planar elliptical ultrasonic vibration secondary process, the motion profile of two ultrasonic vibrators output is such as
Shown in Fig. 8.
Assuming that the ultrasonic vibrator in the direction x and y is in running order in horizontal plane, the ultrasonic vibrator in the direction z is in inoperative
State, then two displacement equations for being mutually perpendicular to same frequency simple harmonic oscillation can indicate are as follows:
By two formula simultaneous, t is eliminated, can be obtained
It will be added and can obtain after two formulas square above again
According to the above analysis it is found that when the phase difference of ultrasonic vibration signal is the integral multiple of π, the coupling fortune of ultrasonic vibration
It moves as straight line；When the phase difference of ultrasonic vibration signal is the odd-multiple of pi/2, the coupled motions of ultrasonic vibration are the ellipse of rule
Circle；When the phase difference other values of ultrasonic vibration signal, the coupled motions of ultrasonic vibration are tiltedly oval.
Space ellipse ultrasonic vibration secondary process technical solution:
When the ultrasonic vibrator in three directions is in running order simultaneously, surpass at this point, the present invention can be realized space ellipse
The motion profile of acoustic vibration secondary process, the output of three ultrasonic vibrators is as shown in Figure 9.
Assuming that the ultrasonic vibrator of x, y and z directionss is in running order in horizontal plane, then in space three be mutually perpendicular to frequency
The displacement equation of rate simple harmonic oscillation can indicate are as follows:
According to the above method, can similarly obtain,
WhenWhen, then
AdjustmentWithPhase difference, obtain three-dimensional space ultrasonic vibration elliptical trajectory such as Fig. 9 with different postures
It is shown.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform, which is characterized in that including edge
Direction of feed ultrasonic vibration system, along working engagement of the cutting edge direction ultrasonic vibration system, along the vertical direction ultrasonic vibration system and laser
Displacement sensor system；It is described to be arranged in along working engagement of the cutting edge direction ultrasonic vibration system along direction of feed ultrasonic activation
It is described to be arranged in above ultrasonic vibration system along the vertical direction along direction of feed ultrasonic vibration system above system, it is described
Three ultrasonic vibration systems are in be mutually perpendicular to be distributed in space；Wherein along working engagement of the cutting edge direction, ultrasonic vibration system includes transducing
Device A (1), amplitude transformer A (2)；It draws money on credit fagging (3), upper resonance block (4), workpiece to be processed (5), fastening screw (6)；Along feeding side
It include energy converter B (7), amplitude transformer B (8), short support plate (9), lower resonance block (10), linear guide A to ultrasonic vibration system
(13), (14) linear guide B；Ultrasonic vibration system includes energy converter C (11), amplitude transformer C (12) along the vertical direction；Energy converter
The ultrasonic vibrator A of A (1) and amplitude transformer A (2) composition is fixed on right angle by fagging of drawing money on credit (3) in amplitude transformer A (2) node location
On shape bottom plate (28)；The ultrasonic vibrator B of energy converter B (7) and amplitude transformer B (8) composition passes through short in amplitude transformer B (8) node location
Support plate (9) is fixed on square bottom plate (28)；The ultrasonic vibrator C of energy converter C (11) and amplitude transformer C (12) composition passes through change
Flange on width bar C (12) is fixed on square bottom plate (28)；Ultrasonic vibrator A and ultrasonic vibrator B are perpendicular in the horizontal plane
The plane of arrangement, ultrasonic vibrator C and ultrasonic vibrator A and ultrasonic vibrator B composition is perpendicular, the structure and performance of three groups of ultrasonic vibrators
It is identical；
Respectively by double between the fixing end and amplitude transformer A (2), amplitude transformer A (2) and energy converter A (1) of the upper resonance block (4)
Header stud connection, the central axis of two studs are conllinear；The fixing end (10) of the lower resonance block and amplitude transformer B (8), luffing
It is connect respectively by studs between bar B (8) and energy converter B (7), the central axis of two studs is conllinear；It is humorous under described
The end downside of vibration block (10) is mounted on amplitude transformer C (12) end face by linear guide B (14), linear guide B's (14)
Guide rail direction is consistent with lower resonance block (10) direction of vibration；The upper resonance block (4) and lower resonance block (10) pass through linear guide A
(13) it is connected, linear guide A (13) is fixed on end and linear guide B (14) opposite upper side of lower resonance block (10),
The guide rail direction of linear guide A (13) is consistent with upper resonance block (4) direction of vibration；The workpiece to be processed (5) is connected by screw thread
Connect the end for being directly fixed on resonance block；Ultrasonic vibrator A and ultrasonic vibrator B coordinates phase station ultrasonic wave by conducting wire and dual output
Generator A (26) is connected, and ultrasonic vibrator C is connected by conducting wire with supersonic generator B (27)；
The laser displacement sensor measuring system includes laser displacement sensor A (19), laser displacement sensor B (24) and branch
Holder structure；Laser displacement sensor A (19), laser displacement sensor B (24) are fixed on square bottom by seat structure respectively
On plate (28).
2. a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing according to claim 1 is flat
Platform, which is characterized in that the overall dimensions of the size of the workpiece to be processed and upper resonance block composition meet design frequency and vibration
The overall dimensions phase of the overall dimensions and lower vibrating mass of the requirement of the vibration shape, the size of the workpiece to be processed and upper resonance block composition
Together, the whole intrinsic frequency of the workpiece to be processed and upper resonance block and ultrasonic generator rated output frequency phase-difference be less than ±
100Hz, the intrinsic frequency and ultrasonic generator rated output frequency phase-difference of the lower resonance block are less than ± 100Hz, described upper and lower
The vibration shape of resonance block is the longitudinal vibration vibration shape, and the end of upper and lower resonance block has vibration displacement maximum value.
3. a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing according to claim 1 or 2
Platform, which is characterized in that the seat structure in laser displacement sensor measuring system, including switching regulator magnet base, support rod, hinge
Chain, connecting rod, support；Switching regulator magnet base upper end connection support bar, the support rod other end are connect by hinge with connecting rod, and connecting rod connects
Support is connect, laser displacement sensor is arranged in support upper end.
4. a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing according to claim 1 or 2
Platform, which is characterized in that supersonic generator A (26) is able to achieve while exporting that two frequencies are identical and the ultrasonic wave of phase-adjustable
Signal, supersonic generator B (27) is compared with supersonic generator A (26), other than output signal quantity is different, function
Parameter is identical with the functional parameter of supersonic generator A.
5. a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing according to claim 1 or 2
Platform, which is characterized in that square bottom plate (28) is connected by four vertical direction support plates with square floor (29), is passed through
Square floor (29) is fixed on platen.
6. a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing according to claim 1 or 2
Platform, which is characterized in that the linear guide A (13) and linear guide B (14) are all rolling friction linear guide.
7. a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing according to claim 1 or 2
Platform, which is characterized in that amplitude transformer A (2) and energy converter A (1), amplitude transformer B (8) and energy converter B (7), amplitude transformer C (12) and change
Contact surface between energy device C (11) and workpiece to be processed (5) and upper resonance block (4) smears vaseline as transfer medium.
8. a kind of laser assisted on-line measurement three-dimensional elliptical ultrasonic vibration assist processing platform described in claim 1-7
Using, which is characterized in that when the ultrasonic vibrator in three directions is in running order simultaneously, which realizes space ellipse ultrasound
Vibrate secondary process；If the ultrasonic vibrator of x, y and z directionss is in running order in horizontal plane, then in space three be mutually perpendicular to
The displacement equation of same frequency simple harmonic oscillation indicates are as follows:
Time t is eliminated, abbreviation obtains:
WhenWhen, then
AdjustmentWithPhase difference, obtain the three-dimensional space ultrasonic vibration elliptical trajectory with different postures.
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