CN111011332B - Onboard orchard pesticide spraying device and using method - Google Patents
Onboard orchard pesticide spraying device and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111011332B CN111011332B CN201911065306.4A CN201911065306A CN111011332B CN 111011332 B CN111011332 B CN 111011332B CN 201911065306 A CN201911065306 A CN 201911065306A CN 111011332 B CN111011332 B CN 111011332B
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- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010914 pesticide waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
- A01M7/0014—Field atomisers, e.g. orchard atomisers, self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
- B05B5/087—Arrangements of electrodes, e.g. of charging, shielding, collecting electrodes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
一种机载式果园农药喷雾装置及使用方法，装置包括轮式底盘、药液存储箱、液泵、电磁阀组、雾化喷嘴、喷嘴支架、红外探测器及探测器支架，轮式底盘接挂于拖拉机尾部，雾化喷嘴喷口前方设置金属电极环，金属电极环与高压静电发生器负极相连，雾化喷嘴后方设有轴流式风机。使用方法为：拖拉机匀速行驶在两排果树之间，利用红外探测器扫描探测通道两侧果树植株，启动高压静电发生器，当探测到果树植株后，启动液泵，雾化喷嘴向外喷出雾化药液，雾化药液穿过金属电极环后带上荷电，启动轴流式风机，利用气流扰动枝叶，雾化药液随着气流移向扰动的枝叶并均匀落到枝叶表面；当越过该果树植株后立刻停止药液喷洒，直到遇到下一棵果树植株后重新启动施药。
An airborne orchard pesticide spraying device and using method, the device includes a wheeled chassis, a liquid medicine storage tank, a liquid pump, a solenoid valve group, an atomizing nozzle, a nozzle bracket, an infrared detector and a detector bracket, and the wheeled chassis is connected to the It is hung on the rear of the tractor, and a metal electrode ring is arranged in front of the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle. The metal electrode ring is connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, and an axial fan is arranged behind the atomizing nozzle. The usage method is as follows: the tractor drives at a constant speed between two rows of fruit trees, uses infrared detectors to scan the fruit trees on both sides of the detection channel, and starts the high-voltage electrostatic generator. When the fruit trees are detected, the liquid pump is started, and the atomizing nozzle sprays out. The atomized liquid medicine is charged after passing through the metal electrode ring, and the axial flow fan is started to disturb the branches and leaves with the airflow. Stop spraying the liquid medicine immediately after crossing the fruit tree plant, and restart the spraying after encountering the next fruit tree plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant protection machinery, and particularly relates to an onboard orchard pesticide spraying device and a using method thereof.
Background
At present, pesticide spraying in orchards is mainly performed by manpower, pesticide spraying efficiency is very low, even if a few orchards can realize mechanical pesticide spraying, the pesticide loss is as high as 60% -70%, economic loss is caused, and the problem of serious pesticide residue is caused, so that the problem of environmental pollution is caused.
The traditional pesticide applying machine does not usually consider the spatial distribution condition of fruit trees when working in a forest, liquid medicine is always sprayed outwards in a constant-speed and uninterrupted mode, a large amount of pesticides can be sprayed in the forest without fruit trees, the pesticides are wasted, and a large amount of pesticides can remain on the ground of the fruit trees, so that the problem of environmental pollution is caused.
Moreover, even if the pesticide is sprayed on the fruit trees, the luxuriant branches and leaves of the fruit trees can generate a blocking effect, most of the pesticide is only sprayed on the outer branches and leaves of the fruit trees, the pesticide spraying amount on the inner branches and leaves of the fruit trees can be correspondingly reduced, even the pesticide liquid can not be received, the non-uniform pesticide spraying condition can directly influence the normal exertion of the pesticide effect, and the direct consequence can be that the yield is reduced under the condition that the pesticide is not sufficiently applied to the inner branches and leaves of the fruit trees, so that the economic income of fruit growers is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a machine-mounted orchard pesticide spraying device and a using method thereof, which can automatically adjust the pesticide spraying time according to the spatial distribution of fruit trees, avoid invalid pesticide spraying in places without trees, greatly reduce the loss of pesticides and effectively reduce the environmental pollution degree; when spraying medicine to the fruit tree, can initiatively exert wind-force disturbance to the fruit tree branch, make the liquid medicine fog drip that sprays simultaneously take on the electric charge, and then make the liquid medicine can be even spray the inlayer and the skin of fruit tree, avoid the not enough condition of application of medicine of fruit tree inlayer branch and leaf to appear, guarantee that whole fruit tree can all realize the normal performance of drug effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a machine-mounted orchard pesticide spraying device comprises a wheel-type chassis, a liquid medicine storage box, a liquid pump, an electromagnetic valve group, an atomizing nozzle, a nozzle bracket, an infrared detector and a detector bracket; the wheel type chassis is connected and hung at the tail part of the tractor, and the wheel type chassis follows the tractor; the liquid medicine storage tank and the liquid pump are both arranged on the wheel type chassis; a lifting adjusting cylinder is vertically and fixedly arranged on the wheel type chassis, the nozzle support is arranged at the top of a piston rod of the lifting adjusting cylinder, and the height position of the nozzle support is adjusted through the expansion of the piston rod of the lifting adjusting cylinder; the number of the atomizing nozzles is a plurality, and the atomizing nozzles are uniformly distributed along the nozzle support in the vertical direction; the nozzle support is made of a hollow rod, a liquid outlet of the liquid medicine storage box is communicated with a liquid inlet of the liquid pump through a pipeline, a liquid outlet of the liquid pump is communicated with the atomizing nozzle through an electromagnetic valve group, and a pipeline between the electromagnetic valve group and the atomizing nozzle penetrates through the hollow nozzle support rod body; the detector support is vertically and fixedly arranged on the wheel type chassis, the number of the infrared detectors is multiple, the infrared detectors are uniformly distributed along the detector support in the vertical direction, and the infrared detectors are used for scanning and detecting the fruit tree plants.
An electric swing joint is arranged between the atomizing nozzle and the nozzle bracket, and the atomizing nozzle adjusts the liquid medicine spraying angle through the electric swing joint.
A high-voltage electrostatic generator is arranged on the wheel type chassis, a metal electrode ring is arranged in front of a nozzle of the atomizing nozzle, the metal electrode ring is connected with a negative electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, a positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is grounded, the atomizing nozzle is grounded, and a non-uniform electric field is formed between the metal electrode ring and the atomizing nozzle; and the metal electrode ring, a lead in front of the negative electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, a grounding wire of the positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator and a grounding wire of the atomizing nozzle all penetrate through the hollow nozzle support rod body.
An axial flow fan is erected on the wheel type chassis behind the atomizing nozzle, and wind power output by the axial flow fan disturbs the fruit tree branches and leaves.
The detector support sets up to two, and two detector supports are for tractor advancing direction symmetric distribution in wheeled chassis left and right sides, and all infrared detector that are located on the left side detector support all face tractor advancing direction's left side, and all infrared detector that are located on the right side detector support all face tractor advancing direction's right side.
The nozzle support sets up to two, and two nozzle support bottoms link firmly together through a switching horizontal pole, and two nozzle support pass through the switching horizontal pole to be installed at the piston rod top of lift adjustment cylinder, and the spout of all atomizing nozzles that is located on the nozzle support of left side all faces the left side of tractor advancing direction, and the spout of all atomizing nozzles that is located on the nozzle support of right side all faces the right side of tractor advancing direction.
The use method of the machine-mounted orchard pesticide spraying device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: starting the tractor to enable the tractor to run in a channel between two rows of fruit trees at a constant speed;
step two: starting an infrared detector to perform real-time scanning detection on fruit tree plants on the left side and the right side of the tractor;
step three: starting a high-voltage electrostatic generator to form a non-uniform electric field between the metal electrode ring and the atomizing nozzle;
step four: when the infrared detector does not detect the existence of a fruit tree plant in the running process of the tractor, the detection position is in a gap between two fruit trees, and the liquid pump is not started at the moment; when the infrared detector detects that a fruit tree plant appears in front of the infrared detector, executing a fifth step:
step five: starting a liquid pump, enabling the liquid medicine in a liquid medicine storage box to sequentially enter an atomizing nozzle through the liquid pump and an electromagnetic valve group, and spraying the liquid medicine outwards in a spraying mode through the atomizing nozzle, wherein when the atomized liquid medicine passes through a metal electrode ring, the atomized liquid medicine is charged under the action of a non-uniform electric field;
step six: starting the axial flow fan, disturbing the fruit tree branches and leaves by using the airflow generated by the axial flow fan, and simultaneously enabling the electrically-charged atomized liquid medicine to move to the disturbed fruit tree branches and leaves along with the airflow and uniformly fall onto the surfaces of the fruit tree branches and leaves;
step seven: when the infrared detector detects the existence of the fruit tree plant again, the detection position is moved into the gap between two fruit trees, at the moment, the liquid pump and the axial flow fan are shut down, and the atomizing nozzle stops spraying the liquid medicine;
step eight: and repeating the fourth step to the seventh step to finish the subsequent pesticide application process of the fruit plants.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the machine-mounted orchard pesticide spraying device and the using method can automatically adjust the pesticide spraying time according to the spatial distribution of fruit trees, avoid invalid pesticide spraying in places without trees, greatly reduce the loss of pesticides and effectively reduce the environmental pollution degree; when spraying medicine to the fruit tree, can initiatively exert wind-force disturbance to the fruit tree branch, make the liquid medicine fog drip that sprays simultaneously take on the electric charge, and then make the liquid medicine can be even spray the inlayer and the skin of fruit tree, avoid the not enough condition of application of medicine of fruit tree inlayer branch and leaf to appear, guarantee that whole fruit tree can all realize the normal performance of drug effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an on-board orchard pesticide sprayer according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of an on-board orchard pesticide sprayer of the invention (liquid storage tank, liquid pump, high-voltage electrostatic generator, infrared detector and detector support not shown);
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion I of FIG. 2;
in the figure, 1-wheel type chassis, 2-liquid medicine storage box, 3-liquid pump, 4-atomizing nozzle, 5-nozzle support, 6-infrared detector, 7-detector support, 8-tractor, 9-lifting adjusting cylinder, 10-electromagnetic valve group, 11-high voltage electrostatic generator, 12-metal electrode ring, 13-axial flow fan, 14-switching cross rod.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a machine-mounted orchard pesticide spraying device comprises a wheel-type chassis 1, a liquid medicine storage box 2, a liquid pump 3, an electromagnetic valve group 10, an atomizing nozzle 4, a nozzle bracket 5, an infrared detector 6 and a detector bracket 7; the wheel type chassis 1 is connected and hung at the tail part of the tractor 8, and the wheel type chassis 1 follows the tractor 8; the liquid medicine storage tank 2 and the liquid pump 3 are both arranged on the wheel type chassis 1; a lifting adjusting cylinder 9 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the wheel type chassis 1, the nozzle support 5 is arranged at the top of a piston rod of the lifting adjusting cylinder 9, and the height position of the nozzle support 5 is adjusted by the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the lifting adjusting cylinder 9; the number of the atomizing nozzles 4 is a plurality, and the atomizing nozzles 4 are uniformly distributed along the nozzle support 5 in the vertical direction; the nozzle support 5 is made of a hollow rod, a liquid outlet of the liquid medicine storage box 2 is communicated with a liquid inlet of the liquid pump 3 through a pipeline, a liquid outlet of the liquid pump 3 is communicated with the atomizing nozzle 4 through an electromagnetic valve group 10, and a pipeline between the electromagnetic valve group 10 and the atomizing nozzle 4 penetrates through the hollow nozzle support 5 rod body; the detector support 7 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the wheel type chassis 1, the infrared detectors 6 are a plurality in number, the infrared detectors 6 are uniformly distributed along the detector support 7 in the vertical direction, and the infrared detectors 6 are used for scanning and detecting the fruit tree plants.
An electric swing joint is arranged between the atomizing nozzle 4 and the nozzle bracket 5, and the atomizing nozzle 4 adjusts the liquid medicine spraying angle through the electric swing joint.
A high-voltage electrostatic generator 11 is arranged on the wheel type chassis 1, a metal electrode ring 12 is arranged in front of a nozzle of the atomizing nozzle 4, the metal electrode ring 12 is connected with a negative electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 11, a positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 11 is grounded, the atomizing nozzle 4 is grounded, and a non-uniform electric field is formed between the metal electrode ring 12 and the atomizing nozzle 4; the metal electrode ring 12 and a lead in front of the negative electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 11, a grounding wire of the positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 11 and a grounding wire of the atomizing nozzle 4 all penetrate through the hollow nozzle support 5 rod body.
An axial flow fan 13 is erected on the wheel type chassis 1 behind the atomizing nozzle 4, and the wind power output by the axial flow fan 13 disturbs the fruit tree branches and leaves.
The two detector supports 7 are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the wheeled chassis 1 relative to the advancing direction of the tractor 8, all the infrared detectors 6 on the left detector support 7 face the left side of the advancing direction of the tractor 8, and all the infrared detectors 6 on the right detector support 7 face the right side of the advancing direction of the tractor 8.
The use method of the machine-mounted orchard pesticide spraying device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: starting the tractor 8 to enable the tractor 8 to run in a channel between two rows of fruit trees at a constant speed;
step two: starting the infrared detector 6 to perform real-time scanning detection on fruit tree plants on the left side and the right side of the tractor 8;
step three: starting the high-voltage electrostatic generator 11 to form a non-uniform electric field between the metal electrode ring 12 and the atomizing nozzle 4;
step four: when the tractor 8 is running, the liquid pump 3 is not started when the infrared detector 6 does not detect the existence of a fruit tree plant, which indicates that the detection position is in the gap between two fruit trees; when the infrared detector 6 detects that a fruit tree plant appears in front of the infrared detector, executing the fifth step:
step five: the liquid pump 3 is started, the liquid medicine in the liquid medicine storage box 2 sequentially passes through the liquid pump 3 and the electromagnetic valve group 10 to enter the atomizing nozzle 4, the liquid medicine is sprayed out by the atomizing nozzle 4 in a spraying mode, and when the atomized liquid medicine passes through the metal electrode ring 12, the atomized liquid medicine is charged under the action of a non-uniform electric field;
step six: the axial flow fan 13 is started, the airflow generated by the axial flow fan is used for disturbing the branches and leaves of the fruit trees, and meanwhile, the electrically charged atomized liquid medicine moves to the disturbed branches and leaves of the fruit trees along with the airflow and uniformly falls on the surfaces of the branches and leaves of the fruit trees;
step seven: when the infrared detector 6 detects the existence of the fruit tree plant again, the detection position is moved into the gap between two fruit trees, at the moment, the liquid pump 3 and the axial flow fan 13 are stopped, and the atomizing nozzle 4 stops spraying the liquid medicine;
step eight: and repeating the fourth step to the seventh step to finish the subsequent pesticide application process of the fruit plants.
In the embodiment, three infrared detectors 6 are uniformly distributed on each detector bracket 7, and the optical wave band of each detector bracket is a near infrared line segment and is used for detecting the distribution conditions of high, medium and low fruit tree branches; three atomizing nozzles 4 are uniformly distributed on the nozzle bracket 5 and used for uniformly applying the pesticide to the high, medium and low fruit tree branches.
In order to achieve accurate pesticide application, when a relatively obvious height difference exists between the opposite fruit trees, for the fruit trees with shorter heights, if the height of the infrared detector 6 at the highest position exceeds the crown of the fruit tree, the atomizing nozzles 4 at the middle and lower positions are started in the pesticide application process; for the fruit trees with higher height, if the bottom layer of the crown is higher than the infrared detector 6 at the lowest position, only the atomizing nozzles 4 at the high and middle positions need to be started, thereby avoiding the waste of liquid medicine.
The infrared detector 6 used in this embodiment is composed of an infrared emitting module, an infrared receiving module and a signal processing module, when the infrared detector 6 works, firstly, the infrared emitting module emits infrared rays outwards, after the infrared emitting module irradiates branches and leaves of fruit trees, the reflected light rays return to the infrared receiving module, at this time, the signal processing module processes the received reflected information at the first time and feeds the information back to the controller, then the controller sends a starting instruction to the liquid pump 3, the controller adopts a micro single chip microcomputer, the micro single chip microcomputer generates a coding signal, the infrared emitting module is driven by the coding signal to send out an infrared signal with the coding signal, and the reflection signal processed by the amplifying circuit can be detected in real time, the coding signal can ensure that a plurality of detectors with the same type work simultaneously and the same type without mutual interference, and has the working frequencies are consistent, High reliability and low power consumption.
In the embodiment, the aperture range of the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle 4 is 0.5 mm-1 mm, the diameter of the metal electrode ring 12 is 30 mm-50 mm, the material of the metal electrode ring 12 is stainless steel, and the voltage range of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 11 is 0-10 kV; the distance between the metal electrode ring 12 and the atomizing nozzle 4 needs to be actually determined according to the size of the atomizing angle, so as to prevent the atomized liquid medicine from being sprayed onto the metal electrode ring 12, and the charging effect is not affected.
The atomized liquid medicine can be effectively attached to the surfaces of the fruit branches and leaves by means of static electrification, so that the effective deposition rate of the liquid medicine fog drops is further improved, and pesticide waste and environmental pollution caused by the drift of the fine liquid medicine fog drops are reduced. In addition, the charged atomized liquid medicine also has a tip effect and a wrapping effect, the tip effect can enable the liquid medicine fog drops to be deposited on the surfaces of the branches, and the wrapping effect can enable the liquid medicine fog drops to be deposited on the front surface and the back surface of the blade. The charged liquid medicine fog drops can be fully adsorbed on the surface of a plant after moving directionally and tending to fruit tree plants, the deposition rate is obviously improved, a large amount of charged liquid medicine fog drops are attached to the surface of the plant and uniformly cover the surface of the plant, the settling speed is high, the deposition amount of the back of the leaf is especially improved, and the drifting and the loss of the liquid medicine fog drops are effectively reduced. Compared with the traditional liquid medicine spraying mode, the pesticide utilization rate under the electrostatic spraying of the liquid medicine can be improved to more than 90 percent, and the electrostatic oil agent has affinity to the wall (wax layer) of the pest body, is easy to penetrate through the wall of the pest body to enter the pest body and shows rapid poisoning; in addition, the hydrolysis, photolysis and oxidative degradation processes of the pesticide are delayed, so that the pesticide effect is prolonged.
However, there is a certain disadvantage in electrostatic spraying of the liquid medicine, namely that the penetration of the charged fog drops to the canopy of the branches and leaves of the fruits is poor, and in order to ensure sufficient penetration and effective adhesion of the inner branches and leaves of the fog drops, the axial flow fan 13 is additionally arranged, the branches are disturbed by the airflow generated by the axial flow fan, and meanwhile, the fog drops can have stronger penetration under the action of the airflow. In this embodiment, the diameter of the impeller of the axial flow fan 13 is 630mm, and the operating speed is 2000 r/min; in order to ensure the stable spraying of the liquid medicine droplets, the liquid pump 3 adopts a diaphragm pump, which has strong working stability.
For the higher fruit tree of whole crown, in order to satisfy the requirement of giving medicine to the poor free of charge to further enlarge the operation scope, need wholly raise nozzle holder 5, specifically upwards stretch out the realization through the piston rod of lift adjustment cylinder 9, simultaneously for making the droplet spray angle most suitable, can realize the adjustment of atomizing nozzle 4 every single move angle and horizontal pivot angle through the electronic pendulum rotary joint between atomizing nozzle 4 and nozzle holder 5. In order to avoid that the atomizing nozzle 4 is not blocked during the operation, multiple filtration can be arranged in the spraying pipeline. When the liquid medicine in the liquid medicine storage tank 2 is replaced by liquid fertilizer, fertilization with the same effect can be realized.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an on-vehicle orchard pesticide atomizer which characterized in that: comprises a wheel type chassis, a liquid medicine storage box, a liquid pump, an electromagnetic valve group, an atomizing nozzle, a nozzle bracket, an infrared detector and a detector bracket; the wheel type chassis is connected and hung at the tail part of the tractor, and the wheel type chassis follows the tractor; the liquid medicine storage tank and the liquid pump are both arranged on the wheel type chassis; a lifting adjusting cylinder is vertically and fixedly arranged on the wheel type chassis, the nozzle support is arranged at the top of a piston rod of the lifting adjusting cylinder, and the height position of the nozzle support is adjusted through the expansion of the piston rod of the lifting adjusting cylinder; the number of the atomizing nozzles is a plurality, and the atomizing nozzles are uniformly distributed along the nozzle support in the vertical direction; the nozzle support is made of a hollow rod, a liquid outlet of the liquid medicine storage box is communicated with a liquid inlet of the liquid pump through a pipeline, a liquid outlet of the liquid pump is communicated with the atomizing nozzle through an electromagnetic valve group, and a pipeline between the electromagnetic valve group and the atomizing nozzle penetrates through the hollow nozzle support rod body; the detector support is vertically and fixedly arranged on the wheel type chassis, the number of the infrared detectors is multiple, the infrared detectors are uniformly distributed along the detector support in the vertical direction, and scanning detection is carried out on the fruit tree plants through the infrared detectors;
an electric swing joint is arranged between the atomizing nozzle and the nozzle bracket, and the atomizing nozzle adjusts the liquid medicine spraying angle through the electric swing joint;
a high-voltage electrostatic generator is arranged on the wheel type chassis, a metal electrode ring is arranged in front of a nozzle of the atomizing nozzle, the metal electrode ring is connected with a negative electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, a positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is grounded, the atomizing nozzle is grounded, and a non-uniform electric field is formed between the metal electrode ring and the atomizing nozzle; the metal electrode ring and a lead in front of the negative electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator, a grounding wire of the positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator and a grounding wire of the atomizing nozzle all penetrate through the hollow nozzle support rod body;
an axial flow fan is erected on the wheel type chassis behind the atomizing nozzle, and the wind power output by the axial flow fan disturbs the branches and leaves of the fruit trees;
the two detector supports are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the wheeled chassis relative to the travelling direction of the tractor, all infrared detectors on the left detector support face the left side of the travelling direction of the tractor, and all infrared detectors on the right detector support face the right side of the travelling direction of the tractor;
the nozzle support sets up to two, and two nozzle support bottoms link firmly together through a switching horizontal pole, and two nozzle support pass through the switching horizontal pole to be installed at the piston rod top of lift adjustment cylinder, and the spout of all atomizing nozzles that is located on the nozzle support of left side all faces the left side of tractor advancing direction, and the spout of all atomizing nozzles that is located on the nozzle support of right side all faces the right side of tractor advancing direction.
2. The method of using the on-board orchard pesticide spray unit of claim 1, characterized by the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: starting the tractor to enable the tractor to run in a channel between two rows of fruit trees at a constant speed;
step two: starting an infrared detector to perform real-time scanning detection on fruit tree plants on the left side and the right side of the tractor;
step three: starting a high-voltage electrostatic generator to form a non-uniform electric field between the metal electrode ring and the atomizing nozzle;
step four: when the infrared detector does not detect the existence of a fruit tree plant in the running process of the tractor, the detection position is in a gap between two fruit trees, and the liquid pump is not started at the moment; when the infrared detector detects that a fruit tree plant appears in front of the infrared detector, executing a fifth step:
step five: starting a liquid pump, enabling the liquid medicine in a liquid medicine storage box to sequentially enter an atomizing nozzle through the liquid pump and an electromagnetic valve group, and spraying the liquid medicine outwards in a spraying mode through the atomizing nozzle, wherein when the atomized liquid medicine passes through a metal electrode ring, the atomized liquid medicine is charged under the action of a non-uniform electric field;
step six: starting the axial flow fan, disturbing the fruit tree branches and leaves by using the airflow generated by the axial flow fan, and simultaneously enabling the electrically-charged atomized liquid medicine to move to the disturbed fruit tree branches and leaves along with the airflow and uniformly fall onto the surfaces of the fruit tree branches and leaves;
step seven: when the infrared detector detects the existence of the fruit tree plant again, the detection position is moved into the gap between two fruit trees, at the moment, the liquid pump and the axial flow fan are shut down, and the atomizing nozzle stops spraying the liquid medicine;
step eight: and repeating the fourth step to the seventh step to finish the subsequent pesticide application process of the fruit plants.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911065306.4A CN111011332B (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Onboard orchard pesticide spraying device and using method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911065306.4A CN111011332B (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Onboard orchard pesticide spraying device and using method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111011332A CN111011332A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
| CN111011332B true CN111011332B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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| CN201911065306.4A Expired - Fee Related CN111011332B (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Onboard orchard pesticide spraying device and using method |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984003643A1 (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-09-27 | Ici Plc | Electrostatic spraying apparatus |
| JP2005125175A (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2005-05-19 | Minoru Industrial Co Ltd | Electrostatic sprayer |
| CN103329878A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-10-02 | 南京林业大学 | New-concept intelligent multifunctional spaying machine chassis |
| CN104430278A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 河南农业大学 | Self-propelled intelligent fruit tree spraying vehicle |
| CN104521931A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Intelligent pneumatic conveying variable spraying machine provided with laser sensor |
| CN105325389A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-17 | 华南农业大学 | Directional air supply type electrostatic sprayer |
| CN205492225U (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏大学 | Self -propelled wind of intelligence send electrostaticly to target sprayer |
| CN106172354A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2016-12-07 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of dispersion wind regime orientation wind spraying aid type electrostatic sprayer |
| CN207505800U (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-06-19 | 山东博胜动力科技股份有限公司 | A kind of large size electrostatic liquid medicine sprayer |
| CN109757458A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-17 | 华南农业大学 | A multi-duct air-delivered profiling sprayer |
-
2019
- 2019-11-04 CN CN201911065306.4A patent/CN111011332B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984003643A1 (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-09-27 | Ici Plc | Electrostatic spraying apparatus |
| JP2005125175A (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2005-05-19 | Minoru Industrial Co Ltd | Electrostatic sprayer |
| CN103329878A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-10-02 | 南京林业大学 | New-concept intelligent multifunctional spaying machine chassis |
| CN104430278A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 河南农业大学 | Self-propelled intelligent fruit tree spraying vehicle |
| CN104521931A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Intelligent pneumatic conveying variable spraying machine provided with laser sensor |
| CN105325389A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-17 | 华南农业大学 | Directional air supply type electrostatic sprayer |
| CN205492225U (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏大学 | Self -propelled wind of intelligence send electrostaticly to target sprayer |
| CN106172354A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2016-12-07 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of dispersion wind regime orientation wind spraying aid type electrostatic sprayer |
| CN207505800U (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-06-19 | 山东博胜动力科技股份有限公司 | A kind of large size electrostatic liquid medicine sprayer |
| CN109757458A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-17 | 华南农业大学 | A multi-duct air-delivered profiling sprayer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111011332A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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