CN109757458B - Multi-air-duct air-conveying profiling spraying machine - Google Patents
Multi-air-duct air-conveying profiling spraying machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109757458B CN109757458B CN201910097336.7A CN201910097336A CN109757458B CN 109757458 B CN109757458 B CN 109757458B CN 201910097336 A CN201910097336 A CN 201910097336A CN 109757458 B CN109757458 B CN 109757458B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer which comprises a profiling frame, an electric control device, a transmission device, an air conveying device and a spraying device, wherein the electric control device controls the profiling frame, the transmission device, the air conveying device and the spraying device to act; the profiling frame comprises a height, width and angle adjusting device, so that the air duct and the nozzle can be adjusted in height, width and angle to realize directional profiling spraying, the nozzle is arranged in the air duct, the liquid medicine and the auxiliary air flow are fully mixed, and the coverage rate of the leaves can be effectively improved under the disturbance action of the air flow on the branches and leaves of the canopy. The invention improves the deposition rate and distribution uniformity of the fog drops on the canopy, reduces the drift of the liquid medicine and protects the ecological environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling spraying machine.
Background
Different fruit trees and the same fruit tree, in different growth periods, the height of the fruit tree, the shape and the thickness of a canopy are different, but the existing profiling spraying device aiming at the difference of the fruit trees at home and abroad is still relatively lacked, and the disclosed profiling spraying device such as an orchard directional mist sprayer of Shandong agriculture university is mostly adjusted by manual and mechanical methods, so that the application of the profiling spraying device in the field of plant protection is limited. Therefore, the current orchard plant protection pesticide application in China still has the following problems: the pesticide application equipment is poor, the pesticide application technical level is low, the labor intensity is high, the pesticide waste is serious, and the pesticide utilization rate is low. Therefore, aiming at the target characteristics of the fruit trees, the profiling spraying is carried out on the aspects of nozzle pose, air supply quantity, application dosage and the like, the utilization rate of pesticides can be greatly improved, and the drift is reduced, so that the method is a hotspot of current research. In the aspect of air volume adjustment, the existing axial-flow type spraying machine mainly aims at the aspect of changing the position and posture, has a mechanical arm structure, but has higher cost and complex control, and is difficult to enter the application field within a period of time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer. The air-conveying profiling spraying device is efficient, improves the deposition rate and the distribution uniformity of liquid medicine, and meets the actual requirements of agricultural production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer which comprises a profiling frame, an electric control device, an air conveying device and a plurality of spraying devices,
the profiling frame comprises a height adjusting device, a width adjusting device and an angle adjusting device, the height adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the width adjusting device, the angle adjusting device is symmetrically arranged at two sides of the width adjusting device, and the height adjusting device comprises a height movable rod cross beam, a height fixed rod cross beam, a height adjusting cylinder, a height adjusting fixed rod and a height adjusting movable rod; the width adjusting device comprises a width adjusting cylinder, a width adjusting bracket, a width adjusting movable rod and a width adjusting fixed rod; the angle adjusting device comprises an angle adjusting rod, an angle adjusting cylinder and an angle adjusting bracket;
the two ends of the height fixing rod cross beam are both connected with height adjusting fixing rods, the two ends of the height movable rod cross beam are both connected with height adjusting movable rods, one end of each height adjusting movable rod is connected with the height adjusting fixing rod in a sliding mode, and the two ends of each height adjusting cylinder are connected with the height fixing rod cross beam and the height movable rod cross beam respectively;
the two ends of the width adjusting bracket are both connected with width adjusting fixed rods, one end of each width adjusting movable rod is connected with the width adjusting fixed rods in a sliding mode, the other end of each width adjusting movable rod is connected with the angle adjusting bracket, and the two ends of each width adjusting cylinder are respectively connected with the width adjusting bracket and the angle adjusting bracket;
one end of the angle adjusting cylinder is connected with the angle adjusting bracket, one end of the angle adjusting cylinder is connected with the end part of the angle adjusting rod, the other end of the angle adjusting rod is connected with the angle adjusting bracket, and the angle adjusting cylinder stretches and retracts to drive the angle adjusting rod to rotate within a certain angle range;
the air supply device comprises an air adjusting door, a centrifugal fan, a multi-port distributor, an air conveying pipe and an air duct,
the air adjusting door is arranged in an air outlet channel of the multi-port distributor, an air inlet of the multi-port distributor is connected with the centrifugal fan, an air outlet of the multi-port distributor is connected with the air conveying pipe, and the tail end of the air conveying pipe is connected with the air duct;
the electric control device controls the cylinder to stretch and retract, the air supply device is connected with the spraying device, the spraying device is arranged on the profiling frame to adjust the spraying posture, and the transmission device drives the centrifugal fan of the air supply device to act through the rear engine to provide driving power.
As a preferred technical scheme, the height adjusting movable rod comprises a first height adjusting movable rod and a second height adjusting movable rod, the first height adjusting movable rod and the second height adjusting movable rod are vertically connected with two ends of a height movable rod beam, the height adjusting fixed rod comprises a first height adjusting fixed rod and a second height adjusting fixed rod, the first height adjusting fixed rod and the second height adjusting fixed rod are vertically connected with two ends of the height fixed rod beam, the height adjusting movable rod is sleeved in the height adjusting fixed rod, one end of a height adjusting cylinder is vertically connected with the height movable rod beam, the other end of the height adjusting cylinder is vertically connected with the height fixed rod beam, the height adjusting movable rod is driven by the expansion of the height adjusting cylinder to slide up and down,
the width adjusting fixed rod comprises a first width adjusting fixed rod and a second width adjusting fixed rod, the first width adjusting fixed rod and the second width adjusting fixed rod are vertically connected with two ends of a width adjusting bracket, the width adjusting movable rod is symmetrically sleeved in the width adjusting fixed rod, an angle adjusting bracket is arranged at two sides of a width adjusting device, two ends of the angle adjusting bracket are connected with the end part of the width adjusting movable rod, one end of a width adjusting cylinder is vertically connected with the width adjusting bracket, the other end of the width adjusting cylinder is vertically connected with the angle adjusting bracket, the width adjusting cylinder stretches to drive the width adjusting movable rod to slide left and right,
as a preferable technical scheme, the electric control device comprises a storage battery, a main controller, a relay and a three-position five-way electromagnetic valve,
the storage battery supplies power to the main controller, the main controller controls the internal device of the spraying machine and the opening and closing of each contact of the relay, the relay controls the opening and closing of a control valve of the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve, the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve controls the stroke of the telescopic motion of the cylinder, the main controller is connected with each contact of the relay through a control line, the relay is connected with the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve through the control line, and the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the air inlet and.
As a preferable technical scheme, the transmission device comprises a rear engine, a centrifugal fan shaft, a first belt pulley of the centrifugal fan, a second belt pulley of the centrifugal fan, a belt pulley of the plunger pump and an air pump input belt pulley,
the rear engine is provided with a first rear engine output belt pulley and a second rear engine output belt pulley, the centrifugal fan shaft is connected with the first centrifugal fan belt pulley and the second centrifugal fan belt pulley, the first rear engine output belt pulley drives the air pump input belt pulley through a belt, the second rear engine output belt pulley drives the first centrifugal fan belt pulley through a belt, and the second centrifugal fan belt pulley is connected with the plunger pump belt pulley through a belt.
As a preferable technical proposal, the device also comprises a walking device, the walking transmission device comprises a front engine, a gearbox, a transmission shaft chain wheel and a transmission shaft,
the front engine is provided with a front engine output belt pulley, the gearbox is provided with a gearbox input belt pulley and a gearbox output chain wheel, the gearbox input belt pulley is connected with the front engine output belt pulley through a belt, the gearbox output chain wheel is connected with a transmission shaft chain wheel through a chain, the transmission shaft chain wheel is installed on a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft drives wheels to rotate.
As the preferable technical proposal, the air supply device also comprises an air inlet grid, a connecting rod and an inlet air quantity adjusting cylinder,
the air inlet grid is provided with a plurality of movable louver blades, each louver movable blade is connected with a connecting rod, the end part of each connecting rod is connected with one end of an inlet air quantity adjusting cylinder, and the other end of each inlet air quantity adjusting cylinder is fixed on the centrifugal fan.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the air duct comprises a cylindrical spraying barrel, a conical spraying barrel and an expanding spraying barrel, the cylindrical spraying barrel is connected with the conical spraying barrel, the conical spraying barrel is connected with the expanding spraying barrel, the expanding spraying barrel extends along the long axis direction and is compressed along the short axis direction, and the expanding spraying barrel is arranged at an air outlet at the tail end of the air duct.
As a preferred technical scheme, a cylindrical spray cylinder straight plate flow deflector is arranged in the cylindrical spray cylinder, an ellipsoidal flow director and a conical spray cylinder straight plate flow deflector are arranged in the conical spray cylinder, and the conical spray cylinder straight plate flow deflector is arranged on the surface of the ellipsoidal flow director.
As a preferable technical scheme, the spraying device comprises a medicine box, a plunger pump, a pipeline distributor, a medicine pipe and a nozzle,
the medicine chest is connected with the plunger pump, and the plunger pump is connected with the pipeline distributor, and the pipeline distributor is connected with the pencil, and the pencil end is equipped with the pencil and connects, and the pencil connects and is connected with the nozzle.
As a preferable technical scheme, an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the distance from the profiling frame to the fruit tree is arranged on the profiling frame.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer provided by the invention has the advantages that the positions of the air cylinders and the nozzles are adjusted through the profiling frame, so that the air cylinders and the nozzles are adjusted in height, width and angle to realize directional profiling spraying, and directional profiling spraying aiming at different growth heights of fruit trees in different periods, different planting row distances of orchards and different thicknesses and shapes of fruit tree canopies is realized.
(2) The multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer adopts the cooperation of the air conveying device and the spraying device, the nozzle is arranged in the air duct, the liquid medicine is fully mixed with the auxiliary air flow, and under the disturbance action of the air flow on branches and leaves of the canopy, the coverage rate mist on the back of the leaves can be effectively improved, the drift of the liquid medicine is reduced, and the ecological environment is protected.
(3) The walking device of the multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer is independently driven by the front engine, so that the walking device is separated from the air-conveying device and the spraying device, and can be independently started when the sprayer is transported for a long distance, thereby effectively saving energy.
(4) The multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer is provided with the air conveying device, the air inlet grid is arranged at the air inlet of the centrifugal fan, the adjustable air door is arranged in the multi-opening distributor, and the air quantity of each air outlet can be effectively adjusted by controlling the air inlet grid and the adjustable air door, so that the vertical distribution of the air quantity of the sprayer is adaptive to the characteristics of a fruit tree canopy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structure view of a multi-air-duct air-conveying profiling sprayer of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a walking device of the multi-air-duct air-conveying profiling sprayer of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a transmission device of the multi-air-duct air-conveying profiling sprayer of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural view of a profiling frame of the multi-air-duct air-conveying profiling sprayer of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial structure view of an air inlet of the multi-duct air-assisted profiling sprayer of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a view of the multi-port distributor of the multi-duct wind-fed contour sprayer of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a combined structure diagram of an air duct and a nozzle of the multi-air duct air-conveying profiling sprayer.
Wherein, 1-control box, 2-cab, 3-front engine, 4-medicine chest, 5-rear engine, 6-profiling frame, 7-wind barrel, 8-wind delivery pipe, 9-multi-port distributor, 10-centrifugal fan, 11-plunger pump, 12-air pump, 13-nozzle, 14-air storage tank, 15-gear box, 16-vehicle frame, 17-front engine output belt pulley, 18-gear box input belt pulley, 19-gear box output chain pulley, 20-transmission shaft chain pulley, 21-transmission shaft, 22-rear engine first output belt pulley, 23-air pump input belt pulley, 24-rear engine second output belt pulley, 25-centrifugal fan first belt pulley, 26-centrifugal fan second belt pulley, 27-centrifugal fan shaft, 28-plunger pump belt pulley, 29-height adjusting cylinder, 30-height adjusting fixed rod, 31-height adjusting movable rod, 32-angle adjusting rod, 33-angle adjusting cylinder, 34-angle adjusting bracket, 35-width adjusting cylinder, 36-width adjusting bracket, 37-width adjusting movable rod, 38-width adjusting fixed rod, 39-inlet air quantity adjusting cylinder, 40-connecting rod, 41-air inlet grid, 42-adjusting air door, 43-cylindrical spray cylinder, 44-conical spray cylinder, 45-expanding spray cylinder, 46-medicine tube and 47-ultrasonic sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
The embodiment provides a many tuber pipes in orchard wind send profiling sprayer, as shown in fig. 1, including profiling frame 6, electrically controlled device, transmission, wind send device, atomizer, electrically controlled device control profiling frame, transmission, wind send device and atomizer action, wind send device and atomizer to be connected to install on the profiling frame, transmission and wind send device, atomizer to be connected, profiling frame 6 is used for adjusting spraying position gesture, transmission is used for providing drive power, wind send the device to be used for producing auxiliary air current, atomizer is used for atomizing liquid medicine formation spraying.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the spraying apparatus includes a medicine tank 4, a plunger pump 11, a line distributor, and a nozzle 13; the medicine chest 4 is connected with the plunger pump 11, the plunger pump 11 is connected with the pipeline distributor, the pipeline distributor is connected with the medicine pipe, the tail end of the medicine pipe is provided with a medicine pipe joint, and the medicine pipe joint is connected with the nozzle 13. The plunger pump 11 is driven by the rear engine 5 through two-stage belt pulleys to decelerate, sucks liquid medicine from the medicine box 4, pressurizes the liquid medicine, enters a distribution channel of the pipeline distributor through the medicine pipe, and finally supplies the medicine to the nozzle 13 through the medicine pipe.
As shown in figure 2, the spraying machine also comprises a walking device, the walking device is independently driven by the front engine, the walking device is separated from the air supply device and the spraying device, and the walking device can be independently started when the spraying machine is transported for a long distance, so that the energy is effectively saved. The walking device comprises a front engine 3, a gearbox 15, a transmission shaft chain wheel 20 and a transmission shaft 21, wherein the front engine 3 is provided with a front engine output belt wheel 17, the gearbox 15 is provided with a gearbox input belt wheel 18 and a gearbox output chain wheel 19, the gearbox input belt wheel 18 is connected with the front engine output belt wheel 17 through a belt, the gearbox output chain wheel 19 is connected with the transmission shaft chain wheel 20 through a chain, the transmission shaft chain wheel 20 is arranged on the transmission shaft 21, and the transmission shaft drives wheels to rotate to provide power for the walking of the spraying machine.
As shown in fig. 3, the transmission device includes a rear engine, an air pump input pulley 23, a centrifugal fan first pulley 25, a centrifugal fan second pulley 26, a centrifugal fan shaft 27, and a plunger pump pulley 28;
in this embodiment, the rear engine is provided with a first rear engine output belt pulley 22 and a second rear engine output belt pulley 24, the centrifugal fan shaft 27 is connected with the first centrifugal fan belt pulley 25 and the second centrifugal fan belt pulley 27, the first rear engine output belt pulley 22 drives the air pump input belt pulley 23 through a belt to provide power for the air pump 12 so as to drive the air cylinder to act, the air pump 12 is connected with the air storage tank 14, and the air storage tank plays a role in storing air; the second output belt pulley 24 of the rear engine drives the first belt pulley 25 of the centrifugal fan through a belt, provides power for the centrifugal fan 10 and drives the centrifugal fan 10 to operate; the second belt pulley 26 of the centrifugal fan is connected with a belt pulley 28 of the plunger pump through a belt to provide power for the spraying device, so that the basic spraying function is realized.
In this embodiment, the electric control device includes a storage battery, a main controller, a relay, a three-position five-way solenoid valve, and a cylinder; the storage battery is connected with the main controller through a lead, and the storage battery supplies power to the main controller. The relay is connected with a main controller through a wire, the main controller controls the internal device of the spraying machine and sends out a switching signal to control the opening and closing of each contact of the relay, a control line of the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve is connected with each contact of the relay, and the opening and closing of the contact of the relay controls the on-off of a coil of the electromagnetic valve, namely the opening and closing of a control valve. The air inlet and outlet of the cylinder are connected with a three-position five-way electromagnetic valve through an air pipe, the opening and closing time of the valve is controlled, and the stroke of the telescopic motion of the cylinder can be controlled, wherein the storage battery, the main controller, the relay and the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve are arranged in a control box 1, and the control box is fixed in a cab 2.
In this embodiment, the cylinders include a height adjusting cylinder, a width adjusting cylinder, an angle adjusting cylinder, and an inlet air volume adjusting cylinder.
As shown in fig. 4, and with reference to fig. 1, the profiling frame 6 is fixed to the rear portion of the frame 16, the height-adjusting fixing rod 30 is fixed to the frame 16, the height-adjusting movable rod 31 is sleeved in the height-adjusting fixing rod, the two height-adjusting fixing rods 30 are connected by a height-fixing rod beam, the two height-adjusting movable rods 31 are connected by a height-adjusting movable rod beam, and two ends of the height-adjusting cylinder 29 are fixed to the height-fixing rod beam and the height-adjusting movable rod beam by hinges, respectively. The width adjusting fixing rod at the lower part is fixed on the height adjusting movable rod 31, the width adjusting bracket 36 is connected with the width adjusting fixing rod 38 at the upper part, the width adjusting movable rod 37 is sleeved in the width adjusting fixing rod 38, the width adjusting movable rods at the upper part and the lower part are connected through the angle adjusting bracket 34, and two ends of the width adjusting cylinder 35 are respectively connected with the width adjusting bracket 36 and the angle adjusting bracket 34 through hinges. One end of the angle adjusting cylinder 33 is connected with the angle adjusting bracket 34, the other end of the angle adjusting cylinder 32 is connected with the end of the angle adjusting rod 32, and the angle adjusting cylinder stretches and retracts to drive the angle adjusting rod to rotate within a certain angle range. The height of the profiling frame 6 is adjusted by controlling the lifting of the height adjusting cylinder 29 to drive the height adjusting movable rod 31 to slide up and down; the width is adjusted by controlling the expansion and contraction of the width adjusting cylinder 35 to drive the width adjusting movable rod 37 to slide left and right; the angle adjustment is performed by controlling the extension and retraction of the angle adjustment cylinder 33 to drive the angle adjustment rod 32 to rotate back and forth within a certain angle range. The air duct 7 and the nozzle 13 are fixed to the angle adjusting rod 32 by bolts. The adjustment of the air duct 7 and the nozzle 13 in the height, width and angle directions is realized by controlling the extension of each air cylinder, and the profiling spraying of the height of fruit trees in different growth periods, different planting row spacing of orchards, different thicknesses and shapes of fruit tree canopies and the like is realized.
In this embodiment, each of the fixing rods, the movable rod, the cross beam and the adjusting bracket is a hollow square tube, which can reduce the weight of the whole profiling frame 6.
In this embodiment, the profiling frame 6 is further provided with an ultrasonic sensor 47 for detecting the distance from the profiling frame to the canopy of the fruit tree in real time.
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, and with reference to fig. 1, the air supply device includes an air inlet grid 41, a connecting rod 40, an inlet air quantity adjusting cylinder 39, a centrifugal fan 10, an adjusting air door 42, a multi-port distributor 9, an air duct 8 and an air duct 7, the air inlet grid 41 is fixed on the air inlet of the centrifugal fan 10, the air inlet grid 41 is provided with a plurality of movable louvers, the plurality of movable louvers are connected with the connecting rod 40,
as shown in fig. 5, the connecting rod 40 is fastened to each movable louver of the air inlet grille 41, the end of the connecting rod 40 is hinged to the top end of the inlet air volume adjusting cylinder 39 through bolts and nuts, and the other end of the inlet air volume adjusting cylinder 39 is fixed to the upper end surface of the centrifugal fan 10 through a support. The inlet air volume adjusting cylinder 39 can be extended and contracted to drive the connecting rod 40 to push each movable louver of the air inlet grid 41 to rotate, so that the air inlet area of the centrifugal fan 10 is changed.
As shown in fig. 6, the damper 42 is fixed in the outlet of the multi-port distributor 9 by an extending shaft, and the damper 42 can be manually rotated to change the outlet air volume of the multi-port distributor 9. The multi-port distributor 9 is respectively connected with the centrifugal fan 10 and each air conveying pipe 8, and the other end of each air conveying pipe 8 is connected with the air duct 7.
In this embodiment, the centrifugal fan 10 is driven by the rear engine 5 through the first-stage belt pulley to reduce speed, sucks air, and the air current is shunted through the multi-port distributor 9, enters the air transmission pipe 8, and finally blows to the fruit tree canopy through the air duct 7, under the effect of the auxiliary air current, the front and back surfaces of the fruit tree leaves can be uniformly fogged, and the deposition rate and the distribution uniformity of the liquid medicine are improved. Before field operation, firstly, the air supply device of the spraying machine is calibrated, the angles of the air inlet grids 41 and the air adjusting doors 42 are changed, the air outlet speed of each air duct 7 is obtained, and the corresponding relation between the air outlet speed and the air adjusting doors is obtained. And then according to the wind speed values recommended by fruit trees with different leaf area indexes obtained by previous experiments, adjusting the angles of the air inlet grid 41 of the centrifugal fan and the air adjusting door 42 in the multi-port distributor 9 to ensure that the wind speed of the air outlet of each air duct 7 is adaptive to the density of the crown layer of the fruit tree. The air quantity of the sprayer is adjusted, spraying operation parameters are adapted to the characteristics of the canopy, the deposition rate of the target can be effectively increased, and drift is reduced.
As shown in fig. 7, the air duct 7 is composed of three sections, namely a cylindrical spray duct 43, a conical spray duct 44 and an expanding spray duct 45. In the embodiment, 4 cylindrical spray cylinder straight plate flow deflectors are arranged in the cylindrical spray cylinder, and an ellipsoidal flow director and 4 conical spray cylinder straight plate flow deflectors are arranged in the conical spray cylinder, so that turbulence in the spray cylinder can be effectively reduced, and the air flow speed is concentrated towards the axis. The expanding spraying barrel extends along the long axis direction and is compressed along the short axis direction, so that the spraying width of the spraying machine can be effectively improved. The bottom and two side faces of the expanding spray cylinder are provided with small holes, the tail end of the medicine tube 46 is provided with a medicine tube joint, the nozzle 13 is fixed with the medicine tube joint through threads, round rods are welded on two sides of the end of the medicine tube joint and are fixedly arranged in mounting holes on two sides of the expanding spray cylinder of the air cylinder, and the other end of the medicine tube 46 penetrates through the small holes on the bottom of the expanding spray cylinder and is connected with a pipeline distributor.
In the embodiment, the working process of the multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer is as follows:
the front engine 3 and the rear engine 5 are respectively started through an electric system, the power of the front engine 3 is transmitted to the gearbox 15 through a speed reducing system consisting of a front engine output belt pulley 17 and a gearbox input belt pulley 18, the power is transmitted to the transmission shaft 21 through the speed reducing system consisting of a gearbox output chain wheel 19 and a transmission shaft chain wheel 20 after being reduced by the gearbox 15, and finally the rear wheel is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft 21, so that the spraying machine can walk.
The power of the rear engine 5 firstly passes through a first output belt pulley 22 of the rear engine and drives an air pump input belt pulley 23 through a belt to provide power for the air pump 12 so as to drive the air cylinder to act; then, the plunger pump 11 is driven to operate through a speed reducing system consisting of a second output belt pulley 24 of the rear engine and a first belt pulley 25 of the centrifugal fan, and then through a second belt pulley 26 of the centrifugal fan and a belt pulley 28 of the plunger pump, liquid medicine is pumped in from the medicine box 4, and high-pressure liquid medicine is provided for each nozzle 13 through a pipeline distributor, so that spraying is realized; meanwhile, the centrifugal fan shaft 27 drives the centrifugal fan 10 to rotate, the auxiliary air flow discharged by the centrifugal fan 10 is conveyed to each air duct 7 on the profiling frame 6 through the multi-port distributor 9 and the air conveying pipe 8, and secondary atomization is carried out on the liquid medicine output by the nozzle 13.
When the sprayer works, the ultrasonic sensor 47 fixed on the profiling frame 6 detects the distance from the profiling frame 6 to a fruit tree canopy in real time, signals are transmitted into the control box 1, the main controller sends out commands, the profiling frame 6 is adjusted by controlling the stretching of the air cylinder, the pose adjustment in the height, width and angle directions can be realized, and the sprayer realizes the profiling spraying of different target characteristics. The nozzle 13 is installed in the inside of dryer 7, and the liquid medicine of nozzle 13 output can be by the auxiliary air current intensive mixing of dryer 7, and under the disturbance effect of auxiliary air current to the branch and leaf, the back of leaf is deposited to the droplet more easily, has reduced the liquid medicine and has drifted, the protection ecological environment.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-air-pipe air-conveying profiling sprayer is characterized by comprising a profiling frame, an electric control device, an air-conveying device and a plurality of spraying devices,
the profiling frame comprises a height adjusting device, a width adjusting device and an angle adjusting device, the height adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the width adjusting device, the angle adjusting device is symmetrically arranged at two sides of the width adjusting device, and the height adjusting device comprises a height movable rod cross beam, a height fixed rod cross beam, a height adjusting cylinder, a height adjusting fixed rod and a height adjusting movable rod; the width adjusting device comprises a width adjusting cylinder, a width adjusting bracket, a width adjusting movable rod and a width adjusting fixed rod; the angle adjusting device comprises an angle adjusting rod, an angle adjusting cylinder and an angle adjusting bracket;
the two ends of the height fixing rod cross beam are both connected with height adjusting fixing rods, the two ends of the height movable rod cross beam are both connected with height adjusting movable rods, one end of each height adjusting movable rod is connected with the height adjusting fixing rod in a sliding mode, and the two ends of each height adjusting cylinder are connected with the height fixing rod cross beam and the height movable rod cross beam respectively;
the two ends of the width adjusting bracket are both connected with width adjusting fixed rods, one end of each width adjusting movable rod is connected with the width adjusting fixed rods in a sliding mode, the other end of each width adjusting movable rod is connected with the angle adjusting bracket, and the two ends of each width adjusting cylinder are respectively connected with the width adjusting bracket and the angle adjusting bracket;
one end of the angle adjusting cylinder is connected with the angle adjusting bracket, one end of the angle adjusting cylinder is connected with the end part of the angle adjusting rod, the other end of the angle adjusting rod is connected with the angle adjusting bracket, and the angle adjusting cylinder stretches and retracts to drive the angle adjusting rod to rotate within a certain angle range;
the air supply device comprises an air adjusting door, a centrifugal fan, a multi-port distributor, an air conveying pipe and an air duct,
the air adjusting door is arranged in an air outlet channel of the multi-port distributor, an air inlet of the multi-port distributor is connected with the centrifugal fan, an air outlet of the multi-port distributor is connected with the air conveying pipe, and the tail end of the air conveying pipe is connected with the air duct;
the electric control device controls the cylinder to stretch and retract, the air supply device is connected with the spraying device, the spraying device is arranged on the profiling frame to adjust the spraying posture, and the transmission device drives the centrifugal fan of the air supply device to act through the rear engine to provide driving power;
the height adjusting movable rod comprises a first height adjusting movable rod and a second height adjusting movable rod, the first height adjusting movable rod and the second height adjusting movable rod are vertically connected with two ends of a height movable rod beam, the height adjusting fixed rod comprises a first height adjusting fixed rod and a second height adjusting fixed rod, the first height adjusting fixed rod and the second height adjusting fixed rod are vertically connected with two ends of a height fixed rod beam, the height adjusting movable rod is sleeved in the height adjusting fixed rod, one end of a height adjusting cylinder is vertically connected with the height movable rod beam, the other end of the height adjusting cylinder is vertically connected with the height fixed rod beam, the height adjusting movable rod is driven by the expansion of the height adjusting cylinder to slide up and down,
the width adjusting fixed rod comprises a first width adjusting fixed rod and a second width adjusting fixed rod, the first width adjusting fixed rod and the second width adjusting fixed rod are vertically connected with two ends of a width adjusting support, the width adjusting movable rods are symmetrically sleeved in the width adjusting fixed rods, angle adjusting supports are arranged on two sides of a width adjusting device, two ends of each angle adjusting support are connected with the end of each width adjusting movable rod, one end of each width adjusting cylinder is vertically connected with the width adjusting support, the other end of each width adjusting cylinder is vertically connected with the angle adjusting supports, and the width adjusting cylinders stretch to drive the width adjusting movable rods to movably slide left and right;
the air supply device also comprises an air inlet grid, a connecting rod and an inlet air quantity adjusting cylinder,
the air inlet grid is provided with a plurality of movable louver blades, each movable louver blade is connected with a connecting rod, the end part of each connecting rod is connected with one end of an inlet air quantity adjusting cylinder, and the other end of each inlet air quantity adjusting cylinder is fixed on the centrifugal fan;
the air duct comprises a cylindrical spray duct, a conical spray duct and an expanding spray duct, the cylindrical spray duct is connected with the conical spray duct, the conical spray duct is connected with the expanding spray duct, the expanding spray duct extends along the long axis direction and is compressed along the short axis direction, and the expanding spray duct is arranged at an air outlet at the tail end of the air duct;
the cylindrical spray cylinder is internally provided with a cylindrical spray cylinder straight plate flow deflector, the conical spray cylinder is internally provided with an ellipsoidal flow director and a conical spray cylinder straight plate flow deflector, and the conical spray cylinder straight plate flow deflector is arranged on the surface of the ellipsoidal flow director.
2. The multi-duct air-assisted profiling sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the electric control device comprises a storage battery, a main controller, a relay and a three-position five-way solenoid valve,
the storage battery supplies power to the main controller, the main controller controls the internal device of the spraying machine and the opening and closing of each contact of the relay, the relay controls the opening and closing of a control valve of the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve, the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve controls the stroke of the telescopic motion of the cylinder, the main controller is connected with each contact of the relay through a control line, the relay is connected with the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve through the control line, and the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the air inlet and.
3. The multi-duct air-assisted profiling sprayer of claim 1,
the transmission device comprises a rear engine, a centrifugal fan shaft, a first belt pulley of the centrifugal fan, a second belt pulley of the centrifugal fan, a plunger pump belt pulley and an air pump input belt pulley,
the rear engine is provided with a first rear engine output belt pulley and a second rear engine output belt pulley, the centrifugal fan shaft is connected with the first centrifugal fan belt pulley and the second centrifugal fan belt pulley, the first rear engine output belt pulley drives the air pump input belt pulley through a belt, the second rear engine output belt pulley drives the first centrifugal fan belt pulley through a belt, and the second centrifugal fan belt pulley is connected with the plunger pump belt pulley through a belt.
4. The multi-duct air-assisted profiling sprayer according to claim 1, further comprising a walking device, wherein the walking device comprises a front engine, a gearbox, a transmission shaft chain wheel and a transmission shaft,
the front engine is provided with a front engine output belt pulley, the gearbox is provided with a gearbox input belt pulley and a gearbox output chain wheel, the gearbox input belt pulley is connected with the front engine output belt pulley through a belt, the gearbox output chain wheel is connected with a transmission shaft chain wheel through a chain, the transmission shaft chain wheel is installed on a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft drives wheels to rotate.
5. The multi-duct air-assisted profiling sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the spraying device comprises a medicine box, a plunger pump, a pipeline distributor, a medicine pipe and a nozzle,
the medicine chest is connected with the plunger pump, and the plunger pump is connected with the pipeline distributor, and the pipeline distributor is connected with the pencil, and the pencil end is equipped with the pencil and connects, and the pencil connects and is connected with the nozzle.
6. The multi-duct wind-driven profiling sprayer according to claim 1, wherein an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the distance from the profiling rack to a fruit tree is arranged on the profiling rack.
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| CN110326601A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-15 | 华南农业大学 | Profiling device for administration of drugs, Machinery for orchard equipment and application method |
| CN111011332B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2022-02-01 | 东北大学 | Onboard orchard pesticide spraying device and using method |
| CN110999890A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-14 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 | Corn foliage spraying device with two-sided function of spraying |
| CN111436414B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏大学 | Greenhouse strawberry canopy inner circumference wind-conveying pesticide applying robot and implementation method thereof |
| CN111316892A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-23 | 洛阳市曼德机械制造有限公司 | Operation method of orchard spraying closed water spraying device |
| CN112021288B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-03-29 | 山东农业大学 | Self-adaptive canopy opening airflow auxiliary spraying device and method |
| CN112042625A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-08 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-point air-assisted spraying system |
| CN113951231B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-07-14 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Double-system combined pesticide spraying machine |
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| ATE410600T1 (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2008-10-15 | Exafan S A | ACTUATING DEVICE WORKING ON THE CENTRIFUGAL PRINCIPLE FOR AUTOMATICALLY OPENING THE SLATS OF A BLOWER |
| KR100984792B1 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2010-10-04 | 박승진 | Multi-spray equipment |
| AU2010101181A4 (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-03-03 | Baek, Bent Mr | Horticulture Tree Sprayer Function and Simple Adjustment |
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